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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2014

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  • The Research of the Contamination Levels present in Samples of Precipitation and Surface Waters Collected from the Catchment Area Fuglebekken (Hornsund, Svalbard Archipelago)
    • Marek Ruman
    • Małgorzata Szopińska
    • Katarzyna Kozak
    • Sara Lehmann-Konera
    • Żaneta Polkowska
    2014 AIP Conference Proceedings

    Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are contaminants that may appear in polar regions. In present work surface water was collected from the main stream water in the Fuglebekken basin. The precipitationsamples was collected from the near area by Polish Polar Station in Hornsund. The present investigationreveals the results of the analysis of these samples for their total phenols, formaldehyde, TOC, PAHs and PCBs content. The presence in the basin (thousands of kilometers distant from industrial centers) of those compounds is testimony to the fact that these compounds are transported over vast distances with air masses and deposited in regions devoid of any human impact.

  • THE RESEARCH ON EGNOS SYSTEM IN CONTEXT OF THE ABILITY TO DETERMINE THE SHIP’S HULL SPATIAL ORIENTATION
    • Aleksander Nowak
    2014 Full text Annual of Navigation

    The European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) thanks to geostationary satellites covers an area of whole Europe, including Baltic and North Sea. It allows to fix the coordinates of object position with typical absolute accuracy of 1,5 m. Previous research have shown that relative accuracy is usually higher than absolute one [Nowak A., 2010, Nowak A., 2011], so probably it could be possible to use EGNOS to determine direction in space. The research described in the paper concerned relative accuracy of three homogeneous EGNOS receivers, in context of the ability to determine the ship’s hull spatial orientation. Theoretical basis, the process of the experiment and the results of recorded data analysis were described. The research were conducted in the summer of 2014. Three homogenous Leica Viva series receivers were used. They were configured to receive a differential messages of the EGNOS system. Recorded data were analyzed in context of fixes relative accuracy. On the basis of achieved results, a conclusion about the possibility of construction the measurement system for the automatic determination of the ship’s hull spatial orientation angles in real time was drawn. The further research directions were pointed out, too.

  • The role and importance of total organic carbon (TOC) in production chain of KGHM Polska Miedż S.A. = Rola i znaczenie węgla organicznego w ciągu produkcyjnym realizowanym w KGHM Polska Miedź S.A.
    • Andrzej Konieczny
    • Małgorzata Krzemińska
    • Witold Pawlos
    • Katarzyna Księżniak
    2014

    Węgiel organiczny ma szczególne znaczenie w procesach realizowanych w ciągu technologicznym KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Obecność węgla organicznego i złożoność problemów z nim związanych wynika głównie z jego występowania we wszystkich fazach tworzenia się złoża, a obecnie ma znaczący wpływ zarówno na przebieg procesu wzbogacania, jakość koncentratu, jak również na procesy ogniowe w technologii pieca zawiesinowego. Jednocześnie forma występowania węgla organicznego, w najbogatszych strefach złożowych, oraz wspólnie z minerałami siarczkowymi metali użytecznych wymaga zastosowania technologii znacznego ograniczenia zawartości Corg w koncentracie przy akceptowalnym poziomie strat metali w odpadach. W artykule dokonano analizy występowania węgla organicznego i łupka w poszczególnych etapach produkcji tj. od momentu rozpoznania geologicznego, eksploatacji górniczej poprzez przeróbkę rud aż do hutnictwa. Przybliżono zachowanie się Corg w procesach przeróbki rudy oraz jego rolę w procesie hutniczym. Rozpoznanie w złożu rozmieszczenia węgla organicznego i jego macerałów oraz określenie obiegu macerałów w układzie nadawa – koncentrat miedzi jest niezbędne dla optymalizacji procesów technologicznych realizowanych w KGHM.

