The removal of norfloxacin (NOR), a widely used pharmaceutical and emerging water pollutant, was studied using UV-C and Fe2+ catalyzed peroxides-based oxidative processes (e.g., UV-C/Fe2+/H2O2, UV-C/Fe2+/S2O82− and UV-C/Fe2+/HSO5−) and compared with UV-C and UV-C/Fe2+. The UV-C and UV-C/Fe2+ degraded NOR to 38 and 55 %. However, use of peroxides, i.e., H2O2, S2O82−, HSO5− with UV-C and UV-C/Fe2+ promoted NOR %degradation to 75, 83, and 90 % using [peroxides]0 = 50 mg/L, [Fe2+]0 = 1 mg/L, and [NOR]0 = 10 mg/L, respectively. The significant impact of peroxides on NOR degradation was due to their decomposition into ●OH and SO4●− which showed high activity towards NOR degradation. The ●OH and SO4●− formation from peroxides decomposition and their contribution in NOR degradation was verified by different scavenger studies. Among the UV-C/Fe2+/peroxides processes, UV-C/Fe2+/HSO5− showed better performance. The changing concentrations of peroxides, Fe2+, and NOR affected degradation of NOR. The use of different pH and inorganic anions also influenced NOR degradation. The degradation pathways of NOR were established and analyzed acute as well as chronic toxicities of NOR and its DPs.
Authors
- Faiza Rehman,
- Nazish Parveen,
- Jibran Iqbal,
- Murtaza Sayed,
- Noor S. Shah,
- Sabah Ansar,
- Javed Ali,
- Afzal Shah,
- Farrukh Jamil,
- dr hab. inż. Grzegorz Boczkaj link open in new tab
Additional information
- DOI
- Digital Object Identifier link open in new tab 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114305
- Category
- Publikacja w czasopiśmie
- Type
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Language
- angielski
- Publication year
- 2023
