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Gdańsk University of Technology

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  • Personalized nutrition in ageing society: redox control of major-age related diseases through the NutRedOx Network (COST Action CA16112)
    • Josep Tur
    • Jacob Claus
    • Patrick Chaimbault
    • Mohammad Tadayyon
    • Elke Richling
    • Nina Hermans
    • Claudia Nunes dos Santos
    • Marc Diederich
    • Linda Giblin
    • Mourad Elhabiri
    • Caroline Gaucher
    • Pierre Andreoletti
    • Ana Fernandes
    • Michael Davies
    • Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
    • Mustapha Cherkaoui-malki
    2019 Full text FREE RADICAL RESEARCH

    A healthy ageing process is important when it is considered that one-third of the population of Europe is already over 50 years old, although there are regional variations. This proportion is likely to increase in the future, and maintenance of vitality at an older age is not only an important measure of the quality of life but also key to participation and productivity. So, the binomial “nutrition and ageing” has different aspects and poses considerable challenges, providing a fertile ground for research and networks. The NutRedOx network will focus on the impact of redox-active compounds in food on healthy ageing, chemoprevention, and redox control in the context of major age-related diseases. The main aim of the NutRedOx network is to gather experts from Europe, and neighbouring countries, and from different disciplines that are involved in the study of biological redox active food components and are relevant to the ageing organism, its health, function, and vulnerability to dis- ease. Together, these experts will form a major and sustainable EU-wide cluster in form of the NutRedOx Centre of Excellence able to address the topic from different perspectives, with the long- term aim to provide a scientific basis for improved nutritional and lifestyle habits, to train the next generation of multidisciplinary researchers in this field, to raise awareness of such habits among the wider population, and also to engage with industry to develop age-adequate foods and medicines.

  • PG przykładem dobrych praktyk w zakresie Strategii HR4R dla czeskiego uniwersytetu w Zlinie
    • Agnieszka Lendzion
    2019 Full text Pismo PG

    Przedstawiciele czeskiego uniwersytetu w Zlinie (Tomas Bata University, UTB) gościli na Politechnice Gdańskiej w dniach 24–25 września 2019 r. Celem wizyty było poznanie dobrych praktyk PG i wymiana doświadczeń w zakresie wdrażania zasad Europejskiej Karty Naukowca i Kodeksu Postępowania przy Rekrutacji Pracowników Naukowych. Instytut Centrum Systemów Polimerowych UTB uzyskał prawo posługiwania się wyróżnieniem HR na początku 2019 roku, a PG w lipcu 2017 r.

  • Phase I and phase II metabolism simulation of antitumor-active 2-hydroxyacridinone with electrochemistry coupled on-line with mass spectrometry.
    • Agnieszka Potęga
    • Dorota Garwolińska
    • Anna M. Nowicka
    • Michał Fau
    • Agata Kot-Wasik
    • Zofia Mazerska
    2019 Full text XENOBIOTICA

    Here, we report the metabolic profile and the results of associated metabolic studies of 2-hydroxyacridinone (2-OH-AC), the reference compound for antitumor-active imidazo- and triazoloacridinones. Electrochemistry coupled with mass spectrometry was applied to simulate the general oxidative metabolism of 2-OH-AC for the first time. The reactivity of 2-OH-AC products to biomolecules was also examined. The usefulness of the electrochemistry for studying the reactive drug metabolite trapping (conjugation reactions) was evaluated by the comparison with conventional electrochemical (controlled-potential electrolysis) and enzymatic (microsomal incubation) approaches. 2-OH-AC oxidation products were generated in an electrochemical thin-layer cell. Their tentative structures were assigned based on tandem mass spectrometry in combination with accurate mass measurements. Moreover, the electrochemical conversion of 2-OH-AC in the presence of reduced glutathione and/or N-acetylcysteine unveiled the formation of reactive metabolite-nucleophilic trapping agent conjugates (m/z 517 and m/z 373, respectively) via the thiol group. This glutathione S-conjugate was also identified after electrolysis experiment as well as was detected in liver microsomes. Summing up, the present work illustrates that the electrochemical simulation of metabolic reactions successfully supports the results of classical electrochemical and enzymatic studies. Therefore, it can be a useful tool for synthesis of drug metabolites, including reactive metabolites.

  • pH-dependent composite coatings for controlled drug delivery system - Review
    • Łukasz Pawłowski
    • Michał Bartmański
    • Andrzej Zieliński
    2019 Full text Inżynieria Materiałowa

    Nowadays in case of long-term implants, the most common postoperative complications are bacterial infections, which in consequence may provoke loos- ening of the implants in the primary phase of stabilization. Bacterial infections are currently the most frequent cause of revision surgery of the implants such as hip joint endoprosthesis, knee joint endoprosthesis and dental implants. In order to provide the local and long-term antibacterial cover in the tissues surrounding the implant, research is performed on materials that are carriers of drugs, which release active substances only in the case of the pH change in the system during inflammation. In consequence, biomaterials ensure antibacterial protection for a long time, not only in short post-operative period. An example of such materials are biopolymers. Biopolymers sensitive to change in pH value of the environment of live tissue that surround the implants can be used as an independent implants or as the coatings on the implants. In this case in the polymer`s matrix is dispersed often used drugs such as doxorubicin, gentamicin, vancomycin and cefuroxime. Drugs are released from this biomaterial according to three main mechanisms: diffusion, swelling and material degradation. This review paper presents the mechanism of bacterial interaction with implant surface and biofilm formation, and mechanism of drugs release from the biological active substance. Therefore, the natural and synthetic polymer materials sensitive to the lower value of pH such as chitosan, Eudragit E 100, Poly (L-histidine) and Poly (4-vinyl pyridine) are described

  • Phosphorus removal by application of natural and semi-natural materials for possible recovery according to assumptions of circular economy and closed circuit of P
    • Magda Kasprzyk
    • Magdalena Gajewska
    2019 Full text SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT

    In the last fewyears the idea of circular economy has become essential. Thus, designing methods of nutrients removal should be based on usingmaterials that make it possible to recover those nutrients. Recently,methods applied in wastewater treatment plants cannot provide optimal results; moreover, the application of commercial coagulants like ferric chloride and polyaluminumchloride can cause difficulties in potential recovery of phosphorus fromsludge. Sorption materials, both natural and modified, are appearing as successful forwastewater treatment, especially for treatment wetland effluent. To pursue circular economy principles, the capacity of waste materials needs to be testedwith regard to nutrients removal. If in addition a possibility to recover themappears, it will be possible to close the circuit. The aim of the investigation, according to HELCOM and EU Water Framework Directive recommendations, was to explore the possibility of ensuring good and stable quality of effluent by the application of natural materials for phosphorous removal with possible minimum energy and material consumption. The objective was to determine the sorption capacity of two selected materials (waste material and chemicallymodified material) in steady conditions. The research focused also on the time ofmixing, a period of sedimentation of absorbent materials, and the influence of usedmaterials on the basic parameters of the solution: pH, temperature, total suspended solids, conductivity, turbidity, and color. M1 was a waste material after thermal treatment of carbonate-siliceous rock in temperature above 700 °C (Rockfos®). Material M2 was lanthanum-modified bentonite, a material of anthropogenic origin. Both selected materials have shown a high ability to reduce phosphates concentration in synthetic wastewater. Sorption capacity of materials M1 and M2 were 45.6 mg/g and 5.6 mg/g, respectively.

