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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2022

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  • Multi-layered mineral glass units used as viewport elements of underwater ship structures
    • Krzysztof Lipiński
    • Krzysztof Bobrowski
    • Edmund Wittbrodt
    • Bogusław Szarejko
    • Eugeniusz Ziółkowski
    2022

    In the paper, Authors deals with viewport elements of underwater marine constructions. If a single-plate viewport constructions are considered, big thicknesses of the glass plate are required to resist the pressure. To build the viewports from the commercially accessible glass panes, multi-layered glass units are proposed in the paper. Numerical calculations are presented, summarized and compared with experimental tests. Focusing on their main idea, proposed viewports are inspired by the classical glass-lamination, but instead of gluing them with polyvinyl butyral, the glass panes are separated with deionized water that fills up all the hermetic inter-chambers formed by the panes. Heat-tempered mineral-glass panes are considered. Significant areas of the viewports are required. Performed numerical tests are addressed to verify statics, strength and stability of the proposed multi-layered innovative construction. Finite elements are used to create the models and to calculate the stress fields of all the glass elements of the viewports. Strengths of the investigated multi-layered units are estimated according to probabilistic theory of failure. Different constructional variants are tested for the viewports, including these made of flat and of curved glass panes. The final parameters of the optimal solution are not presented in the paper. The paper-presented examples certify however, that significant reduction of stresses is possible, especially of these occurring in the glass panes and, what follows, it certify that construction of underwater viewports of considerable dimensions is possible for viewports based on the standard thicknesses of the commercially accessible glass panes.

  • Multipath Complex Root Tracing
    • Sebastian Dziedziewicz
    • Małgorzata Warecka
    • Rafał Lech
    • Piotr Kowalczyk
    2022 Full text

    The problem of multipath root tracing is being addressed in this communication. The self-adaptive complex root tracing algorithm, which was previously utilized for the investigation of various propagation and radiation problems, is analyzed here for the cases when the traced characteristic bifurcates. A procedure of multiroute detection is proposed and demonstrated on the coaxially loaded cylindrical waveguide example.

  • Multi-pathway mechanism of polydopamine film formation at vertically aligned diamondised boron-doped carbon nanowalls
    • Adrian Olejnik
    • Mateusz Ficek
    • Katarzyna Siuzdak
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    2022 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA

    Boron-doped carbon nanowall (B:CNW) electrodes were used as a platform for studying the electropolymerisation of dopamine. Due to the unique properties of B:CNW, including the fast charge-transfer kinetics and high surface conductivity, a high degree of reversibility of redox reactions was achieved. Three separated redox peaks were observed on voltammograms and attributed to three fundamental reactions in the dopamine polymerisation mechanism: dopamine/dopamine quinone, leukodopaminechrome/dopaminechrome, and dihydroxyindole/indolequinone. The mechanism was also supported by the density functional theory calculations of the single point energy of the polydopamine structural units. Moreover, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments strongly suggest that the majority of th epolymerisation occurs only in the narrow range of potentials between +0.0 and +0.4 V vs. the silver chloride reference electrode. The concept of a resistor-like CPE element is introduced to facilitate the description of the electrochemical properties of B:CNW electrodes in a neutral electrolyte. Further, it is shown that electropolymerisation differs significantly as a function of pH. In acidic environments (pH 3–6) mostly the dopamine/dopamine quinone reaction can be seen, whereas in a more alkaline pH (8–10), the leukodopaminechrome/dopaminechrome reaction becomes dominant. The dihydroxyindole/indolequinone redox pair is seen only in a short pH interval between 7 and 8. Additionally, the kinetics of polymerisation is significantly boosted when the pH is more than 7. Together, these results provide insight into the complexity of the formation of polydopamine and can assist in better controlling the properties of electropolymerised dopamine films.

