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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2017

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  • Cognitum Ontorion: Knowledge Representation and Reasoning System
    • Paweł Kapłański
    • Paweł Weichbroth
    2017

    At any point of human activity, knowledge and expertise are a key factors in understanding and solving any given problem. In present days, computer systems have the ability to support their users in an efficient and reliable way in gathering and processing knowledge. In this chapter we show how to use Cognitum Ontorion system in this areas. In first section, we identify emerging issues focused on how to represent and inference knowledge. Next, we briefly discuss models and methodology of agent-oriented system analysis and design. In the third section, the semantic knowledge management framework of the system is reviewed. Finally, we recapitulate by discussing the usability of Ontorion based on a case study, in which an instance of software process simulation modelling environment is executed and further discussed. In the last section, we provide future work directions and put forward final conclusions.

  • Co-Living or a “Sandpit” for Future Entrepreneurs. First Experience from Poland.
    • Magdalena Popowska
    2017 Full text Studia i Materiały Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Warszawski

    Nowadays, the Western world seems saturated with the myriad of enhancements for entrepreneurship development. Also, in Eastern European countries we observe a growing number of initiatives at different organizational levels, aiming at accompanying potential future entrepreneurs in their efforts. Meanwhile, there is one novelty, never before offered on the Polish market – the first co- -living space, launched in Gdañsk. Therefore, this article aims at presenting the idea of 4COs (co-living, co-working, co-habitation, co-development) initiated by a group of young social entrepreneurs from the Tricity as “Clipster” at the end of 2015. For better understanding of the novelty of this venture on the Polish market, the author analyzes similar initiatives worldwide. This paper is also an attempt to assess the challenges and results of this initiative thanks to the qualitative research methods – structured interviews with its first participants and with its leaders. Additionally, the author suggests some improvements and possible future developments of this initiative.

  • Collaborative Delivery by Energy-Sharing Low-Power Mobile Robots
    • Evangelos Bampas
    • Shantanu Das
    • Dariusz Dereniowski
    • Christina Karousatou
    2017

    We study two variants of delivery problems for mobile robots sharing energy. Each mobile robot can store at any given moment at most two units of energy, and whenever two robots are at the same location, they can transfer energy between each other, respecting the maximum capacity. The robots operate in a simple graph and initially each robot has two units of energy. A single edge traversal by an robot reduces its energy by one unit and the robot can only perform such move initially having at least one unit of energy. There are two distinguished nodes s and t in the graph and the goal for the robots is to deliver the package initially present on s to the node t. The package can be passed from one robot to another when they are colocated. In the first problem we study, the robots are initially placed at some given nodes of the graph and the question is whether the delivery is feasible. We prove that this problem is NP-complete. In the second problem, the initial positions of the robots are not fixed but a subset of nodes H of the graph is given as input together with an integer k, and the question is as follows: is there a placement of k robots at nodes in H such that the delivery is possible? We prove that this problem can be solved in polynomial time.

  • Collaborative urban studios in Poland. Teaching collective problem solving via live projects
    • Monika Arczyńska
    • Łukasz Pancewicz
    2017 Full text

    The requirements of contemporary architectural and urban design practice places a growing importance on the ability to generate new solutions to complex design challenges. Such an approach is particularly relevant in the context of contemporary urban projects in need of urban innovation and socially engaged practice, i.e. urban regeneration or street quality improvement projects. Meaningful involvement in such topics requires a high degree of interoperability between the designers and other experts, community collaboration as well as internal team work. Such collective work methodologies are also employed by companies working on creative projects, such as engineering consultancies1 . In the paper we summarise the Authors’ experience of developing, testing and running ‘collaborative urban studio’– courses for the first year Master level architecture students at Gdansk University of Technology, which aim to train future architects in working within the collective creative framework. The course is based on three underpinning principles: (1) there is no obvious solution to a given task, as the topic is usually a complex, nonstandard project and its scale is comparable with the professional commissions; (2) the course topic is based on a real-life case with a real client; (3) students are organised to work towards a jointly developed proposal. In order to meet this objective, the student teams need to organise their work through establishing their own management system, which must allow for continuous collaboration and mutual support. The success of ‘collaborative urban studio’ is based on setting up the components of a creative environment – room for asking and receiving help from colleagues, as well as pooling and exchanging own knowledge through team-based ‘reflective reframing’2 . Developing a real project helps to motivate students to collaborate closely, owing to the perception of agency. In the text, we detail the rationale for establishing a studio as well we share the observations of our work. The Gdansk project is currently one of the first, sustained efforts in Poland to run ‘live studio’ continuously at the faculty of architecture. Despite the organisational challenges, the selected formula helps to promote the achievements of collective architectural work in engaging with complex, urban projects.