  • Photocatalytic activity of solvothermal prepared BiOClBr with imidazolium ionic liquids as a halogen sources in cytostatic drugs removal
    • Patrycja Wilczewska
    • Aleksandra Bielicka-giełdoń
    • Agnieszka Fiszka Borzyszkowska
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Tomasz Klimczuk
    • E.m. Siedlecka
    2019 Full text JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY

    In this work, the BiOClBr, as a new family of bismuth based semiconductors, was successfully applied to remove of cytostatic drugs from water under UV-Vis light irradiation. BiOCl, BiOBr and BiOClBr were synthesized using two steps solvothermal method in glycerol. The inorganic salts (KCl and KBr) and 1-butyl-3-metylimidazolium chloride (BmimCl) and 1-butyl-3-metylimidazolium bromide (BmimBr) ionic liquids (ILs) were used as the source of halides for the photocatalysts synthesis. The as-fabricated samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The specific surface area was measured by Brauner-Emmett-Teller (BET) technique. Additionally, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy was used to evaluate the presence of IL on the photocatalysts surface. The comparison of photocatalytic activity between BiOCl and BiOClBr photocatalysts towards 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), imatinib (IMA) and cyclophosphamide (CP) removal was conducted. The highest photocatalytic activity in the cytostatic drugs degradation and mineralization was found using BiOClBr IL synthetized via ILs as the halogens source. The study showed that BiOClBr IL synthesized in the presence of ILs can be a promising material in the water decontamination methods.

  • Photocatalytic and Antimicrobial Properties of Ag2O/TiO2 Heterojunction
    • Maya Endo-Kimura
    • Marcin Janczarek
    • Zuzanna Bielan
    • Dong Zhang
    • Kunlei Wang
    • A. Markowska-Szczupak
    • Ewa Kowalska
    • Agata Markowska-Szczupak
    2019 Full text ChemEngineering

    Ag2O/TiO2 heterojunctions were prepared by a simple method, i.e., the grinding of argentous oxide with six different titania photocatalysts. The physicochemical properties of the obtained photocatalysts were characterized by diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The photocatalytic activity was investigated for the oxidative decomposition of acetic acid and methanol dehydrogenation under UV/vis irradiation and for the oxidative decomposition of phenol and 2-propanol under vis irradiation. Antimicrobial properties were tested for bacteria (Escherichia coli) and fungi (Candida albicans and Penicillium chrysogenum) under UV and vis irradiation and in the dark. Enhanced activity was observed under UV/vis (with synergism for fine anatase-containing samples) and vis irradiation for almost all samples. This suggests a hindered recombination of charge carriers by p-n heterojunction or Z-scheme mechanisms under UV irradiation and photo-excited electron transfer from Ag2O to TiO2 under vis irradiation. Improved antimicrobial properties were achieved, especially under vis irradiation, probably due to electrostatic attractions between the negative surface of microorganisms and the positively charged Ag2O.

  • Photocatalytic Decomposition of Air Pollutants using Electrodeposited Photocatalysts on Stainless Steel
    • Andreas Haenel
    • Marcin Janczarek
    • Marek Lieder
    • Jan Hupka
    2019 Full text POLISH JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

    The aim of research was to develop an immobilization method for photocatalysts, which is an alternative to the sol-gel or dip coating methods and can be simply scaled up for technical applications. The investigated photocatalyst was TiO2, which was electrochemically deposited onto a cathode made of stainless steel. This deposited film was photocatalytically active. In order to enhance the photoactivity of the TiO2 film, commercially available P25 photocatalyst nanoparticles were occluded into the film. The effect of deposition current density as well as the amount of occluded nanoparticles on the photocatalytic activity and photoelectrochemical behavior was investigated. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated in an UV-LED reactor. The decomposition rate of toluene and cyclohexane in air was examined for all prepared stainless steel-photocatalyst composites. It was observed that deposits prepared with 5 g dm-3 of P25 in the deposition bath showed the best photocatalytic activity and highest photocurrent.

  • Photoelectrochemically Active N‐Adsorbing Ultrathin TiO2 Layers for Water‐Splitting Applications Prepared by Pyrolysis of Oleic Acid on Iron Oxide Nanoparticle Surfaces under Nitrogen Environment
    • Ahmet Kertmen
    • Enzo Barbe
    • Mariusz Szkoda
    • Katarzyna Siuzdak
    • Višnja Babačić
    • Pau Torruella
    • Igor Iatsunskyi
    • Michał Kwiatkowski
    • Karol Rytel
    • Sonia Estrade
    • Peiró Francesca
    • Jurga Stefan
    • Li Yanguang
    • Emerson Coy
    2019 Advanced Materials Interfaces

    Highly performing photocatalytic surfaces are nowadays highly desirable in energy fields, mainly due to their applicability as photo water‐splitting electrodes. One of the current challenges in this field is the production of highly controllable and efficient photoactive surfaces on many substrates. Atomic layer deposition has allowed the deposition of photoactive TiO2 layers over wide range of materials and surfaces. However, nitrogen doping of the growing layers, a highly effective way of controlling the absorption edges of photoactive surfaced, is still a challenging task. Here, the preparation of hierarchical nanostructured surfaces based on Langmuir–Schaefer and atomic layer deposition is proposed. Ultrathin TiO2 layers that are photoelectrochemically active in water splitting are prepared by a relatively low‐temperature catalytic decomposition of oleic acid capping layers of iron oxide nanoparticles and the posterior nitrogen adsorption. The results evidence that simple N‐adsorption is sufficient to narrow the bandgap of TiO2 layers that is equal to bandgap narrowing (0.12 eV) observed for substitutionally N‐doped materials. The photocatalytic activity tests of the prepared surfaces in water‐splitting applications demonstrate ≈90% increase in the activity of the N‐adsorbing TiO2 layers.

  • Photoinduced electron transfer in 5-bromouracil labeled DNA. A contrathermodynamic mechanism revisited by electron transfer theories
    • Lorenzo Cupellini
    • Paweł Wityk
    • Benedetta Mennucci
    • Janusz Rak
    2019 PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS

    The understanding of the 5-bromouracil (BrU) based photosensitization mechanism of DNA damage is of large interest due to the potential applications in photodynamic therapy. Photoinduced electron transfer (ET) in BrU labeled duplexes comprising the 50 -GBrU or 50 -ABrU sequence showed that a much lower reactivity was found for the 50 -GBrU pattern. Since the ionization potential of G is lower than that of A, this sequence selectivity has been dubbed a contrathermodynamic one. In the current work, we employ the Marcus and Marcus–Levich–Jortner theory of ET in order to shed light on the observed effect. By using a combination of Density Functional Theory (DFT) and solvation continuum models, we calculated the electronic couplings, reorganization energies, and thermodynamic stimuli for electron transfer which enabled the rates of forward and back ET to be estimated for the two considered sequences. The calculated rates show that the photoreaction could not be efficient if the ET process proceeded within the considered dimers. Only after introducing additional adenines between G and BrU, which accelerates the forward and slows down the back ET, is a significant amount of photodamage expected.

