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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2017

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  • Transcriptomic responses to wounding: meta-analysis of gene expression microarray data
    • Piotr Sass
    • Michał Dąbrowski
    • Agata Charzyńska
    • Paweł Sachadyn
    2017 Full text BMC GENOMICS

    Background A vast amount of microarray data on transcriptomic response to injury has been collected so far. We designed the analysis in order to identify the genes displaying significant changes in expression after wounding in different organisms and tissues. This meta-analysis is the first study to compare gene expression profiles in response to wounding in as different tissues as heart, liver, skin, bones, and spinal cord, and species, including rat, mouse and human. Results We collected available microarray transcriptomic profiles obtained from different tissue injury experiments and selected the genes showing a minimum twofold change in expression in response to wounding in prevailing number of experiments for each of five wound healing stages we distinguished: haemostasis & early inflammation, inflammation, early repair, late repair and remodelling. During the initial phases after wounding, haemostasis & early inflammation and inflammation, the transcriptomic responses showed little consistency between different tissues and experiments. For the later phases, wound repair and remodelling, we identified a number of genes displaying similar transcriptional responses in all examined tissues. As revealed by ontological analyses, activation of certain pathways was rather specific for selected phases of wound healing, such as e.g. responses to vitamin D pronounced during inflammation. Conversely, we observed induction of genes encoding inflammatory agents and extracellular matrix proteins in all wound healing phases. Further, we selected several genes differentially upregulated throughout different stages of wound response, including established factors of wound healing in addition to those previously unreported in this context such as PTPRC and AQP4. Conclusions We found that transcriptomic responses to wounding showed similar traits in a diverse selection of tissues including skin, muscles, internal organs and nervous system. Notably, we distinguished transcriptional induction of inflammatory genes not only in the initial response to wounding, but also later, during wound repair and tissue remodelling.

  • TRANSFORMATION OF THE BANKING SECTOR AS AN ELEMENT OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN SOUTH-EAST EUROPE
    • Katarzyna Kubiszewska
    2017 Full text Optimum. Studia Ekonomiczne

    The issue of stability in economy is essential, both in theoretical as well as in practical discussion. It is especially important in an environment of economic transformation. The aim of the article is to assess the economic stability during the transformation of the south-east region of Europe over a period of 19 years (1996 – 2014), and the mutual relation between the economic stability and the transformation process, including the transformation of banking sectors. The countries selected to the research were Albania, Bosnia and Hercegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Romania and Serbia. The study shows the strong correlation between transformation process of economy and banking sectors and not more than moderate relationship between transformation and stability, in some of the studied countries. The methods used include a literature review of the theory on the transformation process with special focus on the Balkan region, as well as a comparative analysis of data, which addresses the progress of the economic and banking sector’s transformation and measures the macroeconomic stability in this region and Pearson correlation for assessing mutual impacts of the variables.

  • Transition curve with smoothed curvature at its ends for railway roads
    • Władysław Koc
    2017 Full text Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology (British Journal of Applied Science & Technology)

    In the paper, in view of a railway ballasted track, a new concept of transition curve of linear form of curvature along its length and smoothed extreme regions is presented. For this purpose use has been made of an original, universal method for identifying transition curves by means of differential equations. Some general curvature equations for three regions investigated have been determined to be followed by appropriate parametric formulae. The possibility of determining the rectangular coordinates by numerical integration has been indicated. Taking into consideration the criterion of practical execution, and on account of very small horizontal ordinates in the initial region, a suggestion is made to reduce the length of the extreme regions and for such a case some particular theoretical relations have been worked out.

  • Transmission Losses Spatial Analysis of the Supply System of Electrified Urban Transport Network
    • Mikołaj Bartłomiejczyk
    2017

    The paper presents mathematical model TOPSIS which was applied for MCDA benchmark of trolleybus supply system. Moreover, paper presents the novel method of transmission losses analysis in electrified urban transport system. Research work was based on measurements realized in Gdynia trolleybus network.

  • Transmission Quality Measurements in DAB+ Broadcast System
    • Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
    • Jacek Stefański
    2017 Full text Metrology and Measurement Systems

    In the age of digital media, delivering broadcast content to customers at an acceptable level of quality is one of the most challenging tasks. The most important factor is the efficient use of available resources, including bandwidth. An appropriate way of managing the digital multiplex is essential for both the economic and technical issues. In this paper we describe transmission quality measurements in the DAB+ broadcast system. We provide a methodology for analysing parameters and factors related with the efficiency and reliability of a digital radio link. We describe a laboratory stand that can be used for transmission quality assessment on a regional and national level.