  • Multiple Cues-Based Robust Visual Object Tracking Method
    • Baber Khan
    • Abdul Jalil
    • Ahmad Ali
    • Khaled Alkhaledi
    • Khizer Mehmood
    • Khalid Mehmood Cheema
    • Maria Murad
    • Hanan Tariq
    • Ahmed M. El-Sherbeeny
    2022 Full text Electronics

    Visual object tracking is still considered a challenging task in computer vision research society. The object of interest undergoes significant appearance changes because of illumination variation, deformation, motion blur, background clutter, and occlusion. Kernelized correlation filter- (KCF) based tracking schemes have shown good performance in recent years. The accuracy and robustness of these trackers can be further enhanced by incorporating multiple cues from the response map. Response map computation is the complementary step in KCF-based tracking schemes, and it contains a bundle of information. The majority of the tracking methods based on KCF estimate the target location by fetching a single cue-like peak correlation value from the response map. This paper proposes to mine the response map in-depth to fetch multiple cues about the target model. Furthermore, a new criterion based on the hybridization of multiple cues i.e., average peak correlation energy (APCE) and confidence of squared response map (CSRM), is presented to enhance the tracking efficiency. We update the following tracking modules based on hybridized criterion: (i) occlusion detection, (ii) adaptive learning rate adjustment, (iii) drift handling using adaptive learning rate, (iv) handling, and (v) scale estimation. We integrate all these modules to propose a new tracking scheme. The proposed tracker is evaluated on challenging videos selected from three standard datasets, i.e., OTB-50, OTB-100, and TC-128. A comparison of the proposed tracking scheme with other state-of-the-art methods is also presented in this paper. Our method improved considerably by achieving a center location error of 16.06, distance precision of 0.889, and overlap success rate of 0.824.

  • Multiple jets impingement – numerical analysis by the ζ-f and hybrid VLES turbulence models
    • Tomasz Kura
    • Elżbieta Fornalik-Wajs
    • Jan Wajs
    • Sasa Kenjeres
    2022

    Presented paper summarizes the Authors findings referring to the numerical analyses of the jet impinging phenomena in the case of complex jets configurations in various applications e.g. in the heat exchangers. Multiple jets interference resulting in the cross-flow and the surface curvature are the factors which impose the need of advanced turbulence models utilization. The outcome of the research based on the ζ-f turbulence model as the common part in the RANS and the hybrid VLES formulations, is discussed. The advantage of the VLES model in the analysis of the complex interaction between the impinging jets has been demonstrated.

  • Multiplicative Long Short-Term Memory with Improved Mayfly Optimization for LULC Classification
    • Andrzej Stateczny
    • Shanthi Mandekolu Bolugallu
    • Parameshachari Bidare Divakarachari
    • Kavithaa Ganesan
    • Jamuna Rani Muthu
    2022 Full text Remote Sensing

    Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) monitoring is crucial for global transformation, sustainable land control, urban planning, urban growth prediction, and the establishment of climate regulations for long-term development. Remote sensing images have become increasingly important in many environmental planning and land use surveys in recent times. LULC is evaluated in this research using the Sat 4, Sat 6, and Eurosat datasets. Various spectral feature bands are involved, but unexpectedly little consideration has been given to these characteristics in deep learning models. Due to the wide availability of RGB models in computer vision, this research mainly utilized RGB bands. Once the pre-processing is carried out for the images of the selected dataset, the hybrid feature extraction is performed using Haralick texture features, an oriented gradient histogram, a local Gabor binary pattern histogram sequence, and Harris Corner Detection to extract features from the images. After that, the Improved Mayfly Optimization (IMO) method is used to choose the optimal features. IMO-based feature selection algorithms have several advantages that include features such as a high learning rate and computational efficiency. After obtaining the optimal feature selection, the LULC classes are classified using a multi-class classifier known as the Multiplicative Long Short-Term Memory (mLSTM) network. The main functionality of the multiplicative LSTM classifier is to recall appropriate information for a comprehensive duration. In order to accomplish an improved result in LULC classification, a higher amount of remote sensing data should be processed. So, the simulation outcomes demonstrated that the proposed IMO-mLSTM efficiently classifies the LULC classes in terms of classification accuracy, recall, and precision. When compared with ConvNet and Alexnet, the proposed IMO-mLSTM method accomplished accuracies of 99.99% on Sat 4, 99.98% on Sat 6, and 98.52% on the Eurosat datasets.