  • Photoluminescence of partially reduced Eu2+/Eu3+ active centers in a NaF–Al2O3–P2O5 glassy matrix with tunable smooth spectra
    • Tomasz Pietrzak
    • Agata Gołębiewska
    • Jakub Płachta
    • Michał Jarczewski
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Marek Wasiucionek
    • Jerzy Garbarczyk
    2019 Full text JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE

    In this work, a series of photoluminescent materials have been synthesized based on optically transparent and chemically stable glasses of the nominal composition Na3Al2(PO4)2F3 (NaF–Al2O3–P2O5 system) doped with 1 wt% of europium. It has been shown that the synthesis conditions (mainly the temperature and duration of the melting stage under reducing conditions) strongly affected the photoluminescence spectra of the material. This effect has been ascribed to varying proportions between Eu3+ and Eu2+ ions concentrations, imposed by the synthesis conditions, which was confirmed by XPS, absorption and decay times measurements. As both Eu3+ and Eu2+ centers exhibit photoluminescence in different ranges of the visible spectra (Eu3+ – red, and Eu2+ – mainly blue) the possibility, shown by us, to control relative proportions of the oxidation states of europium and consequently to control the photoluminescence spectra, may be advantageous from the viewpoint of potential applications of such materials as novel phosphors for white LEDs with the emission spectra resembling natural light

  • Phototransformation of three selected pharmaceuticals, naproxen, 17α-Ethinylestradiol and tetracycline in water: Identification of photoproducts and transformation pathways
    • Magdalena Śliwka-Kaszyńska
    • A. Jakimska-Nagórska
    • Andrzej Wasik
    • Agata Kot-Wasik
    2019 MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL

    Transformation products (TPs) may be formed during various processes, however, it was proved that one of the main mechanisms responsible for degradation of pharmaceuticals in natural waters is photolysis. Three compounds were selected, tetracycline (TC), 17-α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and naproxen (NAP), for degradation experiments which were performed using a xenon lamp emitting light with a spectrum closely approximating that of natural sunlight. Identification of photodegradation products was achieved via liquid chromatography coupled with high resolution quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) providing accurate mass measurements and MS/MS experiments for structural elucidation. Results indicate that degradation of compounds under the study follows pseudo-first-order kinetics. Photolysis rate constants (k) were determined and half-lifes (t1/2) calculated to be 11, 120, and 13 min for TC, EE2 and NAP, respectively. Xenon lamp irradiation led to the formation of several photoproducts. Many of them have been identified for the first time. LC-QTOF-MS analysis allowed for the identification of seven, four, and eight TPs of TC, EE2 and NAP, respectively. Finally, the presence of parent compounds and identified TPs was investigated in various real-world water samples. Only three degradation products of 17-α-ethinylestradiol and naproxen were detected in wastewater effluent and treated water samples. Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) approach was applied in order to estimate physical-chemical properties of selected pharmaceuticals and their TPs. This allowed predicting the fate of all analytes in the aqueous environment.

  • Photovoltaic effect in the single-junction DBP/PTCBI organic system under low intensity of monochromatic light
    • Rafał Marczyński
    • Justyna Szostak
    • Ryszard Signerski
    • Grażyna Jarosz
    2019 Full text CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS

    Photoelectric properties of the planar ITO/MoO3/DBP/PTCBI/BCP/Ag system were characterized on the basis of short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage and absorption spectra, and current-voltage measurements in the dark and under monochromatic illumination of low intensity. Photovoltaic performance of the system was compared with the performance of ideal semiconductor and excitonic cells of chosen bandgaps. Such analysis shows, that the fabricated cell exhibits quite high value of the open-circuit voltage, in comparison to the SQ limits calculated for semiconductor devices of bandgaps close to the LUMOPTCBI-HOMODBP offset or crystalline silicon cells of the same absorptivity. This confirms that the DBP/PTCBI junction exhibits good properties for conversion of exciton energy to chemical energy of electron-hole pair. Moreover, open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current of the investigated cell practically do not change within the 520 nm–620 nm range, for which they reach the maximum values, making the junction of DBP/PTCBI attractive for use in indoor photovoltaics.

  • Photovoltaic Roof Tiles: The Influence of Heat Recovery on Overall Performance
    • Jan Wajs
    • Aleksandra Gołąbek
    • Roksana Bochniak
    2019 Full text ENERGIES

    A photovoltaic (PV) roof tile serves both as a roofing material and as an electricity-producing surface. The main aim of the present study was to increase the overall system efficiency of PV tiles by using heat recovery. The chosen strategy was two-fold: determine the operational efficiency of PV tiles and optimize construction to increase the cooling effect when using air as the working medium. A detailed experimental study was undertaken to determine these effects. The results indicated that a combined electrical and thermal efficiency of 24% could be reached. This is promising and proves the potential for air to be the working medium in such systems. Moreover, this shows a direction for future system optimization.

  • Physico‐Mechanical Properties and Flammability of PUR/PIR Foams Containing Expandable Graphite Core‐Shell Composite Particles
    • Kamila Gosz
    • Józef Haponiuk
    • Aleksandra Dorota Mielewczyk-Gryń
    • Łukasz Piszczyk
    2019 POLYMER COMPOSITES

    In this work, polyurethane/polyisocyanurate (PUR/PIR) foams were modified by two types of expandable graphite (EG) core-shell composite particles. The pulverized EG core-shell composite particles were prepared during emulsion polymerization using methyl methacrylate or glycidyl methacrylate for the synthesis of the polymeric shells (poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and poly (glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA)), and then the obtained EG_PMMA and EG_PGMA particles were used for a modification of the PUR/PIR foams. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations well demonstrated that the EG_PMMA and EG_PGMA particles were successfully synthesized via emulsion polymerization. The foams with different content of EG or EG core-shell particles were prepared by the single-step method at NCO/OH ratio equals 2.5. The prepared materials were analyzed in terms of their morphology, flammability, thermal conductivity, and basic physical and mechanical properties.

  • Phytochemical composition and biological activities of differently pigmented cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata) and cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) varieties
    • Izabela Koss-Mikołajczyk
    • Barbara Kusznierewicz
    • Wiesław Wiczkowski
    • Natalia Płatosz
    • Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
    2019 JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE

    BACKGROUND:Brassica plants contain awide spectrumofbioactive components that are responsible for their health-promoting potential such as vitamins, polyphenols and glucosinolates. This study attempted to relate the composition of bioactive phytochemicals and chosen biological activities (antioxidant, cytotoxic, anti-genotoxic, and influence on enzymatic activities) for extracts from differently pigmented cabbage (white and red) and cauliflower (white and purple) varieties. The assumption was that tested varieties of the same plant would exhibit similar chemical composition differing mostly in anthocyanin content and that the latter will be reflected in biological activity. RESULTS: Profiles of antioxidants obtained using post-column derivatization with ABTS radical confirmed, that the content and composition of anthocyanins is strongly correlatedwith the antioxidant capacity of tested plant extractsmeasured by spectrophotometric methods (ABTS, FC, DPPH, FRAP), and Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) test. The results of determinations of other biological activities showed that opposite to purified bioactive phytochemicals, in the case of actual plant foods, there was no simple relationship between anthocyanin content and chemopreventive potential. CONCLUSION: Obtained results suggest that there must be some kind of interaction between different phytochemicals, which decides on the final health promoting activity of edible plants as suggested by for example the food synergy concept.

