The presence of micropollutants poses significant environmental concerns due to their potential toxicity in aquatic ecosystems. However, the effects of micropollutant mixtures, particularly synergistic or antagonistic interactions, remain underexplored. The study employs nonstandard biomarkers to investigate the interaction effects of binary mixtures of caffeine, a prevalent anthropogenic contaminant, and the imidazolium-based ionic liquid IMI-8C(CN)3, a representative of a new group of micropollutants, on two photosynthetic microorganisms: the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum and the freshwater/brackish cyanobacterium Microcystis aerugi- nosa, under chronic exposure conditions. Key findings reveal photoprotective responses in both microorganisms, including enhanced non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), activation of the xanthophyll cycle, and photosyn- thetic activity disruption as indicated by altered chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters. Environmentally rele- vant caffeine concentration (10 μg/l) significantly increased the DI0/RC (dissipation of photochemical energy per reaction center) parameter, indicating heightened energy dissipation as a stress response. Mixture toxicity pre- dictions using concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) models showed predominantly antag- onistic interactions.
Autorzy
- Lilianna Sharma,
- dr hab. inż. Błażej Kudłak link otwiera się w nowej karcie ,
- Joanna Stoń-Egiert,
- Grzegorz Siedlewicz,
- dr hab. Ksenia Pazdro
Informacje dodatkowe
- DOI
- Cyfrowy identyfikator dokumentu elektronicznego link otwiera się w nowej karcie 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138011
- Kategoria
- Publikacja w czasopiśmie
- Typ
- artykuły w czasopismach
- Język
- angielski
- Rok wydania
- 2025
