Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

Reducing fuel consumption is crucial for greening water transport. Wind, waves and currents affect fuel usage, with wave-induced resistance being significant. Typically, added resistance is estimated as the time average of resistance increase in waves over calm water. However, this average lacks real-time utility for engine adjustments. This study analyses time-series correlations between wave-induced resistance-increase and ship motions. Experiments using a KCS model show resistance oscillations can reach up to five times calm-water values. These oscillations are the first harmonic of the encounter frequency in long waves but exhibit multiple frequencies in short waves. Their amplitude follows a nonlinear trend: small in short waves, often large in medium waves and sometimes large in long waves. No clear amplitude trend emerges with wave height. A correlation between resistance increase and pitch motion is found in medium and long waves, underscoring the need for real-time control. These findings can guide strategies to optimise fuel use.

Authors

• dr inż. Mohammad Ghaemi link open in new tab ,
• prof. Hamid Zeraatgar link open in new tab ,
• Arash Bozorgmehr