2016 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

Show publications from the year

Publications from the year 2016

Show all

The Ellenbogen's "Matter as Software" Concept for Quantum Computer Implementation: III. Selection of X@C60 Molecular Building Blocks (MBBs) for Tip-Based Nanofabrication (TBN) of Trapped Neutral Atom Quantum Computing Devices
- Aleksander Herman
2016 Quantum Matter
The selection of guest atoms X of X@C60 MBBs for TBN of trapped neutral atom quantum computing devices is reported. Assuming the all-optical quantum computing as a final target stage, the two criteria are most important: the charge q accumulated on the C60 host must be as low as possible, and the atom X must have one or more available excited states within the band falling into the low energy window of neutral C60 molecule electronic spectrum. The search for the optimal guest atoms X has been performed for the elements from H to Bi, excluding Tc and lanthanides. Fourteen X elements passed the aforementioned criteria, showing that the X@C60 host-guest molecules are almost ideal MBBs for the implementation of “Matter as Software” concept for prototyping the trapped neutral atom quantum computing devices.
The Ellenbogen’s “Matter as Software” Concept for Quantum Computer Implementation: IV. The X@C60 Molecular Building Blocks (MBBs) and Computing System Lifetime Estimation
- Aleksander Herman
2016 Quantum Matter
The problem of approximate lifetimes of individual X@C60 MBBs and tip-based nanofabricated quantum computing device systems is discussed under the conservative assumption of single-point failure. A single chemical transformation of the C60 cage into high-energy opened o-C60 isomer which forms the communication canal for the low energy transfer of an X atom from X@C60 MBB to the outside environment was studied. According to the PM7 method, the energy of o-C60 isomer is about 2.47 eV higher than that of C60 in the ground state. The estimated activation barrier between C60 and o-C60 isomer lies at 2.48 eV above the ground state of C60. A search for an individual activation barrier of the guest X atom was performed for the elements ranging between H and Bi, excluding Tc and lanthanides. Four X elements (Ru, Rh, Pd and Os) have been excluded from the available set of X@C60 MBBs because of their tendency to form stable insertion products with the wall of C60 cage.
The estimation of total volatile organic compounds emissions generated from peroxide cured natural rubber/polycaprolactone blends
- Krzysztof Formela
- Mariusz Marć
- Jacek Namieśnik
- Bożena Zabiegała
2016 MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
Natural rubber (NR)/polycaprolactone (PCL) blends at the ratio of 90/10% wt. (NR/PCL90/10) and 70/30% wt. (NR/PCL70/30), with a constant amount of dicumyl peroxide, were prepared by compounding in an internal mixer. Obtained NR/PCL bio-based blends were cured at three different temperatures (150 °C, 160 °C and 170 °C). The total content of volatile organic compounds (TVOC) as a function of the NR/PCL blends ratio, and their curing temperatures, was investigated using headspace analysis integrated with gas chromatography with flame ionization detector (HS-GC-FID). For a better understanding, the interactions between the NR and PCL phase, the relationship between the TVOC parameter, curing characteristics (optimal cure time, torque increment) and physico–mechanical properties (density, hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break) of the resulting blends were determined. The obtained content of TVOC varied in the range of 33.5–53.6 μg/g, depending on the sample. The presented results showed that increasing emissions of volatile organic compounds from NR/PCL blends indicate deterioration of their mechanical properties, while the impact of the TVOC content on curing characteristics, density and hardness was negligible. These results correspond to the changes in the structure of NR/PCL blends, evaluated using FTIR spectroscopy. This work confirms that the proposed methodology could be successfully applied as a fast tool for the quality control of the NR/PCL blends.
The evaluation of eGlasses eye tracking module as an extension for Scratch
- Tomasz Kocejko
- Jacek Rumiński
- Adam Bujnowski
- Jerzy Wtorek
2016
In this paper we present the possibility of using eGlasses eye tracking module as an extension for Scratch programming tool which is a visual programming language supporting computer skills learning. The main concept behind this project is to setup the interface for rapid interaction design. Eye tracking is a powerful tool for hands free communication but for that requires a dedicated software. This software is rarely tailored for a specific needs of a potential user. It means that people who wants to explore gaze driven computer interfaces often need to create their own eye tracking software or need to have certain computer skills to be able to go through the software development kit (SDK) provided by the eye tracker vendors. It makes designing interaction by gaze quite challenging. The eGlasses eye tracking module was used to extend sensor values available in Scratch by the information about pupil position, gaze position and eye opened/eye closed signal. In this paper we have tested if the gaze data acquired by the eGlasses are reliable and can be used as an input signal for rapid interaction design using Scratch. The whole interface was validated regarding the system usability score (SUS). The purpose of our work is to support disabled children and their therapists but also to give a chance to a wider community, without computational skills, to easily check they ideas for gaze based interaction. The results of conducted studies with the participation of volunteers give strong foundations to support this statement.
