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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2020

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  • Ambisoniczna mapa wybranych miejsc w Trójmieście
    • Cezary Pietrzak
    • Piotr Odya
    2020 Full text

    Projekt miał na celu stworzenie ambisonicznej mapy Trójmiasta w formie aplikacji internetowej. Materiały wideo w technologii 360 z dźwiękiem w postaci sygnału ambisonicznego zostały zarejestrowane w lokalizacjach Trójmiasta, które uznano za charakterystyczne dla tej aglomeracji. Celem badawczym projektu było porównanie dostępnych algorytmów miksowania sygnałów ambisonicznych poprzez przeprowadzenie testów odsłuchowych. Przeprowadzono test porównań parami, aby uzyskać informacje o preferencjach odnośnie występowania w nagraniach ambisonicznych dodatkowego podkładu stereo oraz jego poziomu głośności. W drugim z testów zbada-no jaki wpływ na odbiór nagrania ambisonicznego ma sposób oraz stopień jego przetwarzania. Wnioski otrzymane poprzez analizę wyników obu testów posłużyły jako wskazówki przy post-produkcji nagrań. Otrzymane materiały zostały zamieszczone na interaktywnej mapie w aplikacji internetowej.

  • Ammonia amendment promotes high rate lactate production and recovery from semi-continuous food waste fermentation
    • Author links open overlay panelWenjuan Zhang
    • Xiang Li
    • Ya He
    • Xianbao Xu
    • Hong Chen
    • Ai Zhang
    • Yanan Liu
    • Gang Xue
    • Jacek Mąkinia
    2020 BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY

    In this study, a reliable approach using ammonia nitrogen was proposed to increase lactate production during semi-continuous food waste (FW) fermentation under mesophilic conditions. Both free ammonia nitrogen (FAN) and ammonium ion (NH4+-N) were present in mesophilic reactors, with a wide FAN/NH4+-N ratio variation due to the intermittent pH control. The investigation of responsible mechanisms revealed that the increased production yield of LA was associated with the acceleration of solubilization, hydrolysis, glycolysis and acidification. The presence of FAN and NH4+-N in proper concentrations increased lactate production by 2.4 folds and recovered lactate production to 24.5 g COD/L from low rate control reactor (9.6 g COD/L) under mesophilic conditions. Furthermore, the microorganisms responsible for LA accumulation (Bavariicoccus, Enterococcus, Bifidobacterium and Corynebacterium) were selectively enriched, and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways associated with carbohydrate transport and LA production were enhanced in nitrogen fed reactors.

  • Ammonia Gas Sensors: Comparison of Solid-State and Optical Methods
    • Zbigniew Bielecki
    • Tadeusz Stacewicz
    • Janusz Smulko
    • Jacek Wojtas
    2020 Full text Applied Sciences-Basel

    High precision and fast measurement of gas concentrations is important for both understanding and monitoring various phenomena, from industrial and environmental to medical and scientific applications. This article deals with the recent progress in ammonia detection using in-situ solid-state and optical methods. Due to the continuous progress in material engineering and optoelectronic technologies, these methods are among the most perceptive because of their advantages in a specific application. We present the basics of each technique, their performance limits, and the possibility of further development. The practical implementations of representative examples are described in detail. Finally, we present a performance comparison of selected practical application, accumulating data reported over the preceding decade, and conclude from this comparison.

  • An ANN-Based Approach for Prediction of Sufficient Seismic Gap between Adjacent Buildings Prone to Earthquake-Induced Pounding
    • Seyed Mohammad Khatami
    • Hosein Naderpour
    • Seyed Mohammad Nazem Razavi
    • Carneiro Rui Barros
    • Barbara Sołtysik
    • Robert Jankowski
    2020 Full text Applied Sciences-Basel

