2020 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2020

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Toolchain Modeling: Comprehensive Engineering Plans for Industry 4.0
- Geza Kulcsar
- Marek Tatara
- Federico Montori
2020 Full text
The fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) elevates the complexity and autonomy of industrial systems and engineering environments to levels not seen before. The novel challenges involve not only the software running on the partaking autonomous devices, but also architectural considerations and the technological infrastructure around the entire engineering process. In this paper, complementing the trends in industrial systems design, we propose an approach to toolchain modeling, i.e. an integrated specification for the interoperability of tools along with the holistic architectural framework, designed in the context of the Arrowhead Framework. In particular, we propose an intuitive, yet founded definition for toolchains and their mappings to a versatile engineering process model. Those definitions then serve as a basis for proposing our comprehensive toolchain modeling approach. The methodology is demonstrated using (simplified) real-world engineering case studies based on the Arrowhead Framework and platform.
Topological degree for equivariant gradient perturbations of an unbounded self-adjoint operator in Hilbert space
- Piotr Bartłomiejczyk
- Bartosz Kamedulski
- Piotr Nowak-Przygodzki
2020 Full text TOPOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
We present a version of the equivariant gradient degree defined for equivariant gradient perturbations of an equivariant unbounded self-adjoint operator with purely discrete spectrum in Hilbert space. Two possible applications are discussed.
Torsional stability capacity of a nano-composite shell based on a nonlocal strain gradient shell model under a three-dimensional magnetic field
- Mohammad Malikan
- Maxim Krasheninnikov
- Victor Eremeev
2020 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE
This paper considers a single-walled composite nano-shell (SWCNS) exposed in a torsional critical stability situation. As the magnetic field affects remarkably nanostructures in the small size, a three-dimensional magnetic field is assessed which contains magnetic effects along the circumferential, radial and axial coordinates system. Based on the results of the nonlocal model of strain gradient small-scale approach and the first-order shear deformation shell theory (FSDST), the problem is estimated. Afterward, the numerical results are taken analytically and compared with other existing literature. Hereafter, the influences of various factors, such as the magnetic field, are discussed deeply. It is observed that when the magnetic field is studied in three dimensions, the transverse magnetic effect is the most serious factor that affects fundamentally the torsional stability of the shell.
Total cross section measurements for electron scattering from tin(IV) chloride (SnCl4)
- Paweł Możejko
- Sylwia Stefanowska-Tur
- Elżbieta Ptasińska-Denga
- Czesław Szmytkowski
2020 Full text Journal of Physics : Conference Series
Total cross section for electron scattering from SnCl4 molecules has been measured for energies from 0.6 to 300 eV. Obtained results have been compared with total cross sections for electron scattering from other tetrachloride molecules: XCl4 where X=C, Si, Ge.
Toward Robust Pedestrian Detection With Data Augmentation
- Sebastian Cygert
- Andrzej Czyżewski
2020 Full text IEEE Access
In this article, the problem of creating a safe pedestrian detection model that can operate in the real world is tackled. While recent advances have led to significantly improved detection accuracy on various benchmarks, existing deep learning models are vulnerable to invisible to the human eye changes in the input image which raises concerns about its safety. A popular and simple technique for improving robustness is using data augmentation. In this work, the robustness of existing data augmentation techniques is evaluated to propose a new simple augmentation scheme where during training, an image is combined with a patch of a stylized version of that image. Evaluation of pedestrian detection models robustness and uncertainty calibration under naturally occurring corruption and in realistic cross-dataset evaluation setting is conducted to show that our proposed solution improves upon previous work. In this paper, the importance of testing the robustness of recognition models is emphasized and it shows a simple way to improve it, which is a step towards creating robust pedestrian and object detection models.