The Evaluation of Use of Colors in Graphical User-Interfaces in Healthcare
- Jacek Rumiński
2016 Journal of Medical Imaging and Health Informatics
In this paper, color difference/contrast measures are investigated in reference to results of experiments with the participation of average, color-normal observers and with individuals with deuteranopia. Additionally, a new method for the automatic analysis of color contrast is proposed, which supports designers of graphical user- interfaces in healthcare. The method was verified using the GUI phantom of a vital signs monitor (the config- urable, simulated model). Experiments were performed to analyze the role of different color difference measures and the influence of the parameters of the proposed method on final assessment results. It is shown that the proposed method provides reliable information about local color contrast using graphical indication of possi- ble contrast problems. The introduced procedure can be performed automatically providing quantitative and objective evaluation results about the use of color in graphical user interfaces.
The Factors Affecting Group Identity of Cluster Structures
- Anna Lis
- Adrian Lis
2016 Full text Journal of Intercultural Management
The paper provides a new approach to cluster analysis, basing on a sociologically rooted concept of identity. The authors state that identity in cluster structures is formed by two main groups of factors – uncontrollable or slightly controllable factors (identity mix) and factors that can be fully controlled by a cluster initiative (corporate identity mix). It means that the cluster coordinator is able to consciously build the identity of a cluster structure and reinforce the identification of individuals with one another and with the group as a whole. Thus, effective management of a cluster initiative can highly strengthen its identity whereas strong identity interacts back (in a positive way) with the efficiency and stability of a group. By contrast, poor management of an initiative tends to weaken group identity and, in the long term, it can lead to disintegration of the whole cluster initiative. The methods of the study are systemic and logic analysis. More advanced studies are needed to test the concept of identity for cluster structures and confirm the working hypothesis.
The field–dependent interface recombination velocity for organic–inorganic heterojunction
- Jędrzej Szmytkowski
2016 Full text CHEMICAL PHYSICS LETTERS
We have derived an analytical formula which describes the field–dependent interface recombination velocity for the boundary of two materials characterized by different permittivities. The interface recombination of charge carriers has been considered in the presence of image force Schottky barrier. We suggest that this effect may play an important role in the loss of current for organic–inorganic hybrid heterojunctions. It has been proved that the presented method is a generalization of the Scott–Malliaras model of surface recombination at the organic/metal interface. We also discuss that this model is intuitively similar but not analogous to the Langevin mechanism of bulk recombination.
The finite difference methods of computation of X-rays propagation through a system of many lenses
- Paweł Wojda
- S. Kshevetskii
2016
The propagation of X-ray waves through an optical system consisting of many beryllium X-ray refrac- tive lenses is considered. In order to calculate the propagation of electromagnetic in the optical sys- tem, two differential equations are considered. First equation for an electric field of a monochromatic wave and the second equation derived for complex phase of the same electric The propagation of X-ray waves through an optical system consisting of many beryllium X-ray refrac- tive lenses is considered. In order to calculate the propagation of electromagnetic in the optical sys- tem, two differential equations are considered. First equation for an electric field of a monochromatic wave and the second equation derived for complex phase of the same electric field. For solving the prob- lems, finite-difference methods are suggested and in- vestigated. It is shown that very small steps of the difference grid are necessary for reliable computa- tion of propagation of X-ray waves through the sys- tem of lenses, when the first equation is used. The reason of such a result is that the electric field of the wave after passing through many lenses is a quickly oscillating function of coordinates. It is shown that much larger steps may be utilized if the second equa- tion is used, because the phase of electric field after passing through many lenses is quickly increasing, but not oscillating function. We suggest and recom- mend using the equation for a phase function instead of the equation for an electric field. The error of simulation obtained for both equations is estimated mathematically and investigated.field. For solving the prob- lems, finite-difference methods are suggested and in- vestigated. It is shown that very small steps of the difference grid are necessary for reliable computa- tion of propagation of X-ray waves through the sys- tem of lenses, when the first equation is used. The reason of such a result is that the electric field of the wave after passing through many lenses is a quickly oscillating function of coordinates. It is shown that much larger steps may be utilized if the second equa- tion is used, because the phase of electric field after passing through many lenses is quickly increasing, but not oscillating function. We suggest and recom- mend using the equation for a phase function instead of the equation for an electric field. The error of simulation obtained for both equations is estimated mathematically and investigated.