  • Piezoresponse force microscopy and dielectric spectroscopy study of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 thin films
    • Dionizy Czekaj
    • Agata Lisińska-Czekaj
    2019 Full text Journal of Advanced Dielectrics

    Research on synthesis, characterization and determination of processing – structure – property relationships of commercially important ferroelectric thin films has been performed. The sol-gel-type solution deposition technique was applied to produce good quality thin films of Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3 (BST60/40) chemical composition on the stainless steel substrates. The thin films were characterized in terms of their microstructure, crystal structure, phase composition, piezoelectric and dielectric properties. It was found that the BST60/40 thin film adopted the cubic structure at room temperature with an elementary cell parameter a=3.971(8) Å. Morphology of the thin film surface was studied with Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). Average roughness of the thin films surface was found (Sa=0.055 mkm). Piezoresponse Force Microscopy (PFM) was applied for the thin film characterisation. Active piezoelectric regions were found in BST60/40 thin film. Therefore dielectric response measured at room temperature was studied in assumption of piezoelectric electric equivalent circuit.

  • Pilot installation for thermal utilization of meat-and-bone meal using the rotary kiln pyrolyzer and the fluidised bed boiler
    • Marcin Kantorek
    • Krzysztof Jesionek
    • Sylwia Polesek-Karczewska
    • Paweł Ziόłkowski
    • Michał Stajnke
    • Janusz Badur
    2019 Full text E3S Web of Conferences

    The technology of thermal utilization of meat-and-bone meal (MBM) is still at the research state. However, there are already a number of existing pilot-scale installations that provide the complete, effective and environmentally safe process conducting. The universal technology was developed that allows to combust various types of waste, including animal waste, municipal waste and sludge, mixed at any ratio with different types of biomass. It provides the possibility to utilize the waste-and-biomass fuel mixtures of up to 90%wt of moisture content, while maintaining the allowable pollutant emission to the atmosphere and soil. This regards mainly NOx, SO2, HCl and VOC. Contrary to the typical large scale grate boilers used for waste incineration, the developed operating pilot-scale plant with a capacity of 12MW offers the complete combustion of animal meal, resulting in a flue gas which is proved to be free of flammable gaseous components and sooty particles in slag and fly ash. The thermal decomposition and combustion of waste using this technology ensures thermal conversion of chemical energy contained in waste and biomass into the heat and electricity, while preserving the optimum thermodynamic efficiency of technological system. The efficiency of the prototype installation varied between 88.36 and 84.84% depending on the load.

  • Pilot scale degradation study of 16 selected volatile organic compounds by hydroxyl and sulfate radical based advanced oxidation processes
    • André Fernandes
    • Patrycja Makoś
    • Javed Khan
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    2019 Full text JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION

    The studies of effective technologies for complete degradation of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), are very important due to the high biotoxicity of the VOCs which makes the biological technologies ineffective. It also increases the risk of VOCs emission instead of their treatment when using open air biological technologies. In the present study, different types of Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) were investigated for the degradation of several VOCs in a model pilot scale effluent, simulating effluents from bitumen production. The goal of this paper is to reach effective VOCs and wastewater degradation to make the bitumen production a cleaner process. O3, H2O2, O3/H2O2 (the so called peroxone), persulfate (PS) and peroxymonosulfate (PMS) were processes chosen for this work. Heat activation enhanced the total VOCs degradation in PS and PMS technologies, which achieved higher effectiveness than H2O2. Peroxone process at 40 °C achieved the highest efficiency of all processes studied needing only 60 min to completely degrade all compounds without any oxidation by-products. Sulfur containing VOCs (VSCs) were completely degraded in a shorter treatment time and nitrogen containing VOCs (VNCs) needed more time of treatment in all technologies studied. The preference of the hydroxyl and sulfate radicals for degradation of oxygen containing VOCs (OVOCs) had different behavior depending on the group of compounds and should be considered in future research for combined radical processes.

  • Planar Microwave Bragg Reflector Resonant Dielectric Sensor
    • Abhishek Jha
    • Michał Mrozowski
    • Nicolo Delmonte
    • Adam Lamęcki
    • Maurizio Bozzi
    2019

    In this paper, a periodic structure is used to design a microwave Bragg reflector with the help of hexagonal lattice, which provides a 5 GHz wide stopband between the low-pass band with cut-off frequency 2.6 GHz and the bandpass response with start and stop frequency 7.8 GHz and 10.5 GHz, respectively. A defect in lattice allows passing a narrowband signal at 6 GHz which is found, from the dispersion relation, to be in the region of backward wave propagation. The maximum electric field intensity is found at the lattice defect, and this property is used to sense the dielectric material. It is found that the material under test does not change the low-pass frequency response, hence, the proposed scheme can be used for the dielectric sensor integrated with a low pass filter. The proposed planar sensor operates in the stopband of the Bragg reflector with a typical sensitivity 22x103 kHz corresponding to per unit change in the dielectric constant of material under test. The design is fabricated on a 0.5 mm thick RF35 substrate and tested using standard dielectric materials. The numerical analysis of the proposed structure is found to be in good agreement with the measurement results.

  • PLANNING FOR THE NORTH-EUROPEAN WATERFRONT CITIES
    • Piotr Lorens
    2019 Full text IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

    Redevelopment of urban waterfronts is one of the leading themes in contemporary planning practice. This issue is a subject of interest to many scholars and practitioners, associated with development of waterfront cities. In literature on this topic one can find a lot of information regarding leading examples of this process, discussion of issues and problems associated with this phenomenon as well as analysis of the results achieved. In addition, many specialists in this field managed to developed a sort of “guide of good practice” for cities and planners interested in undertaking an effort associated with reshaping the waterfront site.

  • Planning of the green road system as an element of spatial management in suburbs and small towns
    • Agnieszka Jaszczak
    • Joanna Żukowska
    • Beata Dreksler
    • Katarina Kristianova
    2019 Full text ZARZĄDZANIE PUBLICZNE. ZESZYTY NAUKOWE INSTYTUTU SPRAW PUBLICZNYCH UJ

    The premise for the development of sustainable forms of road infrastructure in small towns is the appropriate plan at an early stage or modifi cation in the case of existing spaces. A multi-directional approach is extremely important, which takes into account the specifi city of the regional (country) road system, availability, and capacity of traffi c network, but also social and environmental factors. Effi cient management of transit space in small cities through the imple-mentation of the concept of managing green areas in traffi c zones allows improving safety and quality of residents life. Therefore it is important to develop comprehensive projects coverin (PDF) Planning of the green road system as an element of spatial management in suburbs and small towns. ot only the project itself but also its implementation through the proper control of movement of vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians, using e.g. traffi c calming elements. The aim of this study is to enhance the design of traffi c calming measures by using principles of zoning, public space design and planting strategies. Examples of development of traffi c calming measures in small towns and suburban zones in the regions of Europe and MENA are presented and recommen-dations regarding the planning of roadside space and the introduction of plants to the traffi c calming measures are formulated. (PDF) Planning of the green road system as an element of spatial management in suburbs and small towns.

