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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2014

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  • THE USE OF ULTRAFAST GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY FOR CLASSIFICATION OF PLUM SPIRITS = SPOSÓB WYKORZYSTANIA ULTRASZYBKIEJ CHROMATOGRAFII GAZOWEJ DO KLASYFIKACJI OKOWIT ŚLIWKOWYCH
    • Magdalena Śliwińska
    • Paulina Wiśniewska
    • Tomasz Dymerski
    • Jacek Gębicki
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    2014

    Stan środowiska ma znaczny wpływ na jakość upraw. W konsekwencji występowanie zanieczyszczeń w powietrzu ma istotny wpływ na jakość żywności. W skutek złego stanu powietrza zewnętrznego i wewnętrznego zmieniają się m.in. walory sensoryczne i zdrowotne niektórych produktów spożywczych. Z tego powodu należy nieustannie monitorować stan środowiska za pomocą m.in. nowoczesnej aparatury analitycznej jakim jest elektroniczny nos. W pracy przedstawione zostały wyniki badań dotyczące profili zapachowych okowit ze śliwek pochodzących z różnych krajów, za pomocą elektronicznego nosa wykorzystującego technologię ultraszybkiej chromatografii gazowej. Urządzenie to umożliwia porównywanie profilu frakcji lotnej, a także identyfikację jej składu. Do analizy danych wykorzystano następujące metody statystyczne: PCA, DFA oraz SIMCA. Dodatkowo w pracy zawarto zarys historyczny dotyczący powstania elektronicznego nosa, porównanie pracy elektronicznego nosa do zmysłu węchu oraz informacje na temat napoju spirytusowego nazywanego „okowitą”.

  • The Use of Vegetables in the Biomonitoring of Cadmium and Lead Pollution in the Environment
    • Marzena Szczygłowska
    • Małgorzata Bodnar
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    • Piotr Konieczka
    2014 CRITICAL REVIEWS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

    Lead and cadmium emitted from various anthropogenic sources have the ability to accumulate in tissues of living organisms. The phenomenon of accumulation of metals in the body is harmful and undesirable. On the other hand, the ability of plants to accumulate heavy metals from the individual elements of the environment has been used in biomonitoring of pollution. Leaf and root of vegetables have particular predisposition for accumulating toxic metals such as lead and cadmium. Therefore can be use for the biomonitoring of environment mainly as a tool for assessing the extent of soil contamination. The article discusses literature information on the subject of:  entry paths of lead and cadmium into the body,  toxic effects of lead and cadmium on the human organism,  the use of vegetables as a tool in the biomonitoring of heavy metals in different elements of the environment.

  • The vortex flow caused by sound in a bubbly liquid
    • Anna Perelomova
    • Paweł Wojda
    2014 Full text CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

    Generation of vorticity in the field of intense sound in a bubbly liquid in the free half-space is considered. The reasons for generation of vorticity are nonlinearity, diffraction, and dispersion. Acoustic streaming differs from that in a Newtonian fluid. Under some conditions, the vortex flow changes its direction. Conclusions concern streaming induced by a harmonic or an impulse Gaussian beam.

  • THERMAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HYBRID MICROCHANNEL -MICROJET TEST PROBE
    • Tomasz Muszyński
    • Rafał Andrzejczyk
    2014

    Accurate control of cooling parameters is required in ever wider range of technical applications. It is known that reducing the flow hydraulic diameter to an increase in the economy of cooling and improves its quality (Mikielewicz and Muszyński 2009). Present study describes research results related to the design and construction of the test stand for hybrid microjet- microchannel cooling modules study, which may be applied in many technical applications such as in electronics, pharmaceutical etc.

  • THERMAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF HYBRID MICROCHANNEL-MICROJET TEST PROBE
    • Tomasz Muszyński
    • Rafał Andrzejczyk
    2014 Dokonania Młodych Naukowców

    The paper presents the numerical investigation of a microjet- microchannel cooling module. In which microjets of water are impinging into the microchannels and forming a liquid film on the impingement surface. Applied technology takes benefits from two very attractive heat removal techniques. When lminar jets are impinging on the surface have a very high kinetic energy at the stagnation point, also in microchannels boundary layer is very thin allowing to obtain very high heat fluxes. Applied technology of jet production can result with the jet hydraulic diameter from 200 to 500 μm, combined with microchannels 2mm wide and 2 mm high. Tests were conducted under steady state conditions, for water as test fluid.

  • Thermal Analysis Of Hybrid Microchannel-Microjet Heat Exchanger
    • Tomasz Muszyński
    • Rafał Andrzejczyk
    2014

    The paper presents the numerical investigation of a microjet- microchannel cooling module. In which microjets of water are impinging into the microchannels and forming a liquid film on the impingement surface. Applied technology takes benefits from two very attractive heat removal techniques. When laminar jets are impinging on the surface have a very high kinetic energy at the stagnation point, also in microchannels boundary layer is very thin allowing to obtain very high heat fluxes. Applied technology of jet production can result with the jet hydraulic diameter from 200 to 500 μm, combined with microchannels 2mm wide and 3 mm high.

  • Thermal and Electrodynamic Risk of Residual Current Devices in the Case of Back-Up Protection by Overcurrent Circuit Breakers
    • Stanisław Czapp
    • Daniel Kowalak
    • Kornel Borowski
    2014 Full text Acta Energetica

    Residual current operated circuit breakers without integral overcurrent protection should be back-up protected. As back-up protection devices, overcurrent circuit breakers are used. The maximum let-through energy and let-through current of the overcurrent devices were evaluated under laboratory conditions. The thermal and electrodynamic risk of residual current devices was analyzed.

  • Thermal Properties of PLA/TPS Blends
    • Helena Janik
    • Maciej Sienkiewicz
    • Aneta Lachowicz
    • Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
    2014

    Four types of polymer compositions having different amount of potato starch, glycerin and poly(lactic acid) was obtained and characterized by DSC. Adding of TPS to PLA lowered Tg.

  • Thermal self-action effects for acoustic beams containing fronts in a Maxwell relaxing fluid
    • Anna Perelomova
    2014 Full text CENTRAL EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICS

    This paper examines the thermal self-action of acoustic beams in a Maxwell relaxing fluid. This type of thermal self-action differs from that in a Newtonian fluid and behaves differently depending on a ratio of sound period and time of thermodynamic relaxation. The self-action which relates to sound beams containing shock fronts is also discussed. In addition, stationary and non-stationary types of self-action are considered.

  • Thermal self-action effects of acoustic beam in a vibrationally relaxing gas
    • Anna Perelomova
    2014 Full text APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING

    Thermal self-action of acoustic beam in a molecular gas with excited internal degrees of molecules’ freedom, is studied. This kind of thermal self-action differs from that in a Newtonian fluid. Heating or cooling of a medium takes place due to transfer of internal vibrational energy. Equilibrium and non-equilibrium gases, which may be acoustically active, are considered. A beam in an acoustically active gas is self-focusing unlike a beam in a standard viscous gas. The self-action effects relating to wave beams containing shock fronts, are discussed. Stationary and non-stationary kinds of self-action are considered.

  • THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF A GENERATION IV SCWR NUCLEAR POWER PLANT CYCLE
    • Jacek Frost
    • Marek Dzida
    2014 Full text Journal of Polish CIMEEAC

    This article presents a flow and thermodynamic analysis of a Generation IV nuclear cycle. An SCWR (Supercritical water reactor) is a high temperature and high pressure reactor that uses water at a temperature above its thermodynamic critical point as the working fluid. The cycle used for the calculations consists of one interstage superheater and 7 regenerative heat exchangers. Division pressure was optimized in view of the cycle efficiency, and the possibility of using another pressure value that would be more beneficial due to the structure of the grid of blades was mentioned

  • Thermophysical properties of the phase change material mixtures – preliminary studies on macromolecular hydrocarbons example.
    • Michał Ryms
    • Patrycja Wcisło-Kucharek
    • Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
    • Hubert Denda
    2014

    The aim of this work is a theoretical and experimental analysis of the macromolecular hydrocarbon mixtures composition and the impact on thermophysical parameters of the phase change materials (PCM) made from these mixtures. The analysis of the current state of knowledge extended by the author’s own studies have been presented. Thermophysical characteristics of the hydrocarbons and their mixtures have been specified, in such a way, that on this basis description of the nature of the effects from individual fractions can be obtained, and the most important parameters characterizing the PCMs, such as the temperature peak of the phase transition or the heat of transition, can be set down.

  • Thermophysical Properties of the Phase Change Material Mixtures – Preliminary Studies on Macromolecular Hydrocarbons Example.
    • Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
    • Patrycja Wcisło-Kucharek
    • Hubert Denda
    • Michał Ryms
    2014 Polska Energetyka Słoneczna

    The aim of this work is a theoretical and experimental analysis of the macromolecular hydrocarbons mixtures composition and the impact on thermophysical parameters of the phase change materials (PCM) made from these mixtures. The analysis of the current state of knowledge extended by the author's own studies have been presented. Thermophysical characteristics of the hydrocarbons and their mixtures have been specified, in such a way, that on this basis description of the nature of the effects from individual fractions can be obtained, and the most important parameters characterizing the PCMs, such as the temperature peak of the phase transition or the heat of transition, can be set down.

  • Thickness and structure change of titanium (IV) oxide thin films synthesized by the sol–gel spin coating method
    • Aneta Lewkowicz
    • Anna Synak
    • Beata Grobelna
    • Piotr Bojarski
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    • Jakub Karczewski
    • Karol Szczodrowski
    • Mirosław Behrendt
    2014 OPTICAL MATERIALS

    Titanium dioxide is a well-known material in nanotechnology, while it provides new opportunities due to its interesting properties, for example, as a semiconductor with a quite significant forbidden band gap energy of 3.2 eV. In this study, thin films of titanium dioxide (TiO2) were synthesized in amorphous and crystallographic systems using the sol–gel process. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques were applied to obtain structural characteristics of the prepared films. We estimated that TiO2 thin films crystallize in anatase phase between temperatures 380 °C and 700 °C, and into anatase–rutile phase at 650 °C, while rutile phase exists alone above 800 °C. The changes in porosity of materials in relation to temperature were calculated as well. The refractive index of titanium dioxide thin films from ellipsometric measurements is also provided.

  • Thin CVD diamond films - synthesis, properties, applications
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    2014

    The basic model of diamond films growth, in the low pressure synthesis, deposition from the CVD gas phase, is the mixture of hydrocarbon gas in presence with activated hydrogen and its nucleation on the substrate as a result of pyrolysis reaction. It allows to cross the great energetic barrier between graphite and diamond. High pressure and temperature are replaced by change of electronic structure of atoms into gas precursors of carbon.

  • Third sector characteristics and importance
    • Magdalena Popowska
    • Michał Łuński
    2014 Full text Przedsiębiorstwo we współczesnej gospodarce - teoria i praktyka

    This article aims to present a brief overview of existing definitions and specific characteristics of the third sector. It also highlights the basic functions of NGOs as an important institutional and organizational actor in the global political and economic landscape.

  • Three-dimensional Web Geographic Information System using web-based technologies
    • Marek Kulawiak
    2014

    Web-based Geographic Information Systems offer a way of delivering geographic information to devices with small computational power, such as smartphones. In recent years, the rapid development of the Web Graphics Library (WebGL) made it possible to create rich interactive applications running inside a web browser and displaying three-dimensional objects using hardware acceleration. This paper presents a three-dimensional Web-GIS based on various web technologies, such as WebGL, Web Map Services, JavaScript and the HTML5 standard. The created system can be run on any device with a modern web browser which supports the WebGL standard, including smartphones and tablets, without the need of installing any platform-specific components.

