2017 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2017

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Składniki mineralne
- Anna Dołęga
2017
Opisano zawartość w żywności, przyswajalność oraz rolę w organizmie człowieka, tzw. składników mineralnych. Obecnie za składniki mineralne uważane są następujące pierwiastki: wapń, fosfor, siarka, sód, potas, chlor, magnez, żelazo, fluor, krzem, cynk, a także mangan, miedź, selen, jod, molibden, chrom, kobalt i bor.
Skłonność do rywalizacji a intencje przedsiębiorcze – o różnicach międzypłciowych
- Paweł Ziemiański
2017 Full text Przedsiębiorczość i Zarządzanie
According to the person-environment fit model people are more inclined to choose particular careers paths over other depending on their individual characteristics. They are also more likely to be satisfied with a career path that matches their characteristics and less likely to experience negative consequences including strain. In previous research several characteristics of entrepreneurs which differentiate them from non-entrepreneurs have been identified. Some scholars assert that these characteristics can be analyzed from the person-environment fit perspective. One of them which has not received much attention so far is the level of competitiveness. The goal of the current paper is to address this gap by analyzing the relationship between the level of competitiveness and the strength of entrepreneurial intentions among men and women. The analysis of this relationship is important as previously other authors obtained results indicating that the fact that men are characterized by a higher level of competitiveness might be one of the reasons of the gender gap in entrepreneurship. Current research involved 414 business students as participants. Men were characterized by a higher level of competitiveness. However a statistically significant (and positive) relationship between the level of competitiveness and entrepreneurial intentions was found only among women and not among men.
SKY PG - kolejny sukces na Wydziale Fizyki Technicznej i Matematyki Stosowanej
- Mateusz Zawadzki
2017 Full text Pismo PG
Sukcesem zakończyła się misja balonu meteorologicznego z sondą pomiarową przygotowaną przez studentów Wydziału Fizyki Technicznej i Matematyki Stosowanej. W lipcu 2016 roku grupa studentów z WFTiMS, we współpracy z Kołem Naukowym Studentów Fizyki PG, wykonała pomiary wybranych wielkości zycznych, posługując się autorskim układem pomiarowym, umieszczonym w sondzie badawczej przyczepionej do balonu meteorologicznego. Podczas około godzinnego lotu wykonano pomiar m.in. temperatury oraz ciśnienia w funkcji wysokości nad powierzchnią Ziemi.
Slurry Erosion -Design of Test Devices
- Marta Buszko
- Alicja Krella
2017 Full text Advances in Materials Science
Degradation of material caused by impacts of a solid particle (erodent) suspended in a liquid is called slurry erosion and is a major problem in the hydropower and maritime industry. Slurry erosion depends on many factors, e.g. liquid and erodent velocity, size, shape, angle of impact, hardness and number of erodents, and strength of a target material. The various types of test devices have been designed to investigate an effect of mentioned parameters on material resistance. In the paper are described main types of the test apparatus showing their main advantages and disadvantages. Some results of slurry erosion resistance of few groups of materials are also presented.
Small Hydropower Plants in Pomerania: The Example of Evolution of Modern Industrial Brick Architecture
- Bartosz Macikowski
2017 Full text IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Modernism is usually recognized and associated with the aesthetics of the International Style, represented by white-plastered, horizontally articulated architecture with skimpy decoration, where function was the main imperative of the architects’ ambitions. The brick face of Modernism in Northern Europe reflected, in fact, the complexity of the modern change, breaking ties with the historic styles of the 19th century and being still present in the beginning of the 20th century. In the 19th century and the first half of the 20th century we can observe an interesting evolution of styles and tendencies in industrial architecture, even in such a narrow and specific field like the architecture of small hydropower plants. The purpose of the research was to recognize the evolution of the architectural form of hydropower plants as a developing branch of industry in the first half of the 20th century. At the end of the 19th century, electricity had a strong meaning as a symbol of a radical change, which influenced also the aesthetic aspects of architecture. This could suggest that the hydropower plants should be one of the carriers of the new progressive architecture. In fact the Pomeranian hydropower plants were among the most advanced and progressive technical, sometimes even experimental solutions of those times. Regardless of that, the architecture of the Pomeranian power plants was rather reflecting the diversity and dynamism of the aesthetic discourse of the time. The cascade of the power plants Podgaje (1928), Jastrowie (1930), and Ptusza (1930), all part of the same investment on the river Gwda, can be the example of the absorption and development of new aesthetic trends within the same stream of clinker architecture. The paper describes selected examples of Pomeranian power plants as a comparative study which could illustrate the evolution of the brick architecture of the beginning of the 20th century.