  • Planowanie czy spontaniczność - jakich kompetencji potrzebuje współczesny przedsiębiorca?
    • Michał Tomasz Tomczak
    • Katarzyna Stankiewicz
    • Beata Krawczyk-Bryłka
    • Paweł Ziemiański
    2019 ZARZĄDZANIE ZASOBAMI LUDZKIMI

    Kompetencje przedsiębiorcze mają wpływ na podejmowanie decyzji o rozpoczęciu działalności gospodarczej a następnie na powodzenie takiego przedsięwzięcia. To jakie kompetencje uważane są w tym zakresie za kluczowe może wynikać m.in. z podejścia do procesu przedsiębiorczości. Podejście efektuacyjne opisuje przedsiębiorczość jako spontaniczny akt tworzenia, podczas gdy tradycyjne podejście kauzalne (przyczynowe) bardziej jako planowe podejmowanie decyzji. Z tego wynika także wskazywanie na inny zestaw kompetencji niezbędnych przedsiębiorcy w każdym z tych podejść. W artykule, na podstawie analizy obu koncepcji przedsiębiorczości, zaproponowano wstępną listę kompetencji charakteryzujących, a jednocześnie różnicujących każde z tych podejść. Lista ta ma posłużyć w przyszłości do zbudowania narzędzia umożliwiającego diagnozowanie i pomiar nasilenia takich kompetencji.

  • Platforma MOST Wiedzy jako przykład narzędzia wspierającego zarządzanie informacją w środowisku naukowym
    • Joanna Błasiok
    2019 Full text Zarządzanie Biblioteką

    Platforma MOST Wiedzy, tworzona na Politechnice Gdańskiej, integruje wiele informacji o środowisku naukowym. Użytkownik znajdzie tam: wyniki badań, dane dotyczące projektów, informacje o laboratoriach i aparaturze badawczej oraz wiele innych zasobów ze wszystkich dziedzin nauki. Dodatkowym atutem MOSTU Wiedzy jest możliwość założenia przez naukowców indywidualnych profili – gromadzących informacje o różnych aspektach ich działalności naukowej. Jest tam również miejsce na repozytorium pełnych tekstów publikacji naukowych. Z tych dokumentów każdy użytkownik Internetu może korzystać w zakresie dopuszczonym przez prawo autorskie. W artkule zaprezentowano możliwości tego narzędzia, umożliwiającego skuteczniejsze zarządzanie różnymi kategoriami informacji.

  • Playing the Sprint Retrospective
    • Maciej Wawryk
    • Yen Ying Ng
    2019 Full text Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

    In agile software development, where great emphasis is put on effective informal communication, success depends heavily on human and social factors. However, Scrum does not specify any techniques that aid the human side of software development. In this paper we investigate the use of 6 collaborative games for the Sprint Retrospective. Each game was implemented twice in a Scrum team in Intel Technology Poland. The received feedback indicates that our approach improved developers' communication and made them more willing to attend the meetings.

  • Pokój do szukania siebie, instalacja na XVII Przeglądzie Sztuki Survival 2019
    • Patryk Różycki
    2019

    Pokój do szukania siebie, 2019 instalacja performatywna (performance, fotografia, wideo, malarstwo, rysunek, tekst, działanie przestrzenne), technika mieszana, wymiary zmienne, W trakcie formułowania opisu mojego działania zdążyłem napisać pięć innych tekstów o różnych dotyczących mnie sprawach, a główną treść mojej wypowiedzi podważyć kilkakrotnie. Dziwnie pisze się tekst o czymś, co służyć ma szukaniu siebie, jednocześnie w tym tekście podejmując próbę znalezienia odpowiedzi. Trzeba być niezwykle ostrożnym, bo jeśli tutaj się uda znaleźć to, czego szukam, niepotrzebne będzie dalsze staranie, tekst pozostanie nieukończony, obiekt nie powstanie. Może gdybym był odważniejszy, zakończyłbym tę ekspedycję i zajął się czymś innym. Mam jednak prawo do bycia tchórzem, do sabotowania. Poświęcam sobie dużo czasu, oglądam z każdej strony i wierzę, że to ma sens. Namawiam do tego innych, manifestując swoją postawę. Bezinteresowność tego działania jest dla mnie ważna, pokazuję tylko możliwość, możliwość patrzenia na siebie i czasami może, zrozumienia własnej obcości.

  • Polarization-dependent optical absorption in phosphorene flakes
    • Aleksandra Wieloszyńska
    • Paweł Jakóbczyk
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    2019 Proceedings of SPIE

    The interest of 2D materials is constantly increasing because of their very attractive mechanical, electrical and optical parameters. They have been used in many applications, e.g. photodetectors, sensors, modulators, insulators. One of the recently discovered 2D materials is phosphorene. In contrast to graphene, phosphorene has a direct bandgap tuned by numbers of layers in the 2D structure. The phosphorene flakes are strongly anisotropic. This study presents the detailed optical properties of electrochemically obtained phosphorene flakes versus centrifugation speed. A layer of phosphorene on a silicon wafer changes with increased centrifuge speed. A relationship that combines the size of the phosphorene flakes and ellipsometric angles, as well as the transmittance data obtained on a spectrophotometer was received. Hence, such an approach could allow for non-contact comparing the size of phosphorene flakes.

  • Polimery przewodzące jako fotokatalizatory aktywne w świetle widzialnym do degradacji zanieczyszczeń w fazie wodnej
    • Agnieszka Sulowska
    • Izabela Wysocka
    • Anna Zielińska-Jurek
    2019

    Zanieczyszczenie środowiska wodnego trudno degradowalnymi związkami organicznymi stanowi jeden z ważniejszych problemów XXI wieku. Procesy fotokatalityczne wykorzystujące promieniowanie widzialne oraz słoneczne są obiecującą technologią oczyszczania wody. Wśród materiałów mających zastosowanie w fotokatalizie coraz większe znaczenie odgrywają polimery przewodzące, charakteryzujące aktywnością w świetle widzialny. Na podstawie dokonanego przeglądu literatury wyróżniono dwa główne podejścia wykorzystywania polimerów. Pierwsze, to otrzymywanie nanostruktur polimerów przewodzących. Ich aktywność fotokatalityczna w świetle widzialnym zależy od rozmiaru i struktury. Kolejne podejście, to tworzenie nanokompozytów hybrydowych na bazie polimerów przewodzących oraz nieorganicznych półprzewodników. Polimery, dzięki zdolności do absorbcji promieniowania widzialnego, pełnią funkcję fotouczulaczy. Dodatkowo materiały hybrydowe charakteryzują się zwiększoną separacją par elektrondziura, co pozytywnie wpływa na aktywność fotokatalityczną tych materiałów.

  • Polityka państwa wobec starzenia się ludności w Polsce
    • Anita Richert-Kaźmierska
    2019

    Tematyka starzenia się ludności stanowi jedno z kluczowych zagadnień w debacie publicznej i dyspucie naukowej prowadzonych w ostatnich latach. Na różnych poziomach (ponadnarodowym, krajowym, regionalnym i lokalnym), w ramach różnych szczegółowych polityk publicznych, podejmowane są działania ukierunkowane na spowolnienie procesu starzenia się ludności, ograniczenie jego negatywnych skutków społeczno-ekonomicznych, zapewnienie społeczeństwu o zmienionej strukturze wieku wysokiej jakości życia, a gospodarce – stworzenie warunków do jej dalszego rozwoju. Horyzontalnym podejściem władz publicznych do wyzwań determinowanych starzeniem się ludności, integrującym działania z obszaru różnych polityk szczegółowych, jest polityka wobec starzenia się ludności. W książce podjęto tematykę polityki wobec starzenia się ludności realizowanej w Polsce. Dokonano analizy zapisów dokumentów strategicznych programujących krajową politykę ekonomiczną oraz polityki szczegółowe. Na tej podstawie zidentyfikowano i usystematyzowano priorytety krajowej polityki wobec starzenia się ludności. Choć starzenie się ludności jest zjawiskiem o zasięgu globalnym, jego przyczyny, przebieg i skutki charakteryzuje zróżnicowanie terytorialne. Władze lokalne i regionalne, ze względu na bliskość czynników warunkujących wzorce zachodzących zmian demograficznych oraz przypisywaną im rosnącą odpowiedzialność za kreowanie rozwoju społecznego i gospodarczego jednostek terytorialnych, powinny odgrywać istotną rolę w kreowaniu polityki wobec starzenia się.

