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Gdańsk University of Technology

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  • Panopticum 1.0 Curator's choice
    • Jan Buczkowski
    2023

    Wystawa zbiorowa 7 artystów współpracujących z galerią jest kuratorskim wyborem prac w których dominującymi kolorami są czerń i biel. Kuratorem wystawy jest Natalia Bimer

  • Paradoxes in the engineering change management process
    • Jakub Tryczak
    • Anna Lis
    • Paweł Ziemiański
    2023 Full text Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

    Purpose: The main purpose of this paper is to conceptualize and operationalize paradoxes that are significant in the engineering change management (ECM) process. The following research question was stated: What are the paradoxes that influence the ECM process, and how can they be measured? Design/methodology/approach: The study is divided into two parts: conceptualization and operationalization. Conceptualization involved a literature review, which allowed for identifying initial categories of paradoxes that were later verified during in-depth personal interviews with the study participants. The subsequent operationalization involved developing a measurement tool which is a semantic differential scale that allows for assessing the perceived current and desired approach to solving paradoxes affecting ECM. The tool was revised based on in-depth personal interviews with participants of the ECM process. For the study, a manufacturing company which implemented a change management process was selected. Findings: Four general groups of paradoxes previously identified in the paradox theory literature (i.e. learning, belonging, performing, and organizing) were used to develop a list of paradoxes specific to the ECM process. In-depth interviews allowed to obtain data from experienced participants of the process, which was used to verify the preliminary list. The result of this verification was the list of 12 paradoxes that was included in the final measurement tool. Research limitations: Even though the study involved well-informed participants who are experienced in the ECM process, they represented a single company. Additionally, the proposed research tool may require further verification in subsequent studies. Practical implications: The knowledge regarding paradoxes specific to the ECM process and the created tool can be helpful for change administrators, project managers, and other stakeholders. They allow to define the areas of most significant tensions in the ECM process that require attention and effort. Originality/value: This paper's main value pertains to two different domains- cognitive and methodic. The undertaken attempt to include paradoxes and their significance in the analysis of the ECM process broadens the current understanding of process determinants. The proposed research tool, which is based on a well-grounded theoretical approach to paradoxes and adapted to fit the ECM process, can be used in further research.

  • Parallel implementation of a Sailing Assistance Application in a Cloud Environment
    • Marcin Życzkowski
    • Rafał Szłapczyński
    • Piotr Orzechowski
    • Henryk Krawczyk
    2023 Full text IEEE Access

    Sailboat weather routing is a highly complex problem in terms of both the computational time and memory. The reason for this is a large search resulting in a multitude of possible routes and a variety of user preferences. Analysing all possible routes is only feasible for small sailing regions, low-resolution maps, or sailboat movements on a grid. Therefore, various heuristic approaches are often applied, which can find solutions within an acceptable time, sacrificing their optimality and accuracy. In this study, we propose a different approach based on the parallel implementation of an exact algorithm. Specifically, we present a Sailing Assistance Application (SAA) utilizing a deterministic approach and show how it can be parallelized in a cloud environment to reduce its execution time. The potential of the proposed parallelization method goes beyond the particular presented solution; it can be used to improve the performance of other weather routing tools such as collision avoidance and related applications.

  • Peculiarities of measurement uncertainty evaluation at calibrating a ring gauge
    • Igor Zakharov
    • Olesia Botsiura
    • Dimitar Diakov
    • Dariusz Świsulski
    2023

    Example S13 from EA-4/02 M:2013 “Calibration of a ring gauge with a nominal diameter of 90 mm” is analyzed. The report uses the kurtosis method and the law of propagation of expanded uncertainty developed by the authors to the expanded uncertainty evaluation. It is shown that the introduction of a coaxiality correction for the ring gauge and the measuring axis of the comparator leads to the need to estimate its standard measurement uncertainty using the second-order terms of the Taylor series and taking into account the kurtosis of input quantities using the method of partial increments. A good agreement between the results obtained by applying the described procedure and the results obtained by the Monte Carlo method is shown.

  • Peer assessment as a method for measuring harmful internet use
    • Waldemar W. Koczkodaj
    • Alicja Kowalczyk
    • Mirosław Mazurek
    • Witold Pedrycz
    • Grzegorz Redlarski
    • Elżbieta Rogalska
    • Dominik Strzałka
    • Agnieszka Szymańska
    • Antoni Wilinski
    • Songwen Xue
    2023 Full text MethodsX

    Harmful Internet use (HIU) describes unintended use of the Internet. It could be both self-harm and harming others. Our research goal is to develop a more accurate method for measuring HIU by this novel peer assessment. As such, it may become, with our call for more research, a paradigm shift supplementing every rating scale or other type of Internet use assessment. In addition to classic statistical analysis, structural equations have been employed. Results indicate that the true positive rate (TPR) is substantially higher than assessed in other studies.

  • "Pejzaż malarstwa polskiego"
    • Dominika Krechowicz
    2023

    Pejzaż malarstwa polskiego to szeroka i różnorodna prezentacja twórczości polskich współczesnych artystów, którzy przedstawią swoje najnowsze prace. Ekspozycja obejmie ponad 200 dzieł autorstwa 140 malarzy reprezentujących wszystkie aktualne nurty od realizmu i figuracji po abstrakcyjną sztukę bezprzedmiotową oraz obiekty. Na wystawie Pejzaż malarstwa polskiego obok siebie znajdą się prace uznanych klasyków współczesności, malarzy średniego pokolenia oraz najciekawszych młodych artystów i debiutantów. Malarze, którzy biorą udział w tym projekcie, reprezentują wszystkie najważniejsze w naszym kraju artystyczne uczelnie, ośrodki sztuki oraz kulturalne środowiska. Po prawie dwóch dekadach od pamiętnej wystawy Malarstwo polskie XXI wieku, Zachęta – Narodowa Galeria Sztuki zaprasza do obejrzenia ekspozycji Pejzaż malarstwa polskiego, która ponawia pytanie o rangę i miejsce w kulturze oraz przyszłość tej niezmiennie wiodącej dziedziny sztuk plastycznych. https://zacheta.art.pl/pl/wystawy/pejzaz-malarstwa-polskiego

  • Performance assessment of OpenMP constructs and benchmarks using modern compilers and multi-core CPUs
    • Bartłomiej Gawrych
    • Paweł Czarnul
    2023

    Considering ongoing developments of both modern CPUs, especially in the context of increasing numbers of cores, cache memory and architectures as well as compilers there is a constant need for benchmarking representative and frequently run workloads. The key metric is speed-up as the computational power of modern CPUs stems mainly from using multiple cores. In this paper, we show and discuss results from running codes such as: batch normalization, convolution, linear function, matrix multiplication, prime number test and wave equation; using compilers such as: GNU gcc, LLVM clang, icx, icc; run on four different 1 or 2-socket systems: 1 x Intel Core i7-5960X, 1 x Intel Core i9-9940X, 2 x Intel Xeon Platinum 8280L, 2 x Intel Xeon Gold 6130. Results can be regarded as suggestions concerning scaling on particular CPUs including recommended thread number configurations.

  • Performance Evaluation of Asphalt Binder Modified with Shear Thickening Fluid
    • Tanveer Hassan
    • Naveed Ahmad
    • Diyar Khan
    • Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan
    • Akhlaq Aman
    • Umar Farooq
    2023 JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

    This paper aims at using a dilatant or shear thickening fluid (STF) [a non-Newtonian fluid consisting of particles of nano-silica suspended in a liquid medium, i.e., ethylene glycol (EG), which acts as a carrier fluid; proportion 40:60] as additive or modifier of bitumen in order to enhance its viscoelastic properties. A commonly-used performance grading (PG) system, storage stability test, and different conventional and rheological tests were carried out to optimize the dosage of the STF into the bitumen (investigating the influence of 2%, 4%, and 6% of STF on the bitumen) and to define the related properties. The results show that using 4% STF by weight of the binder (an asphalt binder with an 80/100 penetration grade) improves high-temperature viscoelastic properties and bitumen performance grading.