  • Multispectral Imaging Using Fluorescent Properties of Indocyanine Green and Methylene Blue in Colorectal Surgery—Initial Experience
    • Wojciech Polom
    • Marcin Migaczewski
    • Jaroslaw Skokowski
    • Maciej Swierblewski
    • Tomasz Cwalinski
    • Leszek Kalinowski
    • Michal Pedziwiatr
    • Marcin Matuszewski
    • Karol Polom
    2022 Full text Journal of Clinical Medicine

    Introduction: Image-guided surgery is becoming a new tool in colorectal surgery. Intraoperative visualisation of different structures using fluorophores helps during various steps of operations. In our report, we used two fluorophores—indocyanine green (ICG), and methylene blue (MB)— during different steps of colorectal surgery, using one camera system for two separate near-infrared wavelengths. Material and methods: Twelve patients who underwent complex open or laparoscopic colorectal surgeries were enrolled. Intravenous injections of MB and ICG at different time points were administered. Visualisation of intraoperative ureter position and fluorescent angiography for optimal anastomosis was performed. A retrospective analysis of patients treated in our departments during 2020 was performed, and data about ureter injury and anastomotic site complications were collected. Results: Intraoperative localisation of ureters with MB under fluorescent light was possible in 11 patients. The mean signal-to-background ratio was 1.58 0.71. Fluorescent angiography before performing anastomosis using ICG was successful in all 12 patients, and none required a change in position of the planned colon resection for anastomosis. The median signal-to-background ratios was 1.25 (IQR: 1.22–1.89). Across both centres, iatrogenic injury of the ureter was found in 0.4% of cases, and complications associated with anastomosis was found in 5.5% of cases. Conclusions: Our study showed a substantial opportunity for using two different fluorophores in colorectal surgery, whereby the visualisation of one will not change the possible quantification analysis of the other. Using two separate dyes during one procedure may help in optimisation of the fluorescent properties of both dyes when using them for different applications. Visualisation of different structures by different fluorophores seems to be the future of image-guided surgery, and shows progress in optical technologies used in image-guided surgery.

  • Multi-task Video Enhancement for Dental Interventions
    • Efkleidis Katsaros
    • Piotr Kopa Ostrowski
    • Krzysztof Włódarczak
    • Emilia Lewandowska
    • Jacek Rumiński
    • Damian Siupka-Mróz
    • Łukasz Lassmann
    • Anna Jezierska
    • Daniel Węsierski
    2022

    A microcamera firmly attached to a dental handpiece allows dentists to continuously monitor the progress of conservative dental procedures. Video enhancement in video-assisted dental interventions alleviates low-light, noise, blur, and camera handshakes that collectively degrade visual comfort. To this end, we introduce a novel deep network for multi-task video enhancement that enables macro-visualization of dental scenes. In particular, the proposed network jointly leverages video restoration and temporal alignment in a multi-scale manner for effective video enhancement. Our experiments on videos of natural teeth in phantom scenes demonstrate that the proposed network achieves state-of-the-art results in multiple tasks with near real-time processing. We release Vident-lab at https://doi.org/10.34808/1jby-ay90, the first dataset of dental videos with multi-task labels to facilitate further research in relevant video processing applications.