Small regulatory bacterial RNAs regulating the envelope stress response
- Gracjana Klein-Raina
- Satish Raina
2017 Full text BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS
Most bacteria encode a large repertoire of RNA-based regulatory mechanisms. Recent discoveries have revealed that the expression of many genes is controlled by a plethora of base-pairing noncoding small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs), regulatory RNA-binding proteins and RNA-degrading enzymes. Some of these RNA-based regulated processes respond to stress conditions and are involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. They achieve it by either direct posttranscriptional repression of several mRNAs, including blocking access to ribosome and/or directing them to RNA degradation when the synthesis of their cognate proteins is unwanted, or by enhanced translation of some key stressregulated transcriptional factors. Noncoding RNAs that regulate the gene expression by binding to regulatory proteins/transcriptional factors often act negatively by sequestration, preventing target recognition. Expression of many sRNAs is positively regulated by stress-responsive sigma factors like RpoE and RpoS, and two-component systems like PhoP/Q, Cpx and Rcs. Some of these regulatory RNAs act via a feedback mechanism on their own regulators, which is best reflected by recent discoveries, concerning the regulation of cell membrane composition by sRNAs in Escherichia coli and Salmonella, which are highlighted here.
Small Scale Gasification of Biomass and Municipal Wastes for Heat and Electricity Production using HTAG Technology
- Jan Stąsiek
- Marcin Jewartowski
- Weihong Yang
2017
Combustion and gasification technology utilizing high-cycle regenerative air/steam preheater has drawn increased attention in many application areas. The process is to be realized at temperature level above ash melting point using highly preheated agent. The use of highly preheated media above 900degC provides additional energy to conversion processes and results in considerable changes to the design of combustion and gasification equipment and its performance. This paper presents an advanced gasification system that utilizes high-temperature air and steam to convert biomass and municipal wastes into syngas production as well as selected results from experimental studies of high temperature air/steam gasification.
Smart Grid in Practise - Implementation of the Billaterall Supply in Gdynia Trolleybus Network
- Mikołaj Bartłomiejczyk
2017
Since 2001, trolleybus system in Gdynia has been involved in many activities related to the reduction of power consumption, both in terms of implementation and research and development. In 2011 was introduced the first supercapacitor storage energy system. In PKT started applications of Smart Grid technologies in supply network: the bilateral supply. The paper presents results of these this novel investitions.
Smart grid technologies in electric traction: Mini inverter station
- Mikołaj Bartłomiejczyk
2017
The growing number of trams and trolleybuses equipped with recuperation systems contribute to the increase in the amount of energy recovered during braking. It raises questions about the possibility of its usage. One of such possibilities is the use of smart grid technology. The paper presents a case study of the use of braking energy in the trolleybus system for external loads by implementing mini inverter stations. Analysis is based on the measurement realized in Gdynia (Poland) trolleybus system.