  • Performance of cryogenic oxygen production unit with exhaust gas bleed for sewage sludge gasification and different oxygen purities
    • Maja Kaszuba
    • Paweł Ziółkowski
    • Dariusz Mikielewicz
    2023 Full text Archives of Thermodynamics

    The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of the integration of a cryogenic air separation unit into a negative CO2 emission gas power plant. The power cycle utilizes sewage sludge as fuel so this system fits into the innovative idea of bioenergy with carbon capture and storage. A cryogenic air separation unit integrated with the power plant was simulated in professional plant engineering and thermodynamic process analysis software. Two cases of the thermodynamic cycle have been studied, namely with the exhaust bleed for fuel treatment and without it. The results of calculations indicate that the net efficiencies of the negative CO2 emission gas power plant reach 27.05% (combustion in 95.0% pure oxygen) and 24.57% (combustion in 99.5% pure oxygen) with the bleed. The efficiencies of the cycle without the bleed are 29.26% and 27.0% for combustion in 95.0% pure oxygen and 99.5% pure oxygen, respectively. For the mentioned cycle, the calculated energy penalty of oxygen production was 0.235 MWh/kgO2 for the lower purity value. However, for higher purity namely 99.5%, the energy penalty of oxygen production for the thermodynamic cycle including the bleed and excluding the bleed was indicated 0.346 and 0.347 MWh/kgO2,respectively.

  • Performance tuning of chitosan-based membranes by protonated 2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid-sulfolane DES for effective water/ethanol separation by pervaporation
    • Roberto Castro-Muñoz
    • Łukasz Cichocki
    • Maksymilian Plata-Gryl
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    • Francesco Galiano
    2023 CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN

    Today, the applicability of deep eutectic solvents (DES) in various fields, including membrane science and technology, is extensively investigated. In pioneering works, we have implemented different DES as a component of chitosan (CS)-based flat membranes for pervaporation (PV) separation. Herein, we present a new protonated (by sulphuric acid) 2-Pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid: sulfolane DES, as a green additive for its chemical blending and thus study its effect in CS structure. The resultant flat CS-based membranes have been characterized and tested for their ability in separating water molecules from ethanolic mixtures (10 wt.% water in ethanol) using PV. Experiments revealed a progressive increase in total permeation along with increase of temperature in the range of 20 to 50°C. Simultaneously, the value of separation factor was reduced. The maximum permeation (approximately 0.44 kg m-2 h -1 ) was observed for the highest experimental temperature, in which water was the main component, while the highest separation factor (approximately 518) was observed for lowest operating temperature. It was confirmed that application of selected DES allowed to improve the permeation rates in comparison with the bare CS membrane. As a perspective, such membranes could be tested for another hydrophilic pervaporation applications for the removal of polar compounds – with high applicability in biorefineries.

  • Periodic and chaotic dynamics in a map‐based neuron model
    • Frank Llovera Trujillo
    • Justyna Signerska-Rynkowska
    • Piotr Bartłomiejczyk
    2023 Full text MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN THE APPLIED SCIENCES

    Map-based neuron models are an important tool in modeling neural dynamics and sometimes can be considered as an alternative to usually computationally costlier models based on continuous or hybrid dynamical systems. However, due to their discrete nature, rigorous mathematical analysis might be challenging. We study a discrete model of neuronal dynamics introduced by Chialvo in 1995. In particular, we show that its reduced one-dimensional version can be treated as an independent simple model of neural activity where the input and the fixed value of the recovery variable are parameters. This one-dimensional model still displays very rich and varied dynamics. Using the fact that the map whose iterates define voltage dynamics is S-unimodal, we describe in detail both the periodic behavior and the occurrence of different notions of chaos, indicating corresponding regions in parameter space. Our study is also complemented by a bifurcation analysis of the mentioned dynamical model.

  • Permeability of sandy soils estimated from particle size distribution and field measurements
    • Wioletta Gorczewska-Langner
    • Anna Gumuła-Kawęcka
    • Beata Jaworska-Szulc
    • Rafael Angulo-Jaramillo
    • Adam Szymkiewicz
    2023 Full text Archives of Civil Engineering

    Accurate estimation of soil permeability is crucial in many geotechnical applications. Empirical and theoretical equations based on soil particle size distribution (PSD) offer a fast and cheap way for preliminary estimation of permeability in granular soils, however the results obtained from various formulas available in the literature often show significant discrepancies. While several comparative studies on this topic have been published, no definite conclusions can be drawn on the performance of the predictive equations in comparison with in-situ permeability measurements. Many formulas require porosity or void ratio as input parameter, which is difficult to obtain for granular soil in-situ. In this study we applied 30 predictive equations to estimate permeability of sandy soil in an outwash plain deposit. The equations were divided into 5 groups, based on their structure and the required input parameters. Empirical formulas were used to estimate the expected in-situ porosity range. The obtained permeability values were compared to the results of in-situ permeameter measurements and pumping tests. Significant differences in the results and in their sensitivity to porosity were found between the 5 groups of methods. In general, simple equations which do not include porosity were in better agreement with measurements than the other groups.

  • Peroxymonosulfate-assisted photocatalytic degradation of artificial sweeteners in water
    • Jakub Smoliński
    • Agnieszka Fiszka Borzyszkowska
    • Paweł Kubica
    • Anna Zielińska-Jurek
    2023 Full text Chemical and Process Engineering : New Frontiers

    In the present study, peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation was proposed for efficient photocatalytic degradation of aspartame, acesulfame, saccharin, and cyclamate - artificial sweeteners frequently present in wastewaters and surface waters worldwide. The TiO2 nanosheets with exposed {0 0 1} facets were synthesised using the fluorine-free lyophilisation technique as a green concept for the synthesis and used for the photodegradation of selected sweeteners not susceptible to biodegradation. The synergetic effect of photocatalysis with the sulfate radical-based process was for the first time investigated. It was found that the studied artificial sweeteners were practically not susceptible to photolysis within 60 minutes of irradiation. In the presence of 2D titanium (IV) oxide, the artificial sweeteners were degraded entirely in less than 30 min, whereas the addition of peroxymonosulfate resulted in complete degradation after 10 – 15 minutes of the process.

  • Persistences: analysis of the image of Gdańsk and its cultural identity through survey processes and digital architectural representation
    • Sandro Parrinello
    • Justyna Borucka
    • Jakub Szczepański
    • Francesca Picchio
    2023

    The aim of the research was to analyse the historical legacy/heritage of the city of Gdańsk in order to characterise the narrative tools which can be used to promote the cultural identity of the urban landscape. The main focus was on the city's defence system - a cultural route that is spatially limited to a relatively small area, but temporally spanning almost a millennium. The fortifications demarcate a spatial boundary, limiting the urban layout, which has remained distinguishable over the centuries, however changing its image. The research activities have been carried out by a multidisciplinary group of scholars participating in the H2020 PROMETHEUS European project aimed at developing innovative methodologies for digitising architecture with the integration of multidisciplinary data and information models, leading to specialised figures capable of operating on heritage built assets. The image of the city and the urban landscape is transforming in an attempt to strengthen its historical identity. In each century, new architectural and formal models are introduced, which become integrated with the structural characteristics of the urban layout, altering the urban space. Today, in the digital age, it is becoming strategic not only to convert architecture and its models, but also to make the urban image more explicit, trying to translate the invariants of the landscape into the 3D digital databases.

