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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2023

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  • Concentration‐Induced Hetero‐Valent Partial‐Inverse Occupation of Infrared Phosphor
    • Dominik Kreft
    • Jia‐Yu Hsu
    • Ren-jei Chung
    • Yen‐Ling Kuo
    • Chun Che Lin
    • Natalia Majewska
    • Sebastian Mahlik
    • Mu-huai Fang
    2023 Advanced Optical Materials

    Infrared luminescent materials have evoked much attention from chemists and material scientists. Although substantial progress is made in materials design, the luminescent mechanism remains ambiguous in the complex structures, presenting major barriers to developing novel infrared luminescent materials. Herein, this study aims to deliberate a complete discussion on infrared phosphors with concentration-induced hetero-valent partial-inverse occupation. High-resolution synchrotron X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy reveal the subtle structural change in LiGa5(1−x)O8:5xCr3+. Besides, Cr K-edge wavelet analysis and extended X-ray absorption fine structure illustrate the impact of Cr in the second shell of another Cr ion and the practical coordination of Ga and Cr ions. Furthermore, unexpected two-center Cr3+ emissions and the Cr–Cr pair emission are observed at high Cr concentrations. Variation between the zero-phonon line and N-line at different temperatures is demonstrated. Finally, the structural and luminescent properties are comprehensively discussed, providing the origin of the unexpected Cr2 emission. This study not only provides insight into the hetero-valent partial-inverse occupation process in inorganic materials but also sheds light on developing novel infrared luminescent materials.

  • Concept of an Innovative System for Dimensioning and Predicting Changes in the Coastal Zone Topography Using UAVs and USVs (4DBatMap System)
    • Oktawia Specht
    • Mariusz Specht
    • Andrzej Stateczny
    • Cezary Specht
    2023 Full text Electronics

    This publication is aimed at developing a concept of an innovative system for dimensioning and predicting changes in the coastal zone topography using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) and Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs). The 4DBatMap system will consist of four components: 1. Measurement data acquisition module. Bathymetric and photogrammetric measurements will be carried out with a specific frequency in the coastal zone using a UAV equipped with a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS)/Inertial Navigation System (INS), Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) and a photogrammetric camera, as well as a USV equipped with a GNSS Real Time Kinematic (RTK) receiver and a MultiBeam EchoSounder (MBES). 2. Multi-sensor geospatial data fusion module. Low-altitude aerial imagery, hydrographic and LiDAR data acquired using UAVs and USVs will be integrated into one. The result will be an accurate and fully covered with measurements terrain of the coastal zone. 3. Module for predicting changes in the coastal zone topography. As part of this module, a computer application will be created, which, based on the analysis of a time series, will determine the optimal method for describing the spatial and temporal variability (long-term trend and seasonal fluctuations) of the coastal zone terrain. 4. Module for imaging changes in the coastal zone topography. The final result of the 4DBatMap system will be a 4D bathymetric chart to illustrate how the coastal zone topography changes over time.

  • Conditions for increasing the recognition of degradation in thermal-flow diagnostics, taking into account environmental legal aspects
    • Marta Drosińska-Komor
    • Jerzy Głuch
    • Katarzyna Brzezińska-gołębiewska
    • Michał Piotrowicz
    • Paweł Ziółkowski
    2023 Full text Journal of Power Technologies