Smart Innovation Engineering System - A Tool for Facilitating Product Innovation Process
- Edward Szczerbicki
- Mohammad Waris
- Cesar Sanin
2017 International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research
For the survival and prosperity of the manufacturing unit, entrepreneurs need to find out new ideas that can be implemented in the products leading to innovation. The current study employs a systematic approach for product innovation. In this approach past experiences based on innovation decisions are stored and recalled during the innovation problem solving process. Implementing this system in the process of product innovation enables entrepreneurs and organizations to take enhanced innovative decisions at appropriate time. The system grows and matures with time gaining increasingly more expertise in its domain as it stores information, knowledge, and data related to the past formal decision events.
Smart innovation process enhancement using SOEKS and decisional DNA
- Mohammad Waris
- Cesar Sanin
- Edward Szczerbicki
2017 Full text Journal of Information and Telecommunication
Product innovation always requires a foundation based on both knowledge and experience. The production and innovation process of products is very similar to the evolution process of humans. The genetic information of humans is stored in genes, chromosomes and DNA. Similarly, the information about the products can be stored in a system having virtual genes, chromosomes and decisional DNA (DDNA). The present paper proposes a semi-automatic system that facilitates product innovation process using a Smart Knowledge Management System comprising Set of Experience Knowledge Structure and DDNA. This system is called Smart Innovation Engineering System. Through this system, entrepreneurs and organizations will be able to perform the product innovation process technically and quickly, as it stores knowledge in the form of experiences of the past innovative decisions taken. This proposed system is dynamic in nature as it updates itself every time a decision is taken.
Smart Materials in Architecture: Useful Tools with Practical Applications or Fascinating Inventions for Experimental Design?
- Bogusława Konarzewska
2017 Full text IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
For at least several decades smart or so-called intelligent materials, being the result of great advancements in material engineering, appear in architecture in different applications. Most of them are called "smart" because of their inherent properties: a real-time response to environmental stimuli. There are also those considered to be "smart" due to smart design: their original structure or the composition of their materials are in nanoscale, providing them with unique properties. Colour changes, physical states, temperature or shape–always repeatable and reversible – make these materials attractive to architects, both from a visual and a practical point of view. Their spectacular applications often inspire architects, scientists and artists to create, for instance, city displays revealing various shapes and figures according to daily weather conditions; thermochromics urban seats that reflect peoples' presence; wallpaper with organic patterns that glow in darkness, and many others. On the other hand, more practical projects are being developed, such as "switchable" partition glass walls (that is, we can turn them on and they change their transparency while switching on or off: electrochromic glass is a good example). Other concepts include self-cleaning building envelopes; self-repairing concrete; phase-changing materials diminishing cooling loads in the buildings; energy-generating highways; materials that harden at the moment of impact thus withstanding exceptionally great forces; shape memory alloys playing the role of actuators-opening and - closing façade louvers or thin polymer films mimicking the function of living skin, adopted as a building envelope. All those projects result from the fascination of designers with the possibility to create materials and, in effect, a complex environment that is active, "flexible", and adapts to changing conditions and users' needs and is compatible with real, natural environments. Smart materials that serve this purpose make such projects not only more unique and beautiful but, as their inventors claim, their application may bring real environmental and financial gains in the future. This article presents the most crucial, selected examples of such materials and examines what benefits they could offer.
Smart Services supporting Drivers in Effective Cars Parking
- Henryk Krawczyk
- Michał Dudkiewicz
2017 Full text
The paper shows how to design and implement intelligent, service oriented systems for management of free places in distributed car parks. The idea of SOA technology is widely used. It is assumed that a state of every car park is automatically determined by a special electronic infrastructure including IoT solutions. The information received from such an infrastructure is sent to the main management system, which processes it and, on the basis of current knowledge, offers a set of smart services for drivers. In consequence, they can find a free place in the car park which is situated in the shortest distance from their destination. Dependability of smart services depends on basic information coming from such car park infrastructures. The most important decision is the one whether a place in a car park is free or occupied. Therefore, in the paper some experiments were carried out to evaluate the correctness of determining the occupancy of a particular car park lot. Moreover, the flexibility of the presented solution is also emphasized.
