This paper presents the statistical characteristics of seawater properties, which are necessary for predicting the propagation of acoustic waves in selected areas of the Baltic Sea. The statistics were elaborated based on long-term measurements of vertical distributions of sound speed, temperature, and salinity, and the nonlinearity parameter B/A. Nonlinear properties of the environment are considered, in connection to the use of devices based on parametric acoustic wave generation. Special attention was paid to the environmental aspects of the propagation of underwater noise generated by ship operations. Statistical characteristics of the vertical distribution of sound are shown as mean values, and the differences associated with statistical, seasonal, as well as, long-term, changes.
Authors
Additional information
- DOI
- Digital Object Identifier link open in new tab 10.1121/2.0000342
- Category
- Publikacja w czasopiśmie
- Type
- artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
- Language
- angielski
- Publication year
- 2016