Towards a Lightweight Approach for the Evaluation of Requirements Engineering Impact on Other IT Project Areas
- Aleksander Jarzębowicz
- Katarzyna Poniatowska
2020 Full text
Requirements Engineering (RE) is recognized as one of the most important, but difficult areas of software engineering, with a significant impact on other areas of the IT project and its final outcome. The empirical studies investigating this impact are hard to conduct, mainly due to large effort required. It is thus difficult for researchers and even more for industry practitioners to make evidence-based evaluations, how decisions about RE (e.g. RE process improvements, RE techniques selection) translate into requirements quality and influence other project areas. We propose an idea of a lightweight approach, utilizing the popular tools adopted by numerous software companies, to enable such evaluation without an excessive effort. The proposal is illustrated with a pilot study, where the data from 6 industrial projects from a single organization was analyzed and 3 metrics regarding requirements quality, rework effort and testing were used to demonstrate the impact of different RE techniques applied among considered projects. We also discuss the factors important to enabling adoption of the proposed approach.
Towards Changes of Macro-Economic Structures in Middle Eastern Countries. Empirical Evidence for 1970–2018
- Ewa Lechman
- Radosław Ślosarski
2020
Middle East countries share a wide bundle of specific structural economic features and one of the latest is a high dependency of these economies on fossil fuels, which is quantitatively demonstrated through the share of oil and gas revenues in total export, but also in gross domestic product composition. This high economic dependency on natural resources on one hand has recently generated a material wealth of Middle Eastern countries which is demonstrated in a gross domestic product, but—on the other hand, contemporary global challenges such as price shocks on international commodity markets are calling for urgent diversification of national economies. This research aims to review key structural features of the economies of the six-member states of the Gulf Cooperation Council and changes in their macroeconomic structures between 1970-2018. It shows country-wise evidence, with respect to diversification of gross domestic product composition, identifying structural shifts between industry, service and agricultural sector. To provide more specific insight into the structure of national economies it examines time changes in oil rents (as a share of GDP), natural gas rents (as a share of GDP), fuel exports (share of merchandise exports). Finally, to verify the hypothesis that shifts in economic structure and GDP composition are accompanied by changes in sources of electricity production. Hence we additionally rely on data regarding sources of electricity production like coal, natural gas, oil, hydroelectric power plants (hydropower) and renewable sources (excluding hydroelectric but including geothermal, solar, tides, wind, biomass, and biofuels). Our methodological settings combine elementary descriptive statistics, time trends analysis, locally weighted polynomial smoothers for visual inspection of pair-wise correlations and panel regression models to capture statistical relationships between data examined. All macroeconomic data used in this research are exclusively extracted from World Development Indicators 2019.
Towards Extending Wikipedia with Bidirectional Links
- Szymon Olewniczak
- Tomasz Boiński
- Julian Szymański
2020 Full text
In this paper, we present the results of our WikiLinks project which aims at extending current Wikipedia linkage mechanisms. Wikipedia has become recently one of the most important information sources on the Internet, which still is based on relatively simple linkage facilities. A WikiLinks system extends the Wikipedia with bidirectional links between fragments of articles. However, there were several attempts to introduce bidirectional fragment-fragment links to the Web, WikiLinks project is the first attempt to bring the new linkage mechanism directly to Wikipedia.
Towards Greater Citizen Participation in Financing Public Cultural Institutions—Legal Barriers and Proposed Solutions
- Anna Modzelewska
- Sebastian Skuza
- Marta Szeluga-Romańska
- Marta Materska-Samek
2020 Full text Sustainability
The paper contains a conceptual proposal that aims at indicating new models of participatory financing of cultural institutions as well as actions towards supporting culture. It presents results of a qualitative study in the form of action research, on identifying legal barriers of financing of cultural institutions in Poland. Additionally, it presents practical suggestions to the encountered problems that were worked out after discussions with cultural managers, taxpayers, and government administration decision-makers. The unique value of the study is a multidimensional and complex analysis of participatory financing of culture, citing varied sources and bearing a structured research procedure. We suggest a new discussion on establishing legal solutions for increasing of the funding or making the financing of cultural institutions more flexible, which appears to be particularly important in crisis times. All is presented as an original concept of participatory citizen-enterprise fiscal mechanism of supporting cultural institutions. We present a pragmatic solution to a problem of additional public support of culture, which can be put into practice parallel to state mechanisms, considering culture as a part of sustainable development.