Social convergence in Nordic countries at regional level
- Marta Kuc-Czarnecka
2017 Full text EQUILIBRIUM Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Research background: Geographical proximity, common historical roots and collaboration within the Nordic Council cause the Nordic countries to be often wrongly treated as monoliths. However, in reality, Nordic regions differ in terms of broadly defined social and economic development. Issues concerning the standard of living are one of the priorities of the Helsinki Treaty signed by Nordic countries. Purpose of the article: The main goal of this paper is to analyze the existence of the social convergence in the Nordic NUTS-3 regions over the 2000–2015 period. The social convergence refers to a reduction in the dispersion of the standard of living across regions. The results of this analysis may be helpful in evaluating the efficiency of the activities under third and fourth Nordic Strategy for Sustainable Development. Methods: The spatial taxonomic measure of development proposed by Pietrzak was used as the standard of living approximation. Inclusion of spatial relationships in the construction of taxonomic measure of development is justified as regions are not isolated in space and can be affected by other units. The existence of beta-, sigma- and gamma convergence was tested for global spatial aggregate measure and as well for sub-groups of determinants forming the standard of living. Findings & Value added: The analysis showed that the regions with the highest standard of living are those situated on the west coast of Norway. Regions with the lowest standard of living were the ones located in central Finland. However, the most important part of this research was to investigate the existence of beta-, sigma- and gamma- social convergence. The results show that there is no convergence for global standard of living measure. However, the convergence occurs in groups of determinants of education and health care.
Social Convergence in Nordic NUTS-3 Regions
- Marta Kuc-Czarnecka
2017 Full text
Geographical proximity, common historical roots and collaboration within the Nordic Council make the Nordic countries, often wrongly treated as monoliths. However, in reality, Nordic regions differ in terms of broadly defined social and economic development. Issues concerning the standard of living are one of the priorities of the Helsinki Treaty signed by Nordic countries. The main goal of this paper is to analyze the existence of the social convergence in the Nordic NUTS-3 regions over the 2000-2015 period. The social convergence refers to a reduction in the dispersion of the standard of living across regions. Result of this analysis may be helpful in evaluating the efficiency of the activities under third and fourth Nordic Strategy for Sustainable Development. The spatial taxonomy measure of development proposed by Pietrzak was used as the standard of living approximation. Inclusion of spatial relationships in the construction of taxonomic measure of development is justified as regions are not isolated in space and can be affected by other units. The existence of beta-, sigma- and gamma convergence was tested for global spatial aggregate measure and as well for sub-groups of determinants forming the standard of living. The analysis showed that the regions with the highest standard of living are those situated on the west coast of Norway. Regions with the lowest standard of living were regions located in central Finland. However the most important part of this research was to investigate the existence of beta-, sigma- and gamma- social convergence. The results show that there is no convergence for global standard of living measure. However the convergence occurs in groups of determinants of education and health care.
Soft – Partial Frequency Reuse Method for LTE-A
- Sławomir Gajewski
2017 Full text RADIOENGINEERING
In the paper a novel SPFR frequency reuse method is proposed which can be used for improvement of physical resources utilization efficiency in LTE-A. The proposed method combines both SFR and PFR giving the possibility of more flexible use of frequency band in different regions of a cell. First, a short study on the problem of frequency reuse in cells is discussed including bibliography overview. In next section the principle of the proposed SPFR method is described. Then the simulation model is discussed and simulation parameters are expected. In the last part, results of simulation of SPFR efficiency in comparison to known frequency reuse methods are presented. Presented results include both capacity and throughput for single connection. The proposed method eliminates main disadvantages of both SFR and PFR methods and gives significantly greater capacity of radio interface in boundary region of cells.