  • Personalized prediction of the secondary oocytes number after ovarian stimulation: A machine learning model based on clinical and genetic data
    • Krystian Zieliński
    • Sebastian Pukszta
    • Małgorzata Mickiewicz
    • Marta Kotlarz
    • Piotr Wygocki
    • Marcin Zieleń
    • Dominika Drzewiecka
    • Damian Drzyzga
    • Anna Kloska
    • Joanna Jakóbkiewicz-Banecka
    2023 Full text PLoS Computational Biology

    Controlled ovarian stimulation is tailored to the patient based on clinical parameters but estimating the number of retrieved metaphase II (MII) oocytes is a challenge. Here, we have developed a model that takes advantage of the patient’s genetic and clinical characteristics simultaneously for predicting the stimulation outcome. Sequence variants in reproduction-related genes identified by next-generation sequencing were matched to groups of various MII oocyte counts using ranking, correspondence analysis, and self-organizing map methods. The gradient boosting machine technique was used to train models on a clinical dataset of 8,574 or a clinical-genetic dataset of 516 ovarian stimulations. The clinical-genetic model predicted the number of MII oocytes better than that based on clinical data. Anti-Müllerian hormone level and antral follicle count were the two most important predictors while a genetic feature consisting of sequence variants in the GDF9, LHCGR, FSHB, ESR1, and ESR2 genes was the third. The combined contribution of genetic features important for the prediction was over one-third of that revealed for anti-Müllerian hormone. Predictions of our clinical-genetic model accurately matched individuals’ actual outcomes preventing over- or underestimation. The genetic data upgrades the personalized prediction of ovarian stimulation outcomes, thus improving the in vitro fertilization procedure.

  • ‘Personas for lighting’. Three methods to develop personas for the indoor lighting environment
    • Natalia Sokół
    • Justyna Martyniuk-Pęczek
    • Barbara Matusiak
    • Claudia Naves David Amorim
    • Marta Waczynska
    • Julia Kurek
    • Natalia Giraldo Vasquez
    • Sergio Sibilio
    • Julia Kanno
    • Michelangelo Scorpio
    • Marzieh Nazari
    • Yasuko Koga
    2023 Full text ENERGY AND BUILDINGS

    The objective of this research is to describe and compare three different methods of generating ‘persona for lighting’ to envision users’ behaviour within the lighting environment. ‘Personas’ are used to represent typical users, highlighting their needs, perspectives, and expectations to aid user-centric design approaches. The researchers looked for the most useful method of shaping ‘personas for lighting’ to learn about users’ satisfaction with the various lighting conditions to identify their needs. Method one of lighting persona development, was based on interviews with 87 users of five buildings of four different types: an office, a primary school, two university buildings, and a factory. The lighting conditions were observed and measured in all the buildings. As a result, 22 personas for lighting were created. In method two personas were generated based on pre-interviews, workshops on lighting and post-interviews with ten users along with the onsite lighting measurements. Later, due to the Covid-19 pandemic’s lockdowns, an online survey on the visual lighting environment in home offices was carried out among 694 students and professionals from seven countries to create two more personas for lighting (method three). All 26 ‘personas for lighting’ were generated in relation to observed lighting conditions, based on the satisfaction, preferences and needs of the users working within variously lit indoor environments. All the tested methods can be used for nearly any type of building and room, but the resulting personas are different due to the specific limitations of the methods. The created personas may help to identify future users’ lighting preferences, needs and requirements and assist designers. However, to fully understand their impact on the lighting research practice they should be tested in real projects

  • Phage Therapy—Challenges, Opportunities and Future Prospects
    • Beata Zalewska-Piątek
    2023 Full text Pharmaceuticals

    The increasing drug resistance of bacteria to commonly used antibiotics creates the need to search for and develop alternative forms of treatment. Phage therapy fits this trend perfectly. Phages that selectively infect and kill bacteria are often the only life-saving therapeutic option. Full legalization of this treatment method could help solve the problem of multidrug-resistant infectious diseases on a global scale. The aim of this review is to present the prospects for the development of phage therapy, the ethical and legal aspects of this form of treatment given the current situation of such therapy, and the benefits of using phage products in persons for whom available therapeutic options have been exhausted or do not exist at all. In addition, the challenges faced by this form of therapy in the fight against bacterial infections are also described. More clinical studies are needed to expand knowledge about phages, their dosage, and a standardized delivery system. These activities are necessary to ensure that phage-based therapy does not take the form of an experiment but is a standard medical treatment. Bacterial viruses will probably not become a miracle cure—a panacea for infections—but they have a chance to find an important place in medicine.

  • Pharmacomicrobiomics of cell-cycle specific anti-cancer drugs – is it a new perspective for personalized treatment of cancer patients?
    • Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka
    • Nikola Bulman
    • Paweł Ulasiński
    • Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
    • Karol Polom
    • Luigi Marano
    • Leszek Kalinowski
    • Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka
    2023 Full text Gut Microbes

    Intestinal bacteria are equipped with an enzyme apparatus that is involved in the active biotrans-formation of xenobiotics, including drugs. Pharmacomicrobiomics, a new area of pharmacology, analyses interactions between bacteria and xenobiotics. However, there is another side to the coin. Pharmacotherapeutic agents can significantly modify the microbiota, which consequently affects their efficacy. In this review, we comprehensively gathered scientific evidence on the interplay between anticancer therapies and gut microbes. We also underlined how such interactions might impact the host response to a given therapy. We discuss the possibility of modulating the gut microbiota to increase the effectiveness/decrease the incidence of adverse events during tumor therapy. The anticipation of the future brings new evidence that gut microbiota is a target of interest to increase the efficacy of therapy.

  • Philosophy of Symbolic Forms and a Mystery of “Appearing Itself ”. Cassirer in the Context of Phenomenology
    • Przemysław Parszutowicz
    2023

    in the publications concerning Cassirer, whose number has been increasing for about a dozen years, more and more space is devoted to the genesis of his philosophy, and more attention is paid to its linkage to Neo-Kantian Marburg school. Also, in addition to Kantian, Hegelian and Goethean heritage in Cassirer’s philosophy is indicated, while its discovered philosophical foundations make it possible to regard the author of The Philosophy of Symbolic Forms not only as a historian and theoretician of philosophy and culture, but also as the creator of an original philosophical system, where motifs referring to metaphysics can also be found, and which is founded on phenomenology understood in a specific way.

  • Phosphinoborenium cations stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes: synthesis, structure, and reactivity
    • Kinga Kaniewska-Laskowska
    • Anna Ordyszewska
    • Tomasz Wojnowski
    • Hanna Halenka
    • Marcin Czapla
    • Jarosław Chojnacki
    • Rafał Grubba
    2023 Full text DALTON TRANSACTIONS

    Phosphinoborenium cations stabilized by N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) were synthesized via the reaction of bromo(phosphino)boranes with NHCs. Their structures were investigated by heteronuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and density functional theory calculations. They possess a planar trigonal boron center directly bonded with the pyramidal phosphanyl group (PR2) and can be treated as cationic phosphinoboranes. The reactivity of the selected NHC-phosphinoborenium cation was tested toward AuCl·SMe2 and Ph2PCl. In both reactions, the titled compound acted as a phosphido group donor under heterolytic cleavage of the P–B bond. Control experiments with parent phosphinoborane emphasized differences between the reactivity of low-coordinate neutral and cationic species with P–B functionality.

  • Photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide nanorods incorporated graphitic carbon nitride catalyst
    • Shanmugapriya Dharani
    • Arunachalam Saravana Vadivu
    • Anna Zielińska-Jurek
    • Arunachalam Chinnathambi
    • Md Ramesh
    • Matias Soto-Moscoso
    2023 Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

    Background Photocatalysts are user-friendly and serve as compatible materials for degrading industrial dye pollutants. This study utilizes zinc oxide/graphitic carbon nitride (ZnO/g-C3N4) nanocomposites against degrading methylene blue (MB). Methods The hydrothermal method assisted sonication technique was used to fabricate the ZnO/g-C3N4 composite with varying ratios of ZnO/g-C3N4 (1:0.25, 1:0.50, 1:1). The synthesized materials have undergone various sophisticated techniques for finding their physiochemical properties and have been utilized for photodegradation activities. Significant findings The characterized results exhibit that the nanoflakes of g-C3N4 were covered with nanorods of zinc oxide when observed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies demonstrate that the ZnO/g-C3N4 material was successfully synthesized. The X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS) and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed the present oxidation states and chemical bonding of the materials. The photocatalytic activity results demonstrated that the concentration of ZnO molar ratio in varying g-C3N4 significantly affected the decomposition performance. The ZnO/g-C3N4 (1:0.50) presented a higher rate of degradation, reaching 92% at 120 minutes under UV light and 65% at 240 minutes under visible light irradiation. This could be explained by the mechanism that follows the separation of charge carriers, thereby producing hydroxyl radicals for the effective degradation of MB pollutants.

  • Photocatalytic decolourization of Rhodamine-B dye by visible light active ZIF-8/BiFeO3 composite
    • Bhaskar Bethi
    • Gidla Bhanu Radhika
    • Le Minh Thang
    • Shirish H. Sonawane
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    2023 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH

    In this work, preparation of ZIF-8 supported BiFeO3 photocatalyst by ultrasound cavitation technique was reported. The synthesized materials were characterized using solid UV absorption spectroscopy, Raman Spectroscopy, and SEM. The catalytic function of synthesized photocatalyst under ultraviolet and visible light was examined for the decolourization of Rhodamine-B (Rh-B) dye. To understand the action of the photocatalyst on Rh-B decolorization, the influence of different operating parameters such as wt% of ZIF-8 in composite, catalyst dosage, initial dye concentration, initial solution pH, and source of light was examined. The obtained results show that 40.7 wt% of ZIF-8/BiFeO3 composite exhibited the highest possible photocatalytic behaviour against decolorization of Rh-B dye. The acidic pH of the solution had shown greater effectiveness in removing Rh-B dye. The tests and study demonstrate that the hybrid ZIF-8/BiFeO3 has a stronger photocatalytic activity for decolorization of the Rh-B dye relative to the ZIF-8 MOF and BiFeO3. The synthesized ZIF-8/BiFeO3 demonstrated outstanding photocatalytic behaviour in the presence of ultraviolet and visible light towards the removal of Rh-B dye from the aqueous media.

  • Photocatalytic degradation and pollutant-oriented structure-activity analysis of carbamazepine, ibuprofen and acetaminophen over faceted TiO2
    • Szymon Dudziak
    • Agnieszka Fiszka Borzyszkowska
    • Anna Zielińska-Jurek
    2023 Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering

    Photocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine, ibuprofen, acetaminophen and phenol was studied in the presence of anatase photocatalyst, exposing three different crystal facets in the majority of {0 0 1}, {1 0 0} or {1 0 1}. It was found that octahedral anatase particles exposing {1 0 1} facets allow to achieve the best degradation and mineralization of all persistent organic pollutants. This confirms that the previous findings, showing high {1 0 1} activity, are not limited to phenol and could be generalized for other water pollutants. Based on the obtained results, a correlation model including exposed TiO2 crystal facet and chemical hardness of the pollutant was developed to predict the degradation rate of pollutants with a possibly diverse electronic structure. The structureactivity analyses, based on the reactivity predictors obtained from the DFT calculations for all tested compounds, have shown that pollutants with higher chemical hardness react faster with the photocatalyst. Alternatively, a similar effect was observed for the higher HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the compound. This relation indicates that for compounds with a low energy position of LUMO orbital, e.g., carbamazepine, process efficiency is not strictly dependent on the stability of h+ generated organic radical, which is often pointed out as an initial reactive form. Based on these results, a correlation model was developed for the first time to quantitatively describe the effect of the facet-pollutant interactions based on their independent electronic properties. Finally, this was followed by the detailed degradation study of the pharmaceuticals mixture, showing the impact of the total concentration and role of active species on the degradation efficiency over facet-engineered TiO2 photocatalysts.

  • Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution from glycerol-water mixture under visible light over zinc indium sulfide (ZnIn2S4) nanosheets grown on bismuth oxychloride (BiOCl) microplates
    • Onur Cavdar
    • Mateusz Baluk
    • Anna Malankowska
    • Andrzej Zak
    • Wojciech Lisowski
    • Tomasz Klimczuk
    • Adriana Zaleska-Medynska
    • Mateusz Adam Baluk
    2023 JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE

    ZnIn2S4 (ZIS) is one of the widely studied photocatalyst for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution applications due to its prominent visible light response and strong reduction ability. However, its photocatalytic glycerol reforming performance for hydrogen evolution has never been reported. Herein, the visible light driven BiOCl@ZnIn2S4 (BiOCl@ZIS) composite was synthesized by growth of ZIS nanosheets on a template-like hydrothermally pre-prepared wide-band-gap BiOCl microplates using simple oil-bath method to be used for the first time for photocatalytic glycerol reforming for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) under visible light irradiation (k > 420 nm). The optimum amount of BiOCl microplates in the composite was found 4 wt% (4% BiOCl@ZIS) in the presence of in-situ 1 wt% Pt deposition. Then, the in-situ Pt photodeposition optimization studies over 4% BiOCl@ZIS composite showed the highest PHE rate of 674 lmol g-1h1 with the ultra-low platinum amount (0.0625 wt%). The possible mechanisms behind this improvement can be ascribed to the formation of Bi2S3 low-band-gap semiconductor during BiOCl@ZIS composite synthesis resulting in Z-scheme charge transfer mechanism between ZIS and Bi2S3 upon visible light irradiation. This work expresses not only the photocatalytic glycerol reforming over ZIS photocatalyst but also a solid proof of the contribution of wide-band-gap BiOCl photocatalysts to enhancement of ZIS PHE performance under visible light.

  • Photonic sensor to detect rapid changes in CRP levels
    • Małgorzata Szczerska
    • Monika Kosowska
    • Roman Viter
    • Paweł Wityk
    2023 Full text Journal of Biophotonics

    One of the most important biomarkers used to determine inflammation is C-reactive protein (CRP). Its level, when it is within the range that does not define inflammation, informs about the risk of cardiovascular events. If the norm is exceeded and inflammation is detected in the body, CRP level can increase 1000 times within a few hours. The type of infection can also be determined based on the level of elevated CRP. All this makes CRP a very important element of diagnostics. A sensor based on low coherence interference is presented. Preliminary studies have shown that its sensitivity is 5.65 μg/L and the measurement time is short, <10 min. The entire system is built of commercially available components, which allow production cost minimalization. In addition, the user-friendly operation allows it to be operated by unqualified people. Due to these features, our solution is a promising alternative to commercially used enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which needs trained personnel to perform time-consuming measurement procedures.

  • Photos and rendered images of LEGO bricks
    • Tomasz Boiński
    2023 Full text Scientific Data

    The paper describes a collection of datasets containing both LEGO brick renders and real photos. The datasets contain around 155,000 photos and nearly 1,500,000 renders. The renders aim to simulate real-life photos of LEGO bricks allowing faster creation of extensive datasets. The datasets are publicly available via the Gdansk University of Technology “Most Wiedzy” institutional repository. The source files of all tools used during the creation of the dataset were made publicly available via GitHub repositories. The images, both photos and the renders were annotated with the unique brick ID and category from the official LEGO catalog. The proposed datasets are stored in easy-to-read formats and are labeled via directory structure allowing easy manipulation and conversion of metadata to other formats.