    The ever-increasing demand for electricity and the need for conventional sources to cooperate with renewable ones generates the need to increase the efficiency and safety of the generation sources. Therefore, it is necessary to find a way to operate existing facilities more efficiently with full detection of emerging faults. These are the requirements of Polish, European and International law, which demands that energy facilities operate with the highest efficiency and meet a number of restrictive requirements. In order to improve the operation of steam power plants of electric generating stations, thermal-fluid diagnostics have been traditionally used, and in this paper a three-hull steam turbine, having a high-pressure, a medium-pressure and a low-pressure part, has been selected for analysis. The turbine class is of the order of 200 MW electric. Genetic algorithms (GA) were used in the process of creating the diagnostic model. So far, they have been used for diagnostic purposes in gas turbines, and no work has been found in the literature using GA for the diagnostic process of such complex objects as steam turbines located in professional manufacturing facilities. The use of genetic algorithms allowed rapid acquisition of global extremes, that is efficiency and power of the unit. The result of the work undertaken is the possibility to carry out a full diagnostic process, meaning detection, localization and identification of single and double degradations. In this way 100 % of the main faults are found, but there are sometimes additional ones, and these are not perfectly identified especially for single time detection. Thus, the results showed that with a very high success rate the simulated damage to the geometrical elements of the steam turbine under study is found.

  • CONDITIONS OF THE GREEN TRANSFORMATION. THE CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION
    • Katarzyna Cheba
    • Iwona Bąk
    • Michał Pietrzak
    2023 Full text Technological and Economic Development of Economy

    The main purpose of the paper is to identify the factors that determine the course of green transformation and to assess the current stage and possible directions of change in subsequent years in EU countries. The literature lacks comprehensive studies that show the impact of diverse types of factors on the course of green transformation. For this purpose, two perspectives of the research – economic and environmental – are usually taken into account. This paper also proposes to take social factors into account. The empirical verification was conducted using green growth indicators that are published by the OECD that were compared with factors identified from the literature review. Taxonomic (synthetic) measure of development applying the Weber median and correlation coefficient were used for searching for relationships between the identified groups of indicators described both the changes in the dimension of green growth (internal factors of green transformation) and changes in the dimension of contextual indicators (so-called external factors). The proposed way of combining the results obtained from these two methods of data analysis is also new to research in this field. Its aim is an in-depth exploration of the issue, which enables a 2-step verification of the results obtained.

  • Connected early-career experiences of equality in academia during the pandemic and beyond: Our liminal journey
    • Frederike Scholz
    • Joanna Szulc
    2023 Full text Gender, Work and Organization

    In this paper, we draw on our subjective experiences as two female early-career academics during the global COVID-19 pandemic. While we acknowledge that the pandemic had negative implications for many female scholars due to compulsory telework or increased family responsibilities, we also want to shed light on the empowering experiences shaped by collegial support that became an important part of our pandemic story. We build on the theory of liminality to explain how the events triggered by the pandemic allowed us to break out of our uncomfortable occupational limbo (i.e., feeling “locked-in” to the identity of a foreign-born PhD graduate) and, through creating a kind of equality, resulted in some unique opportunities and challenges. During these difficult times, shaped by an increasing fear of us or our family catching COVID-19, we embarked on a betwixt-and-between state that allowed us to grow as academics as a part of a collective.

  • Consistency of Quantum Computation and the Equivalence Principle.
    • Marcin Nowakowski
    2023 Full text Foundations of Science

    The equivalence principle, being one of the building blocks of general relativity, seems to be crucial for analysis of quantum effects in gravity. In this paper we consider the relation between the equivalence principle and the consistency of quantum information processing in gravitational field. We propose an analysis with a looped evolution consisting of steps both in the gravitational field and in the accelerated reference frame. We show that without the equivalence principle the looped quantum evolution cannot be unitary and looses its consistency. For this reasoning the equivalence principle is formulated in terms of the gauge transformations and is analyzed for particles acquiring an appropriate phase associated with the action over the looped path. In consequence, to keep consistency of quantum operations in gravitational field, it is required to keep a quantum variant of the equivalence principle. This proves importance of the quantized version of this fundamental gravitational principle for quantum information processing.