    Earthquake-induced structural pounding may cause major damages to structures, and therefore it should be prevented. This study is focused on using an artificial neural network (ANN) method to determine the sufficient seismic gap in order to avoid collisions between two adjacent buildings during seismic excitations. Six lumped mass models of structures with a different number of stories (from one to six) have been considered in the study. The earthquake characteristics and the parameters of buildings have been defined as inputs in the ANN analysis. The required seismic gap preventing pounding has been firstly determined for specified structural arrangements and earthquake records. In order to validate the method for other structural parameters, the study has been further extended for buildings with different values of height, mass, and stiffness of each story. Finally, the parametric analysis has been conducted for various earthquakes scaled to different values of the peak ground acceleration (PGA). The results of the verification and validation analyses indicate that the determined seismic gaps are large enough to prevent structural collisions, and they are just appropriate for all different structural arrangements, seismic excitations, and structural parameters. The results of the parametric analysis show that the increase in the PGA of earthquake records leads to a substantial, nearly uniform, increase in the required seismic gap between structures. The above conclusions clearly indicate that the ANN method can be successfully used to determine the minimal distance between two adjacent buildings preventing their collisions during different seismic excitations.

  • An approach to constructing genuinely entangled subspaces of maximal dimension
    • Maciej Demianowicz
    • Remigiusz Augusiak
    2020 Full text Quantum Information Processing

    Genuinely entangled subspaces (GESs) are the class of completely entangled subspaces that contain only genuinely multiparty entangled states. They constitute a particularly useful notion in the theory of entanglement but also have found an application, for instance, in quantum error correction and cryptography. In a recent study (Demianowicz and Augusiak in Phys Rev A 98:012313, 2018), we have shown how GESs can be efficiently constructed in any multiparty scenario from the so-called unextendible product bases. The provided subspaces, however, are not of maximal allowable dimensions, and our aim here is to put forward an approach to building such. The method is illustrated with few examples in small systems. Connections with other mathematical problems, such as spaces of matrices of equal rank and the numerical range, are discussed.

  • An Approximation of the Zero Error Capacity by a Greedy Algorithm.
    • Marcin Jurkiewicz
    2020

    We present a greedy algorithm that determines a lower bound on the zero error capacity. The algorithm has many new advantages, e.g., it does not store a whole product graph in a computer memory and it uses the so-called distributions in all dimensions to get a better approximation of the zero error capacity. We also show an additional application of our algorithm.

  • An Approximation of the Zero Error Capacity by a Greedy Algorithm
    • Marcin Jurkiewicz
    2020

    We present a greedy algorithm that determines a lower bound on the zero error capacity. The algorithm has many new advantages, e.g., it does not store a whole product graph in a computer memory and it uses the so-called distributions in all dimensions to get a better approximation of the zero error capacity. We also show an additional application of our algorithm.

  • An Aqueous Exfoliation of WO3 as a Route for Counterions Fabrication—Improved Photocatalytic and Capacitive Properties of Polyaniline/WO3Composite
    • Mariusz Szkoda
    • Zuzanna Zarach
    • Konrad Trzciński
    • Andrzej Nowak
    2020 Full text Materials

    In this paper, we demonstrate a novel, electrochemical route of polyaniline/tungsten oxide (PANI)/WO3) film preparation. Polyaniline composite film was electrodeposited on the FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) substrate from the aqueous electrolyte that contained aniline (monomer) and exfoliated WO3 as a source of counter ions. The chemical nature of WO3 incorporated in the polyaniline matrix was investigated using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. SEM (scanning electron microscopy) showed the impact of WO3 presence on the morphology of polyaniline film. PANI/WO3 film was tested as an electrode material in an acidic electrolyte. Performed measurements showed the electroactivity of both components and enhanced electrochemical stability of PANI/WO3 in comparison with PANI/Cl. Thus, PANI/WO3 electrodes were utilized to construct the symmetric supercapacitors. The impact of capacitive and diffusion-controlled processes on the mechanism of electrical energy storage was quantitatively determined. Devices exhibited high electrochemical capacity of 135 mF cm−2 (180 F g−1) and satisfactory retention rate of 70% after 10,000 cycles. The electrochemical energy storage device exhibited 1075.6 W kg−1 of power density and 12.25 Wh kg−1 of energy density. We also investigated the photocatalytic performance of the deposited film. Photodegradation efficiencies of methylene blue and methyl orange using PANI/WO3 and PANI/Cl were compared. The mechanism of dye degradation using WO3-containing films was investigated in the presence of scavengers. Significantly higher efficiency of photodecomposition of dyes was achieved for composite films (84% and 86%) in comparison with PANI/Cl (32% and 39%) for methylene blue and methyl orange, respectively.