  • pH-Responsive Drug Delivery Nanoplatforms as Smart Carriers of Unsymmetrical Bisacridines for Targeted Cancer Therapy
    • Joanna Pilch
    • Agnieszka Potęga
    • Agata Kowalczyk
    • Artur Kasprzak
    • Patrycja Kowalik
    • Piotr Bujak
    • Ewa Paluszkiewicz
    • Ewa Augustin
    • Anna M. Nowicka
    2023 Full text Pharmaceutics

    Selective therapy and controlled drug release at an intracellular level remain key challenges for effective cancer treatment. Here, we employed folic acid (FA) as a self-navigating molecule in nanoconjugates containing quantum dots (QDs) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) for the delivery of antitumor unsymmetrical bisacridine compound (C-2028) to lung and prostate cancers as well as normal cells. The bisacridine derivative can form the inclusion complex with β-cyclodextrin molecule, due to the presence of a planar fragment in its structure. The stability of such a complex is pH-dependent. The drug release profile at different pH values and the mechanism of C-2028 release from QDs-β-CD-FA nanoconjugates were investigated. Next, the intracellular fate of compounds and their influence on lysosomal content in the cells were also studied. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy studies proved that all investigated compounds were delivered to acidic organelles, the pH of which promoted an increased release of C-2028 from its nanoconjugates. Since the pH in normal cells is higher than in cancer cells, the release of C-2028 from its nanoconjugates is decreased in these cells. Additionally, we obtained the concentration profiles of C-2028 in the selected cells treated with unbound C-2028 or nanoconjugate by the HPLC analysis.

  • Phytochemical screening and biological evaluation of Greek sage (Salvia fruticosa Mill.) extracts
    • Marika Mróz
    • Barbara Kusznierewicz
    2023 Full text Scientific Reports

    This study explores the influence of extraction solvents on the composition and bioactivity of Salvia fruticosa extracts. Ultrasound-assisted extraction with water, ethanol and their mixtures in variable proportions was used to produce four different extracts. An untargeted UPLC/MS‑based metabolomics was performed to discover metabolites profile variation between the extracts. In the analyzed samples, 2704 features had been detected, of which 95 were tentatively identified. The concentrations of the important metabolites, namely, caffeic acid, carnosic acid, carnosol, rosmarinic acid, salvianolic acid B and scutellarin, were determined, using UPLC-PDA methods. Rosmarinic acid was the dominant metabolite and antioxidant in all tested extracts, except the aqueous extract, in which scutellarin was the most abundant compound. The extracts and standards were examined for antioxidant activity and xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitory activity. The most diverse in terms of chemical composition and rich in antioxidant compounds was 70% ethanolic extract and the strongest antioxidant was caffeic acid. All analyzed extracts showed the ability to inhibit XO activity, but the highest value was recorded for 30% ethanolic extract. Among tested standards, the most potent XO inhibitor was caffeic acid. The results suggest that the leaves of Greek sage are a source of natural XO inhibitors and may be an alternative to drugs produced by chemical synthesis.

  • Pin-on-Substrate Gap Waveguide: An Extremely Low-Cost Realization of High-Performance Gap Waveguide Components
    • Ali Karami Horestani
    • Michał Mrozowski
    2023 IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters

    Considering the limitations of currently available technologies for the realization of microwave components and antennas, a trade-off between different factors including the efficiency and fabrication cost is required. The main objective of this letter is to propose a novel method for the realization of gap waveguides (GWGs) that take advantage of conventional PCB fabrication technology, thus are low cost and light weight. Moreover, by avoiding dielectric loss and minimizing conductive loss, the proposed GWGs benefit from a very low loss. To highlight potential applications, a high-performance slot-array antenna based on the proposed GWG is presented.

  • Planning Around Polarisation: Components of Finding Common Ground Based on Regeneration Projects in London and Gdańsk
    • Piotr Lorens
    • Agnieszka Zimnicka
    2023 Full text Urban Planning

    Various forms of public participation in urban design and planning—as presented and discussed in literature—have recently been challenged by the needs and expectations of different stakeholders, including those coming from the private sector. This comes with a redefinition of the public good and the roles and responsibilities of municipal authorities in post‐liberal times. As a result, contemporary participatory processes need to evolve to accommodate not only the wishes and ideas of the local communities, but also those of institutional stakeholders including investors, developers and land owners. This is also accompanied by the demands, expressed by all partners in this process, associated with having a much stronger influence on the final shape of the development policies and planning regulations. The gradual democratisation of spatial planning results in more engagement of stakeholders in the process. The article focuses on the co‐design method as a way to bridge the polarisation of interests and find a consensus. The article focuses on identifying co‐design components lead‐ ing to the successful bridging of divisions and the realisation of large‐scale regeneration initiatives that could be replicated. The authors have selected examples of large‐scale regeneration areas in London and Gdańsk for a qualitative assessment, given the growing polarisation in both Polish and British societies. The discussion will focus on aspects of inclusivity, partnership working in co‐design and political risks associated with co‐design

  • Platelet RNA Sequencing Data Through the Lens of Machine Learning
    • Sebastian Cygert
    • Krzysztof Pastuszak
    • Franciszek Górski
    • Michał Sieczczyński
    • Piotr Juszczyk
    • Antoni Rutkowski
    • Sebastian Lewalski
    • Robert Różański
    • Maksym Albin Jopek
    • Jacek Jassem
    • Andrzej Czyżewski
    • Thomas Wurdinger
    • Myron G Best
    • Anna Żaczek
    • Anna Supernat
    2023 Full text Cancers

    Liquid biopsies offer minimally invasive diagnosis and monitoring of cancer disease. This biosource is often analyzed using sequencing, which generates highly complex data that can be used using machine learning tools. Nevertheless, validating the clinical applications of such methods is challenging. It requires: (a) using data from many patients; (b) verifying potential bias concerning sample collection; and (c) adding interpretability to the model. In this work, we have used RNA sequencing data of tumor-educated platelets (TEPs) and performed a binary classification (cancer vs. no-cancer). First, we compiled a large-scale dataset with more than a thousand donors. Further, we used different convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and boosting methods to evaluate the classifier performance. We have obtained an impressive result of 0.96 area under the curve. We then identified different clusters of splice variants using expert knowledge from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG). Employing boosting algorithms, we identified the features with the highest predictive power. Finally, we tested the robustness of the models using test data from novel hospitals. Notably, we did not observe any decrease in model performance. Our work proves the great potential of using TEP data for cancer patient classification and opens the avenue for profound cancer diagnostics.

  • Pluralist View on Inequality from Luxemburg Income Study (LIS)
    • Daniele Checchi
    • Piotr Paradowski
    2023

    The authors start by reviewing the history of the Luxembourg Income Study (LIS), originating from an interdisciplinary project involving economists, sociologists, and political scientists, centered on the cross-country perspective in inequality analysis. They then conduct a meta-analysis of the papers produced by scholars who have taken advantage of the data availability, showing how the theme of income/wealth inequality has been differently addressed in the research conducted thank to free availability of LIS data. The analysis is based on 268 LIS/LWS working papers produced since 2013 by LIS data users. Inequality analysis, an elusive and multidimensional concept, cannot become prerogative of a specific discipline or school of thought, favoring a pluralist approach to the topic. As a consequence, we present how four academic communities (economists, sociologists, social policy, and political scientists) adopt different methodological perspectives in terms of unit of analysis (the individual, the household, or the community), heterogeneity (by gender, age, race, education), outcomes (income, wealth, consumption, education, employment, and work hours, fertility), institutional framework (household, local labor markets, nations) and methodological approach (poverty, inequality, income shares).