  • Multi-Temporal Analysis of Changes of the Southern Part of the Baltic Sea Coast Using Aerial Remote Sensing Data
    • Krystyna Michałowska
    • Ewa Głowienka
    2022 Full text Remote Sensing

    Understanding processes that affect changes in the coastal zone and the ability to predict these processes in the future depends on the period for which detailed monitoring is carried out and on the type of coast. This paper analyzes a southern fragment of the Baltic coast (30 km), where there has been no anthropogenic impact (Slowinski National Park). The study was carried out covering a time interval of 65 years. Historic and current aerial photographs (orthophotomaps) from the following years: 1951, 1964, 1975, 1984, 1995, 2004, and 2016 were used. Changes in the position of the foredune toe line (FTL) in each years’ images were used. For each time interval (1951–1964, 1964–1975, 1975–1984, 1984–1995, 1995–2004, 2004–2016), the coastal area over which morphodynamic processes (erosion and accumulation) took place was calculated. The calculated RL (reference line)—FTL positions allowed us to determine differences in the shoreline course in subsequent years and to determine the extent of shifts/changes of the coastline in each time period. The study results showed an equilibrium between the processes of accumulation and erosion, proving that the development of the studied natural coastline is balanced. There was only a change in the trend of the characteristics of changes from erosive into accumulative ones and vice versa. Moreover, along the studied coast section, a certain periodicity in the coastline changes can be observed. The intervals where predominant erosion occurs alternate with those when accumulation prevails, and then the cycle repeats. The analysis of historic/current aerial images and orthophotomaps from 1951–2016 indicated that strong storms have a significant impact on the magnitude of change (accumulation/erosion) and the formation of the studied coastline.

  • Multivariate Statistical Analysis for Mutual Dependence Assessment of Selected Polyphenols, Organic Acids and Metals in Cool-Climate Wines
    • Magdalena Fabjanowicz
    • Vasil Simeonov
    • Marcin Frankowski
    • Wojciech Wojnowski
    • Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
    2022 Full text MOLECULES

    Polyphenols, organic acids and metal ions are an important group of compounds that affect the human health and quality of food and beverage products, including wines. It is known that a specific correlation between these groups exist. While wines coming from the New World and the Old World countries are extensively studied, wines coming from cool-climate countries are rarely discussed in the literature. One of the goals of this study was to determine the elemental composition of the wine samples, which later on, together as polyphenols and organic acids content, was used as input data for chemometric analysis. The multivariate statistical approach was applied in order to find specific correlations between the selected group of compounds in the cool-climate wines and the features that distinguish the most and differ between red and white wines and rosé wines. Moreover, special attention was paid to resveratrol and its correlation with selected wine constituents.

  • Muramyl dipeptide-based analogs as potential anticancer compounds: Strategies to improve selectivity, biocompatibility, and efficiency
    • Eliza Iwicka
    • Justyna Hajtuch
    • Krystyna Dzierzbicka
    • Iwona Inkielewicz-Stępniak
    2022 Full text Frontiers in Oncology

    According to the WHO, cancer is the second leading cause of death in the world. This is an important global problem and a major challenge for researchers who have been trying to find an effective anticancer therapy. A large number of newly discovered compounds do not exert selective cytotoxic activity against tumorigenic cells and have too many side effects. Therefore, research on muramyl dipeptide (MDP) analogs has attracted interest due to the urgency for finding more efficient and safe treatments for oncological patients. MDP is a ligand of the cytosolic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2 receptor (NOD2). This molecule is basic structural unit that is responsible for the immune activity of peptidoglycans and exhibits many features that are important for modern medicine. NOD2 is a component of the innate immune system and represents a promising target for enhancing the innate immune response as well as the immune response against cancer cells. For this reason, MDP and its analogs have been widely used for many years not only in the treatment of immunodeficiency diseases but also as adjuvants to support improved vaccine delivery, including for cancer treatment. Unfortunately, in most cases, both the MDP molecule and its synthesized analogs prove to be too pyrogenic and cause serious side effects during their use, which consequently exclude them from direct clinical application. Therefore, intensive research is underway to find analogs of the MDP molecule that will have better biocompatibility and greater effectiveness as anticancer agents and for adjuvant therapy. In this paper, we review the MDP analogs discovered in the last 10 years that show promise for antitumor therapy. The first part of the paper compiles the achievements in the field of anticancer vaccine adjuvant research, which is followed by a description of MDP analogs that exhibit promising anticancer and antiproliferative activity and their structural changes compared to the original MDP molecule.