Towards Improving Optimised Ship Weather Routing
- Roberto Vettor
- Joanna Szłapczyńska
- Rafał Szłapczyński
- Wojciech Tycholiz
- Carlos Guedes Soares
2020 Full text Polish Maritime Research
The aim of the paper is to outline a project focusing on the development of a new type of ship weather routing solution with improved uncertainty handling, through better estimation of ship performance and responses to sea conditions. Ensemble forecasting is considered to take into account the uncertainty levels that are typical of operations in a stochastic environment. Increased accuracy of weather prediction is achieved through the assimilation of real-time data, measured by an on-board monitoring system. The proposed system will allow smooth integration of short-term Decision Support Systems for ship handling in dangerous or peculiar situations with long-term Decision Support Systems for weather routing. An appropriate user interface is also a critical part of the project and it will be implemented in a commercial Electronic Nautical Chart environment. A prototype of the full system will be installed and tested on a commercial vessel in regular operations and under real environmental conditions.
Towards Synthetic and Balanced Digital Government Benchmarking
- Jaromir Durkiewicz
- Tomasz Janowski
2020 Full text
Reliable benchmarking is essential for effective management of the government digitalization efforts. Existing benchmarking instruments generally fail to support this target. One problem is the diversity of instruments, resulting in a split image of digital progress and adding ambiguity to policy decisions. Another problem is disconnect in assessing progress between digital and traditional “analog” governance, lending support to a dangerous idea that countries can compensate for lack of progress in their governance systems by simply digitalizing them. This paper provides a path to addressing both problems by: aggregating relevant indicators of the World Economic Forum’s Network Readiness Index (NRI) to obtain a single synthetic measure of digital government, balancing this measure with progress in analog governance using World Bank’s Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI), calculating new measures for the latest editions of NRI and WGI, and discussing results. Technically, the paper applies multidimensional linear ordering and factor analysis.
Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant antigen AMA1: Diagnostic Utility of Protein Fragments for the Detection of IgG and IgM Antibodies
- Bartłomiej Ferra
- Lucyna Holec-Gąsior
- Justyna Gatkowska
- Bożena Dziadek
- Katarzyna Dzitko
2020 Full text Pathogens
Toxoplasma gondii is an important zoonotic protozoan that infects a wide variety of vertebrates as intermediate hosts. For this reason, the diagnosis of this disease is very important and requires continuous improvement. One possibility is to use recombinant antigens in serological tests. Apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1), a protein located in specific secretory organelles (micronemes) of T. gondii, is very interesting in regard to its potential diagnostic utility. In the present study, we attempted to identify a fragment of the AMA1 protein with a high sensitivity and specificity for the serological diagnosis of human toxoplasmosis. The full-length AMA1 and two different fragments (AMA1N and AMA1C) were produced using an Escherichia coli expression system. After purification by metal affinity chromatography, recombinant proteins were tested for their utility as antigens in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the detection of IgG and IgM anti-T. gondii antibodies in human and mouse immune sera. Our data demonstrate that the full-length AMA1 recombinant antigen (corresponding to amino acid residues 67–569 of the native protein) has a better diagnostic potential than its N- or C-terminal fragments. This recombinant protein strongly interacts with specific anti-T. gondii IgG (99.4%) and IgM (80.0%) antibodies, and may be used for developing new tools for diagnostics of toxoplasmosis.
Toxoplasma gondii Recombinant Antigens in the Serodiagnosis of Toxoplasmosis in Domestic and Farm Animals
- Bartłomiej Ferra
- Lucyna Holec-Gąsior
- Weronika Grąźlewska
2020 Full text Animals
Toxoplasmosis is caused by an intracellular protozoan, Toxoplasma gondii, and is a parasitic disease that occurs in all warm-blooded animals, including humans. Toxoplasmosis is one of the most common parasitic diseases of animals and results in reproductive losses. Toxoplasmosis in humans is usually caused by eating raw or undercooked meat or consuming dairy products containing the parasite. Diagnosis of toxoplasmosis is currently based on serological assays using native antigens to detect specific anti-T. gondii antibodies. Due to the high price, the available commercial agglutination assays are not suited to test a large number of animal serum samples. The recent development of proteomics elucidated the antigenic structure of T. gondii and enabled the development of various recombinant antigens that can be used in new, cheaper, and more effective diagnostic tools. Continuous development of scientific disciplines, such as molecular biology and genetic engineering, allows for the production of new recombinant antigens and provides the basis for new diagnostic tests for the detection of anti-T. gondii antibodies in animal serum samples.