  • Constrained aerodynamic shape optimization using neural networks and sequential sampling
    • Pavankumar Koratikere
    • Leifur Leifsson
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    • Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
    2023

    Aerodynamic shape optimization (ASO) involves computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-based search for an optimal aerodynamic shape such as airfoils and wings. Gradient-based optimization (GBO) with adjoints can be used efficiently to solve ASO problems with many design variables, but problems with many constraints can still be challenging. The recently created efficient global optimization algorithm with neural network (NN)-based prediction and uncertainty (EGONN) partially alleviates this challenge. A unique feature of EGONN is its ability to sequentially sample the design space and continuously update the NN prediction using an uncertainty model based on NNs. This work proposes a novel extension to EGONN that enables efficient handling of nonlinear constraints and a continuous update of the prediction and prediction uncertainty data sets. The proposed algorithm is demonstrated on constrained airfoil shape optimization in transonic flow and compared against state-of-the-art GBO with adjoints. The results show that the proposed constrained EGONN algorithm yields comparable optimal designs as GBO at a similar computational cost.

  • Construction of a simulation model of goods delivery in international road transportation taking into account the functioning efficiency of logistics supply chain
    • Ievgenii Lebid
    • Nataliia Luzhanska
    • Iryna Lebid
    • Alexander Mazurenko
    • Inesa Halona
    • Anatolii Horban
    • Iryna Mykhailenko
    • Ievgen Medvediev
    • Tetiana Sotnikova
    2023 Full text Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies [ Восточно-Европейский журнал передовых технологий ]

    The object of this study is the process of goods delivery in international road transport using various types of logistics chains. The problem being solved is due to the need to develop recommendations for exporters of goods to reformat or design new supply chains during wartime. The expediency of organizing foreign trade operations by the cargo owners' own forces or with the involvement of enterprises providing logistics consulting services is considered. A simulation model of goods delivery in international road traffic was built and implemented in the GPSS World simulation automation package. The model involves the optimization of organizational and technological processes related to the activity of both a separate link and the entire supply chain. The study takes into account the components of the time characteristics of the performance of preparatory work when establishing cooperation with institutions and organizations, as well as the direct service of the exporter. The application of the developed model in practical activities will provide an opportunity for exporters to obtain information about the duration and reliability of the stages of a foreign trade operation and the feasibility of involving consulting enterprises in cooperation. At the same time, the simulation results reflect the performance indicators of the proposed supply chains when delivering goods by road transport along various routes. The proposed simulation model will make it possible to reduce the time spent searching for links in the formation of a supply chain by 8–12 %, and the duration of a foreign trade operation by 10–14 %. Thus, the reliability of cooperation with intermediary organizations will increase by 8–11 %

  • Contemporary multifunctional buildings towards a sustainable development of the housing environment
    • Antoni Taraszkiewicz
    • Mateusz Gerigk
    2023 Full text Środowisko Mieszkaniowe

    Development of contemporary urban centers depends on the basis that buildings present more and more complex structures in terms of size and purpose. They are referred to as multifunctional buildings. This aspiration has its origins in the development of urban centers and in the desire to optimize the built-up areas. The article presents the theory of the approach to the design of multifunctional buildings with a focus on the residential function and the nature of environment that these objects shape. The optimization of the design model shows the multi-threaded nature in the pursuit of determining its functional features. This paper presents a model based approach to the design of multifunctional structures with the residential function based on theoretical considerations and practical knowledge. Examples show an upward trend in the construction of residential complexes. The presented research results show an original, systemic approach to the issue, from the urban context to the architectural environment, which aims to improve the design model constituting a part of larger functional complexes. The integration of systems theory, architectural design and spatial execution provides the methodological framework of the work.

