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Birds' feathers – Suitable samples for determination of environmental pollutants

The intensive development of industry and human population results in large amounts of different xenobiotic emitted into individual ecosystem components. As a consequence, monitoring of the level of pollution of particular elements of the environment by exotoxins has become a common interest. The determination of environmental changes by different types of biological indicators is called bioindication, which is used as one of the basic methods in the monitoring of environmental pollution. The following review paper contains comprehensive information about the use of bird feathers to assess the environmental contamination level. Types of contaminants (trace metals, microplastics, persistent organic pollutants) and analytical methods used for their determination are described in detail. In addition, the types of feathers used and the techniques for preparing them as samples for analysis are summarized.

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