2014 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2014

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Tools for road infrastructure safety management – Polish experiences
- Kazimierz Jamroz
- Marcin Budzyński
- Wojciech Kustra
- Lech Michalski
- Stanisław Gaca
2014 Transportation Research Procedia
The objective of road safety infrastructure management is to ensure that when roads are planned, designed, built and used road risks can be systematically identified, assessed, removed and mitigated. There are a number of approaches to road safety management. European Union Directive 2008/96/EC requires EU member states to use four basic tools of road safety infrastructure management. An overview of the methods in these countries shows a variety of approaches to how these tools are used in practice. The paper presents a systematics of these tools and a concept of how they could be developed in Poland. It looks at the life cycle of a road structure and the requirements of risk management processes. The paper focuses on elements of scientific support to help build the necessary tools. To help with assessing the impact of a road project on the safety of related roads, a method was developed for long-term forecasts of accidents and accident victims and accident cost estimation as well as a risk classification to identify risks that are not acceptable risks. With regard to road safety audits and road safety inspection, a set of principles was developed to identify risks and the basic classification of errors and omissions. In the case of road network safety management, measures of individual and societal risk were selected. A method for classifying dangerous road sections was developed as well. An estimation is given of the consequences and effects of applying the tools of road safety management on the network of national roads in Poland until 2020. 17th Meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation, EWGT2014, 2-4 July 2014, Sevilla, Spain.
Tools, Methods and Services Enhancing the Usage of the Kepler-based Scientific Workflow Framework
- Marcin Płóciennik
- Szymon Winczewski
- Paweł Ciecieląg
- Frederic Imbeaux
- Bernard Guillerminet
- Philippe Huynh
- Michał Owsiak
- Piotr Spyra
- Thierry Aniel
- Bartek Palak
- Tomasz Żok
- Wojciech Pych
- Jarosław Rybicki
2014 Full text Procedia Computer Science
Scientific workflow systems are designed to compose and execute either a series of computational or data manipulation steps, or workflows in a scientific application. They are usually a part of a larger eScience environment. The usage of workflow systems, however very beneficial, is mostly not irrelevant for scientists. There are many requirements for additional functionalities around scientific workflows systems that need to be taken into account, like the ability of sharing workflows, provision of the user-friendly GUI tools for automation of some tasks or submission to distributed computing infrastructures, etc. In this paper we present tools developed in response to the requirements of three different scientific communities. These tools simplify and empower their work with the Kepler scientific workflow system. The usage of such tools and services is presented on Nanotechnology, Astronomy and Fusion scenarios examples.
Topological behavior mimicking ethylene–hexene copolymers using branched lactones and macrolactones
- Lidia Jasińska-Walc
- Michael Ryan Hansen
- Dmytro Dudenko
- Artur Różański
- Miloud Bouyahyi
- Manfred Wagner
- Robert Graf
- Robbert Duchateau
2014 Polymer Chemistry
Polyolefins are of paramount importance in the world of polymers due to their technological and economic potential.1 However, their nonpolar character significantly restricts the compatibility and adhesion properties, which consequently limits their versatility. Moreover, an intensified demand for materials from renewable resources can also become a problematic venture for the current polyolefin industry.2 Although Braskem and DOW presented an innovative and economically viable approach towards biomass-based ethylene produced via dehydration of bio-ethanol prepared from sugar cane, the relatively low scale of the process by far does not cover the worldwide demand for this monomer.3 Therefore, one class of interesting additions to petrochemical polyolefins is polymers with polyolefin-like properties based on renewable monomers. Two types of renewable polymers have been reported to have polyolefin-like properties viz. polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) resembling those of isotactic polypropylene and linear fatty acid-based polyesters, which have been reported to resemble high density polyethylene.4 It is well-known that these polyesters can be produced via enzymatic5 or catalytic6 ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic esters. This concept can be successfully extended to a large variety of functionalized or branched lactones. For example, it is anticipated that copolymerization of macrolactones with branched lactones produces linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE)-like materials. Although enzymes are highly active and selective, the enzymatic ROP leads to products with limited control over the copolymers' microstructure.7 Alternatively, various organic or metal-based ROP catalysts are known to provide excellent control over the polymer molecular weight, stereo-regularity, copolymer-microstructure and properties of ring-strained lactones.8 Hitherto, there are only a few catalytic systems known that are capable of polymerizing macrolactones to high molecular weight products in a controlled way.6a,9 In search for highly efficient living or immortal catalysts, a Zn complex containing a tridentate phenoxy-imine ligand was selected (Fig. 1). This type of catalyst showed excellent performance, demonstrating quasi-living behavior, in ROP of e.g. cyclic carbonates and lactide,10 and was therefore expected to be a suitable candidate for forming high molecular weight homo- and co-polymers of all types of cyclic monomers including macrolactones.