The future of the logistician education in Poland and Ukraine: comparative analysis of the student’s opinion
- Nina Rizun
- Irena Pawłyszyn
- Ryzhkova Halina
2016 Full text LogForum
Background: A professional future is the next logical step after a student completes their chosen degree course. More frequently, even during their studies, young people seek opportunities to participate in various conferences, training courses, internships, work placements, and to travel abroad, etc. All of this has one main goal - to increase the student's attractiveness as a potential employee on the labour market. Thus, it becomes very important to ask relevant and timely questions to students about the knowledge they gain during their studies, the skills they possess and how they perceive their future work. Methods: This paper presents the views of students of logistics and related disciplines regarding their future careers. The aim of this study was to investigate the expectations, skills and visions of the future of the young generation who stand at the threshold of their careers, in two countries - Poland and Ukraine. The test method used for collecting opinions was a questionnaire. Results: This paper recognises key elements of young people's perception of the labour market. They present a brief theoretical discussion on the issue in question. The authors present the results of the comparison of attitudes of students from two universities in Poland and in Ukraine, in four areas: Participant's Profiles; Professional Attractiveness; Obtained Knowledge and Skills; Employment. Conclusions: Contemporary logistics requires professionals of the highest calibre, which is confirmed by many respected authorities. The research results show a preview of the preferences of students of logistics and related disciplines in terms of future work, and give information about the knowledge they gained during their studies. Comparison of the two groups of participants from different countries gives the opportunity to observe the aspirations and visions of each , as well as propose recommendations aimed at signalling the possibility of improving the situation of graduates in relation to their future employment
The geodetic monitoring of the engineering structure – a practical solution of the problem in 3D space
- Daria Filipiak-Kowszyk
- Artur Janowski
- Waldemar Kamiński
- Karolina Makowska
- Jakub Szulwic
- Krzysztof Wilde
2016 Full text REPORTS ON GEODESY AND GEOINFORMATICS
The study raises the issues concerning the automatic system designed for the monitoring of movement of controlled points, located on the roof covering of the Forest Opera in Sopot. It presents the calculation algorithm proposed by authors. It takes into account the specific design and location of the test object. High forest stand makes it difficult to use distant reference points. Hence the reference points used to study the stability of the measuring position are located on the ground elements of the six-meter-deep concrete foundations, from which the steel arches are derived to support the roof covering (membrane) of the Forest Opera. The tacheometer used in the measurements is located in the glass body placed on a special platform attached to the steel arcs. Measurements of horizontal directions, vertical angles and distances can be additionally subject to errors caused by the laser beam penetration through the glass. Dynamic changes of weather conditions, including the temperature and pressure also have a significant impact on the value of measurement errors, and thus the accuracy of the final determinations represented by the relevant covariance matrices. The estimated coordinates of the reference points, controlled points and tacheometer along with the corresponding covariance matrices obtained from the calculations in the various epochs are used to determine the significance of acquired movements. In case of the stability of reference points, the algorithm assumes the ability to study changes in the position of tacheometer in time, on the basis of measurements performed on these points.
The ILs-assisted solvothermal synthesis of TiO2 spheres: the effect of ionic liquids on morphology and photoactivity of TiO2
- Marta Paszkiewicz
- Justyna Łuczak
- Wojciech Lisowski
- Paulina Patyk
- Adriana Zaleska-Medynska
2016 APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
Effect of the ionic liquid (IL) structure (chain length in the imidazolium cation) on morphology and photoactivity of TiO2 particles has been systematically investigated. The TiO2 microspheres have been successfully synthesized via facile solvothermal method assisted by ionic liquids, such as 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [BMIM][Cl] and 1-decyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride [DMIM][Cl] using tetra-tert-butyl orthotitanate (TBOT) as a TiO2 precursor. Surface properties were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray powder diffraction analysis (XRD), BET surface area measurement, elemental analysis (NCHS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic activity was investigated by means of phenol photodegradation in the aqueous phase as a model pollutant, as well as formation of hydroxyl radicals based on detection of fluorescent product of coumarine hydroxylation. Surface properties of TiO2 particles were correlated with the type and amount of IL used during preparation as well as with the photoactivity. Both mechanism of the TiO2 spheres formation in the presence of [BMIM][Cl] and [DMIM][Cl] likewise the mechanism of their photoexcitation were also discussed. It was found that both electrostatic stabilization as well as coordination by imidazolium cation was responsible for securing the growth of TiO2 spheres. The XPS data clearly revealed that the amount of carbon in the form of N-C=N species (imidazole-metal bound formed through C-2 carbon in imidazole ring) correspond well with the change of the photoactivity. The most active samples (phenol degradation rate: 5.9 mmol·dm-3·min-1) contained the highest amount of carbon in the form of N-C=N species (6.06 at.%) among all ILs-TiO2 samples.