Softwood-lignin/natural rubber composites containing novel plasticizing agent: Preparation and characterization
- Janusz Datta
- Paulina Parcheta
- Joanna Surówka
2017 Full text INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
Composite materials based on natural rubber were obtained by using glycerolysate (decomposition prod- uct of polyurethane) as a novel plasticizer. In order to determine the effect of various lignin content, four different filler amounts were used, namely, 5 phr (parts per 100 parts of natural rubber) of lignin (WLI5G), 10 phr (WLI10G), 20 phr (WLI20G), and 40 phr (WLI40G). The reference specimen without lignin (WLI0G) was also prepared. The resulting vulcanizates were analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to determine the chemical interaction between the lignin powder and the natural rubber chain. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of the cross-sections of the obtained materials was carried out to determine the adhesion between lignin and rubber. The results of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that the samples containing 5 and 10 phr of lignin had the best thermal properties. Also, the measured mechanical properties confirmed these findings.
Solid phase microextraction: state of the art, opportunities and applications
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Małgorzata Rutkowska
- Jacek Namieśnik
2017 Full text
Solid phase microextraction is one of the most popular green techniques used for sample preparations in analytical chemistry. It is a simple, rapid, sensitive, and solvent-free technique. Since SPME was first introduced in the early 1990s, there has been an intensification of research in order to elaborate new methodical solutions in many research facilities around the world, which could increase the use of this technique. More robust fiber assemblies and coatings with higher extraction efficiencies, selectivity and stability have been commercialized. Moreover, automation and on-line coupling to analytical instruments have been achieved in many applications. Furthermore, devices using tubes, needles or tips for extraction instead of a fiber have been designed. It also needs to be mentioned that improved calibration procedures have been developed to overcome existing limitations regarding quantitation. The numerous advantages of SPME means that it is almost universal, because it allows for the analysis of different samples in multiple physical states – liquid, gas and solid – often with very complex matrices, and it provides the determination of analytes at trace and ultra-trace levels. All those features make SPME a hot topic in the development of analytical chemistry and one of the most chosen techniques for sample preparation and analyte enrichment.
Solid road environment and its hazards
- Marcin Budzyński
- Tomasz Radzikowski
- Robert Zalewski
2017 Full text MATEC Web of Conferences
Accidents that involve vehicles departing the road tend to have very high severity, as they often result in the vehicle hitting a permanent obstacle (which can be a ree, a pole, facility pillar, front wall of a culvert or a barrier). In recent years, this type of accident caused approx. 19% of all road deaths in Poland. A particularly high risk can be observed on roads located in northern and western voivodships, with many avenues of trees along the roadside. The paper will present the major road user hazards and their locations, based on the example of detailed analyses conducted for the area of the Warminsko-Mazurskie voivodship in Poland. In the paper, the authors will also present measures that can be applied to improve the safety of road users by improving roads managed by local governments in Warminsko-Mazurskie.
Solvation of ionic liquids based on N-alkyl-N-methylmorpholinium cations in N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide – A volumetric and acoustic study
- Łukasz Marcinkowski
- Emil Szepiński
- Adam Kloskowski
- Jacek Namieśnik
- Dorota Warmińska
2017 JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
Apparent molar volumes and molar isentropic compressibilities for N-ethyl-N-methylmorpholinium and N-decyl-N-methylmorpholinium tetrafluoroborates in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) have been determined from density and speed of sound measurements over the temperature range T = (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15, 318.15 and 328.15) K at experimental pressure p = 0.1 MPa. This data has been used to calculate partial molar volumes and partial molar isentropic compressibilities at infinite dilution. The partial molar expansion coefficients and their secondary derivative have been estimated as well. The obtained results indicate that dimethyl sulfoxide interacts more effectively with ionic liquids studied than N,N-dimetylformamide and ion–ion interaction are stronger for N,N-dimetylformamide solutions than corresponding in dimethyl sulfoxide. Moreover the temperature dependence of the limiting apparent molar volumes and compressibilities is a result of temperature influence on the electrostriction effect, the ordering of a bulk solvent and number solvent molecules in the nearest presence of the salt.