The purpose of this paper is to discuss the problem of changes of effectiveness of Kickuth-type constructed wetland with subsurface flow applied to domestic wastewater treatment. This study is based on an example of a wetland 3000 m2 in surface, serving 800 inhabitants, located in Poland. The results of chemical analysis showed that after an initial year of ‘start-up time’, the efficiency of pollutant removal gradually increased to reach an apex in the 6th year of operation. Such maximum efficiency continued up to the 10th year of operation; afterwards it gradually dropped. Moreover, after 12 years of operation, a serious problem with overland flow was observed, which indicated the porous media clogging processes.
Authors
- Zbigniew Mucha,
- Włodzimierz Wójcik,
- dr hab Krzysztof Jóźwiakowski,
- prof. dr hab. inż. Magdalena Gajewska link open in new tab
Additional information
- DOI
- Digital Object Identifier link open in new tab 10.1080/09593330.2017.1323014
- Category
- Publikacja w czasopiśmie
- Type
- artykuł w czasopiśmie wyróżnionym w JCR
- Language
- angielski
- Publication year
- 2018