  • The role of biodegradable particulate and colloidal organic compounds in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems
    • Jakub Drewnowski
    • Jacek Mąkinia
    2014 Full text International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology

    The efficiency of denitrification and enhanced biological phosphorus removal in biological nutrient removal activated sludge systems is strongly dependent on the availability of appropriate carbon sources. Due to high costs of commercial compounds (such as methanol, ethanol, acetic acid, etc.) and acclimation periods (usually) required, the effective use of internal substrates is preferred. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of slowly biodegradable compounds (particulate and colloidal), as internal carbon sources, on denitrification, phosphate release/uptake and oxygen utilization for a full-scale process mixed liquor from two large wastewater treatment plants located in northern Poland. Since it is difficult to distinguish the effect of slowly biodegradable substrate in a direct way, a novel procedure was developed and implemented. Four types of one- and two-phase laboratory batch experiments were carried out in two parallel reactors with the settled wastewater without pre-treatment (reactor 1) and pre-treated with coagulation–flocculation (reactor 2). The removal of colloidal and particulate fractions resulted in the reduced process rates (except for phosphate release). The average reductions ranged from 13 % for the oxygen utilization rate during the second phase of a two-phase experiment (anaerobic/aerobic), up to 35 % for the nitrate utilization rate (NUR) during the second phase of a conventional NUR measurement.

  • The role of case studies and management experience in the education and personal developement of IT project managers
    • Artur Ziółkowski
    • Kamil Ziółkowski
    2014

    The purpose of this article is to indicate the need for project management experience and knowledge in order to improve the competence of IT project managers. In the first part of the article there is shown the impact of experience on the development of project management skills. Also the need for having historical data about the projects - in order to make better project decisions - is shown in the article.In the following parts of the article, there are information about importance of case studies for acquiring knowledge about PM. There is also presented a case study model for the purpose of improving managerial skills. The article is finished by the presentation of the concept concerning saving project experiences to improve project management. There is also presented the concept of expanding PM tools for external modules allowing to analyze early project decisions. These modules can be used to make better decisions in future projects and also have educational role by enabling access to historical knowledge from completed projects.

  • The role of ergonomics in architectonic and marketing operations
    • Rafał Janowicz
    2014

    The 20th century, along with the development of mass culture, brought a rapid increase of marketing communications significance. At first, this branch of art had an informational function associated with advertising operations. Nowadays, an increase of marketing specialists’ interest in influencing a human being by the space they stay in may be observed. Ergonomics plays an important role in such operations. The aim of this article is to show the association between ergonomics, marketing communication and architecture. Examples of using ergonomics in design buildings with chosen utilitarian functions will be presented. This issue will be discussed, among others, on examples of marketing terms functioning in architectonic design, such as: customer’s path shaping, speed of moving, slight leading, and influencing the comfort of using the space.

  • THE ROLE OF NATURE IN PLACEMAKING WITHIN THE LIMITS OF HISTORIC CITIES
    • Monika Trojanowska
    2014

    This paper focuses on the role of nature in placemaking within historic cities. There are two different approaches to placemaking – The first is a more traditional approach, i.e. complete building process which entails significant investments. The second is “Lighter, Quicker, Cheaper” approach proposed by the Project for Public Spaces organization. This article discusses the role, importance and place of nature in both approaches. The arguments are provided for making of a place to serve as a refuge from stressful urban life conditions within the limits of national heritage areas. The placemaking efforts in historic town centers bring additional challenges. Fortunately, the aesthetisation with plants improves the living conditions of local inhabitants without changing historic urban fabric. The design of temporary installations on the TargWęglowy in Gdańsk by Gdyby group in August 2013, and the action called “Adopt a planter!” by organization Namestie pre ludi in Bratislava will be used to discuss good practices of temporary interventions.