  • Musical Instrument Identification Using Deep Learning Approach
    • Maciej Blaszke
    • Bożena Kostek
    2022 Full text SENSORS

    The work aims to propose a novel approach for automatically identifying all instruments present in an audio excerpt using sets of individual convolutional neural networks (CNNs) per tested instrument. The paper starts with a review of tasks related to musical instrument identification. It focuses on tasks performed, input type, algorithms employed, and metrics used. The paper starts with the background presentation, i.e., metadata description and a review of related works. This is followed by showing the dataset prepared for the experiment and its division into subsets: training, validation, and evaluation. Then, the analyzed architecture of the neural network model is presented. Based on the described model, training is performed, and several quality metrics are determined for the training and validation sets. The results of the evaluation of the trained network on a separate set are shown. Detailed values for precision, recall, and the number of true and false positive and negative detections are presented. The model efficiency is high, with the metric values ranging from 0.86 for the guitar to 0.99 for drums. Finally, a discussion and a summary of the results obtained follows.

  • Mussel‐inspired biomaterials: From chemistry to clinic
    • Ali Taghizadeh
    • Mohsen Taghizadeh
    • Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
    • Payam Zarrintaj
    • Joshua D. Ramsey
    • Farzad Seidi
    • Florian J. Stadler
    • Haeshin Lee
    • Mohammad Saeb
    • Masoud Mozafari
    2022 Full text Bioengineering & Translational Medicine

    After several billions of years, nature still makes decisions on its own to identify, develop, and direct the most effective material for phenomena/challenges faced. Likewise, and inspired by the nature, we learned how to take steps in developing new technologies and materials innovations. Wet and strong adhesion by Mytilidae mussels (among which Mytilus edulis—blue mussel and Mytilus californianus—California mussel are the most well-known species) has been an inspiration in developing advanced adhesives for the moist condition. The wet adhesion phenomenon is significant in designing tissue adhesives and surgical sealants. However, a deep understanding of engaged chemical moieties, microenvironmental conditions of secreted proteins, and other contributing mechanisms for outstanding wet adhesion mussels are essential for the optimal design of wet glues. In this review, all aspects of wet adhesion of Mytilidae mussels, as well as different strategies needed for designing and fabricating wet adhesives are discussed from a chemistry point of view. Developed muscle-inspired chemistry is a versatile technique when designing not only wet adhesive, but also, in several more applications, especially in the bioengineering area. The applications of muscle-inspired biomaterials in various medical applications are summarized for future developments in the field.

  • Nanocząstki w chemioterapii: charakterystyka, strategie projektowania, mechanizm wnikania oraz degradacja wewnątrzkomórkowa
    • Joanna Pilch
    2022 Full text Postępy Biochemii

    Pomimo znaczącego postępu w leczeniu nowotworów skuteczne metody ich leczenia po-zostają ograniczone. Wciąż jedną z głównych metod terapii pozostaje chemioterapia, jednakże często wywołuje ona wiele efektów ubocznych. Związane jest to m. in. z brakiem istotnych różnic pomiędzy komórkami nowotworowymi a prawidłowymi, właściwościami fizykochemicznymi samych chemioterapeutyków, a także zjawiskiem lekooporności. W celu obniżenia działań niepożądanych oraz podniesienia specyficzności chemioterapeuty-ków względem komórek nowotworowych poszukiwane są nowe metody ich dostarczania do komórek guza. Jedną z nich jest zastosowanie nanocząstek (ang. Nanoparticles, NPs) jako platform transportujących. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiono charakterystykę NPs po-siadających zastosowanie w chemioterapii m. in.: kropek kwantowych, nanocząstek złota, dendrymerów, miceli oraz liposomów. Omówiono także strategię w projektowaniu i opty-malizacji syntezy nanocząstek oraz oceny różnych mechanizmów ich wnikania do komórek, jak również ich degradację wewnątrzkomórkową oraz toksyczność.