  • Collagen and hyaluronic acid hydrogel in water-in-oil microemulsion delivery systems
    • Patrycja Szumała
    • Sylwia Czapiewska
    • Ilona Edyta Kłosowska-Chomiczewska
    2017 CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS

    The efficacy of microemul-sion in dermal and transdermal delivery of active ingredients. Here, we assessed the water-in-oilmicroemulsion capacity to incorporate two natural polymers, i.e. collagen and hyaluronic acid withlow and high molecular weight. Systems were extensively characterized in terms of conductivity, phaseinversion studies, droplet diameter, polydispersity index and rheological properties. The results of thisresearch indicate that the structure and extent of water phase in microemulsions is governed by ratioand amount of surfactant mixture (sorbitan ester derivatives). However, results have also shown thatcollagen, depending upon the weight of the molecule and its surface activity, influence the droplet sizeof the microemulsions. While the hyaluronic acid, especially with high molecular weight, due to thewater-binding ability and hydrogel formation alters the rheological properties of the microemulsion,thus providing viscous consistency of the formulation.

  • Collision-free network exploration
    • Jurek Czyzowicz
    • Dariusz Dereniowski
    • Leszek Gąsieniec
    • Ralf Klasing
    • Adrian Kosowski
    • Dominik Pająk
    2017 Full text JOURNAL OF COMPUTER AND SYSTEM SCIENCES

    Mobile agents start at different nodes of an n-node network. The agents synchronously move along the network edges in a collision-free way, i.e., in no round two agents may occupy the same node. An agent has no knowledge of the number and initial positions of other agents. We are looking for the shortest time required to reach a configuration in which each agent has visited all nodes and returned to its starting location. In the scenario when each mobile agent knows the map of the network, we provide tight (up to a constant factor) lower and upper bounds on the collision-free exploration time in arbitrary graphs, and the exact bound for the trees. In the second scenario, where the network is unknown to the agents, we propose collision-free exploration strategies running in O(n^2) rounds in tree networks and in O(n^5log⁡n) rounds in networks with an arbitrary topology.

  • Commercial function as a treat to the monument - 25 years of experience in the commercialization of monuments in Gdansk, Poland
    • Elżbieta Ratajczyk-Piątkowska
    2017 Full text

    The principles of the market economy adopted in Poland in the nineties have significantly touched the resources of immovable monuments. As a result, monuments have become a product of culture subject to the rules of the free market; and state ownership, patronage and decision-making practice has now been replaced by private interest. Practical monument use has also changed with the shift in ownership of objects after privatization and further advances in technology and the economy. Accordingly, the subject of this research addresses the issue of ensuring protection as well as the profitability of monumental objects of heritage under private investment in association with municipal and state ownership. The nineties of the twentieth century in Poland marked a period of rapid revival in trade based on market principles and openness to contemporary global trends in the design of commercial facilities. Thus, commercial function as a new use has been used for the commercialization of the monument. After 25 years of experience, it turns out that this new use may pose a threat to the conditions of monument preservation. The spatial and location specifics of the monument are poorly matched to the organizational form of trade and product range, despite the huge variety of these forms; the result is bankruptcy of the commercial operation and the consequent loss of use for the monument. Unused objects will eventually be destroyed. Studies have shown that functions supporting the creation of culture, especially museums, are optimal for the use of monuments. The museum function provides sufficiently high prestige and spatial stability, and allows for the maximum preservation of authentic elements, thus performing an additional role as museum piece.