  • Pływające wyspy hydrofitowe jako rozwiązanie problemów eutrofizacji wód – koncepcja metody, zastosowanie i wybrane zagadnienia projektowe
    • Nicole Nawrot
    • Natalia Janowicz
    • Ewa Wojciechowska
    2023 Full text Instal

    Pływające wyspy hydrofitowe są coraz częściej spotykanym elementem krajobrazu – szczególnie na otwartych akwenach miejskich. Posiadają walory estetyczne, są rozwiązaniami opartymi na naturze, poprawiają mikroklimat, a przede wszystkim pełnią funkcję oczyszczającą. Do tej pory jednak nie udało się precyzyjnie sklasyfikować rozwiązań pływających wysp hydrofitowych (z ang. floating treatment islands) w nomenklaturze polskiej. Brakuje również specyficznych wytycznych do ich projektowania. W niniejszym artykule podjęto się wyjaśnienia idei metody, klasyfikacji systemu pływających wysp hydrofitowych, omówiono podstawowe mechanizmy usuwania zanieczyszczeń oraz wybrane zagadnienia projektowe. Praca powstała w wyniku realizacji projektu Preludium 18 [2019/35/N/ST8/01134].

  • POLAND’S ENERGY DEPENDENCE AT THE TURN OF THE 21ST CENTURY
    • Krystyna Gomółka
    • Piotr Kasprzak
    2023 Full text Ekonomia i Środowisko

    The following article is an attempt to assess Poland's energy independence in the years 1993-2020. The main aim of the paper is to present Poland's dependence on raw materials from foreign partners - in the field of imports of electricity, natural gas, crude oil, non-renewable energy resources, i.e., hard coal and lignite, and the country's dynamics in the amount of imports. In addition, the aim of the work is to answer research questions pertaining to the level of Poland's energy dependence on foreign sources, countries from which Poland imported energy or energy resources, the structure of imports, as well as the country's energy balance in the period under study. The research methods used in the paper include a descriptive research method, an analysis of Eurostat data as well as the literature review in the field of the subject study. The main results posit that, in the analyzed period, Poland was highly dependent on foreign energy sources, especially in the field of gas and crude oil. What is more, between 1993- 2020, a growing diversification of energy resources sources was noted.

  • Polaronic and Mott insulating phase of layered magnetic vanadium trihalide VCl3
    • Dario Mastrippolito
    • Luigi Camerano
    • Hanna Świątek
    • Břetislav Šmíd
    • Tomasz Klimczuk
    • Luca Ottaviano
    • Gianni Profeta
    2023 Full text PHYSICAL REVIEW B

    Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic 3d-transition metal trihalides are a new class of functional materials showing exotic physical properties useful for spintronic and memory storage applications. In this article, we report the synthesis and electromagnetic characterization of single-crystalline vanadium trichloride, VCl 3 , a novel 2D layered vdW Mott insulator, which has a rhombohedral structure (R3, No. 148) at room temperature. VCl 3 undergoes a structural phase transition at 103 K and a subsequent antiferromagnetic transition at 21.8 K. Combining core levels and valence bands x-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) with first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we demonstrate the Mott Hubbard insulating nature of VCl 3 and the existence of electron small 2D magnetic polarons localized on V atom sites by V-Cl bond relaxation. The polarons strongly affect the electromagnetic properties of VCl 3 promoting the occupation of dispersion-less spin-polarized V-3d a1g states and band inversion with e′ g states. Within the polaronic scenario, it is possible to reconcile different experimental evidences on vanadium trihalides, suggesting that also VI 3 hosts polarons. Our results highlight the complex physical behavior of this class of crystals determined by charge trapping, lattice distortions, correlation effects, mixed valence states, and magnetic states.

  • Polskie górnictwo i hutnictwo miedzi w sztuce medalierskiej
    • Dariusz Świsulski
    2023 Wiadomości Elektrotechniczne

    Polska jest jednym z największych producentów miedzi na świecie. W artykule przypomniano historię górnictwa miedzi od najdawniejszych lat przez odkrycie złóż miedzi przez Jana Wyżykowskiego do czasów współczesnych. Obecnie górnictwem i hutnictwem miedzi zajmuje się wiele przedsiębiorstw w ramach KGHM Polska Miedź. Ich opis zilustrowano zdjęciami: medali, plakiet i statuetek, które znajdują się w zbiorach autora.

  • Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) determination in disposable baby diapers with the application of natural deep eutectic solvent
    • Aneta Chabowska
    • José Grau
    • Magdalena Fabjanowicz
    • Patrycja Makoś-Chełstowska
    • Patrycja Janicka
    • Natalia Jatkowska
    • Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
    2023 MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL

    In this work a new method involving solvent extraction of porous membrane-packed solid samples (SE-PMSS) coupled to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS) has been developed for the determination of six polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and five polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxines (PCDDs) in disposable baby diapers. In that aim, a terpenoid-based natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) composed of carvone and camphor in a 1:1 M ratio was used. The extraction process consisted on a first sealing step of the homogenized whole diaper inside a polypropylene bag. The bag was then immersed in a proper amount of NADES and agitated. After that, measurements were carried out injecting the NADES with the extracted analytes directly into the GC–MS system. Previously, a design of experiment was performed employing a Box Behnken design (BBD) to calculate the optimum variables of the extraction process. With the optimum values, the method was validated obtaining good analytical features such as low limits of detection (0.065–0.60 μg/g) and limits of quantification (0.22–2.0 μg/g). Relative recoveries ranging between 84 and 114 % and relative standard deviations under 15 % for all the analytes. Finally, the green character of this method was evaluated employing the tools complementary green analytical procedure index (ComplexGAPI) and analytical greenness metric for sample preparation (AGREEprep).

  • Polymers for burn dressings and skin substitutes
    • Przemysław Gnatowski
    • Karolina Gwizdała
    • Edyta Piłat
    • Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
    2023

    Skin burns belong to the group of the most complex injuries due to convoluted skin structure which includes nerve cells, muscles, sweat and sebaceous glands and blood vessels. Both on the market and at the research stage, there are many different dressing and skin substitutes proposals that utilize various materials and active substances. This chapter focuses on summarizing and describing the most popular polymer-based commercial products currently in use and the main lines of research for skin burn treatments. The most common materials used in commercial products are collagen, fibroblasts, polyurethanes and various hydrogels. In current research there is more emphasis placed on modifying materials with synthetic active substances, nanoparticles and incorporation of well-known natural materials such as curcumin, chitosan or propolis. Despite the great achievements in the field of burn treatment, the developed solutions are not perfect. In the case of advanced commercial products containing human cells, a great barrier to widespread application is their high price, and simpler solutions are still insufficiently effective. In short time there is a perspective of the introduction to the market of products with high efficiency and moderate price, modified with nanoparticles and substances of natural origin. Some of those materials are currently undergoing clinical trials and FDA approval process.

  • Polynomial analysis as a new way of describing dynamic impedance spectra – Differential and relative impedance spectra
    • Kazimierz Darowicki
    • Szymon Wysmułek
    • Anna Karólkowska
    2023 Full text ELECTROCHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS

    Model measurements of an equivalent electrical system were carried out using the technique of Dynamic Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. The measurement took the form of potentiodynamic changes imposed on the tested system. Using the possibility of continuous impedance measurements, an attempt was made to develop an original and innovative method of analyzing impedance spectrograms, which is termed polynomial analysis. As a result of this approach, it is possible to generate two novel impedance spectra from the primary impedance spectrogram. The innovation lies in the use of simple polynomials to describe a set of spectra, and then performing differential and division operations, which result in differential- and relative-impedance spectra. Among other things, differential spectra have the ability to track the rate of change in impedance as a function of an independent variable. By contrast, relative impedance spectra eliminate surface influence, which opens the way to the direct comparison of physicochemical processes and more.