  • Nanomaterials for photothermal and photodynamic cancer therapy
    • Behzad Nasseri
    • Effat Alizadeh
    • Farhad Bani
    • Soodabeh Davaran
    • Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
    • Navid Rabiee
    • Ali Bahadori
    • Mojtaba Ziaei
    • Mojtaba Bagherzadeh
    • Mohammad Saeb
    • Masoud Mozafari
    • Michael R. Hamblin
    2022 Applied Physics Reviews

    In recent years, the role of optically sensitive nanomaterials has become powerful moieties in therapeutic techniques and has become particularly emphasized. Currently, by the extraordinary development of nanomaterials in different fields of medicine, they have found new applications. Phototherapy modalities, such as photothermal therapy (PTT) by toxic heat generation and photodynamic therapy (PDT) by reactive oxygen species, are known as promising phototherapeutic techniques, which can overcome the limitations of conventional protocols. Moreover, nanomaterial-based PDT and PTT match the simultaneous immune therapy and increase the immune system stimulation resulting from the denaturation of cancer cells. Nevertheless, nanomaterials should have sufficient biocompatibility and efficiency to meet PDT and PTT requirements as therapeutic agents. The present review focuses on the therapeutic potency of PDT, PTT, and also their combined modalities, which are known alternative protocols with minimal morbidity integrated into gold standard treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy at tumor treatment and cancer-related infectious diseases. In addition, for deeper understanding, photoablation effects with emphasis on the nature, morphology, and size of photosensitive nanomaterials in PDT and PTT were studied. Finally, transportation techniques and moieties needed as carriers of photosensitizers and photothermal therapy agents to hard-accessed regions, for example, cancerous regions, were investigated

  • Nanosorbents as Materials for Extraction Processes of Environmental Contaminants and Others
    • María José Santoyo Treviño
    • Sergio Zarazúa
    • Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
    2022 Full text MOLECULES

    The aim of this work focuses on the application of nanomaterials (NMs) in different sorp- tive extraction techniques for the analysis of organic contaminants from environmental samples of distinct matrix compositions. Without any doubt, the integration of specific NMs such as carbona- ceous nanomaterials, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs), metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), silica na- noparticles, and ion-imprinted NPs with so lid-phase extraction techniques counting d-SPE, solid- phase microextraction (SPME), and stir bar sorptive extraction (SBSE) impact on the improvements in analytical performance. The application of NMs assorbents in the extraction of organic pollutants in environmental samples allows for providing better sensitivity, repeatability, reproducibility, and reusability.

  • Nanostructure of the laser-modified transition metal nanocomposites for water splitting
    • Jakub Wawrzyniak
    • Jakub Karczewski
    • Emerson Coy
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Katarzyna Grochowska
    • Siuzdak Katarzyna
    2022 Full text NANOTECHNOLOGY

    Although hydrogen is considered by many to be the green fuel of the future, nowadays it is primarily produced through steam reforming, which is a process far from ecological. Therefore, emphasis is being put on the development of electrodes capable of the efficient production of hydrogen and oxygen from water. To make the green alternative possible, the solution should be cost-efficient and well processable, generating less waste which is a huge challenge. In this work, the laser-based modification technique of the titania nanotubes containing sputtered transition metal species (Fe, Co, Ni, and Cu) was employed. The characteristics of the electrodes are provided both for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, where the influence of the laser treatment has been found to have the opposite effect. The structural and chemical analysis of the substrate material provides insight into pathways towards more efficient, low-temperature water splitting. Laser-assisted integration of transition metal with the tubular nanostructure results in the match-like structure where the metal species are accumulated at the head. The electrochemical data indicates a significant decrease in material resistance that leads to an overpotential of only +0.69 V at 10 mA/cm2 for nickel-modified material.