  • An Automatic Self-Tuning Control System Design for an Inverted Pendulum
    • Michał Waszak
    • Rafał Łangowski
    2020 Full text IEEE Access

    A control problem of an inverted pendulum in the presence of parametric uncertainty has been investigated in this paper. In particular, synthesis and implementation of an automatic self-tuning regulator for a real inverted pendulum have been given. The main cores of the control system are a swing-up control method and a stabilisation regulator. The first one is based on the energy of an inverted pendulum, whereas the second one uses the linear-quadratic regulator (LQR). Because not all of the inverted pendulum parameter values are exactly known an automatic self-tuning mechanism for designed control system has been proposed. It bases on a devised procedure for identifying parameters. The entire derived control system enables effective a pendulum swing-up and its stabilisation at an upper position. The performance of the proposed control system has been validated by simulation in Matlab/Simulink environment with the use of the inverted pendulum model as well as through experimental works using the constructed inverted pendulum on a cart.

  • An Easy and Ecological Method of Obtaining Hydrated and Non-Crystalline WO3−x for Application in Supercapacitors
    • Mariusz Szkoda
    • Zuzanna Zarach
    • Konrad Trzciński
    • Grzegorz Trykowski
    • Andrzej Nowak
    2020 Full text Materials

    In this work, we report the synthesis of hydrated and non-crystalline WO3 flakes (WO3−x) via an environmentally friendly and facile water-based strategy. This method is described, in the literature, as exfoliation, however, based on the results obtained, we cannot say unequivocally that we have obtained an exfoliated material. Nevertheless, the proposed modification procedure clearly affects the morphology of WO3 and leads to loss of crystallinity of the material. TEM techniques confirmed that the process leads to the formation of WO3 flakes of a few nanometers in thickness. X-ray diffractograms affirmed the poor crystallinity of the flakes, while spectroscopic methods showed that the materials after exfoliation were abundant with the surface groups. The thin film of hydrated and non-crystalline WO3 exhibits a seven times higher specific capacitance (Cs) in an aqueous electrolyte than bulk WO3 and shows an outstanding long-term cycling stability with a capacitance retention of 92% after 1000 chronopotentiometric cycles in the three-electrode system. In the two-electrode system, hydrated WO3−x shows a Cs of 122 F g−1 at a current density of 0.5 A g−1. The developed supercapacitor shows an energy density of 60 Whkg−1 and power density of 803 Wkg−1 with a decrease of 16% in Csp after 10,000 cycles. On the other hand, WO3−x is characterized by inferior properties as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries compared to bulk WO3. Lithium ions intercalate into a WO3 crystal framework and occupy trigonal cavity sites during the electrochemical polarization. If there is no regular layer structure, as in the case of the hydrated and non-crystalline WO3, the insertion of lithium ions between WO3 layers is not possible. Thus, in the case of a non-aqueous electrolyte, the specific capacity of the hydrated and non-crystalline WO3 electrode material is much lower in comparison with the specific capacity of the bulk WO3-based anode material

  • An Efficient Simulation Method of Massive MIMO Antenna Arrays used in 5G Mobile Phones
    • Damian Szypulski
    • Grzegorz Fotyga
    • Michał Mrozowski
    2020 Full text

    This paper deals with a model-order reduction method, applied to speed-up the simulations of MIMO antenna arrays, performed by means of finite element method. The obtained results of the numerical tests show that the described technique is reliable and considerably increases the efficiency of the standard finite element method.

  • An enhanced method in predicting tensile behaviour of corroded thick steel plate specimens by using random field approach
    • Krzysztof Wołoszyk
    • Yordan Garbatov
    2020 Full text OCEAN ENGINEERING

    The present work investigates the possibility of using random field techniques in modelling the mechanical behaviour of corroded thick steel plate specimens. The nonlinear Finite Element method, employing the explicit dynamic solver, is used to analyse the mechanical properties of typical specimens. A material model considering full nonlinearity is used to evaluate the stress-strain response. The influence of major governing parameters of both specimen dimensions and random field is investigated through the sensitivity analysis. In order to validate the proposed methodology, results are compared with available experimental data showing an excellent agreement in both mechanical properties and stress-strain relationships. Additionally, the conclusion is made that the irregularities in the corroded surface are the main factor resulting in the decrease of mechanical properties. In this way, random field modelling appeared to be a practical and fast technique for modelling the corroded surfaces of steel structures in analysing their structural behaviour.