TOTAL CROSS SECTIONS FOR ELECTRON SCATTERING FROM SELECTED HYDROCARBONS: THE SUBSTITUTIONAL AND ADDITIVITY EFFECTS
- Paweł Możejko
- Czesław Szmytkowski
- Mateusz Zawadzki
- Elżbieta Ptasińska-Denga
2014
Total cross sections (TCS) for electron scattering from selected alkyne molecules, ethylene and its derivatives are compared. All cross sections have been measured in a wide energy range, from about 1 eV up to 370 eV, with the same electrostatic electron spectrometer. The substitutional and additivity effects are indicated and discussed.
Towards Cognitive and Perceptive Video Systems
- Toygar Akgun
- Charles Attwood
- Andrea Cavallaro
- Christian Fabre
- Fabio Poiesi
- Piotr Szczuko
2014
In this chapter we cover research and development issues related to smart cameras. We discuss challenges, new technologies and algorithms, applications and the evaluation of today’s technologies. We will cover problems related to software, hardware, communication, embedded and distributed systems, multi-modal sensors, privacy and security. We also discuss future trends and market expectations from the customer’s point of view.
Towards Facts Extraction From Texts in Polish Language
- Tomasz Maria Boiński
- Adam Brzeski
2014 Full text International Journal of Innovative Research in Computer and Communication Engineering
The Polish language differs from English in many ways. It has more complicated conjugation and declination. Because of that automatic facts extraction from texts is difficult. In this paper we present basic differences between those languages. The paper presents an algorithm for extraction of facts from articles from Polish Wikipedia. The algorithm is based on 7 proposed facts schemes that are searched for in the analyzed text. The analysis includes morphosyntactic tagging, named entity extraction and relation identification. The results acquired for an exemplary Wikipedia text is presented. We indicate the free word formation principle as the main difficulty in the Polish texts analysis. At the same time satisfactory performance of the tagging and analysis tools for the Polish language was confirmed in the conducted experiment.
Towards Increasing Density of Relations in Category Graphs
- Karol Draszawka
- Julian Szymański
- Henryk Krawczyk
2014
In the chapter we propose methods for identifying new associations between Wikipedia categories. The first method is based on Bag-of-Words (BOW) representation of Wikipedia articles. Using similarity of the articles belonging to different categories allows to calculate the information about categories similarity. The second method is based on average scores given to categories while categorizing documents by our dedicated score-based classifier. As a result of application of presented methods we obtain weighed category graphs that allow to extend original relations between Wikipedia categories. We propose the method for selecting the weight value for cutting off less important relations. The given preliminary examination of the quality of obtained new relations supports our procedure.
Towards systemic functional safety and security management in hazardous plants
- Kazimierz Kosmowski
2014 Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association, Summer Safety and Reliability Seminars
The aim of this article is to identify and discuss some issues related to functional safety and security management in hazardous industrial plants. The safety functions are to be realised using the electric / electronic / programmable electronic systems (E/E/PESs) or the safety instrumented systems (SISs) that are designed and operated respectively according to IEC 61508 and IEC 61511 requirements in life cycle. Although the role of functional safety solutions in effective reducing and controlling the individual and/or societal risks has been widely recognised, the substantial problems emerge when E/E/PEs or SISs operate in industrial distributed computer networks. Thus, the security-related problems appear that can introduce some additional risks. An integrated systemic functional safety and security concept is proposed, which includes general requirements as well as appropriate using specified methods and international standards.
Toxicity and chemical analyses of airport runoff waters in Poland
- Anna Sulej-Suchomska
- Żaneta Polkowska
- Lidia Wolska
- Monika Cieszyńska
- Jacek Namieśnik
2014 Full text JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING
The aim of this study was to assess the ecotoxicological effects of various compounds in complex airport effluents using a chemical and ecotoxicological integrated strategy. The present work deals with the determination of sum of PCBs, PAHs, pesticides, cations, anions, phenols, anionic, cationic, non-ionic detergents, formaldehyde and metals – as well as TOC and conductivity – in runoff water samples collected from 2009 to 2011 at several locations on two Polish international airports. Two microbiotests (Vibrio fischeri bacteria and the crustacean Thamnocephalus platyurus) have been used to determine the ecotoxicity of airport runoff waters. The levels of many compounds exceeded several or even several tens of times the maximum permissible levels. Analysis of the obtained data shows that samples that displayed maximum toxicity towards the bioindicators Vibrio fischeri were not toxic towards Thamnocephalus platyurus. Levels of toxicity towards T. platyurus are strongly correlated with pollutants that originate from the technological operations related to the maintenance of airport infrastructure. The integrated (chemical–ecotoxicological) approach to environmental contamination assessment in and around airports yields extensive information on the quality of the environment. These methodologies can be then used as tools for tracking the environmental fate of these compounds and for assessing the environmental effect of airports. Subsequently, these data will provide a basis for airport infrastructure management.
