2021 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

Show publications from the year

Publications from the year 2021

Show all

Compact 4 × 4 butler matrix with non‐standard phase differences for IoT applications
- Adrian Bekasiewicz
- Sławomir Kozieł
2021 Full text ELECTRONICS LETTERS
Butler matrices represent a popular class of feeding networks for antenna arrays. Large dimensions and the lack of flexibility in terms of achievable output phase difference make conventional Butler structures of limited use for modern communication devices. In this work, a compact planar 4 × 4 matrix with non-standard relative phase shifts of –30º, 150º, –120º, and 60º has been proposed. The structure is designed to operate at the centre frequency of 2.45 GHz. Small dimensions of 31.3 mm × 22.9 mm make it useful for Internet of Things applications. The structure operates from 2.35 GHz to 2.55 GHz which covers the industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) bandwidth. At the centre frequency, the measured amplitude and phase imbalance are 1.65 dB and ±4.3º, respectively. The proposed circuit has been compared to the state-of-the-art structures from the literature.
Company versus consumer performance: does brand community identification foster brand loyalty and the consumer’s personal brand?
- Ilenia Confente
- Wioleta Kucharska
2021 Full text Journal of Brand Management
This study investigates the effect of community identification in building brand loyalty (attitudinal and behavioural) and a personal brand via social networks. The proposed model explained the main community identification antecedents and how identification can lead to enhanced company and consumer performance. This study adopts the theoretical lens of uses and gratifications theory and identifies three motivational drivers of community identification: relationship-oriented motives, self-oriented motives and brand content-oriented motives. The data were analysed with a structural equation modelling method based on a convenience sample collected through a survey. This study extends the body of knowledge about the outcomes from an active social media usage, based on a UGT perspective. It relates community identification and its drivers to loyalty. Besides, it links community identification with personal branding, which is considered as a vital outcome expected by social media users. The findings suggested that self-oriented motives represented a key driver for taking part in an online community. In addition, community identification represents to be an important antecedent to build attitudinal loyalty rather than behavioural loyalty. Consequently, community identification was also found to be a significant driver for building a user’s personal brand.
Comparative 3D DEM simulations of sand–structure interfaces with similarly shaped clumps versus spheres with contact moments.
- Aleksander Grabowski
- Michał Nitka
- Andrzej Tejchman-Konarzewski
2021 Full text Acta Geotechnica
Three-dimensional simulations of a monotonic quasi-static interface behaviour between initially dense cohesionless sand and a rigid wall of different roughness during tests in a parallelly guided direct shear test under constant normal stress are presented. Numerical modelling was carried out by the discrete element method (DEM) using clumps in the form of convex non-symmetric irregularly shaped grains. The clumps had an aspect ratio of 1.5. A regular grid of triangular grooves (asperities) along the wall with a different height at the same distance was assumed. The numerical results with clumps were directly compared under the same conditions with our earlier DEM simulations using pure spheres with contact moments with respect to the peak and residual interface friction angle, width of the interface shear zone, ratio between grain slips and grain rotations, distribution of contact forces and stresses. The difference between the behaviour of clumps and pure spheres with contact moments proved to be noticeable in the post-peak regime due to a different particle shape. The rolling resistance model with pure spheres was proved to be limited for capturing particle shape effects. Three different boundary conditions along the interface were proposed for micropolar continua, considering grain rotations and grain slips, wall grain moments and wall grain forces, and normalized interface roughness. The numerical results in this paper offer a better understanding of the interface behaviour of granular bodies in DEM and FEM simulations.
Comparative evaluation of different methods for determining phytochemicals and antioxidant activity in products containing betalains - Verification of beetroot samples
- Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Marika Konderak
- Izabela Koss-Mikołajczyk
- Jacek Namieśnik
2021 Full text FOOD CHEMISTRY
This study presents methods that can be used to assess the health quality of products containing betalains. The paper compares and verifies data on the phytochemical composition of three different pigmented beetroot cultivars using spectrophotometric, HPLC-DAD, HPTLC and LC-Q-Orbitrap-HRMS techniques. Additionally, we compared the total antioxidant activity in both the cell-free and cellular systems. Betalain contribution to antioxidant activity was also determined using post-column derivatization and it was found that in the case of red beetroot it is about 50%. Photometric measurements are recommended for a simple and inexpensive analysis of the total betacyanin and betaxanthin content. Liquid chromatography techniques produced more precise information on phytochemical composition in the tested samples. The combination of liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry produced the largest amount of quantitative and qualitative data; in beetroot samples sixty-four phytochemicals have been identified therefore, this approach is recommended for more detailed metabolomics studies.