  • Polymer biodegradable coatings as active substance release systems for urological applications
    • Małgorzata Borowska
    • Marta Glinka
    • Natalia Filipowicz
    • Agata Terebieniec
    • Paweł Szarlej
    • Agata Kot-Wasik
    • Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
    2019 Full text MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE

    Catheter-associated urinary tract infections are the result of catheterization of the bladder. The risk of infection is directly proportional to the length of the bladder catheterization. Bacteria cells have the ability to adhere and create the biofilm on the surface of catheter materials. Bacteria’s biofilm is an extremely beneficial environment of existence for microorganisms. Microorganisms that are an integral part of the biofilm are characterized by a higher resistance to antimicrobial agents compared to the planktonic form of bacteria. The previous treatment of urinary tract infections presupposes the necessity of the oral administration of large amounts of antimicrobial agents. An alternative may be the use of antimicrobial and antiadhesion coatings on the surface of the catheters. These coatings may allow target drug delivery and contribute to dose reduction and improved drug availability. In this study, antimicrobial coatings from biodegradable polymers with clindamycin were evaluated. The antimicrobial activity of the prepared coatings against selected bacterial strains was determined. The high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry technique was applied for the analysis of the drug release from antimicrobial coatings.

  • Pomiar parametrów sumarycznych – Chemia analityczna, jako niezbędne narzędzie podczas pracy oczyszczalni ścieków
    • Julia Juchnowicz-Zielińska
    • Bartłomiej Cieślik
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    2019 Full text Analityka: Nauka i Praktyka

    Mimo upływu ponad 100 lat od opracowania pierwszych metod oznaczania liczbowych parametrów sumarycznych w próbkach z oczyszczalni ścieków, powszechnie używane metody są wciąż czasochłonne, a wykorzystanie toksycznych odczynników nieuniknione. Istotnym celem stawianym przed nowoczesną analityką chemiczną jest udoskonalenie metod analitycznych w sposób maksymalnie ograniczający negatywny wpływ na środowisko, zapewniający równocześnie uzyskanie precyzyjnego i dokładnego wyniku pomiaru. Ostatnie lata dynamicznego rozwoju chemii analitycznej pozwoliły na opracowanie wielu alternatywnych metod wykonywania oznaczeń parametrów sumarycznych. Pomiar BZT jest zazwyczaj czasochłonny (szczególnie jeśli chodzi o klasyczne procedury oznaczania wartości tego parametru), co wyklucza możliwość wykorzystania go do bieżącego monitorowania parametrów procesowych i ich optymalizacji. Nowe technologie wykorzystujące bioczujniki umożliwiają monitorowanie wspomnianego parametru na bieżąco. Do pomiaru ChZT klasycznymi metodami wykorzystuje się silnie toksyczne odczynniki, dąży się więc do ich eliminacji przez rozwój metod elektrochemicznych. Wspomniane metody wymagają jeszcze dopracowania, ale z dużym prawdopodobieństwem znajdą zastosowanie w praktyce laboratoryjnej.

  • Pomiary geodezyjne i monitoring budynków wielokondygnacyjnych - punktpwców
    • Zygmunt Kurałowicz
    2019 Full text Inżynieria Morska i Geotechnika

    Opisano problematykę określania wysokości budynków i ich rodzaje. Zawarto przykłady budynków - punktowców w Polsce i zagranicą. Opisano podstawowe zagadnienia związane z obsługą geodezyjną i monitorowaniem budynków wysokich.

  • Pomiary georadarowe posadzki w Bazylice pw. Świętego Mikołaja w Gdańsku
    • Krzysztof Wilde
    • Magdalena Rucka
    • Jacek Lachowicz
    • Erwin Wojtczak
    • Monika Zielińska
    2019

    Celem opracowania są badania diagnostyczne posadzki kościoła w poszukiwaniu pustek powietrznych w konstrukcji podłogi. Badania przeprowadzono przy użyciu metody georadarowej. Przeanalizowano oraz przedstawiono szczegółowe skany georadarowe powierzchni posadzki. Jako uzupełnienie badań georadarowych, w wybranych miejscach zastosowano metodę ultradźwiękową.

  • Pomiary i analiza wielkości mikroziaren ściernych.
    • Adam Barylski
    2019 Full text Mechanik

    Omówiono skomputeryzowana analizę wielkości i kształtu mikroziaren ściernych. W badaniach mikroziaren węglika boru, czarnego i zielonego weglika krzemu oraz elektrokorundu zwykłego i szlachetnego stosowano mikroskopię optyczną oraz oprogramowanie MultiScan.

  • Pomiary rezystancji izolacji silników elektrycznych
    • Marek Olesz
    • Grzegorz Kostro
    2019 Full text Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej

    W artykule podano zasady wykonywania pomiarów rezystancji izolacji maszyn elektrycznych. Przedstawiono dostępne w literaturze temperaturowe współczynniki korekcyjne konieczne do przeliczania zmierzonych wartości rezystancji na wartość występującą w temperaturze odniesienia. Obserwowane różnice współczynników temperaturowych wynikają z rodzaju zastosowanego materiału izolacji, konstrukcji silnika oraz technologii impregnowania uzwojeń.

  • Pomiary skuteczności hamowania w stacjach kontroli pojazdów
    • Adrian Malinowski
    • Paula Szczepańska
    • Piotr Mioduszewski
    • Stanisław Taryma
    2019 Full text Autobusy. Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe

    Przeprowadzono pomiary skuteczności hamowania w warunkach różnych stacji kontroli pojazdów. Celem przedsięwzięcia było porównanie wyników z uzyskanych pomiarów. Na tej podstawie pozyskano dane umożliwiające opracowanie założeń do koncepcji metodyki badań technicznych pojazdów zabytkowych w stacjach kontroli pojazdów.

  • Poroelastic Material for Urban Roads Wearing Courses
    • Jerzy Ejsmont
    • Beata Świeczko-Żurek
    2019

    Conventional road materials used for producing wearing courses of roads are based on mineral aggregate and bituminous or Portland cement binders. The road materials must be optimized for different properties, including skid resistance, durability, rolling resistance and tire/road noise. Unfortunately, it seems that within classic technologies it is very difficult to achieve further reduction of tire/road noise. Innovative porous material PERS that contains considerable amount of crumb rubber seems to have great potential of traffic noise reduction. The paper presents brief history of PERS development, its present stage and unexpected properties, for example, spill fuel fires retardation.