  • THE ROLE OF THE POLISH UNIVERSITIES IN SHAPING A NEW MOBILITY CULTURE - ASSUMPTIONS, CONDITIONS, EXPERIENCE. CASE STUDY OF GDANSK UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY, CRACOW UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY AND SILESIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
    • Romanika Okraszewska
    • K. Nosal
    • G. Sierpiński
    2014

    The article expresses an idea of the privileged role of universities in the process of shaping the new culture for urban mobility. Mobility management of the academic community is adopted in order to indirectly influence a wider group of the population. The aim of the study was to investigate the situation at the Polish universities and the willingness of their authorities to implement integrated tools to manage the transportation choices of the academic community. The article considers the role of the public universities in influencing transport behaviour patterns in Polish cities. The authors' conviction of the privileged role of universities in shaping environment-friendly behaviour patterns in society is due to several reasons: the academic community is a significant group in the general population (nearly 5%), in large Polish cities, the participation of the academic community in the general population is up to 30%, students are a social group with a high willingness to adopt new ideas and make changes in lifestyle, knowledge and values gained in the educational process leaks into the public by people with higher education employed in various professions. The article describes a case study of the Gdansk University of Technology, the Cracow University of Technology and the Silesian University of Technology.

  • The smoothness test for a density function
    • Bogdan Ćmiel
    • Karol Dziedziul
    • Barbara Wolnik
    2014 Full text NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-THEORY METHODS & APPLICATIONS

    The problem of testing hypothesis that a density function has no more than μ derivatives versus it has more than μ derivatives is considered. For a solution, the L2 norms of wavelet orthogonal projections on some orthogonal ‘‘differences’’ of spaces from a multiresolution analysis is used. For the construction of the smoothness test an asymptotic distribution of a smoothness estimator is used. To analyze that asymptotic distribution, a new technique of enrichment procedure is proposed. The finite sample behavior of the smoothness test is demonstrated in a numerical experiment in case of determination if a density function is continuous or discontinuous.

  • The Specific Nature of Chemical Composition of Water from Volcanic Lakes Based on Bali Case Study
    • Żaneta Polkowska
    • Marek Ruman
    • Sara Lehmann-Konera
    • Magdalena Matysik
    • Damian Absalon
    2014 Full text

    The research area was localized in the Indonesian Archipelago, at the latitude of eight and nine degrees S on the one of the Lesser Sunda group island provinces, Bali (563,3 km2). Two massive calderas (Mount Batur 1717 m above sea level.; Mount Sangiyang 2093 m above sea level) are one of the most prominent landforms in the chain of volcanic mountain ranges of the Bali Island. Lake Batur (17,18 km2) and Batur Spring (which are part of the freshwater lake system of Mt. Batur caldera) and also Danau Bratan Lake (one of the unconnected lakes next to the Mt. Sangiyang caldera), were selected for studies on the pollutants concentration levels in this volcanic area located in tropical climate. The research was aimed at determining the concentration of pollutants of natural (volcanic) and anthropogenic origin occurring in both lakes. The following parameters were determined: anions, metals, pH and conductivity. Based on the obtained dataset of initial studies it can be stated that the localization of aquatic ecosystems has the significant impact on the chemical composition of surface water.

  • The transformation of the Chinese stock market between 1990 and 2012
    • Adam Marszk
    2014 Prace i Materiały Instytutu Handlu Zagranicznego Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego

    The main purpose of this paper is to examine the transformation of the stock market in the People’s Republic of China (i.e. concentrated on stock exchanges in Shanghai and Shenzhen; the stock exchange in Hong Kong was omitted) from its beginnings in the early 1990s, through rapid development over the next two decades, up to the financial crisis of 2008 (the period examined is 1990–2012). The paper presents a short history of the Chinese stock market before and after 1990. Other topics covered include unique stock classification system, comparison of the two stock exchanges, main market participants (including barriers for institutional and foreign investors), and legal/regulatory environment evolution. The next part of the paper consists of an analysis of the main stock market’s development indicators (in both absolute and relative terms). The findings conclude that, in the said period, Chinese stock market has undergone a deep transformation, especially when its size and liquidity are being considered. However, there are still many aspects in which it remains underdeveloped, particularly in the supervision system’s area.