Comparative Study of the Mechanical Behaviour of Bitumen- and Cement-Dominated Mixtures with Reclaimed Asphalt
- Miomir Miljković
- Bohdan Dołżycki
- Mariusz Jaczewski
- Cezary Szydłowski
2021 Full text
The bitumen emulsion-based recycling is a commonly used maintenance treatment in the rehabilitation of low-and medium-volume roads in Europe. Nevertheless, the wide range of climatic conditions across the continent resulted in the variety of mixture concepts and the requirements being adopted for various local conditions. In this regard, the most commonly used parameter to distinguish between the main mixture concepts is bitumen to cement ratio. This article presents the comparison of the results of mechanical properties for different approachest to design of cold recycled mixtures with either bitumen or cement having the dominant role in the mechanical behaviour. In both cases, bitumen emulsion C60B5 and Portland cement CEM I were used as binding agents, and the considered cold recycled mixtures were designed to contain at least 70 % of reclaimed asphalt. The combinations of binding agents were selected based on the respective requirements. Mechanical properties were expressed by the indirect tensile strength, failure strain, and stiffness modulus, while the tests were conducted at the temperatures of 5 and 20 °C and the curing periods of 7 and 28 days. The comparison showed that the mixtures with the higher content of cement reached much higher stiffness and, from the aspect of the kinetics of mechanical properties development, they almost resembled cementitious materials. In contrast to this, the behaviour of bitumen-dominated mixtures, especially at earlier curing stages, was within the common requirements but also tended to have much higher strains at failure.
Comparative Study of the Reinforcement Type Effect on the Thermomechanical Properties and Burning of Epoxy-Based Composites
- Kamila Salasinska
- Mateusz Barczewski
- Joanna Aniśko
- Aleksander Hejna
- Maciej Celiński
2021 Full text Journal of Composites Science
Aramid (AF), glass (GF), carbon (CF), basalt (BF), and flax (FF) fibers in the form of fabrics were used to produce the composites by hand-lay up method. The use of fabrics of similar grammage for composites’ manufacturing allowed for a comprehensive comparison of the properties of the final products. The most important task was to prepare a complex setup of mechanical and thermomechanical properties, supplemented by fire behavior analysis, and discuss both characteristics in their application range. The mechanical properties were investigated using tensile and flexural tests, as well as impact strength measurement. The investigation was improved by assessing thermomechanical properties under dynamic deformation conditions (dynamic mechanical–thermal analysis (DMTA)). All products were subjected to a fire test carried out using a cone calorimeter (CC).
Comparative study on total nitrogen prediction in wastewater treatment 1 plant and effect of various feature selection methods on machine learning algorithms performance
- Faramarz Bagherzadeh
- Mohammad Javad Mehrani
- Milad Basirifard
- Javad Roostaei
2021 Full text Journal of Water Process Engineering
Wastewater characteristics prediction in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is valuable and can reduce the number of sampling, energy, and cost. Feature Selection (FS) methods are used in the pre-processing section for enhancing the model performance. This study aims to evaluate the effect of seven different FS methods (filter, wrapper, and embedded methods) on enhancing the prediction accuracy for total nitrogen (TN) in the WWTP influent flow. Four scenarios based on FS suggestions were defined and compared by three supervised Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, i.e. Artificial Neural Network (ANN), Random Forest (RF), and especially Gradient Boosting Machine (GBM). Input parameters, as daily time-series including pH, DO, COD, BOD, MLSS, MLVSS, NH4-N, and TN concentration, were used. Data set divided into train and unseen test data-sets, and performance precision of all models was carried out based on Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), Mean Absolute Error (MAE), and correlation coefficient (R2). Results reveal that scenario IV which was suggested by Mutual Information, including NH4-N, COD, BOD, and DO had the best result rather than other FS methods. Furthermore, decision tree algorithms (RF and GBM) revealed better performance results in comparison to neural network algorithm (ANN). GBM generalized the dataset patterns very well and produced the best performance on unseen data-set, which shows the effectiveness of this state-of-the-art ML algorithm for wastewater components prediction.