  • Polysaccharides-Based Hybrid Materials for Bio- and Non-Bio Sectors. Edytorial
    • Muhammad Bilal
    2023 Full text STARCH-STARKE

    This special edition spotlights the recent research in the design, development, and emerging applications of polysaccharides-based hybrid materials for biotechnological and biomedical purposes. All the articles published in this issue underscore the significance of materials derived from cellulose, alginate, chitosan, starch, and carrageenan for various applications, including enzyme production, encapsulation, targeted drug delivery, controlled drug release, tissue engineering, cosmeceutical formulations, food packaging, and water/wastewater treatment. On behalf of the editorial board, I would like to extend sincere gratitude to all the authors who have made significant contributions to this special issue. The Starch journal is committed to advancing our understanding of polysaccharides-based hybrid materials in biotechnology.

  • Polyurethane-wood composites (PU-WC) as a method of wood waste management
    • Adam Olszewski
    • Paulina Kosmela
    • Łukasz Piszczyk
    2023

    In recent years, due to the progressive environmental degradation and increase of environmental awareness, the sustainability of production systems in wood processing, the wood industry, and wood waste management is a crucial issue for European industry and society. Consequently, the problem of generating wood-like waste and the associated risks has become an increasingly noticeable challenge for science. Although various methods of wood waste management have been developed, managing of post-industrial and post-consumer waste remains one of the most vital and challenging problems. The lack of an effective wood waste management system, particularly for post-consumer waste, leads to the implementation of low-quality solutions such as incineration or landfilling of valuable products that could be recycled and re-used. According to the EU Directive 2018/851, reuse and recycling of wastes are more preferred than energy recovery or landfilling. It is important to note that energy recovery and landfilling of waste are rather forms of material disposal and not recycling methods. Therefore, there is an urgent demand for innovative technologies that enable the efficient processing of wooden waste into valuable products. In this work we developed a new type of polyurethane wood-composite (PU-WC) by the utilization of large amount of wood wastes with properties comparable to MDF boards during simple production process.

  • Pomiar impedancji pętli zwarciowej w obwodach z wyłącznikami różnicowoprądowymi selektywnymi
    • Kornel Borowski
    • Stanisław Czapp
    2023 Full text Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    Pomiar impedancji pętli zwarciowej w obwodach z wyłącznikami różnicowoprądowymi bezzwłocznymi jest kłopotliwy, ponieważ przy stosowaniu typowych mierników o prądzie pomiarowym rzędu 10-20 A zwykle następują zbędne zadziałania tych zabezpieczeń. W przypadku obwodów z wyłącznikami różnicowoprądowymi selektywnymi jest inaczej. W artykule wykazano, że pomiar ten można wykonać nawet miernikiem wielkoprądowym wymuszającym prąd o wartości szczytowej około 200 A. Przedstawiono przykładowe oscylogramy prądu pomiarowego oraz wyniki badań reakcji wyłączników różnicowoprądowych na pomiar impedancji pętli zwarciowej.

  • Porównanie obciążenia wiatrem wyznaczonego na podstawie procedur normowych z wynikami symulacji w cyfrowym tunelu aerodynamicznym dla hali stalowej.
    • Wojciech Migda
    • Małgorzata Gordziej-Zagórowska
    • Patryk Deniziak
    • Wioletta Leszczyńska
    2023 Full text Builder

    W niniejszych badaniach porównano obciążenia od wiatru wyznaczonego metodą normową oraz w cyfrowym tunelu aerodynamicznym. Analizom poddano typowy budynek hali na planie prostokąta z dwuspadowym dachem w czterech wariantach geometrycznych. W pierwszym etapie budynki zwymiarowano bazując na obciążeniach od wiatru wyznaczonych według Eurokodu. Następnie dla poszczególnych elementów konstrukcyjnych określono poziom wytężenia. Dla tak zaprojektowanych budynków halowych, w kolejnym kroku, przeprowadzono analizy w cyfrowym tunelu aerodynamicznym, który pozwolił na wyznaczenie obciążeń od wiatru. Zauważono wyraźną tendencję: konstrukcja obciążona w cyfrowym tunelu aerodynamicznym wpływa na mniejsze wytężenia przekrojów oraz mniejsze wartości przemieszczeń. Należy pamiętać jednak, że analiza konstrukcji w cyfrowym tunelu aerodynamicznym wymaga od projektanta wiedzy, doświadczenia i kontroli otrzymywanych wyników.

  • PORÓWNANIE ZASTOSOWANIA ZAAWANSOWANEJ TECHNOLOGII WYTWARZANIA KOMPOZYTÓW Z WŁÓKNA WĘGLOWEGO PREPREG I TECHNOLOGII INFUZJI NA MASĘ ELEMENTÓW ORAZ MOŻLIWOŚCI PRODUKCYJNE
    • Katarzyna Mikucka
    • Igor Eliasz
    • Mateusz Czerwiński
    2023

    Kompozyty z włókna węglowego odgrywają kluczową rolę w wielu gałęziach przemysłu, w tym w motorsporcie, gdzie często stanowią podstawowy element konstrukcji pojazdów. Pozwalają one na osiągnięcie unikalnych właściwości, które są niemożliwe do uzyskania przy użyciu innych materiałów, dzięki możliwości dostosowania wytrzymałości w każdej osi do przewidywanych naprężeń. Technologia wytwarzania kompozytów jest kluczowym czynnikiem wpływającym na te właściwości. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań próbek wykonanych z preimpregnatów węglowych oraz włókien węglowych nasycanych żywicą metodą infuzji. Porównano właściwości wytrzymałościowe, masę elementów oraz możliwości produkcyjne obu metod. Badania pozwoliły na identyfikację głównych zalet i wad obu technologii, biorąc pod uwagę koszt materiałów i produkcji, prostotę wykonania oraz czas i wysiłek potrzebny do wykonania próbki przy użyciu danej techniki. Próbki były identyczne pod względem układu tkanin węglowych o tej samej gramaturze. Wyniki badań umożliwiają ocenę potencjału metod w kontekście produkcji pojazdów klasy Formula Student.

  • Posadowienie obiektów infrastruktury drogowej w złożonych warunkach geotechnicznych
    • Remigiusz Duszyński
    • Katarzyna Zamara
    2023 Magazyn Autostrady

    Coraz częściej projektowanie geotechniczne związane jest z posadowieniem obiektów na obszarach występowania złożonych a nawet skomplikowanych warunków geotechnicznych. Wyzwania jakim musi sprostać projektant to zarówno wymagania odnośnie bezpieczeństwa i trwałości wznoszonej konstrukcji, ale równie istotne staje się ograniczanie kosztów, czasu realizacji oraz śladu węglowego. Pośród technologii które wykorzystane są w takich projektach znajdują się gównie fundamenty pośrednie, dla których interesującą alternatywą jest wykorzystanie materacy geokomórkowych Stratum.