  • Transparent nanocomposite coatings based on epoxy and layered double hydroxide: Nonisothermal cure kinetics and viscoelastic behavior assessments
    • Hadi Rastin
    • Mohammad Saeb
    • Milad Nonahal
    • Meisam Shabanian
    • Henri Vahabi
    • Krzysztof Formela
    • Xavier Gabrion
    • Farzad Seidi
    • Payam Zarrintaj
    • Morteza Sari
    • Pascal Laheurte
    2017 PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS

    Layered double hydroxide (LDH) has a particular place in clay family because of its flame retardant action. The nanoplatelet-like structure of LDH makes possible development of polymer composites with cationic or anionic nature structures in which macromolecules are positioned in between nanoplatelet galleries. In this work, neat epoxy and its transparent nanocomposite coatings with sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS)-modified LDHs; Mg-Al and Zn-Al LDHs, were prepared and their cure kinetics and viscoelastic behavior were tracked through nonisothermal calorimetric and dynamic mechanical analyses. The higher progression of crosslinking in the epoxy network was observed for epoxy/Zn-Al LDH nanocomposites, while activation energy of cure reaction took a higher value for Mg-Al LDH-incorporated systems. Moreover, epoxy/Mg-Al LDH system revealed higher value of storage modulus and glass transition temperature thanks to larger galleries of Mg-Al nanoplatelets. Network formation in the presence of SDBS-modified Zn-Al LDH nanoplatelets was facilitated due to the action of Zn metal as an adduct with a lone-pair of oxygen atom of epoxy leading to an enhanced epoxy ring-opening. Viscoelastic behavior of transparent coatings containing Zn-Al LDH and Mg-Al LDH was studied through temperature-sweep test at various frequencies to compare the results of calorimetric and thermo-mechanical analyses.

  • Transport deficiency is the molecular basis of Candida albicans resistance to antifungal oligopeptides
    • Marta Schielmann
    • Piotr Szweda
    • Katarzyna Magdalena Gucwa
    • Marcin Kawczyński
    • Maria Jolanta Milewska
    • Dorota Martynow
    • Joachim Morschhauser
    • Sławomir Milewski
    2017 Full text Frontiers in Microbiology

    (FMDP), an inhibitor of glucosamine-6-phosphate synthase, exhibited growth inhibitory activity against Candida albicans, with minimal inhibitory concentration values in the 0.05–50 mg/L range. Uptake by the peptide permeases was found to be the main factor limiting an anticandidal activity of these compounds. Di- and tripeptide containing FMDP (F2 and F3) were transported by Ptr2p/Ptr22p peptide transporters (PTR) and FMDP-containing hexa-, hepta-, and undecapeptide (F6, F7, and F11) were taken up by the oligopeptide transporters (OPT) oligopeptide permeases, preferably by Opt2p/Opt3p. A phenotypic, apparent resistance of C. albicans to FMDP-oligopeptides transported by OPT permeases was triggered by the environmental factors, whereas resistance to those taken up by the PTR system had a genetic basis. Anticandidal activity of longer FMDP-oligopeptides was strongly diminished in minimal media containing easily assimilated ammonium sulfate or L-glutamine as the nitrogen source, both known to downregulate expression of the OPT genes. All FMDP-oligopeptides tested were more active at lower pH and this effect was slightly more remarkable for peptides F6, F7, and F11, compared to F2 and F3. Formation of isolated colonies was observed inside the growth inhibitory zones induced by F2 and F3 but not inside those induced by F6, F7, and F11. The vast majority (98%) of those colonies did not originate from truly resistant cells. The true resistance of 2% of isolates was due to the impaired transport of di- and to a lower extent, tripeptides. The resistant cells did not exhibit a lower expression of PTR2, PTR22, or OPT1–3 genes, but mutations in the PTR2 gene resulting in T422H, A320S, D119V, and A320S substitutions in the amino acid sequence of Ptr2p were found.