Comparison of Absorbed and Intercepted Fractions of PAR for Individual Trees Based on Radiative Transfer Model Simulations
- Wojciech Wojnowski
- Shanshan Wei
- Wenjuan Li
- Tiangang Yin
- Xian-Xiang Li
- Genevieve Lai Fern Ow
- Mohamed Lokman Mohd Yusof
- Andrew J. Whittle
2021 Full text Remote Sensing
The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR) is a key parameter for estimating the gross primary production (GPP) of trees. For continuous, dense forest canopies, fAPAR, is often equated with the intercepted fraction, fIPAR. This assumption is not valid for individual trees in urban environments or parkland settings where the canopy is sparse and there are well-defined tree crown boundaries. Here, the distinction between fAPAR and fIPAR can be strongly influenced by the background and large illumination variations due to multi-scattering and shadows of buildings. This study investigates the radiative budget of PAR bands using a coupled leaf-canopy radiative transfer model (PROSPECT-DART), considering a suite of tropical tree species over a wide range of assumed leaf chlorophyll contents. The analyses simulate hyperspectral images (5 nm bandwidth) of individual tree crowns for the selected background (concrete vs. grass) and illumination conditions. We then use an artificial neural network-based method to partition sunlit vs. shaded leaves within each crown, as the latter have lower fAPAR and fIPAR values. Our results show fAPAR of sunlit leaves decreases with the ratio of diffuse to direct scene irradiance (SKYL), while SKYL has minimal influence for shaded leaves. Both fAPAR and fIPAR decrease at more oblique solar zenith angles (SZA). Higher values of fAPAR and fIPAR occur with concrete backgrounds and the influence of the background is larger at higher diffuse ratio and solar zenith angles. The results show that fIPAR is typically 6–9% higher than fAPAR, and up to 14% higher for sunlit leaves with a concrete background at SKYL = 0. The differences between the fIPAR and fAPAR also depend on the health condition of the leaves, such as chlorophyll content. This study can improve the understanding of urban individual trees fAPAR/fIPAR and facilitate the development of protocols for fAPAR field measurements.
Comparison of different one-parameter damage laws and local stress-strain approaches in multiaxial fatigue life assessment of notched components
- Ricardo Branco
- José Domingos Costa
- L.p. Borrego
- F. Berto
- Seyed Mohammad Nazem Razavi
- Wojciech Macek
2021 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FATIGUE
This paper aims to compare the predictive capabilities of different one-parameter damage laws and local stress-strain approaches to assess the fatigue lifetime in notched components subjected to proportional bending-torsion loading. The tested fatigue damage parameters are defined using well-known stress-based, strain-based, SWT-based and energy-based relationships. Multiaxial cyclic plasticity at the notch-controlled process zone is accounted for within a 3D-FE linear-elastic framework using three local stress-strain approaches, namely Neuber’s rule, equivalent strain energy density rule (ESED) and the modified ESED rule. Regarding the local stress-strain approaches, irrespective of the fatigue damage parameter, Neuber’s rule always led to more conservative results, and the modified ESED rule resulted in slightly better fatigue life predictions when compared to the original ESED rule. As far as the fatigue damage parameters are concerned, energy-based models were more accurate, irrespective of the local stress-strain approach.
