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Polarised light pollution on river water surfaces caused by artificial light at night from illuminated bridges and surroundings

Light is the part of the electromagnetic spectrum visible to the human eye, and such electromagnetic waves can be polarised (Foster et al., 2018) (Supplementary Material). Generally, humans are not able to perceive polarised light, apart from some very specific situations (Haidinger, 1844), while several animals are able to perceive it (Foster et al., 2018). Polarisation can occur when unpolarised light is reflected or transmitted at surfaces that have a specific polarisation direction or by scattering within a medium (the atmosphere or water) (Fig. S2) (Foster et al., 2018). Water surfaces in nature are a typical example where light is re- flected so that the resulting reflected light is (at least partly) lin- early polarised. As other surfaces might not reflect the light of a specific polarisation like water, the polarisation information can be understood as encoded optical information about the sur- Polarised light pollution on river water surfaces caused by artificial light at night from illuminated bridges and surroundings

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