  • Continuous blood pressure monitoring by photoplethysmography - signal preprocessing requirements based on blood flow modelling
    • Artur Poliński
    2023 Full text PHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENT

    Objective. The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of the signal sampling frequency and low-pass filtering on the accuracy of the localisation of the fiducial points of the photoplethysmographic signal (PPG), and thus on the estimation of the blood pressure (i.e. the accuracy of the estimation). Approach. Statistical analysis was performed on 3,799 data samples taken from a publicly available database. Four PPGfiducial points of each sample signal were examined in the study. Main results. Simulation suggests that for noise-free data, cubic spline interpolation causes the sampling frequency (in the considered range of 62.5–500 Hz) to have only limited influence on localisation of the fiducial point. Better results were obtained for the pulse transit time (PTT)than pulse arrival time (PAT) approach. The acceptable filter band depends on the selected fiducial point and PAT or PTT approach. The best results were obtained for the tangent fiducial point. Significance. The presented results make it possible to estimate the minimum requirements for the sampling frequency and filtering of the PPG signal in order to obtain a reliable estimation of blood pressure

  • Contra Bellum: Bell's Theorem as a Confusion of Languages
    • Marek Czachor
    2023 Full text ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A

    Bell's theorem is a conflict of mathematical predictions formulated within an infinite hierarchy of mathematical models. Inequalities formulated at level k ∈ Z are violated by probabilities at level k+1. We are inclined to think that k=0 corresponds to the classical world, while k=1 — to the quantum one. However, as the k=0 inequalities are violated by k=1 probabilities, the same relation holds between k=1 inequalities violated by k=2 probabilities, k=-1 inequalities violated by k=0 probabilities, and so forth. By accepting the logic of the Bell theorem, can we prove by induction that nothing exists?

  • Controlling crystallites orientation and facet exposure for enhanced electrochemical properties of polycrystalline MoO3 films
    • Konrad Trzciński
    • Zuzanna Zarach
    • Mariusz Szkoda
    • Andrzej Nowak
    • Katarzyna Berent
    • Mirosław Sawczak
    2023 Full text Scientific Reports

    This study focuses on the development and optimization of MoO3 films on commercially available FTO substrates using the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique. By carefully selecting deposition conditions and implementing post-treatment procedures, precise control over crystallite orientation relative to the substrate is achieved. Deposition at 450 °C in O2 atmosphere results in random crystallite arrangement, while introducing argon instead of oxygen to the PLD chamber during the initial stage of sputtering exposes the (102) and (011) facets. On the other hand, room temperature deposition leads to the formation of amorphous film, but after appropriate post-annealing treatment, the (00k) facets were exposed. The deposited films are studied using SEM and XRD techniques. Moreover, electrochemical properties of FTO/MoO3 electrodes immersed in 1 M AlCl3 aqueous solution are evaluated using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results demonstrate that different electrochemical processes are promoted based on the orientation of crystallites. When the (102) and (011) facets are exposed, the Al3+ ions intercalation induced by polarization is facilitated, while the (00k) planes exposure leads to the diminished hydrogen evolution reaction overpotential.

  • Conversion of waste biomass to designed and tailored activated chars with valuable properties for adsorption and electrochemical applications
    • Katarzyna Januszewicz
    • Paweł Kazimierski
    • Anita Cymann-Sachajdak
    • Paulina Hercel
    • Beata Barczak
    • Monika Wilamowska-Zawłocka
    • Dariusz Kardas
    • Justyna Łuczak
    2023 Full text ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH

    Waste biomass, a renewable energy source, is inexpensive material that has great potential in sorp-tion and electrochemical application. The selected waste materials (corncobs, coconut shells, wal-nuts, and pistachio husks) allow to close the production cycle and enable material recycling, which are important aspects in the hierarchy of waste management. The proposed methodology for pro-duction and activation of biochars can be used industrially due to highly porous structure, devel-oped surface area and sorption ability of the obtained activated carbons (AC). A significant increase (from 4 up to more than 10 times) in specific surface area (SSA) is observed for all samples after the CO2 activation process (0.5 h at 800°C) up to 725 m2⸱g-1 for corncobs, 534.9 m2⸱g-1 for pistachio husks, 523 m2⸱g-1 for coconut shells, and 393 m2⸱g-1 for walnut husks. The highest value of SSA is achieved for the AC derived from corncobs. This material is evaluated for use as an adsorbent, re-vealing 99% removal of Rhodamine B (dye/AC ratio of 0.0017) and 69% removal of chromium (dye/AC ratio of 0.0028). Based on the adsorption kinetics analysis, it is demonstrated that the Cr (VI) undergoes physical adsorption, while RhB - chemisorption. In addition, corncob-derived AC exhibits superior electrochemical performance in 6 M KOH compared to the non-activated biochar. A specific capacitance of 70 F⸱g-1 at 5 A⸱g-1 is achieved, along with outstanding rate capability (45 F⸱g-1 at 50 A⸱g-1) and cycling stability (94% at 10 A⸱g-1 after 10 000 cycles). In contrast, the non-activated sample shows only 34 F⸱g-1 at 5 A⸱g-1 and 13 F⸱g-1 at 50 A⸱g-1, with a stability of 91.4%.