The impact of addition of olive oil on thermal degradation of refined rapeseed oil
- Tomasz Majchrzak
- Anna Różańska
- Wojciech Wojnowski
- Tomasz Dymerski
- Jacek Namieśnik
2016
Fats are an important component of the everyday diet and have a significant impact on the proper functioning of human organism. However, during the process of frying chemical transformations take place in the oil; hence fats characterised by high oxidative stability should be given preference. The aim of this work was to determine the quality of rapeseed oil, blended oil, and refined olive oil, all sourced from the domestic market. Oxidative stability of oils was determined using the Rancimat test, and the degree of thermal degradation was estimated using ultra-fast gas chromatography. Based on the obtained results it was concluded, that the addition of olive oil improves the quality of rapeseed oil. Blended oil displays higher oxidative stability and a lower degree of thermal degradation as compared to rapeseed oil.
The Impact of Homogeneity of High Modulus Asphalt Concrete Layer on Low-Temperature Cracking
- Józef Judycki
- Piotr Jaskuła
- Bohdan Dołżycki
- Marek Pszczoła
- Mariusz Jaczewski
- Dawid Ryś
- Marcin Stienss
2016
During winter season of 2012 numerous transverse cracks developed in high-modulus asphalt concrete (HMAC) base of newly constructed motorway. Pavement cracked both in transverse joint locations and in the area between them. Research which was conducted during investigation of the causes and mechanisms of cracking consisted of: field examination, laboratory testing of specimens cored out of the existing pavement, computational analyses and effect of pavement homogeneity on transverse crack frequency. This paper focuses mainly on impact of homogeneity of asphalt layer on number of transverse cracks. The field investigation of analyzed motorway section includes visual assessment of homogeneity and number of cracks. Laboratory test conducted on specimen cored out of the pavement allowed to assess volumetric properties: binder content, voids content and compaction degree, and mechanical properties: indirect tensile stiffness modulus and strength. Analyses of HMAC layer properties revealed their impact on the number of transverse low-temperature cracks observed in field. It was found that a less effective compaction contributes to increase in the number of cracks. Quality and homogeneity of pavement courses have a considerable effect on mechanical properties of HMAC. As analysis showed, intensity of cracks is well correlated with mechanical properties and homogeneity of asphalt layer.
The impact of ICTs on women’s economic empowerment
- Dagmara Nikulin
2016
It is widely argued that ICTs enable the inclusion of low-skilled and traditionally marginalized groups, such as women, people with disabilities, and workers at the base of the pyramid (BoP), in the labor market. In this paper, we investigate the determinants of female participation in the labor market in developing countries with a focus on the impact of the use of ICTs on female labor force participation. We conduct a panel study analysis for 60 developing countries in the time period 2000–2014. Our results confirm that there is rather a positive impact from the use of ICTs on female labor force participation in developing countries. Moreover, we show that gross national income (GNI) per capita, fertility rates and income inequalities influence to some extent the level of women’s engagement in the labor market. Our results are robust against different control variables, as well as different ICT proxies.
The impact of material degradation on the resistance and reliability of truss structures
- Robert Ptaszek
- Jarosław Górski
- Karol Winkelmann
2016
The paper analyses limit load-carrying capacity and buckling load of truss towers used to support high voltage power lines. The analysed typical structure was subjected to characteristic loads and their combinations. The results were applied to assess structural resistance with regard to steel corrosion in the long-term operation. The extent of structural deterioration was assessed due to Young's modulus decrement in the course of material degradation. The resistance assessment was based on buckling analysis - material parameter variation of the groups of structural members and the corresponding decrement of buckling coefficient. The impact of foundation failure of a single support to the element stress and deflection was also analysed. The relevant computations were made taking into account the degradation of the support stiffness. The preliminary conclusions allow for a detailed reliability assessment and optimization of the tower.