TRAFFIC MODEL OF A MULTIDOMAIN IMS/NGN
- Sylwester Kaczmarek
- Maciej Sac
2014 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne
In this paper we continue our research and present an analytical traffic model of a multidomain Next Generation Network (NGN), which is standardized for delivering multimedia services based on the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). The model takes into account several service scenarios (including registration, intra- and inter-operator calls) and a large set of network parameters. Using the model mean Call Set-up Delay and mean Call Disengagement Delay (standardized call processing performance parameters) investigations are performed.
Traffic-induced vibrations. The impact on buildings and people
- Anna Jakubczyk-Gałczyńska
- Robert Jankowski
2014
Traffic-induced vibrations have recently been of major concern to engineers as one of the aspects of so called physical environmental pollution. The interest is related to the observations of serious negative effects of such kind of vibrations on buildings and their inhabitants. Traffic-induced vibrations may cause plaster cracks, structural damage and even failure and collapse of the structure. They may also be the reason of serious complaints from people living inside buildings which experience vibrations. The aim of the present paper is to analyze the example of the family house located near a major road with heavy traffic. First, the details concerning the measuring procedure according to Polish standards have been described. Then, the results of the measurements conducted on site have been shown and the impact of traffic-induced vibrations on the structure has been analyses and discussed.
Training Services in Small and Medium-sized Enterprises: Evidence from Poland
- Krzysztof Zięba
- Małgorzata Zięba
2014 Social Sciences/ Socialiniai Mokslai
In the knowledge-based economy knowledge and skills are becoming more and more significant for the success of companies. This applies also to firms from small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) sector. As large companies in many cases posses special divisions devoted to trainings, they normally have no problems with updating the knowledge and skills of their employees. The situation is different with regard to SMEs, which often have no resources and abilities to train their employees. In the article, the following aspects are examined: 1.What are the differences in demand for training services among firms from the SMEs sector and larger companies? 2. What are the determinants of making the decision about using particular training company and training topic? This paper analyses the characteristics of using training services by SMEs from the Pomeranian region of Poland and compares the results with those for larger companies.
Tramwaje niskopodłogowe. Geneza, konstrukcje
- Jacek Szmagliński
2014 INFRASTRUKTURA TRANSPORTU
W artykule opisano zmiany jakie zachodziły w budowie tramwajów na przestrzeni ponad stu lat. Skupiono się na najważniejszych schematach budowy wagonów. Opisano rozwój konstrukcji wózków tramwajowych. Krótko scharakteryzowano wady i zalety pojazdów.
Tramwaje niskopodłogowe w Polsce
- Jacek Szmagliński
2014 INFRASTRUKTURA TRANSPORTU
W pracy przedstawiono proces rozwoju floty nowoczesnych, niskopodłogowych tramwajów, użytkowanych przez polskich przewoźników miejskich. Wskazano najczęściej wykorzystywane w kraju schematy konstrukcyjne oraz producentów pojazdów.
TRANSFORMACJA INSTYTUCJONALNA SEKTORA BANKOWEGO W CHORWACJI I SERBII
- Katarzyna Kubiszewska
2014
Transformacja ustrojowa jest nie tylko bardzo trudnym procesem z punktu widzenia ekonomicznego, społecznego, jak i politycznego, jak również przysparza problemów w czasie dokonywanych zmian na konkretnych rynkach i w wielu sektorach gospodarczych. Jednym z takich przykładów jest sektor bankowy, którego transformacja składa się z istotnych elementów: prywatyzacji, tworzenia nowych regulacji prawnych, jak również powołania do istnienia instytucji, których celem jest stabilizowanie rynku oraz wspieranie rodzącej się konkurencji rynkowej. Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie głównych instytucji gwarantujących funkcjonowanie sektora bankowego na zasadach rynkowych, oraz zaprezentowanie rozwiązań przyjętych w wybranych krajach Europy Bałkańskiej, tj. Chorwacji i Serbii. W czasie przygotowywania tego materiału posłużono się analizą literatury, polskiej i zagranicznej, jak również przeglądem dokumentów oraz raportów odnoszących się do konkretnych instytucji w Chorwacji i Serbii.
Transforming the Gdansk Bay Area
- Piotr Lorens
- Dorota Dominika Kamrowska-Załuska
- Małgorzata Kostrzewska
2014 Urban Design
The political transformation of Poland in the early nineties from a centrally steered economy to a free market economy entailed changes of the spatial planning system. The impact of these changes on the spatial transformations and current shape of urban structures in the Gdansk Bay Metropolitan Area is apparent and significant. The paper concentrates on the present spatial phenomena of Gdansk Agglomeration resulting from the main development strategies for spatial planning and urban design.