  • The two ring road complexes of Gdansk
    • Łukasz Bugalski
    2014

    The urban structure of Gdańsk city centre is determined by two ring road complexes. The first of them, the Gdańsk Ring, has been designed by Hermann Josef Stübben as a result of a defortification at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. This new modern zone of the city centre was destroyed like the rest of Gdańsk in the end of World War Two and had not been reconstructed as a result of de-Germanization of the Recovered Territories. The second ring structure has been formed as a green belt in place of the medieval fortification system of the Main Town during its post-war reconstruction according to the principles of the 'Polish school of conservation' formulated by Jan Zachwatowicz. The purpose of this paper is to present the value of both Gdańsk ring road complexes which urban rehabilitation would have a great influence on structure of the entire city centre area.

  • The UK's banking system as financial hub for Islamic banking
    • Katarzyna Kubiszewska
    • Rafał Komorowski
    2014 International Journal of Behavioural Accounting and Finance

    This paper examines the phenomenon of London as "the Islamic banking hub". It contends that London has become not only an international centre for Islamic finance, but also that there is big interest and demand for Islamic banking products. The authors are also positive that Islamic banking may be a certain solution for the problems that Europe has been suffering since 2007 when the global debt crisis started. Our intention is to attract other researchers to this subject, as we believe Islamic finance may play an important role in the future of global financial markets.

  • The use and development of e-learning systems in educational projects
    • Krzysztof Redlarski
    2014

    The article introduces the problem of usage and development of e-learning systems among Polish universities. Easily accessible internet and IT development led to changes in education. Through the use of IT tools, e-learning has become an increasingly popular form of education. Presently, majority of Polish universities use an e-learning system of their own choosing designed to support the didactic processes. The goal of the article is an assessment of the popular e-learning systems used in selected group of universities, overview of their advantages and disadvantages, and pinpointing causes of problems associated with their use. A case study, carried out within the research among the main educational projects participants, took into consideration the opinions of users of different e-learning systems. Solutions suggested within the article should primarily be useful to decision-makers responsible for development and implementation of new e-learning systems among universities. The conclusions might prove helpful in taking the right decision to effectively use the new IT tools. The article also highlights the existing opportunities and obstacles of e-learning system development, as their main goal is to shift the form and increase the attractiveness of lectures, and, at the same time, increase the effectiveness of the learning process.

  • The use of a one-step PCR method for the identification of Microsporum canis and Trichophyton mentagrophytes infection of pets
    • Iwona Dąbrowska
    • Bożena Dworecka-Kaszak
    • Anna Brillowska-Dąbrowska
    2014 Full text Acta Biochimica Polonica

    Introduction: Dermatophytes are a closely related group of keratinophilic fungi. They encompass important etiological agents of superficial fungal infections. These fungi are able to invade keratinized tissues of humans and animals, causing dermatophytosis (ringworm) of hair, nails or skin. The aim: Traditional diagnostics of ringworm is based on morphological identification of cultured fungi and is time-consuming. Materials and methods: In this study, we applied a method patented by Brillowska-Dabrowska and coworkers (Brillowska- Dąbrowska A, Saunte DM, Arenderup MC, 2007, Fivehour diagnosis of dermatophyte nail infections with specific detection of Trichophyton rubrum. J Clin Microbiol 45: 1200–1204) which involves extraction of fungal DNA and PCR amplification with pan-dermatophyte primers to confirm the presence of dermatophytes. Results: The method used here is able to confirm the presence of dermatophytes DNA in pure cultures in less than 5 hours.

  • The use of LiFePO4 technology in autonomous PV systems
    • Wojciech Grzesiak
    • Piotr Maćków
    • Beata Synkiewicz
    • Szymon Zawora
    • Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
    • Paweł Grzesiak
    2014

    Battery manufacturing based on the flow of lithium ions is currently the fastest growing and the most promising technology. It is used in many applications - from the smallest electronic devices to the large-scale energy trays. However, in the PV systems lead-acid batteries are still the most commonly used. As they are much cheaper they also come with a number of significant disadvantages. It is anticipated that they will be replaced by batteries based on LiFePO4 technology in the near future. The use of this technology in autonomous PV systems requires development of the electronic systems with charging and discharging monitoring capabilities. The article briefly discusses the integrated BMS (Battery Management System) which purpose is to measure the voltage, current and the temperature of the cells and their environment during charging and discharging of the battery. As a consequence, it allows aligning voltages on each cell to bring safety oversight and provide a long and trouble-free operation of the battery. A dedicated, high-performance solar charge controller based on a technique MPPT has been also presented. Controller allows optimizing the use of electrical energy generated by the PV module. It was created as a result of cooperation between ITE Cracow Division and Zamel. The proposed solution has been put under economic evaluation in terms of current and future manufacturing and deployment costs.