  • Time Delay Estimation in Two-Phase Flow Investigation Using the γ-Ray Attenuation Technique.
    • Robert Hanus
    • Marcin Zych
    • Leszek Petryka
    • Dariusz Świsulski
    2014 Full text MATHEMATICAL PROBLEMS IN ENGINEERING

    Time delay estimation is an important research question having many applications in a range of technologies. Measurement of a two-phase flow in a pipeline or an open channel using radioisotopes is an example of such application. For instance, the determination of velocity of dispersed phase in that case is based on estimation of the time delay between two stochastic signals provided by scintillation probes. The proper analysis of such signals, usually in presence of noise, requires the use of advanced statistical signal processing. In this paper, the simulation studies of time delay estimation were carried out with the use of the following differential methods: average magnitude difference function, and average square difference function and proposed combined methods comprising the above-mentioned differential and cross-correlation functions are presented. Attached simulations have been carried out for models of stochastic signals corresponding to the signals obtained in gamma-ray absorption measurements of gas-liquid flow in a horizontal pipeline. The standard uncertainties of time delay estimations have been determined for each of the methods. Improved metrological properties have been stated in the combined methods in comparison with the classical cross-correlation procedure.

  • Time versus space trade-offs for randezvous in trees
    • Jurek Czyzowicz
    • Adrian Kosowski
    • Andrzej Pelc
    2014 DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING

    Two identical (anonymous) mobile agents start from arbitrary nodes of an unknown tree and have to meet at some node. Agents move in synchronous rounds: in each round an agent can either stay at the current node or move to one of its neighbors. We consider deterministic algorithms for this rendezvous task. The main result of this paper is a tight trade-off between the optimal time of completing rendezvous and the size of memory of the agents. For agents with memory bits, we show that optimal rendezvous time is in -node trees. More precisely, if , for some constant , we design agents accomplishing rendezvous in arbitrary trees of size (unknown to the agents) in time , starting with arbitrary delay. We also show that no pair of agents can accomplish rendezvous in time , even in the class of lines of known length and even with simultaneous start. Finally, we prove that at least logarithmic memory is necessary for rendezvous, even for agents starting simultaneously in a -node line.

  • Time-frequency analysis in optical coherence tomography for technical objects examination
    • Marcin Strąkowski
    • Maciej Kraszewski
    • Michał Trojanowski
    • Jerzy Pluciński
    2014

    Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is one of the most advanced optical measurement techniques for complex structure visualization. The advantages of OCT have been used for surface and subsurface defect detection in composite materials, polymers, ceramics, non-metallic protective coatings, and many more. Our research activity has been focused on timefrequency spectroscopic analysis in OCT. It is based on time resolved spectral analysis of the backscattered optical signal delivered by the OCT. The time-frequency method gives spectral characteristic of optical radiation backscattered or backreflected from the particular points inside the tested device. This provides more information about the sample, which are useful for further analysis. Nowadays, the applications of spectroscopic analysis for composite layers characterization or tissue recognition have been reported. During our studies we have found new applications of spectroscopic analysis. We have used this method for thickness estimation of thin films, which are under the resolution of OCT. Also, we have combined the spectroscopic analysis with polarization sensitive OCT (PS-OCT). This approach enables to obtain a multiorder retardation value directly and may become a breakthrough in PS-OCT measurements of highly birefringent media. In this work, we present the time-frequency spectroscopic algorithms and their applications for OCT. Also, the theoretical simulations and measurement validation of this method are shown. © (2014) COPYRIGHT Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE). Downloading of the abstract is permitted for personal use only.