  • Trendy na rynku książki w Polsce – wybrane aspekty
    • Anna Drapińska
    • Beata Liberadzka
    2017 Handel Wewnętrzny

    Rynek książki w większości państw na świecie boryka się z problemami. Trwające od kilku lat niekorzystne zmiany to efekt szybkich przemian technologicznych i cywilizacyjnych, rezultat brutalnych praktyk konkurencyjnych, a także spadku poziomu czytelnictwa. Niezbędne wydaje się podjęcie działań mających na celu poprawę sytuacji w obszarze tak ważnym pod względem rozwoju społeczno-kulturowego, ale i gospodarczego. Pierwszym krokiem w tym procesie jest postawienie odpowiedniej diagnozy sytuacji w tym zakresie. Celem artykułu jest charakterystyka i próba oceny zmian zachodzących na rynku książki w Polsce. Przedstawiono najważniejsze dane statystyczne dotyczące rynku książki, a także podjęto próbę identyfikacji przyczyn niekorzystnej sytuacji i działań prewencyjnych. Ze względu na ograniczoną dostępność, przytaczane i analizowane dane statystyczne dotyczące rynku książki pochodzą z różnych okresów badawczych.

  • Tripping limitations of residual current devices in photovoltaic installations
    • Stanisław Czapp
    • Seweryn Szultka
    2017

    In electrical installations with photovoltaic sources of energy, earth fault current may comprise alternating current component and direct current component. The waveform shape of this earth fault current mainly depends on the point of the fault and the properties of a photovoltaic power electronics converter. The waveform shape of the current influences operation of protection devices, especially tripping threshold of residual current devices. This paper considers the effect of the composite waveforms, which may flow in installations with photovoltaic sources of energy, on tripping threshold of residual current devices. Limitations and unexpected behaviour of these devices are discussed.

  • TRUSS JOINT WITH POSITIVE ECCENTRICITY EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH
    • Małgorzata Gordziej-Zagórowska
    • Elżbieta Urbańska-Galewska
    • Patryk Deniziak
    • Łukasz Pyrzowski
    2017 Full text Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

    Due to the technological reasons in modern lightweight steel trusses, fabricated from cold- formed sections, positive eccentricities appear in the truss nodes what induce additional forces in the truss chords. To account for the real load-carrying capacity of truss node area the steel structure research in scale 1:1 were conducted. The experiments consisted of two parts: preliminary and proper one, when conclusions from the first part were applied. Carrying out preliminary studies helped toidentify of the research station drawbacks and eliminate most of them, what ensure the appropriate research results. The initial numerical analysis were also conducted what was presented in the paper.

  • Trust Management Method for Wireless Sensor Networks
    • Alan Turower
    2017 Full text

    A Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a network of spatially distributed autonomous sensors to monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, pressure, etc. and to cooperatively pass their data to the main location. The first wireless network that bore any real resemblance to a modern WSN is the Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS), developed by the United States Military in the 1950s to detect and track Soviet submarines. Currently, WSN are viewed as one of the most important technologies for the 21st century [1]. European Union supports programmes connected with WSN utilization and China have involved WSNs in their national strategic research programmes [2]. The commercialization of WSNs are also being accelerated by companies [3]. As the WSN are part of variety complex systems, it become important to ensure security of these networks. Copying the best practices from the conventional networks is not practical as sensor nodes are subjected to severe limitations of their resources and cannot afford running sophisticated security mechanisms which are often significantly resource consuming. To cope with this problem, the concepts of trust and trustworthiness are employed. Trust management provides for distinguishing between trustworthy and untrustworthy nodes which enables collaborative decisions leading to isolation and exclusion of the nodes with a very low level of trust. It allows to improve the security of the network using fewer resources comparing to security mechanisms used in conventional networks. It this dissertation a new trust management method for distributed wireless sensor networks called WCT2M is presented and its performance analysed. It is explained how WCT2M works in the network applying the fully synchronized sleep scheduling pattern. Such networks were subjected to the analyses with the help of a specially created laboratory and a dedicated WCT2M simulator. The results of conducted experiments allow to ascertain, that the proposed method reliably and efficiently recognizes untrusted nodes and prevent information from these nodes to spread in the network, using reasonable amount of resources.

  • Trust, Tacit Knowledge Sharing, Project Performance and their Managerial Implications
    • Wioleta Kucharska
    • Rafał Kowalczyk
    • Maciej Kucharski
    2017

    Tacit Knowledge Sharing is increasingly attracting the attention of scientists and managers intrigued by their potential application for creating innovative solutions. Project management as a set of methodologies and best practices need to be charged by knowledge. The research problem tackled in this article refers to a current managerial problem regarding tacit knowledge sharing execution in project based organizations. The objective of the article is to examine the structure of relations between variables such as: Trust, Collaborative Culture, Creativity, Personal Branding, and Tacit Knowledge Sharing. This will allow us to investigate the mechanism of dependencies between the listed variables and diagnose factors which determine Tacit Knowledge Sharing. There are numerous scientific papers indirectly pointing to the relationship between these constructs; however, there isn’t a work which would present the above relationship directly in one model. For this purpose, authors conducted a study of 514 Polish professionals with different functions and experience in managing projects in the construction industry. The data collected during the study has been analyzed with an equal structural modelling method. The results indicate that the total effect of Tacit Knowledge Sharing on Project Performance is strongly mediated by Personal Branding and Creativity, and influenced by Trust and Collaborative Culture.