Comparison of nitrogen and VFA removal pathways in autotrophic and organotrophic anammox reactors
- Xuejiao Yin
- Md. Hasibur Rahaman
- Wenbo Liu
- Jacek Mąkinia
- Jun Zhai
2021 ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
Organotrophic anammox is a promising process for treating both nitrogen and organic containing wastewater than that of the traditional autotrophic anammox for sole nitrogen removal. However pathways of nitrogen removal particularly at metagenomic level in both processes are still unknown. Here we report, metabolic pathways of nitrogen removal in two lab-scale sequencing batch reactors (SBR), one autotrophic and another organotrophic (TOC/TN=0.1) anammox bacteria incubated over 220 days. Both reactors showed satisfactory nitrogen removal with 840.31mg N/L.d and 786.81mg N/L.d for autotrophic and organotrophic anammox reactors respectively. Four anammox species namely Candidatus B. fulgida, B. sinica, J. caeni and Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis were identified in both reactors. The Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis (4%) was dominant in autotrophic reactor whereas Candidatus J. caeni (10%) in the organotrophic reactor. The supply of organic promoted the growth of anammox bacteria more than three times higher than that of the autotrophic anammox reactor. The functional genes related to the DNRA pathway was obtained in all anammox species except for Candidatus K. stuttgartiensis. The co-existence of other DNRA (Armatimonadetes and Thauera) and partial denitrifying bacteria (Chloroflexi) was also found in both reactors. Moreover, functional genes related to acetate metabolism by acetyl-CoA way were obtained in all anammox bacteria except Candidatus B. fulgida which showed alternative ackA/Pac-t pathways in organic anammox reactor. Overall current results suggest that the anammox, DNRA and partial denitrification were the key nitrogen transformation pathways, particularly in organotrophic anammox reactor. Our findings will improve understanding of the practical application of organotrophic anammox for wider wastewater treatment.
Comparison of Renewable Energy Sources in ‘New’ EU Member States in the Context of National Energy Transformations
- Agnieszka Wałachowska
- Aranka Ignasiak-Szulc
2021 Full text ENERGIES
The European Union strives to create sustainable, low-carbon economies; therefore, energy policies of all member states should move towards renewable energy sources (RES). That concerns also the so-called new EU member states. These countries, on the one hand, are characterized by significant historical similarities in terms of post-communist legacy and adopted development strategies linked with the EU membership, and on the other hand, by significant social, economic and environmental differences resulting from different transformation and development paths and conditions. The question remains how the selected countries should cope with actions in the field of national energy transformations to confront the multiple challenges linked to assuring a significant level of sustainable development. In order to be successful, it is necessary to conduct an effective and rapid changes in the energy industry, which should be preceded by an analysis of the differentiation of countries in terms of their potentials. The results of such analyses should be helpful in selecting the most appropriate strategies for transformation of the described industry. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to assess the new EU member states for RES diversification and identify similar subgroups of countries using cluster analysis, taking into account the percentage share of individual renewable energy sources in total renewable energy production. This was done for the years 2010, 2015 and 2019 which should allow us to demonstrate the differences between them as a group and also reveal changes recorded over time for a single country. Ward’s method was used for the analysis. The presented approach to the analysis of energy production enabled the acquisition of new knowledge in this field and supported the assessment of the current state of RES. The results obtained can be used in countries of comparable specificity to undertake activities of similar nature in relation to internal energy production, technological development or common energy policy.
Comparison of safety levels required by adequate regulations for cargo ships of different types
- Piotr Szulczewski
2021 Full text Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
During the currently ongoing development of methods for assessing the safety of ships, it is imperative that a compromise between the accuracy of the results and the accessibility of obtaining results is reached. This paper shows the calculations of a theoretical hull against damage stability regulations as included in SOLAS 2020, ICLL 66/88 as amended in 2003 and MARPOL 78. The rules included in the currently valid regulations require certain righting arm curve properties from vessels before and after potential damage, which does not pose a high difficulty level to engineers. However, for many engineers and scientists working with these rules, it is unclear what kind of behavior (particularly roll motion) these righting arm curve parameters correspond. In this paper, a correlation between the required GZ properties and the actual roll motion of a ship in waves, as calculated with the well-established method proposed by the ITTC, is revealed, and a comparison of the results to the currently in use regulations as well as comparison between the methods themselves is made. The comparison reveals the impact of GZ curve parameters on the roll motion of the ship
Comparison of the Effectiveness of Health Systems in The European Countries-Two-Stage DEA Model
- Justyna Kujawska
2021 Full text
This article compares the efficiency of health systems in selected European countries using two-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA), based on data from the EUROSTAT database. In the first step, DEA efficiency scores were calculated for health care systems and, subsequently, the external variables describing lifestyle were used to calculate the truncated regression. Health care resources (physicians, nurses, hospital beds, financial outlays, life expectancy in health) included in the health care system and the lifestyle factors of the population are: alcohol consumption, smoking, overweight. The root cause of health systems inefficiencies is health behaviours. The main practical significance of this study is that the conclusions drawn from the results can help policy makers to evaluate the performance of health systems as well as contribute to the identification of directions for improvement in the future.