  • Natural fish oil improves the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells to oligodendrocytes in vitro after interaction with the blood–brain barrier
    • Paweł Piatek
    • Natalia Lewkowicz
    • Sylwia Michlewska
    • Marek Wieczorek
    • Radosław Bonikowski
    • Karol Parchem
    • Przemysław Lewkowicz
    • Magdalena Namiecinska
    2022 Full text Frontiers in Immunology

    The blood–brain barrier (BBB) tightly controls the microenvironment of the central nervous system (CNS) to allow neurons to function properly. Additionally, emerging studies point to the beneficial effect of natural oils affecting a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes in the human body. In this study, using an in vitro model of the BBB, we tested the influence of natural fish oil mixture (FOM) vs. borage oil (BO), both rich in longchain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) such as oleic acid (C18:1n9c) or nervonic acid (NA), on human oligodendrocyte precursor cells (hOPCs) during their maturation to oligodendrocytes (OLs) regarding their ability to synthesize myelin peptides and NA. We demonstrated that FOM, opposite to BO, supplemented endothelial cells (ECs) and astrocytes forming the BBB, affecting the function of hOPCs during their maturation. This resulted in improved synthesis of myelin basic protein (MBP), myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), proteolipid protein (PLP), and NA in mature OLs. This effect is probably the result of BBB cell and hOPC stimulation via free fatty acid receptors (FFARs), which increases insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and brainderived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and inhibits fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF-2) synthesis. The unique formula of fish oil, characterized by much more varied components compared to those of BOs, also improved the enhancement of the tight junction by increasing the expression of claudin-5 and VE-cadherin on ECs. The obtained data justify consideration of naturally derived fish oil intake in human diet as affecting during remyelination.

  • Natural sweeteners: Sources, extraction and current uses in foods and food industries
    • Roberto Castro-Muñoz
    • Mariela Correa-Delgado
    • Rafael Córdova-Almeida
    • David Lara-Nava
    • Mariana Chávez-Muñoz
    • Valeria Fernanda Velásquez-Chávez
    • Carlos Eduardo Hernández-Torres
    • Emilia Gontarek-Castro
    • Mohd Zamidi Ahmad
    2022 Full text FOOD CHEMISTRY

    Food producers have leaned towards alternative natural and synthetic sweeteners in food formulations to satisfy market demands. Even so, several synthetic sweeteners (e.g., aspartame, saccharin, sucralose) are becoming less popular due to health-related concerns, lower nutritional values, and controversies around their safety. Conversely, natural sweeteners confer favourable customer perceptions due to their association to a healthier lifestyle and higher nutritional values. This article discusses the evidence of natural sweeteners in the available commercial products. A comprehensive review of natural sweeteners is presented, which includes their resources, properties and extraction methods, as well as a discussion on several emerging technologies that offer improvements to the traditional extraction methods. Finally, the progress of natural sweeteners in the food industry is assessed, and the commercial food products containing these natural sweeteners are mentioned.

  • Nauka w świecie cyfrowym okiem młodego inżyniera - jakość życia a jakość powietrza w miastach
    • Bartosz Pingot
    • Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
    2022 Pismo PG

    Obecne w powietrzu zanieczyszczenia biorą udział w procesach zmian klimatycznych, a także bezpośrednio wpływają na ludzkie zdrowie, przejawiając toksyczność w wyższych stężeniach oraz zwiększając ryzyko występowania szerokiej gamy chorób. Jest to szczególnie niebezpieczne dla mieszkańców dużych miast oraz tych znajdujących się w grupach ryzyka. Dlatego też bardzo ważna pozostaje kwestia monitorowania stanu zanieczyszczenia powietrza w miastach.