Trace elements content of surface peat deposits in the Solovetsky Islands (White Sea)
- Krystyna Kozioł
- Joanna Korzeniowska
- Daniel Okupny
- Elżbieta Bezak-mazur
- Stanisław Żurek
2020 Full text Mires and Peat
Peatlands form environmental archives of trace element deposition. In this regard they are particularly valuable for areas such as the Arctic, where regular pollution monitoring is either impossible or extremely costly. The aim of this study was to assess pollution in the Solovetsky Islands (65° 05' N, 35° 53' E) by examining the spatial variability in trace element content of the uppermost layer of peat, immediately below the surface layer of green vegetation. We evaluated Cr, Cd, Ni and Pb contents in samples taken from ombrotrophic (raised bog) and mesotrophic (transitional) mires and in different microtopographical settings (hummock/hollow), and calculated the following pollution indices: geoaccumulation index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf) and degree of contamination (Cdeg). The contents of these elements were markedly lower in the Solovetsky Islands than reported from other parts of central and northern Europe. Depending on the pollution index considered, the studied peat samples could be classified as unpolluted to considerably polluted. The local spatial patterns showed the highest values of Cd in samples collected near the sea, while the highest contents of Cr and Ni were noted at sampling points located farther inland. Moreover, Cr and Pb concentrations were higher in raised bogs than in transitional mires, and this contrast was accentuated if raised bog was represented by hummocks alone. These patterns are consistent with the likely sources of Cr, Ni and Pb being atmospheric pollution; and with higher mobility of Cd in seawater, which periodically floods the transitional mires. Amongst the trace elements determined, the most consistent values across peat types and sampling locations were found for Ni, which could be successfully used for pollution monitoring even in transitional mires.
Transformacja Dworca Morskiego w Gdyni na Muzeum Emigracji
- Robert Hirsch
2020 Full text Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego
Artykuł omawia współczesne adaptacje budynków historycznych w Polsce, określając dwa główne nurty: komercyjny i niekomercyjny. Jako przykład niekomercyjnej transformacji przedstawiony został przypadek modernistycznego Dworca Morskiego w Gdyni z lat 30. XX w. przekształconego na Muzeum Emigracji. Przedsięwzięcie zakończone uroczystym otwarciem muzeum w 2015 r. zyskało wiele przychylnych opinii i zostało laureatem w konkursie "Zabytek zadbany", organizowanym przez Generalnego Konserwatora Zabytków. Pomimo pozytywnych efektów tej transformacji, w artykule podjęto próbę krytycznej oceny tej inwestycji pod względem konserwatorskim.
Transient modeling in common DC link of power converters
- A. Anuchin
- G.l. Demidova
- Ryszard Strzelecki
- M.s. Yakovenko
2020 Full text Science, Technology and Arts Research Journal
Предмет исследования. Представлена математическая модель силовых преобразователей электропривода, питающихся от общего звена постоянного тока, на примере тяговых электроприводов карьерного самосвала БЕЛАЗ-90 мощностью 280 кВт. Модель выполнена в пакете MATLAB/Simulink. Новизна предложенной модели заключается в применении новой топологии силовой схемы для исследования работы двух инверторов, под- ключенных к одному звену постоянного тока. Представлена возможность исследования переходных процессов в распределенном звене постоянного тока с целью уменьшения пульсаций тока, как в конденсаторной батарее инверторов, так и в общем звене постоянного тока. Метод. В целях снижения пульсаций на аппаратном уровне предложен метод введения дополнительной индуктивности между конденсаторами инверторов. С этой же целью при широтно-импульсной модуляции на алгоритмическом уровне предложено введение фазового сдвига опор- ных сигналов двух параллельно работающих инверторов. Разработана математическая модель, позволяющая оценивать пульсации тока между инвертором и конденсатором звена постоянного тока и между конденсатором и источником питания. Основные результаты. Показано, что алгоритмический метод вдвое снижает пульсации тока между инвертором и конденсатором звена постоянного тока и до 10 раз снижает ток между конденсатором инвертора и источником питания. Практическая значимость. Предложенная модель может быть использована при проверке токовой нагрузки элементов силового преобразователя в процессе проектирования систем мно- годвигательного электропривода (станочные приводы, гибридные транспортные средства).