  • Core loss resistance impact on sensorless speed control of an induction motor using hybrid adaptive sliding mode observer
    • Tadele Ayana
    • Lelisa Wogi
    • Marcin Morawiec
    2023 Full text Archives of Electrical Engineering

    Induction motors (IMs) experience power losses when a portion of the input power is converted to heat instead of driving the load. The combined effect of copper losses, core losses, and mechanical losses results in IM power losses. Unfortunately, the core losses in the motor, which have a considerable impact on its energy efficiency, are not taken into account by the generally employed dynamic model in the majority of the studies. Due to this, the motor rating often corresponds to the worst-case load in applications, but the motor frequently operates below rated conditions. A hybridized model reference adaptive system (MRAS) with sliding mode control (SMC) is used in this study for sensorless speed control of an induction motor with core loss, allowing the motor to operate under a variety of load conditions. As a result, the machine can run at maximum efficiency while carrying its rated load. By adjusting the -axis current in the − reference frame in vector-controlled drives, the system's performance is enhanced by running the motor at its optimum flux. Regarding the torque and speed of both induction motors with and without core loss, the Adaptive Observer Sliding Mode Control (AOSMC) has been constructed and simulated in this case. The AOSMC with core loss produced good performance when the proposed controller was tested.

  • Corporate social responsibility and forward default risk mediated by financial performance and goodwill
    • Muhammad Mushafiq
    • Błażej Prusak
    • Magdalena Markiewicz
    2023 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION

    In today’s business environment, corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become an increasingly significant factor for firms. This study is driven by the motivation to add to the current literature by investigating the mediating elements that explain the relationship between CSR and forward default risk. In this paper, we attempt to identify the important mediators and give a more comprehensive explanation of this connection by a thorough assessment of the available literature and empirical research. This study explored the relationship between corporate social responsibility and forward default risk through financial performance and goodwill. The study sample consisted of constituents of Standard and Poor’s (S&P) 500 index. It was found from the results of the study that corporate social responsibility has an effect on forward default risk through goodwill and financial performance. The direct and indirect effect of CSR on forward default risk is more enhanced in a 1-year period, as the effect on 3-year forward default risk is lower. Similar results are found during period of economic upswing; however, there is no mediation in CSR and 1-year forward default risk by goodwill. This study has some policy implications. Overall, the study adds to the growing body of literature (stakeholder theory and corporate finance theory) on the relationship between CSR and the financial aspect of firms and highlights the importance of considering CSR in financial decision-making and risk management.

  • Corrosion degradation impact on mechanical properties of structural steel
    • Krzysztof Wołoszyk
    • Yordan Garbatov
    2023 Full text

    Recently, extensive research was conducted regarding the impact of corrosion degradation on the mechanical properties of structural steel. Studies show that at the material level, the microstructure is somewhat unchanged due to corrosion degradation. However, the corrosion causes pits and structural surface irregularities that consequently impact the mean stress-strain response of typical coupon specimens subjected to tensile loading. Regrettably, the current industrial standards do not account for that phenomenon and treat the impact of corrosion degradation as the uniform thinning of the structural steel. The presented work aims to acknowledge the recent studies regarding the impact of corrosion degradation on the mechanical properties of structural steel, to show future perspectives and to outline the need for more research in this field.