The importance of CEFTA 2006 for Western Balkan countries
- Katarzyna Kubiszewska
- Katarzyna Choruży
2016
Free foreign trade is one of the most important issues all over the world. The impact of bilateral trade can be studied both from economic as well as political perspectives; when it improves economic development, it also creates the conditions for international stability. The aim of the article is to conduct a comparison of the changes to export trade flow in the Central European Free Trade Agreement 2006, with reference to countries of the Western Balkans in the period of 2005 - 2014. The CEFTA was a precondition for European integration, meant to prepare its members for mutual co-operation. The present study focuses on export trade and analyses of the undergone changes with reference to the value of bilateral trade, the structure of this trade by partners, exported products and the concentration rate. CEFTA 2006 improved the trade relations between Western Balkan countries and other countries in the world, especially EU members, in terms of the increase in the value of exports, the concentration of partners and the structure of exported products. The most popular countries with which CEFTA 2006 parties started to trade were Germany, Italy and Slovenia and the most common trade products were consumer and intermediate goods machines and metals. The achievements could have been even higher if the region had not been affected by the global economic crisis which reached the local economies through indirect channels, i.e. the less convenient credit policy run by foreign owners of local banks.
The Importance of Contextual Topology in the Process of Harmonization of the Spatial Databases on Example BDOT500
- Adam Inglot
- Krystyna Kozioł
2016 Full text
In this work, we present two detailed problems of topological errors in spatial database. Both issues are inconsistencies in the database, i.e. interior topological relationships layers of buildings and the relationship between the buildings layer and the layer of plots. That inconsistency is related to the residual polygons that arise as a result of overlapping objects, or gaps between objects. The occurrence of this type of error causes inconsistency in spatial databases. The authors present two algorithms indicating the elements of inconsistencies base.
The Indonesian economy in 2005: An analysis using the input-output approach
- Ubaidillah Zuhdi
2016
This study aims to analyze the economic conditions of Indonesia in 2005. This study employs Input-Output (IO) analysis as an analysis instrument. The data of this study is the Indonesian IO table for 2005. Thus, the Indonesian economy is represented by Indonesian industrial sectors mentioned in the data. There are nine industries used in the present study, namely (1) agriculture, livestock, forestry, and fishery, (2) mining and quarrying, (3) manufacturing industry, (4) electricity, gas, and water supply, (5) construction, (6) trade, hotel, and restaurant, (7) transport and communication, (8) financial, real estate, and business services, and (9) services. The results show that the manufacturing industry has great potency for the Indonesian economy. Thus, the government of Indonesia should focus on the development of the sector. The example of the development effort is to increase the final demand of government for the industry. The results also show that the services sector is an influential sector in terms of generating the new high household income on the Indonesian economy in the future. Therefore, the government of Indonesia should trigger the sector in order to achieve the objective. As with the previous recommendation, the additional final demand of government for the sector can be a promising action. On the other hand, the recommendation given by this study in order to improve the outputs of Indonesian industries is to restrict the import activities.
The Influence of Articular Cartilage Thickness Reduction on Meniscus Biomechanics
- Piotr Łuczkiewicz
- Karol Daszkiewicz
- Jacek Chróścielewski
- Wojciech Witkowski
- Pawel Winklewski
2016 Full text PLOS ONE
Objective Evaluation of the biomechanical interaction between meniscus and cartilage in medial compartment knee osteoarthritis. Methods The finite element method was used to simulate knee joint contact mechanics. Three knee models were created on the basis of knee geometry from the Open Knee project. We reduced the thickness of medial cartilages in the intact knee model by approximately 50% to obtain a medial knee osteoarthritis (OA) model. Two variants of medial knee OA model with congruent and incongruent contact surfaces were analysed to investigate the influence of congruency. A nonlinear static analysis for one compressive load case was performed. The focus of the study was the influence of cartilage degeneration on meniscal extrusion and the values of the contact forces and contact areas. Results In the model with incongruent contact surfaces, we observed maximal compressive stress on the tibial plateau. In this model, the value of medial meniscus external shift was 95.3% greater, while the contact area between the tibial cartilage and medial meniscus was 50% lower than in the congruent contact surfaces model. After the non-uniform reduction of cartilage thickness, the medial meniscus carried only 48.4% of load in the medial compartment in comparison to 71.2% in the healthy knee model. Conclusions We have shown that the change in articular cartilage geometry may significantly reduce the role of meniscus in load transmission and the contact area between the meniscus and cartilage. Additionally, medial knee OA may increase the risk of meniscal extrusion in the medial compartment of the knee joint.
The influence of biological environment on the silver-coated implants
- Beata Świeczko-Żurek
- Iwona Inkielewicz-Stępniak
- Karolina Sawicka
2016 International Journal of Sciences: Basic and Applied Research
This paper deals with implants covered with nanosilver