Translocatio : Przeniesienie drewnianych świątyń trzech obrządków
- Romana Cielątkowska
2014
Książka przedstawia autorskie doświadczenia z translokacji sakralnych obiektów drewnianych w trzech państwach: Polsce, Ukrainie i Rosji. Prace zarówno inwentaryzacyjne jak i projektowe oraz realizacja projektów miała miejsce w latach 2010-2013. Przedstawiono tło społeczne procesów, sam proces. Dokumentacja zawiera dodatkowo wiele rysunków specjalistycznych, pokazujących rozwiązania ciesielskie. Jest dowodem na możliwość stosowania różnych sposobów realizacji zamierzeń, odnoszących się do wielu instytucji.
Transmission protocol simulation framework for the resource-constrained sensor network
- Marek Wójcikowski
2014
In this paper the simulation framework for simulation of the sensor network protocol is presented. The framework enables the simultaneous development of the sensor network software and the protocol for the wireless data transmission. The advantage of using the framework is the convergence of the simulation with the real software, because the same software is used in real sensor network nodes and in the simulation framework. The operation of the framework is illustrated with some examples of the simulations of the selected transactions in the sensor network.
Transport of Particles in Intestinal Mucus under Simulated Infant and Adult Physiological Conditions: Impact of Mucus Structure and Extracellular DNA
- Adam Macierzanka
- Alan Mackie
- Balazs Bajka
- Neil Rigby
- Françoise Nau
- Didier Dupont
2014 Full text PLOS ONE
The final boundary between digested food and the cells that take up nutrients in the small intestine is a protective layer of mucus. In this work, the microstructural organization and permeability of the intestinal mucus have been determined under conditions simulating those of infant and adult human small intestines. As a model, we used the mucus from the proximal (jejunal) small intestines of piglets and adult pigs. Confocal microscopy of both unfixed and fixed mucosal tissue showed mucus lining the entire jejunal epithelium. The mucus contained DNA from shed epithelial cells at different stages of degradation, with higher amounts of DNA found in the adult pig. The pig mucus comprised a coherent network of mucin and DNA with higher viscosity than the more heterogeneous piglet mucus, which resulted in increased permeability of the latter to 500-nm and 1-µm latex beads. Multiple-particle tracking experiments revealed that diffusion of the probe particles was considerably enhanced after treating mucus with DNase. The fraction of diffusive 500-nm probe particles increased in the pig mucus from 0.6% to 64% and in the piglet mucus from ca. 30% to 77% after the treatment. This suggests that extracellular DNA can significantly contribute to the microrheology and barrier properties of the intestinal mucus layer. To our knowledge, this is the first time that the structure and permeability of the small intestinal mucus have been compared between different age groups and the contribution of extracellular DNA highlighted. The results help to define rules governing colloidal transport in the developing small intestine. These are required for engineering orally administered pharmaceutical preparations with improved delivery, as well as for fabricating novel foods with enhanced nutritional quality or for controlled calorie uptake.
Transzendentalphilosophie als Geltungsreflexion? Zur Philosophie Heinrich Rickerts
- Andrzej Lisak
2014 Full text Archiwum Historii Filozofii i Myśli Społecznej
Filozofie transcendentalną utożsamia się z refleksją o ważności, ale przecież od czasu słynnej debaty między Adolfem Trendelenburgiem i Kuno Fischerem rozwój refleksji transcendentalnej poszedł w dwu kierunkach. W szkole badeńskiej aprioryczna siła transcendentalnego podmiotu przeciwstawia się sferze przedmiotowej redukowanej do czystej faktyczności. Wartość i obiektywizacja poznania jest zasługą transcendentalnej świadomości - filozofia taka staje się refleksją o ważności. Drugi nurt refleksji transcendentalnej prezentuje Alois Riehl, szkoła marburska i fenomenologia Husserla. Transcendentalna filozofia staje się tu filozofią transcendentalnie rozumianej świadomości, gdzie świadomośc staje się miejscem w obrębie którego konstytuuje się i podmiot i przedmiot. Świt staje się tutaj światem intersubiektywnie ukonstytuowanych sensów, noematyczną jednością. Filozofia taka nie ma charakteru refleksji o ważności a staje się ontologią. artykuł podważa w ogóle charakter refleksji Heinricha Rickerta jako transcendentalej, mimo że uważa się powszechnie, że to on i jego szkoła wypracowała model filozofii jako refleksji o ważności. Filozofia transcendentalna jest u niego rodzajem procedury, która ma już na gruncie wcześniej wypracowanej teorii zapewnić poznaniu obiektywność, a nie jak u Husserla i w szkole marburskiej, gdzie filozofia transcendentalna jest uniwersalną metodą filozofii samej.