  • Porous structures in aspects of transpirating cooling of oxycombustion chamber walls
    • Paweł Ziółkowski
    2019 Full text AIP Conference Proceedings

    A wet oxycombustion chamber, which must be effectively cooled due to high temperature evolved during the oxy-combustion process, by using the phenomena of Reynolds thermal transpiration and Navier slip velocity. Closures needed to execute mass flow rate in a microchannel, which should be treated as a single porous structure in the walls of the combustion chamber, have been obtained by applying a local 3D approach. The Navier-Stokes model of the surface layer, which has been proposed and implemented, and presented in numerous publications has been used. The most important part was the incorporation of the thermal mobility force into the commercial code. The Computational Fluid Dynamic simulation of the benchmark experiment has been performed for basic data corresponding to helium. An original and easyto- implement method has been developed to numerically confirm that at the final equilibrium zero-flow state there is connection between the Poiseuille flow in the centre of channel and the counter thermal transpiration flow at the surface. Therefore, the numerical implementation of the Reynolds model of thermal transpiration and its usefulness for the description of the benchmark experiment has been established. Additionally, taking Reynolds’, Navier’s and Poiseuille’s solution into consideration for round capillary pipe flow, the flow enhancement due to the temperature difference at the surface and the presence of a drop (slip), can be easily identified. Nevertheless, these issues demand further work and calibration through dedicated experiment.

  • Porównanie klasycznych i ewolucyjnych metod projektowanie dyfuzorów akustycznych w warunkach odsłuchowych symulowanych metodą FDTD
    • Adam Kurowski
    2019

    W niniejszym rozdzaiel przedstawione zostanie porównanie dwóch podejść do projektowania dyfuzorów akustycznych. Pierwsze z nich bazuje na klasycznych założeniach dotyczących wykorzystywania sekwewncji pseudolosowych. Drugie z nich wykorzystuje automatyczne podejście bazujące na wykorzystaniu algorytmów genetycznych. Porównanie takie pozwala na określenie zalet i wad podejśc klasycznych oraz podejśc bazujących na zastosowaniu algorytmu optymalizacji. Klasyczne techniki projektowania dyfuzorów akustycznych posiadają szereg zalet, które wpłynęły na ich upowszechnienie w codziennej praktyce. Należa do nich między innymi prostota użytkowania, czy uniwersalność uzyskiwanych rezultatów. Z drugiej strony, rozwiązanie wygenerowane przez algorytm optymalizacji pozwala na całkowitą automatyzację lub znaczne ograniczenie ludzkiej ingerencji w projektowanie urządzeń stosowanych do poprawy akustyki (adaptacji akustycznej) pomieszczeń oraz na dopasowanie rozwiązania do konkretnych warunków aplikacji. Celem badań przedstawionych w niniejszym rozdziale jest zaproponowanie rozwiązania, które proponuje architektury dyfuzorów akustycznych na podstawie rozwiązania procesu optymalizacji.

  • Porównanie metod detekcji pierwszego prążka odpowiedzi impulsowej do celów radiolokalizacyjnych
    • Olga Błaszkiewicz
    • Jarosław Sadowski
    2019

    Poprawność określania położenia terminali ruchomych w sieciach radiowych bazujących na pomiarach zależności czasowych pomiędzy odbieranymi sygnałami zależy od dokładności estymacji czasu nadejścia pierwszej składowej sygnału radiowego. W celu porównania efektywności działania metod detekcji pierwszego prążka odpowiedzi impulsowej zaimplementowano trzy metody działające w oparciu o detekcję maksimum oraz cztery metody progowe. W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano wyniki działania siedmiu zaimplementowanych metod, a także dokonano ich porównania pomiędzy sobą. Badania przeprowadzono opierając się na zarejestrowanych, podczas trwania czterech kampanii pomiarowych, próbkach sygnałów pochodzących od nadajników sieci CDMA2000 pracującej przy częstotliwości 424,35 MHz. Zarejestrowane zestawy próbek zostały poddane cyfrowemu przetwarzaniu umożliwiającemu sprawdzenie działania metod detekcji pierwszego prążka odpowiedzi impulsowej. W celu jakościowego porównania działania metod detekcji pierwszego prążka odpowiedzi impulsowej posłużono się analizą dystrybuant rozrzutu wartości chwilowych czasu, prawdopodobieństw strat oraz odchyleń standardowych. Analizy te przyczyniły się do wykazania, że nie istnieje uniwersalna metoda, która w każdym z analizowanych środowisk propagacyjnych charakteryzowałaby się najmniejszym rozrzutem czasu detekcji przy jednoczesnym najmniejszym prawdopodobieństwie straty i odchyleniu standardowym.

  • Porównanie wybranych typów elektrowni jądrowych z reaktorem HTGR
    • Marta Drosińska-Komor
    • Natalia Szewczuk-Krypa
    2019 Energetyka, problemy energetyki i gospodarki paliwowo - energetycznej

    Wśród interesujących rozwiązań elektrowni jądrowych USA, Rosja i Chiny proponują zastosowanie tzw. pływających morskich elektrowni nuklearnych. Wchodzi w rachubę wyposażenie ich w reaktor wysokotemperaturowy typu HTGR, chłodzony gazem. Przeprowadzono rozważania i obliczenia sprawności dla bloków 560 MW parowej elektrowni jądrowej i elektrowni z turbiną gazową. Wyższa sprawność turbin parowych nie dyskredytuje możliwości zastosowania obu typów obiegów w zależności od lokalizacji i przeznaczenia elektrowni usytuowanych na morzu w pobliżu trudno dostępnych obszarów lądu i wysp.

  • Porównywanie zdjęć roślin na podstawie miar podobieństwa różniących się wykładnikiem potęgi
    • Adam Kaczmarek
    2019 Full text Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej

    Artykuł przedstawia studium przypadku poświęcone zastosowaniu różnych miar podobieństwa do porównywania zdjęćroślin. Miary te mają zastosowanie w przypadku użycia układu kamer składającej się z pięciu kamer umieszczonych w bliskiej odległości. Badany układ kamer, nazwany EBCA (Equal Baseline Camera Array), składa się z jednej kamery centralnej oraz kamer bocznych. Opisane miary podobieństwa stosuje się w algorytmach widzenia stereoskopowego pozwalających na oszacowanie odległości między kamerami a obiektami widocznymi na zdjęciach. W artykule zaproponowane zostało uogólnienie stosowanych dotychczas miar tj. SAD (Sum of Absolute Differences) i SSD (Sum of Squared Differences). Przeprowadzone eksperymenty świadcząto tym, że zaproponowane miary pozwalają na redukcję błędów oszacowania polegających na otrzymaniu wyników odbiegających od prawidłowych wartości o przyjętą wartość progową.

  • Positive Management of Universities: A Model of Motivation to Strive for Scientific Excellence
    • Beata Basińska
    • Krzysztof Leja
    • Magdalena Szuflita-Żurawska
    2019 Full text Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review

    Objective: The aim of the article is to conceptualise a model of work motivation in the management of universities striving for scientific excellence. Research Design & Methods: The most relevant for our aim is the self-determina tion theory that is applied to the work and organisational domain. We used a nar rative literature review. Findings: The proposed model is derived from the self-determination theory. It includes three types of motivation: autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amoti vation, as well as three psychological needs, i.e. autonomy, mastery, and purpose. These motives and needs can interact to enhance scientific effectiveness further. Implications & Recommendations: Universities need innovative staff who can con tribute to strengthening scientific productivity and enhance the influence of the uni versity at the international level. Contribution & Value Added: Connection of three perspectives – institutional, individ ual and scientific disciplines – will capture the complexities of managing work motiva tion oriented to scientific effectiveness.