Transient States during Short-circuit in a Line Powered by UPS and its Impact on Earth Fault Loop Impedance Measurement and Power Quality
- Jacek Katarzyński
- Marek Olesz
2020
The short-circuit in a line powered by Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS) during different UPS operation modes is presented in the article. The transient state condition related to the short-circuit in a line fed from double conversion On-line UPS is discussed in detail. The results of the measurements of earth fault loop impedance (FLI) in circuits powered by UPS with the instruments of various manufacturers are presented. The dispersion of the measurement results, depending on UPS operation mode and on the instrument test current value is observed. The uncertainty of FLI measurement in UPS-powered circuits is pointed out, and its impact on the power quality and the evaluation of effectiveness of protection against electric shock is explained.
Transport of paracetamol in swellable and relaxing polyurethane nanocomposite hydrogels
- Marta Motke
- Justyna Strankowska
- Jerzy Kwela
- Marek Józefowicz
- Michał Strankowski
2020 Full text POLYMER BULLETIN
Polyurethane hydrogels are potentially attractive materials for biomedical applications. They are able to absorb large amount of water, biological fluids or active substances, and thus, they have potential to be used as absorbents or wound-healing dressings. They are also used for the controlled release of therapeutics because of their capacity to embed biologically active agents in their water-swollen network. The presence of organofillized montmorillonite (Cloisite® 30B) in polyurethane nanocomposite hydrogels remarkably improves the swelling capability, but on the other hand slows down the release process of an active substance from the matrix. The swelling of paracetamol solution by the nanocomposite matrix and the release process of this active substance from the hydrogel were investigated using gravimetric analysis and spectroscopic method. The kinetics of both these processes were accurately analyzed by the use of Korsmeyer–Peppas and modified Hopfenberg and Weibull models. In the present paper, three different nanocomposite systems with various amounts of Cloisite® 30B were studied. The results of these studies confirm beneficial impact of the nanosize effect on the drug diffusion processes in polyurethane nanocomposite hydrogels.
Transverse surface waves on a cylindrical surface with coating
- Victor Eremeev
- Giuseppe Rosi
- Salah Naili
2020 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCE
We discuss the propagation of transverse surface waves that are so-called whispering-gallery waves along a surface of an elastic cylinder with coating. The coating is modelled in the framework of linearized Gurtin–Murdoch surface elasticity. Other interpretations of the surface shear modulus are given and relations to so-called stiff interface and stiff skin model are discussed. The dispersion relations are obtained and analyzed.
Trendy rozwojowe współczesnej telekomunikacji i wynikające z tego zagrożenia
- Ryszard Katulski
2020 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
Telekomunikacja to dziedzina wiedzy i techniki, której przeznaczeniem jest przenoszenie informacji, z założenia z dowolnego miejsca do innego dowolnego miejsca nie tylko na kuli ziemskiej, lecz także w dostępnej nam przestrzeni. Walorem szczególnym tego jest telekomunikacja radiowa, która umożliwia tworzenie połączeń telekomunikacyjnych w sposób bezprzewodowy, za pomocą zjawiska fali radiowej, które – jak wiadomo – ma naturę pola elektromagnetycznego. Pozwala to przekazywać informacje od nadawców do odbiorców znajdujących się w stanie ruchu, a więc potencjalnie obsługiwać każdego użytkownika wyposażonego w tzw. terminal końcowy. Przy czym jest to możliwe w każdym czasie i w dowolnym miejscu. Jak widać, znaczenie telekomunikacji we współczesnym świecie trudno jest przecenić.