  • Communication and Load Balancing Optimization for Finite Element Electromagnetic Simulations Using Multi-GPU Workstation
    • Adam Dziekoński
    • Piotr Sypek
    • Adam Lamęcki
    • Michał Mrozowski
    2017 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES

    This paper considers a method for accelerating finite-element simulations of electromagnetic problems on a workstation using graphics processing units (GPUs). The focus is on finite-element formulations using higher order elements and tetrahedral meshes that lead to sparse matrices too large to be dealt with on a typical workstation using direct methods. We discuss the problem of rapid matrix generation and assembly, as well as accelerating preconditioned iterative solvers in the context of limited on-board GPU memory, and we show how to mitigate some of these problems using multiple GPUs. We propose a new fast data-distribution technique for multi-GPU platforms that allows optimal splitting of finite-element method (FEM) matrices between graphics accelerators. The technique draws upon the graph partitioning approach used in nonoverlapping domaindecomposition methods and provides information that drives the FEM matrix-generation and assembly process in such a way that it produces data structures for each GPU; this not only ensures load balancing and minimizes communication between GPUs, but also reflects the hierarchy of the basis functions. The concepts proposed in this paper are illustrated with examples involving sparse matrices of up to 13.9 million rows and over a billion nonzero elements.

  • Company Culture, Knowledge Sharing and Organizational Performance. The Employee’s Perspective
    • Wioleta Kucharska
    • Anna Wildowicz-Giegiel
    2017

    Knowledge sharing, as a basic prerequisite for knowledge creation, is a dynamic social process characterized by profound human interactions. The process of knowledge sharing can be supported by organizational culture which is a set of values and norms giving identity to each enterprise. As a valuable element of intellectual capital, organizational culture contributes to achieving strategic business goals. The purpose of this article is to explore the impact of organizational culture, and its axiological, and behavioural dimensions, on knowledge sharing and company performance from the employee’s perspective. Human resources are the most critical assets for organizational performance. Their utility under the conditions of network organization depends on to a very high degree of the organizational culture that enhances loyalty, commitment and job satisfaction of employees, encourages knowledge sharing, and as a result, improves the overall organizational performance. The article aims at better understanding the relation between organizational culture dimensions and knowledge sharing and company performance from the employee point of view. For this purpose, the authors conducted a study among Polish employees with different roles and experiences across different industries. The data collected during the study has been analyzed using the equal structural modelling method.

  • COMPARATIVE ANALYSES OF INTERNATIONALIZATION OF KAZAKHSTAN ENTERPRISES
    • Inna Suchkova
    • Paweł Szmagliński
    • Jekaterina Kartasova
    2017 Full text Public Security and Public Order

    This paper presents the instruments of internationalization of enterprises operating within the Eurasian Economic Union. Research contains answers of 108 enterprises exporters located in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the paper is to show the main forms of the internationalization of enterprises in Kazakhstan. The paper also presents the following instruments of enterprises’ internationalization including: indirect export, direct export, cooperative export, assembly operations, management contracts, turnkey operations, contract manufacturing, licensing, franchising, international alliances cooperation, foreign branches and companies. We analyzed these forms of participation in international business enterprises from the Republic of Kazakhstan. The degree of internationalization of the Kazakh enterprises in relation to the Polish was compared. The basic factors of comparison taken into consideration: the directions of international expansion, dividing them into the countries included in the Eurasian Economic Union, the countries of Central and Eastern Europe, the countries of the European Union and others

  • Comparative analysis of coaxial magnetocumulative generators
    • Mirosław Wołoszyn
    • Kazimierz Jakubiuk
    • Paweł Zimny
    • Daniel Kowalak
    2017 Full text Archives of Electrical Engineering

    This paper presents the results of a computer simulation of coaxial magnetocumulative current generators (MCGs). The simulation tests were carried out for different values of the internal diameter, length and speed of the deformation of the MGP element.

  • COMPARATIVE NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT STRENGTHENING SYSTEMS OF HISTORICAL BRICK ARCHES
    • Monika Zielińska
    2017 Full text International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

    The article presents a comparative numerical analysis of various ways to strengthen historical brick arches. Five ways of strengthening brick arches with steel tie-rods have been proposed. Two of these involve the use of braces wrapped around pillars supporting the arch connected with a tie-rod; another two ways involve the use of the tie-rods with welded metal sheets of different sizes; the last way involves the use of the tie-rod glued with use of epoxy adhesive. The collected data were compared with the reference model of the arch left without any interference. The obtained results allow to evaluate the used methods' effectiveness by comparing displacements in the vertical and horizontal direction, and stresses. The article indicates the direction of proper planning and design of the arch strengthening in brick structures, which often occur in historical buildings.