  • Corrosion mechanisms in columns for atmospheric distillation of crude oil
    • Juliusz Orlikowski
    • Radosław Gospoś
    • Tomasz Olczak
    • Kazimierz Darowicki
    2023 Ochrona przed Korozją

    The paper presents the most common corrosion processes occurring in the columns for atmospheric distillation of crude oil. It describes the mechanisms leading to formation of the chemical compounds, which contribute to corrosion phenomena. The main technological factors influencing corrosion processes have been indicated. The paper also presents the interactions between particular corrosion mechanisms resulting in acceleration or inhibition of corrosion rate.

  • Corrosion Properties of Dissimilar AA6082/AA6060 Friction Stir Welded Butt Joints in Different NaCl Concentrations
    • Aleksandra Laska
    • Marek Szkodo
    • Łukasz Pawłowski
    • Grzegorz Gajowiec
    2023 Full text International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing-Green Technology

    A solid-state friction stir welding method which is increasingly used in the marine and shipbuilding industry, has been developed to produce welds with high mechanical properties. In seawater, the oxide layer of aluminium is attacked by Cl− ions resulting in its disruption and formation of pitting corrosion. It is particularly important to determine the electrochemical properties of the produced welds and to evaluate the efect of welding parameters on these properties. The following paper presents a study on the corrosion properties of welds of dissimilar aluminium alloys, AA6082 and AA6060, produced for two diferent tool traverse speeds of 160 and 200 mm/min, with consideration of the size of crystallites and residual stresses in the samples, determined by Williamson-Hall analysis and micro-indentation tests. The results revealed that the size of the crystallites in the welds was larger compared to the base materials and the friction mstir welding process generated residual compressive stresses. Furthermore, the welds exhibited higher corrosion resistance compared to the parent materials. Scanning electron microscope observations indicated that the preferred locations of corrosion propagation for welds are the edges on the joint line formed by the combination of rotational and linear motion of the tool.

  • Cosmic-Time Quantum Mechanics and the Passage-of-Time Problem
    • Marek Czachor
    2023 Full text Universe

    A new dynamical paradigm merging quantum dynamics with cosmology is discussed.

  • Cost-Efficient Two-Level Modeling of Microwave Passives Using Feature-Based Surrogates and Domain Confinement
    • Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    • Qi-Jun Zhang
    2023 Full text Electronics

    A variety of surrogate modelling techniques has been utilized in high-frequency design over the last two decades. Yet, the curse of dimensionality still poses a serious challenge in setting up re-liable design-ready surrogates of modern microwave components. The difficulty of the model-ing task is only aggravated by nonlinearity of circuit responses. Consequently, constructing a practically usable surrogate model, valid across extended ranges of material, geometry, and op-erational parameters, is far from easy. As a matter of fact, conventional modeling techniques are merely capable of building models for microwave structures featuring a relatively small num-ber of designable parameters within reduced ranges thereof. One of possible ways of mitigating these obstacles may be the employment of the recently proposed two-stage performance-driven modeling approach. Therein, the surrogate model domain is narrowed-down to the section of the space where the vectors of adequate quality are located, thereby permitting to significantly reduce the cost of acquiring the training data. Seeking even further cost reduction, this work in-troduces a novel modeling framework, which exploits problem-specific knowledge extracted from the circuit responses to achieve substantial cost-savings of training data acquisition. In our methodology, the modeling procedure targets response features instead of the complete re-sponses. The response features are the characteristic locations of the circuit response, such as relevant minima or maxima over selected frequency bands. The dependency of the coordinates of the said features on circuit dimensions is considerably less non-linear than it is observed for the complete characteristics, which enables sizable reduction of the data acquisition cost. Nu-merical validation of our procedure involving three microwave structures corroborates its re-markable efficiency, which allows for setting design-ready surrogates using only a handful of samples.