  • Trwałość spawanych instalacji wodnych wykonanych z nierdzewnych stali austenitycznych
    • Jerzy Łabanowski
    • Mateusz Jurkowski
    • Dariusz Fydrych
    • Grzegorz Rogalski
    2017 Full text Przegląd Spawalnictwa

    W artykule przedstawiono dwa przypadki przedwczesnych uszkodzeń spawanych instalacji wodnych wykonanych ze stali odpornych na korozję. W celu ustalenia przyczyn uszkodzenia instalacji przeprowadzono badania metalograficzne, makro - i mikroskopowe oraz mikroanalizę składu chemicznego EDS na próbkach pobranych z reprezentatywnych miejsc. Wykazano, że głównymi przyczynami awarii rurociągów wody pitnej były niezgodności spawalnicze, które przyczyniły się do korozyjnego uszkodzenia instalacji. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników sformułowano wnioski dotyczące przyczyn uszkodzenia odcinków rurociągów oraz zalecenia dotyczące trwałości spawanych instalacji wodociągowych ze stali nierdzewnych austenitycznych.

  • Tubular House - Form Follows Technology, Concrete Shell Structure with Inner Thermal Insulation
    • Robert Idem
    • Paweł Kleczek
    • Piotr Chudoba
    • Krzysztof Pawłowski
    2017

    The aim of this paper is the theoretical analysis of the possibilities and limitations of using an unconventional technology and the original architectural form stemming from it – the building with external construction and internal insulation. In Central European climatic conditions, the traditional solution for the walls of heated buildings relies on using external thermal insulation. This stems from building physics: it prevents interstitial condensation of water vapour in the wall. Internal insulation is used exceptionally. This is done e.g. in historical buildings undergoing thermal modernization (due to the impossibility of interfering with facade). In such cases, a thermal insulation layer is used on the internal wall surface, along with an additional layer of vapour barrier. The concept of building concerns the intentional usage of an internal insulation. In this case, the construction is a tight external reinforced concrete shell. The architectural form of such building is strongly interrelated with the technology, which was used to build it. The paper presents the essence of this concept in descriptive and drawing form. The basic elements of such building are described (the external construction, the internal insulation and ventilation). As a case study, authors present a project of a residential building along with the description of the applied materials and installation solutions, and the results obtained from thermal, humidity and energetic calculations. The discussion presents the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed concept. The basic advantage of this solution is potentially low building cost. This stems from minimizing the ground works, the simplicity of the joints and the outer finish, as well as from the possibility of prefabrication of the elements. The continuity of the thermal insulation allows to reduce the amount of thermal bridges. The applied technology and form are applicable most of all for small buildings, due to limited possibilities of lighting the interior. The disadvantage of this technology is low heat accumulation of walls. A building in the proposed technology requires constant, forced ventilation. Further theoretical and practical research towards applying this concept would be necessary.

  • Tuftsin-Properties and Analogs
    • Agnieszka Siebert
    • Monika Gensicka-Kowalewska
    • Grzegorz Cholewiński
    • Krystyna Dzierzbicka
    2017 Full text CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

    Immunomodulation is one of the significant therapeutic strategies. It includes both stimulation or suppression of the immune system by a variety of substances called immunomodulators, designed to regulate the immune response of the organism to infections of varying etiology. An example of such a substance is tuftsin (TKPA) 3 (Fig. (1)). Tuftsin is an endogenous immunomodulator of a wide spectrum of biological activity. Tetrapeptide 3 provides also antitumor, antimicrobial, anticoagulant and analgesic properties. In this paper, we presented tuftsin derivatives described over the years, its biological activity and potential clinical applications.

  • Turbiny parowe i gazowe
    • Natalia Szewczuk-Krypa
    2017

    Artykuł opisuje turbiny parowe i gazowe. Autorka przedstawia chronologię wynalezienia turbin ich zasadę działania i najważniejsze zastosowania. W pracy przedstawione zostały różnice między turbinami parowymi i gazowymi i wynikające z tego wady i zalety obu rozwiązań.