Comparison of the fracture toughness of pine wood determined on the basis of orthogonal linear cutting and frame sawing
- Daniel Chuchała
- Kazimierz Orłowski
- Gerhard Sinn
- Aleksandra Konopka
2021 Full text ACTA FACULTATIS XYLOLOGIAE ZVOLEN
In this paper, the values of the fracture toughness of Scots pine determined by cutting tests are presented. The cutting tests were carried out using the samples of Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from Pomeranian Region, Poland. These experiments were carried out on two research stands: orthogonal linear cutting tests were conducted using the microtome instrument and the frame saw PRW-15M was used for sawing tests. The values of the fracture toughness were determined following the recorded values of cutting power during the cutting tests (PRW-15M) and cutting forces (microtome instrument) with the use of models based on the elements of fracture mechanics. It was observed that the fracture toughness values determined following the orthogonal linear cutting tests were significantly lower, what could be caused by bending the wood fibers under the pressure of the cutting force.
Comparison of Traffic Flow Models with Real Traffic Data Based on a Quantitative Assessment
- Aleksandra Romanowska
- Kazimierz Jamroz
2021 Full text Applied Sciences-Basel
The fundamental relationship of traffic flow and bivariate relations between speed and flow, speed and density, and flow and density are of great importance in transportation engineering. Fundamental relationship models may be applied to assess and forecast traffic conditions at uninterrupted traffic flow facilities. The objective of the article was to analyze and compare existing models of the fundamental relationship. To that end, we proposed a universal and quantitative method for assessing models of the fundamental relationship based on real traffic data from a Polish expressway. The proposed methodology seeks to address the problem of finding the best deterministic model to describe the empirical relationship between fundamental traffic flow parameters: average speed, flow, and density based on simple and transparent criteria. Both single and multi-regime models were considered: a total of 17 models. For the given data, the results helped to identify the best performing models that meet the boundary conditions and ensure simplicity, empirical accuracy, and good estimation of traffic flow parameters.
Complementary green analytical procedure index (ComplexGAPI) and software
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Wojciech Wojnowski
2021 Full text GREEN CHEMISTRY
It is not easy to find appropriate tools for the evaluation of the “green”nature of analytical methodologies which involve the use of compounds, materials, or chemicals manufactured prior to the analytical step. Here, we propose a new metric for the evaluation of analytical procedures based on the GAC attributes. The proposed solution expands on the well-known green analytical procedure index by adding additional fields pertaining to the processes performed prior to the analytical procedure itself. Each field of the hexagon that was added to the GAPI pictogram corresponds to a different aspect of the described process and is coloured green if certain requirements are met. To showcase the utility of the proposed metric, it was used to evaluate analytical protocols for the determination of pesticides in urine samples. We believe that, following GAPI’s success, ComplexGAPI will also gain attention and eventually trust and acceptance from the chemical community. To facilitate the use of this tool, we have created freeware software for generating the ComplexGAPI pictograms.
Complexes of silanethiolate ligands: Synthesis, structure, properties and application
- Agnieszka Pladzyk
- Daria Kowalkowska-Zedler
- Anna Ciborska
- Andreas Schnepf
- Anna Dołęga
2021 Full text COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
The purposeful syntheses of silanethiolate complexes started approximately in the mid-eighties of the 20th century but no summary of the synthetic efforts has been reported till now. The synthetic methods and the resulting complexes have some common features, which are emphasized throughout the review. Thereby specific difficulties during synthesis are outlined and the structures, properties and possible applications of the resulting complexes are presented. All groups of metals of the periodic table are included and associated with potential applications regarding the specific properties of the siliconsulfur bond and the attached metals.