  • Position and Orientation Estimation in Radio Network With Groups of Locally Synchronized Nodes
    • Jarosław Sadowski
    • Jacek Stefański
    2023 Full text IEEE Access

    This article presents a positioning system with groups of locally synchronized nodes. A mobile object is equipped with a group of several synchronized receivers that are able to measure the difference in the time of arrival of signals from reference transmitters. The reference transmitters are synchronized only in local groups, with no global synchronization between groups. It is assumed that the synchronous operation of transmitters and receivers in groups does not allow for the phase-coherent emission and reception of signals, making beamforming and angle of arrival estimation impossible. The structure of the positioning system and the equations for estimating the position and orientation angle are presented, along with the Gauss-Newton algorithm for iteratively estimating the coordinates and orientation of the mobile object. The possible accuracy of the proposed solution is evaluated using dilution of precision and the Cramer-Rao lower bound. The analysis showed that although the quality of the position estimation in the proposed solution is highly dependent on the mutual location of the reference transmitters and the mobile object, the orientation angle can be estimated highly accurately, almost regardless of the mobile object location.

  • Postbiotics in oncology: science or science fiction?
    • Anna Kudra
    • Karolina Kaźmierczak-Siedlecka
    • Bartosz Kamil Sobocki
    • Damian Muszyński
    • Joanna Polom
    • Ludovico Carbone
    • Luigi Marano
    • Franco Roviello
    • Leszek Kalinowski
    • Ewa Stachowska
    2023 Full text Frontiers in Microbiology

    The gut microbiome has been increasingly understood to play a critical role in carcinogenesis and cancer disease progression. The most recent research advancements have shown that different tools of microbiota manipulation contribute to gut microbiome–immune–oncology axis modulation, offering exciting opportunities for targeted interventions aimed at improving the efficacy of established anti-cancer therapy. Postbiotics are a new entry among the biotics showing beneficial effects on human health while not requiring living cells to obtain the health effect and therefore not subjected to food safety rules for live microorganisms. Postbiotics are recently defined as the “preparation of inanimate microorganisms and/or their components that confers a health benefit on the host” and have gradually become the focus of the scientific community. Since the beginning of research on this topic, numerous studies about postbiotics have been proven to strengthen the gut barrier, reduce inflammation, and promote antimicrobial activity. However, research on the potential application of cancer therapy is still at the early stages of its efforts to uncover all the secrets surrounding postbiotics. This review aims to increase our understanding of the anti-cancer effect of postbiotics throughout a “bibliographic journey” on the biological activity of their components, including exopolysaccharides, cell wall fragments, tryptophan metabolites, enzymes, bacterial lysates, extracellular vesicles, and short-chain fatty acids, highlighting their perspective as a new supportive therapeutic method of treatment and identifying the literature gaps where further research is needed.

  • Post-Chromatographic Derivatization Coupled with Mass Spectrometry as a Method of Profiling and Identification of Antioxidants; Ligustrum vulgare Phytocomplex as an Example
    • Szymon Litewski
    • Marika Mróz
    • Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
    • Barbara Kusznierewicz
    2023 Full text MOLECULES

    High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) coupled with radical scavenging assays, such as 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) can be both used for the detection of the antioxidants in plant extracts. In this study, the ethanolic (70% v/v) extracts from different morphological parts of Ligustrum vulgare collected at different stages of maturity were used as the source of antioxidants. The final identification of antioxidants was performed using high-resolution mass spectroscopy (HRMS). As a result, 19 compounds with antioxidant properties detected with HPLC-ABTS assay and 10 compounds detected with HPTLC-DPPH/ABTS assay were identified, mostly from the group of iridoids, phenylethanoids, and flavonoids. When comparing different L. vulgare samples, it was found that the extracts obtained from leaves contained the greatest number of antioxidants. The results of this study suggest that HPTLC-DPPH/ABTS as well as HPLC-ABTS derivatization coupled with the HRMS can be successfully used for profiling and identification of antioxidants from natural sources. Planar chromatography is more suitable for screening multiple samples because of its simplicity, whereas more challenging liquid chromatography provides more detailed information and is therefore better for a selected set of samples.

  • Post‐Second World War Reconstruction of Polish Cities: The Interplay Between Politics and Paradigms
    • Piotr Lorens
    • Łukasz Bugalski
    2023 Full text Urban Planning

    By the end of the Second World War, many of the Polish cities—and especially their historic centres—were in ruins. This was caused by both bombings and sieges conducted by the Nazis and Soviets. The particular group of cities is associated with former German lands—now called the “Recovered Territories”—which were incorporated into the borders of Poland as compensation for its Eastern Borderlands lost to the Soviet Union. These cities started to be gradually rebuilt after the end of the war, although one can distinguish certain stages and types of interventions, varying from the restoration and idealisation of the pre‐war townscapes (so‐called “Polish School of Conservation,” which was developed along principles contradictory to the urban conservation theories of these times) to late modern as well as postmodern (called the “retroversion”) principles. This process is ongoing, meaning the reconstruction of the historic cities is not yet completed. At the same time, these processes were embedded within the changing political perspectives—varying from “restoration of destroyed heritage” through “providing modern living environments” up to the “theming urban spaces.” In some cities, various stages and approaches overlapped, creating unique palimpsests. The article focuses not only on the evolution of both politics and design paradigms but mostly on the interplay between them and, as a result, on the doctrine’s evolution. Consequently, these considerations allow presenting the similarities and differences in the evolution of the reconstruction of Polish cities to the cases known from Western Europe and provide the framework for understanding the contemporary urban design paradigms of Central and Eastern Europe.

  • Poszukiwanie układów obiektów architektonicznych zgodnych z uwarunkowaniami przyrodniczymi Pojezierza Kaszubskiego. Studium autorskie
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    2023 Full text Rozwój Regionalny i Polityka Regionalna

    Studium docelowych form zamieszkiwania oparto o obserwacje przyrodnicze i próbę ich kulturowej transpozycji poprzez działania artystyczne. Metaforyczne wyobrażenia form zamieszkiwania prezentowane w wielu wariantach ukazują jej adaptowalność do różnorodnych, unikalnych uwarunkowań przyrodniczych. Kontekst stanowi zarówno inspirację jak i zadanie problemowe, na które odpowiedzią jest konkretna forma układu, spasowana do swojego otoczenia i odpowiadająca zastanej sytuacji przestrzennej. Poszczególne realizacje, stanowiące de facto prace autonomiczne, są jednocześnie fragmentami procesu poszukiwania układów obiektów architektonicznych dopasowanych do miejsca. Małoskalowe gliniane rzeźby lokowane w kontekście krajobrazu naturalnego regionu kaszubskiego zwracają uwagę na sam początek poszukiwań formy oraz sposobu jej sytuowania w przestrzeni. Wykonywane cyklicznie od 2016 roku prace poddano wstępnej klasyfikacji systematyzującej osiągnięte efekty i ułatwiającej pracę porównawczą w obrębie wyłanianych grup rozwiązań. Najlepiej obrazujący zagadnienie wydaje się podział tematyczny oparty o wątki problemowe sytuacji terenowych, w których aranżowano autorski układ elementów. Tezą jest przeświadczenie o celowości inspirowania się uwarunkowaniami przyrodniczymi w działaniach artystycznych przy formułowaniu wytycznych projektowych. Celem projektu jest odnalezienie regionalnych uwarunkowań przyrodniczych Pojezierza Kaszubskiego adaptowalnych w tworzeniu rozwiązań urbanistycznych. Charakterystyczna zabudowa wsi kaszubskiej o wielowiekowej historii jest wartością regionalną, ale nie stanowi jedynego wzorca dla współczesnych interwencji architektonicznych w krajobrazie. Być może trop bioniczny mógłby stanowić rozwiązanie alternatywne, będąc szczególnym remedium na niedobory współczesnych form zamieszkiwania (zarówno obiektów architektonicznych jak też ich urbanistycznych relacji). Badanie osiągniętych efektów twórczych może kierunkować poszukiwania rozwiązań i formuł nieoczywistych w zakresie projektowania.