  • Turbomachinery - Background
    • Krzysztof Kosowski
    • Dariusz Mikielewicz
    • Jan Szantyr
    • Krzysztof Tesch
    • Adrian Kosowski
    2017

    The "Turbomachinery - Background" is the first part of a series of monographs devoted to different aspects of rotating machines. The book presents the main fundamentals which are necessary for the different problems of steam, gas, wind and water turbines as well as pumps, compressors and propellers which will discussed in detail in the subsequent parts of the series.

  • Two-criteria optimisation problem for ventral hernia repair
    • Czesław Szymczak
    • Izabela Lubowiecka
    • Katarzyna Szepietowska
    • Agnieszka Tomaszewska
    2017 Full text COMPUTER METHODS IN BIOMECHANICS AND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING

    Two-criteria optimisation problem related to laparoscopic ventral hernia repair is formulated in this paper. An optimal implant from a given set and its orientation is sought. The implant is subjected to kinematic extortions due to a patient’s body movement and intra-abdominal pressure. The first criterion of the optimisation problem deals with the reaction force in the implant fastener, while the deflection of the implant constitutes the second criterion. A two-stage optimization procedure is proposed and the optimal solution is determined with the aid of minimization of an additional objective function. Numerical examples for typical locations of hernia are provided.

  • Two-dimensional gas chromatography – principles and application in fruits analysis
    • Martyna Lubinska-Szczygeł
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    2017 World Scientific News

    Two-dimensional gas chromatography is a rapidly developing analytical technique. One of the major uses of this technique is its use for food analysis. The paper presents the principle of operation and history of this analytical technique. The specification of the two-dimensional gas chromatography technique has been discussed. The principles of separation of ingredients and application of the method, particularly in the analysis of food products, have also been described. A literature review was also done, presenting the use of two-dimensional gas chromatography for the analysis of fruit and fruit products.

  • Tworzenie miasta przyjaznego wszystkim
    • Marek Wysocki
    2017

    Tworzenie miasta przyjaznego wszystkim, to zadnie, które jest prawdopodobnie celem wszystkich włodarzy miejskich. Czy nie jest tak, że każdy chciałby w takim mieście zamiesz-kać? Jednak zadanie to jest dość trudne, bo wymaga pogodzenia wielu aspektów życia mieszkańców. Obecnie do zagadnień środowiskowych związanych z szeroko rozumianą ekologią dochodzi zagadnienie dostosowania przestrzeni zgodnie z zasadami projektowania uniwersalnego. Aby miasto stało się przyjazne wszystkim, zmiany przestrzenne powinny uwzględnić potrzeby grup mieszkańców narażonych na wykluczenie z lokalnej społeczności. Do takich osób należą osoby starsze i osoby z niepełnosprawnościami, dla których bariery w przestrzeni są przeszkodą w niezależnym funkcjonowaniu. W Polsce miastem, które wyróż-nia się pod względem dostępności przestrzeni jest Gdynia, która w 2016 roku uzyskała tytuł Lidera Dostępności. Tytuł jest wyróżnieniem za podejmowane działania w poprawie funkcjo-nowania osób z niepełnosprawnością. Władze Gdyni rozpoczęły te działania już w latach 90-tych ubiegłego wieku. Proces tworzenia miasta przyjaznego wszystkich jest procesem długo-trwałym i gdyby skupić się jedynie na problemie dostępności przestrzeni do potrzeb osób z ograniczoną sprawnością, to można zauważyć, że rozgrywa się on na kilku płaszczyznach: społecznej, prawnej i przestrzennej. Te trzy aspekty przewijają się cały czas w działaniach samorządowców w Gdyni. Artykuł przedstawia te trzy kompatybilne ze sobą sfery działań, skupiając się ze zrozumiałych przyczyn na działaniach w sferze poprawy dostępności prze-strzeni publicznych. Niemałą rolę odegrała w tych działaniach współpraca z Politechniką Gdańską, w ramach której śmiałe pomysły naukowców mogły znaleźć akceptację i zastoso-wanie w realnych działaniach miejskich. Przykład gdyński to swoista mapa drogowa działań jakie powinny podjąć miasta w kierunku stworzenia miasta przyjaznego wszystkim. W artyku-le zostały omówione dobre praktyki z realizacji działań zmierzających do stworzenia miasta przyjaznego wszystkim.