  • An integral-differential method for impedance determination of the hydrogen oxidation process in the presence of carbon monoxide in the proton exchange membrane fuel cell
    • Kazimierz Darowicki
    • Łukasz Gaweł
    • Michał Mielniczek
    • Ewa Janicka
    • Artur Zieliński
    • Jens Mitzel
    • Jurgen Hunger
    2020 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY

    The impedance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell powered by hydrogen contaminated with carbon monoxide, ranging from 150 to 300 ppb, is measured and discussed. The tested range of CO concentration complied with the fuel standard specified in the ISO standards. Studies of influence of CO contamination on operation of PEMFC are crucial for further development and commercialization of fuel cells for automotive applications. Based on the measurements made by Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (DEIS), changes in the cell impedance as a function of time were determined. An innovative integral-differential methodology for the analysis of chrono-impedance diagrams was developed, which enabled the extraction of the impedance spectra describing the anodic processes. This way of analysis is completely novel and original and it was not presented before in literature. The ability to monitor and diagnose the anode's operation under real operation conditions is demonstrated. The reversibility of the CO adsorption process and the loss of anode catalytic activity were verified. All this issues were not possible to be studied before with the use of classic impedance measurements.

  • An LC-MS/MS Method for a Comprehensive Determination of Metabolites of BTEX Anaerobic Degradation in Bacterial Cultures and Groundwater
    • Simon Godin
    • Paweł Kubica
    • Anthony Ranchou-Peyruse
    • Isabelle Le Hecho
    • Delphine Patriarche
    • Guilhem Caumette
    • Joanna Szpunar
    • Ryszard Lobinski
    2020 Full text Water

    BTEX (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and the different xylene isomers), known for carcinogenic and neurotoxic effects, are common environmental contaminants. The first step for the development of the bioremediation technologies is the detection of intense microbial degradation in contaminated waters in the quest for the most active bacterial strains. This requires the multispecies analysis for BTEX metabolites which are considered as markers of microbial degradation. A direct (50 µL injection) HPLC–electrospray MS/MS analytical method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of 11 BTEX metabolites (o-, m-, p-toluic, salicylic, benzoate, benzyl, and phenyl succinic acids, 2-(1-phenylethyl)-, 2-(2-methylbenzyl), and 2-(3-methylbenzyl)-, 2-(4-methyl benzyl)-succinic acids) in bacterial cultures and ground waters down to 0.1 ng/mL. The optimization of the chromatographic conditions allowed for the resolution of position isomers of toluic and methylbenzyl-succinic acids. The stability of the analytes during sample storage tested in different conditions showed the instability of some of them when stored at room temperature. The feasibility of the method was demonstrated by the detection of all the investigated metabolites in a water sample of a deep aquifer hosting natural gas storage. A model laboratory study emphasized the importance of 2-(2-methylbenzyl)-succinic acid as a marker of anaerobic microbial degradation.

  • Analiza bibliometryczna w badaniach dotyczących prognozowania upadłości przedsiębiorstw w Polsce
    • Błażej Prusak
    2020

    Celem opracowania jest ukazanie obrazu piśmiennictwa poświęconego zagadnieniom prognozowania upadłości przedsiębiorstw w Polsce. Jako metodę badawczą zastosowano analizę bibliometryczną. Do analizy wykorzystano bazę Google Scholar oraz narzędzie Publish or Perish 7. Okresem badań objęto lata 1995– 2019. Jako frazy do wyszukiwania publikacji zastosowano: „prognozowanie upadłości”, „prognozowanie zagrożenia finansowego”, „systemy wczesnego ostrzegania”. Z analizy wynika, że tylko kilka publikacji uzyskało liczbę cytowań powyżej 100, a kilkanaście powyżej 50. Wiele opracowań charakteryzuje się niskim poziomem cytowalności. Liczba cytowanych publikacji z tego obszaru badawczego rosła od początku okresu analizy do lat 2012–2014 w zależności od przyjętej frazy a następnie malała. Jako ostateczny wynik badań ukazano ranking najbardziej cytowanych publikacji dotyczących prognozowania upadłości przedsiębiorstw w Polsce, co może być pomocne przy opracowywaniu analizy literatury podczas przygotowywania publikacji dotyczących prognozowania upadłości przedsiębiorstw.

