Clenbuterol has been detected in urine of several athletes during routine doping control in the past years. Athletes claimed that the clenbuterol was ingested by eating contaminated meat. Providing analytical prove for this claim is difficult. clenbuterol consists of two enantiomers, R(-) and S(+)-clenbuterol. Currently available human and veterinary preparations were found to consist of a racemic mixture of both enantiomers. When clenbuterol is administered to animals this ratio may change in meat and other edible products of the animal. It is hypothized that consumption of contaminated meat with an altered ratio will also change the ratio in the urine of the athlete. To prove this a controlled human trial was permformed in which subjects were administered clenbuterol by ingestion of drug preparations or by eating contaminated meat and liver. Urine samples of the subjects were collected and analyzed with chiral LC-MS/MS and SFC-MS/MS methods to measure the ratio of R(-)- and S(+)-clenbuterol.
Authors
- Meijer Thijs,
- Maria K. Parr,
- Marco Blokland,
- Franz Liebetrau,
- Alexander Schmidt,
- Mijo Stanic,
- Emilia Waraksa link open in new tab ,
- dr inż. Dorota Kwiatkowska,
- Saskia Sterk
Additional information
- DOI
- Digital Object Identifier link open in new tab 10.18174/370325
- Category
- Aktywność konferencyjna
- Type
- publikacja w wydawnictwie zbiorowym recenzowanym (także w materiałach konferencyjnych)
- Language
- angielski
- Publication year
- 2016