  • Comparative Study of Machining Technology Selection to Manufacture Large-Size Components of Offshore Constructions
    • Mariusz Deja
    • Mieczysław Siemiątkowski
    • Piotr Sender
    2017 Full text Polish Maritime Research

    The focus of this paper is on process planning for large parts manufacture in systems of definite process capabilities, involving the use of multi-axis machining centres. The analysis of machining heavy mechanical components used in off-shore constructions has been carried out. Setup concepts applied and operation sequences determined in related process plans underwent studies. The paper presents in particular a reasoning approach to setup sequencing and machine assignment in manufacturing large-size components of offshore constructions. The relevant reasoning mechanism within a decision making scheme on generated process plan is shown based on a case study derived from the offshore sector. Recommendations for manufacture of selected exemplary and typical parts were formulated.

  • Comparative study of operation of condensing and traditional boilers equipped with ORC module for electricity generation
    • Dariusz Mikielewicz
    2017 Full text E3S Web of Conferences

    The study analyzed the operation of the "traditional" boiler equipped with the ORC module as the similar arrangement but with the condensing boiler. In the case of a conventional boiler there is noted a greater fuel consumption and the greater power generated than in the case of the unit with the condensing boiler. Postulated is the indicator in the form of a ratio of turbine power to the mass flow rate of fuel, which in turn gives a higher value for the condensing boiler. # 34$$4 # $%4 #$4 $5 3$ $ 4 " 4 $ % # # $6 637 8944 4 3 3 / $ " 3 $ 4 $ 3. $4$$3 4$$$ " "$ 3 4 $ 389434 4. "44:.893 3"#$ $4 Condensing technology applied to boilers is to make full use of thermal energy contained in the fuel. That means that additionaly the heat from condensation of exhaust gases can be used for the purposes of heating the domestic hot water and to cover the demand for central heating. The study analyzed the operation of the "traditional" boiler equipped with the ORC module as the similar arrangement but with the condensing boiler. In the case of a conventional boiler there is noted a greater fuel consumption and the greater power generated than in the case of the unit with the condensing boiler. Postulated is the indicator in the form of a ratio of turbine power to the mass flow rate of fuel, which in turn gives a higher value for the condensing boiler, thus demonstrating that the operation of condensing boiler ORC module will be more economical. Perspective domestic micro CHP with ORC should be installed in boilers with recovery of heat from condensation from the exhaust gases. # 34$$4 # $%4 #$4 $5 3$ $ 4 " 4 $ % # # $6 637 8944 4 3 3 / $ " 3 $ 4 $ 3. $4$$3 4$$$ " "$ 3 4 $ 389434 4. "44:.893 3"#$ $4 # 34$$4 # $%4 #$4 $5 3$ $ 4 " 4 $ % # # $6 637 8944 4 3 3 / $ " 3 $ 4 $ 3. $4$$3 4$$$ " "$ 3 4 $ 389434 4. "44:.893 3"#$ $4 $45

  • Comparative study of operation of condensing and traditional boilers equipped with the ORC module for electricity generation
    • Dariusz Mikielewicz
    • Jarosław Mikielewicz
    2017 EPJ Web of Conferences

    Condensing technology applied to boilers is to make full use of thermal energy contained in the fuel. That means that additionaly the heat from condensation of exhaust gases can be used for the purposes of heating the domestic hot water and to cover the demand for central heating. The study analyzed the operation of the "traditional" boiler equipped with the ORC module as the similar arrangement but with the condensing boiler. In the case of a conventional boiler there is noted a greater fuel consumption and the greater power generated than in the case of the unit with the condensing boiler. Postulated is the indicator in the form of a ratio of turbine power to the mass flow rate of fuel, which in turn gives a higher value for the condensing boiler, thus demonstrating that the operation of condensing boiler ORC module will be more economical. Perspective domestic micro CHP with ORC should be installed in boilers with recovery of heat from condensation from the exhaust gases.

  • Comparative Study of Self-Organizing Maps vs. Subjective Evaluation of Quality of Allophone Pronunciation for Nonnative English Speakers
    • Bożena Kostek
    • Magdalena Piotrowska
    • Andrzej Czyżewski
    2017

    The purpose of this study was to apply Self-Organizing Maps to differentiate between the correct and the incorrect allophone pronunciations and to compare the results with subjective evaluation. Recordings of a list of target words, containing selected allophones of English plosive consonants, the velar nasal and the lateral consonant, were made twice. First, the target words were read from the list by 9 non-native speakers and then repeated after a phonology expert’s recorded sample. Afterwards, two recorded signal sets were segmented into allophones and parameterized. For that purpose, a set of descriptors, commonly employed in music information retrieval, was utilized to determine whether they are effective in allophone analysis. The phonology expert’s task was to evaluate the pronunciation accuracy of each uttered allophone. Extracted feature vectors along with the assigned ratings were applied to SOMs.