  • Analiza danych pomiarowych na potrzeby obrazowania optyczną tomografią koherentną
    • Jerzy Pluciński
    2020

    W rozdziale omówiono wybrane aspekty związane z analizą danych pomiarowych na potrzeby obrazowania metodą optycznej tomografii koherentnej. Przedstawiono podstawowe zależności umożliwiające obrazowanie tkanek na podstawie analizy promieniowania wstecznie rozproszonego, mierzonego przez systemy OCT pracujące w dziedzinie czasu (TD-OCT) lub w dziedzinie częstotliwości (FD-OCT). Pokazano, że wykorzystując zaawansowane przetwarzanie sygnałów w funkcjonalnych systemach OCT, możliwe jest również obrazowanie również innych właściwości tkanek niż te, które wynikają bezpośrednio z właściwości rozpraszających. W szczególności omówiono dopplerowskie systemy OCT (D-OCT), systemy OCT czułe na stan polaryzacji (PS-OCT), spektroskopowe systemy OCT (S-OCT) oraz systemy pozwalające na optyczną elastografię koherentną (systemy OCE).

  • Analiza doboru parametrów pogłębiarki ssącej nasiębiernej
    • Damian Bocheński
    2020 Full text Journal of Polish CIMEEAC

    Artykuł przedstawia analizę doboru parametrów pogłębiarek ssących nasiębiernych. Do najważniejszych parametrów charakteryzujących pogłębiarki ssące nasiębierne należą pojemność ładowni gruntowej, prędkość pływania pogłębiarki oraz parametry instalacji pogłębiarskiej. Zaproponowano w analizie doboru tych parametrów zmienność kilku zmiennych ściśle związanych z doborem pogłębiarki, jest to czas załadunku i rozładunku oraz czas trwania przemieszczania się pogłębiarki pomiędzy miejscami załadunku i rozładunku. Przedstawiono wyniki obliczeń i sposób ich wykorzystania w procesie doboru parametrów pogłębiarki ssącej nasiębiernej.

  • Analiza dwóch zatorów lodowych wraz z przedstawieniem sposobów ochrony przed ich skutkami
    • Małgorzata Bratnikow
    2020

    W Polsce podczas zimy tworzą się różnego rodzaju zjawiska lodowe. Zalicza się do nich między innymi zatory lodowe. Mogą one stwarzać zagrożenie dla ludzi, czego przykładem mogą być zatory lodowe, które mogą wywołać powodzie zatorowe. Jednakże istnieją sposoby ograniczania negatywnych skutków tych zjawisk. W pracy omówiono formy lodowe przyczyniające się do tworzenia zatorów lodowych. Przedstawiono również dwa zatory lodowe, jeden w Pucku z roku 2010 oraz drugi z Elbląga z 2012 roku. Po omówieniu warunków wystąpienia tych zatorów lodowych przedstawione zostały wybrane sposoby zapobiegania ich skutkom.

  • Analiza funkcjonalnych właściwości innowacyjnych klejów modyfikowanych związkami cynku.
    • Robert Tylingo
    • Szymon Mania
    • Adrianna Banach
    2020

    Przedmiotem projektu było określenie aktywności wybranych związków cynku oraz klejów z ich dodatkiem w funkcji stężenia. Określono także wpływ modyfikacji klejów związkami cynku na właściwości reologiczne oraz wytrzymałość tworzonych połączeń papierowych.

  • Analiza ilościowa technologiczności konstrukcji oprzyrządowania obróbkowego - studium przypadku
    • Adam Barylski
    2020

    Omówiono ilościową metodę oceny technologiczności konstrukcji oprzyrządowania obróbkowego. Przedstawiono przykład oceny technologiczności zaprojektowanych trzech wersji uchwytów wiertarskich w procesie technologicznym części klasy dźwignia