Composite as a Material of the Future in the Era of Green Deal Implementation Strategies
- Aleksander Czapla
- Mahesh Ganesapillai
- Jakub Drewnowski
2021 Full text Processes
Composite materials have become synonymous with modernity, desired in nearly every aspect of our daily lives, from simple everyday objects to sanitary facilities, pipelines, the construction of modern sewer networks, their renovation, water supply, and storage reservoirs, to complex structures—automotive, planes, and space science. Composites have seen a considerable rise in attention owing to their characteristics, durability, strength, reduced energy usage during the manufacturing process, and decreased transportation costs. Composite materials consistently outperform steel, cast iron, and concrete in terms of CO2 emissions. Additionally, these materials have a long service life of about 150 years or more and are corrosion-resistant. Today, continued sustainable development is contingent upon access to safe drinking water and the availability of its resources and modes of conveyance. As a result, composite pipes have considerable potential due to their very low flow rate, which directly affects the prices of drinking water pumping and irrigation systems. However, there are also certain disadvantages associated with fibre-reinforced composites, such as easy surface damage, low heat resistance (up to 220 °C), long product forming time, and high cost of the material. Additionally, the product’s initial high durability and extended life cycle, coupled with high abrasion resistance, anisotropic strength, and stiffness in the final phase, prove to be unfavourable since composite material cannot be rapidly reintroduced into the manufacturing cycle. However, its disposal requires a negligible amount of energy. The article discusses the various composite materials available, their applications, and the potential for further developing their manufacturing technology toward nanocomposites and composites of natural origin that are readily biodegradable at the end of their service life; dubbed “green composites”. The study’s findings are unequivocal: this class of composite materials warrants further investigation in the future since they align perfectly with the concept of sustainable economic growth and Green Deal implementation.
Composite Polyurethane-Polylactide (PUR/PLA) Flexible Filaments for 3D Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) of Antibacterial Wound Dressings for Skin Regeneration
- Paweł Szarlej
- Iga Carayon
- Przemysław Gnatowski
- Marta Glinka
- Martyna Mroczyńska
- Anna Brillowska-Dąbrowska
- Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
2021 Full text Materials
his paper addresses the potential application of flexible thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and poly(lactic acid) (PLA) compositions as a material for the production of antibacterial wound dressings using the Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) 3D printing method. On the market, there are medical-grade polyurethane filaments available, but few of them have properties required for the fabrication of wound dressings, such as flexibility and antibacterial effects. Thus, research aimed at the production, characterization and modification of filaments based on different TPU/PLA compositions was conducted. The combination of mechanical (tensile, hardness), structural (FTIR), microscopic (optical and SEM), degradation (2 M HCl, 5 M NaOH, and 0.1 M CoCl2 in 20% H2O2) and printability analysis allowed us to select the most promising composition for further antibacterial modification (COMP-7,5PLA). The thermal stability of the chosen antibiotic—amikacin—was tested using processing temperature and HPLC. Two routes were used for the antibacterial modification of the selected filament—post-processing modification (AMI-1) and modification during processing (AMI-2). The antibacterial activity and amikacin release profiles were studied. The postprocessing modification method turned out to be superior and suitable for wound dressing fabrication due to its proven antimicrobial activity against E. coli, P. fluorescens, S. aureus and S. epidermidis bacteria.
Comprehensive Review of Fluorescence Applications in Gynecology
- Joanna Polom
- Leszek Kalinowski
- Michele Diana
- Manish Chand
- Carmela Caballero
- Sambor Sawicki
- Karol Polom
2021 Full text Journal of Clinical Medicine
Since the introduction of indocyanine green (ICG) as a fluorophore in near-infrared imaging, fluorescence visualization has become an essential tool in many fields of surgery. In the field of gynecology, recent new applications have been proposed and found their place in clinical practice. Different applications in gynecology were investigated, subcategorized, and overviewed concerning surgical applications and available dyes. Specific applications in which fluorescence-guided surgery was implemented in gynecology are described in this manuscript—namely, sentinel node biopsy, mesometrium visualization, angiography of different organs, safety issues in pregnant women, ureters visualization, detection of peritoneal metastases, targeted fluorophores for cancer detection, fluorescent contamination hysterectomy, lymphography for lower limb lymphedema prevention, tumor margin detection, endometriosis, and metastases mapping. With evolving technology, further innovative research on the new applications of fluorescence visualization in cancer surgery may help to establish these techniques as standards of high-quality surgery in gynecology. However, more investigations are necessary in order to assess if these innovative tools can also be effective to improve patient outcomes and quality of life in different gynecologic malignancies.