  • Posłowie
    • Antoni Nowakowski
    • Ryszard Tadeusiewicz
    2019

    Podsumowano zawartość monografii. Omówiono perspektywy rozwoju informatyki medycznej na podstawie raportu ROTMED i innych dostępnych analiz. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na perspektywy rozwoju tej dyscypliny w najbliższych latach w Polsce.

  • Possibilities and benefits of a new method of modifying conventional building materials with phase-change materials (PCMs)
    • Michał Ryms
    • Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
    2019 CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS

    The paper presents a current study devoted to the optimization of the amount of PCM present within traditional building materials, utilized in this case in hollow-brick walls. Authors focus on proposing an alternative to typical direct addition of PCM to existing building materials: introducing two- and three-component mixtures, based on a porous PCM carrier, which in this case was construction aggregate. Preliminary studies of the possibility of using the aggregate as a carrier, which – due to its porosity and good strength – is well suited for this purpose, were the subject of separate research providing promising results. Three ways of placing PCM in brick openings were proposed and tested: with Micronal DS 5040 X in form of microcapsule powder; with Rubitherm RT22 applied in liquid form, and finally as a porous aggregate impregnated with Rubitherm RT22. The conducted tests were based on measuring cooling time of brick samples prepared in accordance with above variants of PCM placement, which were previously heated by a solar radiation simulator to approx. 30 C. Results of the experiments showed that the third variant – using aggregate as a PCM carrier, is the most advantageous. In this case, a minimal amount of PCM, which is relatively expensive compared to traditional construction materials, allows achieving cooling time very close to the maximum (100% for PCM without carrier), which effectively extends the stabilization period of room temperature. This way, less expensive solid-liquid PCMs can be utilized instead of Micronal DS 5040 X which is easy to use but relatively expensive due to microencapsulation. Additionally, utilizing Rubitherm RT22 captured in aggregate proved that even a material which is very difficult to apply in construction can be used to increase the energy efficiency of buildings. Similar effect was observed in the study of plaster board samples containing porous construction aggregate soaked in Rubitherm RT22.

  • Possibilities of Leachate Co-Treatment Originating from Biogas Production in the Deammonification Process
    • Joanna Majtacz
    • Dominika Grubba
    • Przemysław Kowal
    • Krzysztof Czerwionka
    2019 Full text Journal of Ecological Engineering

    In the methane fermentation process, sewage sludge is the single substrate or serves as a co-substrate with the addition of various waste products. After the treatment stable digestate is obtained, which consists of two phases solid and liquid. Liquid phase, called as a leachate, due to the high content of nutrients must be treated before they are discharged into the final receiver. Physical and chemical methods of leachate treatment are usually expensive and difficult to maintain. Application of biological methods seems to be promising in such applications, however number of papers focused on such issue is limited. The aim of the presented study was to determine the treatment possibility of leachate generated during co-fermentation of agricultural products (bovine slurry) and excessive activated sludge in the deammonification process. During the experiment dewatered digestate from the mesophilic co-fermentation of bovine slurry and excessive active sludge, were co-treated with synthetic wastewater in a 1:3 weight ratio in the sequencing bath reactor. In the final test period, the Superfloc C494VP polyelectrolyte (from Kemira) was dosed into the leachate in order to enhance solids removal. AUR, NPR and AA were calculated to evaluate the deammonification process. It turns out that it is possible to co-treat leachate from biogas plants in C/N ratio no more than 1. The test also noted that a better oxidation effect of NH4 - N was noted by adding polyelectrolyte to leachate. On the other hand, this negatively affected the viscosity of the granules and their sticking.

  • Possibility of Fault Detection in Sensorless Electric Drives
    • Jarosław Guziński
    • Piotr Kołodziejek
    • Patrick Strankowski
    2019 Automatyka Elektryka Zakłócenia

    The work presents a fault detection method for an induction motor drive system with inverter output filter. This approach make use of a load torque state observer, which complete structure is presented along with the used control structure. Moreover, the demonstrated drive system operates without rotor speed measurement in conjunction with the multiscalar control. The verification of the demonstrated idea was performed on an experimental test setup by introducing drive faults, e.g.: misalignment of the machine and unbalance of the drive shaft. Finally,an FFT analysis of the presented results confirmed the beneficial usability of the developed diagnostic tool.

  • Post-comatose patients with minimal consciousness tend to preserve reading comprehension skills but neglect syntax and spelling
    • Agnieszka Kwiatkowska
    • Michał Lech
    • Piotr Odya
    • Andrzej Czyżewski
    2019 Full text Scientific Reports

    Modern eye tracking technology provides a means for communication with patients suffering from disorders of consciousness (DoC) or remaining in locked-in-state. However, being able to use an eye tracker for controlling text-based contents by such patients requires preserved reading ability in the first place. To our knowledge, this aspect, although of great social importance, so far has seemed to be neglected. In the paper, we presented the possibility of using an eye-tracking technology for assessing reading comprehension skills in post-comatose patients with minimal consciousness. We prepared various syllable-, word- and sentence-based tasks, controlled by gaze, used for assessing the reading comprehension skills. The obtained results showed that people with minimal consciousness preserved the reading comprehension skills, in most cases to a high extent, but had difficulties with recognizing errors in the written text. The ability to maintain attention during performing the tasks was in statistically significant correlation with motivation, and that one was in a statistically significant correlation with the reading ability. The results indicate that post-comatose patients with minimal consciousness can read words and sentences, hence some useful hints may be provided for the development of gaze tracking-based human-computer interfaces for these people.

  • Postęp i problemy z wdrażaniem strategii HR4R
    • Agnieszka Lendzion
    • Marta Jankowska
    2019 Full text Dzień Jakości PG

    Perspektywiczne zarządzanie instytucjami wymusza zmiany w ich polityce personalnej w kierunku świadomego działania na rzecz kapitału ludzkiego. Politechnika Gdańska (PG), wdrażając zasady Europejskiej Karty Naukowca i Kodeksu Postępowania przy Rekrutacji Pracowników Naukowych, wpisuje się idealnie w ten nurt.

  • Postquarter-Point Case of Ship’s Side-Berthing and Its Influence on Marine Fender Pitch
    • Waldemar Magda
    2019 JOURNAL OF WATERWAY PORT COASTAL AND OCEAN ENGINEERING-ASCE

    This paper presents a critical analysis of some selected codes and practical recommendations used as basic rules in the design procedures of modern marine fender systems. The first part of the discussion pertains to the existing equations used in calculating the eccentricity coefficient in the ship’s kinetic energy equation and the maximum allowable fender pitch (spacing) in a set of fenders installed along a quay wall. A new approach for the single-fender ship-to-fender contact mode during the side-berthing procedure is introduced, assuming three different special cases (i.e., the prequarter-point case, the quarter-point case, and the postquarter-point case) of the relative position of the ship’s hull with respect to the compressed fender unit. New equations are proposed for the maximum allowable fender pitch and the extreme berthing angles associated with the postquarter-point case of the single-fender and two-fender contact modes. Taking a ferry contact with an MV-type (or pi-type) modular fender as an example, a detailed computational analysis has been performed, illustrating permissible geometrical ship-fender-quay configurations and their influence on the eccentricity coefficient, and, consequently, on the effective kinetic energy of a berthing ship.