  • The Use of Liquid Crystal Thermography in Selected Technical and Medical Applications—Recent Development
    • Jan Stąsiek
    • Marcin Jewartowski
    • Tomasz A. Kowalewski
    2014 Full text Journal of Crystallization Process and Technology

    Thermochromic liquid crystals (TLC) and true-colour digital image processing have been successfully used in non-intrusive technical, industrial and biomedical studies and applications. Thin coatings of TLC at surfaces are utilized to obtain detailed temperature distributions and heat transfer rates for steady or transient processes. Liquid crystals also can be used to make the temperature and velocity fields in liquids visible by the simple expedient of directly mixing the liquid crystal material into the liquid (water, glycerol, glycol, and silicone oils) in very small quantities to use as thermal and hydrodynamic tracers. In biomedical situations, e.g., skin diseases, breast cancer, blood circulation and other medical application, TLC and image processing are successfully used as an additional non-invasive diagnostic method especially useful for screening large groups of potential patients. The history of this technique is reviewed, principal methods and tools are described and some examples are presented. Also steady-state and transient liquid crystal thermography (LCT) is used to measure local heat transfer on a plate equipped with transverse vortex generators. Automated evaluation allows determining the heat transfer coefficient without arbitrary influence of human interpretation.

  • The Use of Photographs in the Teaching/Learning of Descriptive Geometry
    • Bożena Kotarska-Lewandowska
    2014

    The article presents the concept of enriching the Descriptive Geometry course with photographs and several simplified real-life engineering tasks. The photographic images used for the exercises are tightly linked to engineering structures, the given specialization and the surrounding world. The photo image as a record of central projection of a real space can be useful for presentation and analysis of the properties of perspective. The tasks include not only the construction of a perspective view, but also the reconstruction of an object from a given perspective image. In the context of parallel projections photographs may constitute visualization of spatial issues or become an inspiration for drawing tasks such as analysis of the geometric forms of existing facilities and performance of orthogonal or axonometric views of structural elements e.g. fragments of steel structures, connection of two pipes etc.

  • The use of Response Surface Methodology for reliability estimation of aluminum silo subjected to wind load
    • Karol Winkelmann
    2014

    An axisymmetric aluminum silo model with a single, standardized geometric imperfection of its lateral surface is considered. The silo is wind – loaded only. The paper is focused on the critical, or limit value of wind pressure, both producing a loss of stability of the silo. This value is affected by vertical coordinate (position) of the imperfection and the angular relation between the imperfection and the wind direction. Reliability of a silo is assessed in three variants: direct Monte Carlo simulation (MCS), MCS with variance reduction techniques and the Response Surface Method (RSM). Comparative analysis is finally conducted.

  • The use of Response Surface Methodology for reliability estimation of composite engineering structures
    • Karol Winkelmann
    • Jarosław Górski
    2014 Full text Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics

    Stability loss is one of the key issues in the analysis of shells made of composite materials. This paper aims at finding the variation of the critical or limit value of the load resulting from geometric imperfections. An axially compressed 16-layer cylindrical panel model is considered. The imperfections of the panel are simulated as random fields. The parameters of these fields are used as the basic variables of the reliability problem of the model. The reliability analysis is based on the Response Surface Methodology (RSM). On the basis of the derived equation of the response surface, a reliability index of the model is determined using an author's program – both the Monte Carlo method (MC) and the Hasofer-Lind-Rackwitz-Fiessler (HLRF) reliability index formulation analyses.