  • Comparative Study of Taste Substance Sensing by Liquid Membrane Oscillator and Electrochemical Systems With All-Solid-State Electrodes
    • Maria Szpakowska
    • Ewa Marjańska
    • Otto Naggy
    2017 IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL

    In food industry, different types of sensors are used for characterizing and quantifying taste substances. Therefore, it is important to establish the principal advantages and disadvantages of these sensors for optimal application. In this paper, two possible systems are compared for sensing the four fundamental tastes: sour (citric acid), salty (sodium chloride), sweet (sucrose), and bitter (caffeine or quinine hydrochloride). One system is a bulk liquid membrane oscillator containing benzyldimethyltetradecylammonium chloride surfactant present during its transport in nitrobenzene membrane phase. The other system is based on all-solid–state electrode (ASSE) containing the same surfactant dissolved in polymer support. It was shown that the liquid membrane oscillator is significantly more sensitive to the presence of taste substances than the ASSE III system. Unfortunately, the functioning characteristics of this oscillator prevent it from steady, repetitive application in food quality control. On the other hand, ASSE III system shows remarkable stability on the long run. It was also found that a system composed of several ASSEs III, each containing different lipid compound, can distinguish successfully substances belonging to different taste classes. The obtained results suggest that such ASSEs III system can be used for food analysis.

  • COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TRADITIONAL AND VIRTUAL TEAMS
    • Beata Krawczyk-Bryłka
    2017 Full text TASK Quarterly

    The paper presents two kinds of cooperating teams: traditional and virtual, and proposes a new measure of the team virtuality level. Some representative teamwork characteristics, such as team member competencies, team diversity, leadership, and team decision-making are analyzed and compared depending on the degree of virtuality. Moreover, the team climate as one of the team performance measures is also analyzed and compared in virtual and traditional teamwork conditions. The considerations show that the virtuality level is crucial for virtual and face-to-face team comparison, virtual and hybrid team analysis and answering the question how to improve online collaboration processes and performance.

  • Comparing Phylogenetic Trees by Matching Nodes Using the Transfer Distance Between Partitions
    • Damian Bogdanowicz
    • Krzysztof Giaro
    2017 JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY

    Ability to quantify dissimilarity of different phylogenetic trees describing the relationship between the same group of taxa is required in various types of phylogenetic studies. For example, such metrics are used to assess the quality of phylogeny construction methods, to define optimization criteria in supertree building algorithms, or to find horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events. Among the set of metrics described so far in the literature, the most commonly used seems to be the Robinson–Foulds distance. In this article, we define a new metric for rooted trees—the Matching Pair (MP) distance. The MP metric uses the concept of the minimum-weight perfect matching in a complete bipartite graph constructed from partitions of all pairs of leaves of the compared phylogenetic trees. We analyze the properties of the MP metric and present computational experiments showing its potential applicability in tasks related to finding the HGT events.

  • Comparing the Effectiveness of ANNs and SVMs in Forecasting the Impact of Traffic-Induced Vibrations on Building
    • Anna Jakubczyk-Gałczyńska
    • Adam Kristowski
    • Robert Jankowski
    2017

    Traffic - induced vibrations may cause damage to structural elements and may even lead to structural collapse. The aim of the article is to compare the effectiveness of algorithms in forecasting the impact of vibrations on buildings using the Machine Learning (ML) methods. The paper presents two alternative approaches by using Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) and Support Vector Machines (SVMs). Factors that may affect traffic-induced vibrations, such as distance, type of soil, building condition, condition of the road surface and type of the vehicle, were adopted. The analysis was performed according to the standard PN-85 B-02170. The results of both analysed methods are similar. However, after a thorough analysis, it turned out that the SVMs method is more reliable, since more cases were classified correctly. Anyway, the results show that methods of ML might be a good tool to estimate the impact of traffic-induced vibrations on residential buildings.