2019 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2019

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The use of various species of fungi in biofiltration of air contaminated with odorous volatile organic compounds
- Milena Gospodarek
- Piotr Rybarczyk
- Anna Brillowska-Dąbrowska
- Jacek Gębicki
2019 Full text E3S Web of Conferences
Air pollution with odorous compounds is a significant social and environmental problem. This paper presents biological deodorization methods. The attention is focused on the application of biotrickling filters for air deodorization. Principles of their operation are discussed, indicating the key role of the selection of microorganisms responsible for the degradation of odorous compounds. A literature overview of the used fungal species is presented and the advantages of using fungi in comparison with bacteria are indicated. The results of experimental studies on the n-butanol removal in biotrickling filter are presented.
The youth in polish legations and government
- Krystyna Gomółka
2019 Full text Regional Formation and Development Studies
Until the 2015 elections, youth policy in Poland was treated as a separate domain. There is no uniform legal basis concerned with the matters of young people. Youth rights are dealt with in several articles of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland as well as a number of Acts: on Public Administration Branches, on the Education System, on Higher Education, on Employment Promotion and Labour Market Institutions, on NFZ General Health Insurance, on Combating Domestic Violence, on Social Employment, on Public Benefit Organisations and Voluntary Service, along with the Labour Code and certain government regulations. The first consistent document concerned with youth issues was the National strategy for young people for 2003–2014, adopted in 2003. Thereafter, the matters of youth policy were discussed in the report entitled Youth 2011, the document Poland 2030 – Third Wave of Modernity, the Long-Term National Development Strategy, and the Government Program for Social Activity of Youth for the years 2015–2016. Following the 2015 parliamentary elections, youth issues were given a lower priority. In the election manifesto of PIS (Law and Justice party), much attention was devoted to family policy, with youth policy being regarded as part thereof. Consequently, on 13 February 2018, the Family, Senior and Social Policy Committee of the Senate of the Republic of Poland adopted a Resolution on “Integrated youth policy”, presenting it as one of the areas of family policy.
THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THIN-WALLED BEARING SHELL’S DESIGN PARAMETERS AND ASSEMBLY CONDITIONS ON THE HOLDING TORQUE INSIDE A HOUSING BORE OF A CONNECTING ROD
- Tomasz Żochowski
- Artur Olszewski
2019 Full text TRIBOLOGIA
The aim of the work was the experimental and theoretical evaluation of the inﬂuence of the most important parameters determining the holding torque of a thin-walled bearing shell inside a housing bore of a connecting rod. The main investigated parameters were defned by authors experience in this feld. In the frst stage of research, a special test stand was designed in order to allow measuring the real values of the friction torque for different variants of bearing shell geometries and assembly conditions, additionally analysing the inﬂuence of the locking lip. Subsequently, theoretical computer-assisted FEM simulations were performed.
Theoretical studies of fragmentation processes of neutral and ionized furan molecule
- Ewa Erdmann
2019 Full text
This PhD thesis focuses on the fragmentation mechanism of the furan molecule in the gas phase. The approach taken in this work comprised of three theoretical methodologies considering the dynamical, energetical and entropic aspects of the studied process. First, molecular dynamics simulations were performed. Next, the potential energy surfaces were explored at the DFT/B3LYP level of theory. Finally, a new statistical Microcanonical Metropolis Monte Carlo method was employed. In this work it has been concluded that the fragmentation mechanism differs depending on the ionization state of the molecule. Decomposition mechanism of the neutral molecule required hydrogen transfer before the fragmentation. Exploration of the potential energy surface of the singly ionized furan confirmed that cleavage of the C-O bond is the first step of the fragmentation process. Obtained results were compared with experimental measurements. Analogies between calculated energy barrier heights and measured Appearance Energies confirmed the most probable fragmentation mechanisms. Next important result of this work relied on calculation of the energy deposition functions by fitting the experimental mass spectra and the theoretical breakdown curves.
Theory of recognition in a historical perspective. Axel Honneth's Anerkennung: Eine europäische Ideengeschichte
- Andrzej Karalus
2019 Full text Archiwum Historii Filozofii i Myśli Społecznej
The article discusses Honneth excursion into the realm of the history of ideas. This time Honneth decides to laser it on the notion of "recognition" in three different cultural areas and three different traditions: French, English, and German. The article discusses Honneth's persepctive and attempts at finding the common thread that would link three aforementioned traditions.
Therapeutic Potential of Multifunctional Tacrine Analogues
- Maja Przybyłowska
- Kowalski Szymon
- Krystyna Dzierzbicka
- Iwona Inkielewicz-Stępniak
2019 Full text Current Neuropharmacology
Tacrine is a potent inhibitor of cholinesterases (acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase) that shows limiting clinical application by liver toxicity. In spite of this, analogues of tacrine are considered as a model inhibitor of cholinesterases in the therapy of Alzheimer’s disease. The interest in these compounds is mainly related to a high variety of their structure and biological properties. In the present review, we have described the role of cholinergic transmission and treatment strategies in Alzheimer’s disease as well as the synthesis and biological activity of several recently developed classes of multifunctional tacrine analogues and hybrids, which consist of a new paradigm to treat Alzheimer’s disease. We have also reported potential of these analogues in the treatment of Alzheimer’s diseases in various experimental systems.
Thermal and economic investigation of straight and U-bend double tube heat exchanger with coiled wire turbulator
- Rafał Andrzejczyk
- Tomasz Muszyński
2019 Full text Archives of Thermodynamics
Experimental research has been carried out for four individual heat exchanger constructions, i.e., plain double tube, turbulized double tube, plain U-bend and U-bend with turbulator. Tests were made for the water-water system. The study covered a wide measuring range, i.e., Re = 800–9000 – on the shell side, for a constant cold water temperature of 9 ◦C and hot water of 50 ◦C. The heat exchangers were made from copper tubes with external diameter of 10 mm and 18 mm respectively and wall thickness of 1 mm. The helicoidal vortex generator was made from brass wire with a diameter of 2.4 mm, coil diameter of 13 mm and pitch of 11 mm. For these geometries, the values of pressure drop, heat flux and heat transfer coefficient were determined. Wire coil turbulator increased the heat transfer coefficient (HTC) over 100% and pressure drop up by 100%. The comparison of heat transfer efficiency was performed based on the number of transfer units-effectivenes (NTU-ε) method. The modified construction achieved a similar efficiency. Economic analysis of wire coil turbulator was made to validate its use in the system. It showed that a coiled wire turbulator can greatly decrease the investment cost of the double tube heat exchanger while maintaining transferred heat at a constant level.
Thermal and technological aspects of double face grinding of Al2O3 ceramic materials
- Mariusz Deja
- Michael List
- Linus Lichtschlag
- Eckart Uhlmann
2019 Full text CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
Double face grinding with planetary kinematics is a process to manufacture workpieces with plan parallel functional surfaces, such as bearing rings or sealing shims. In order to increase the economic efficiency of this process, it has to be advanced permanently. The temperature in the contact zone of most grinding processes has a huge influence on the process efficiency and the workpiece qualities. In contrast to most grinding processes these influences are unknown in double face grinding with planetary kinematics. The application of standard measuring equipment is only possible with high effort due to the inaccessibility of the working space during the machining process. Furthermore, measurement of the workpieces temperature in the considered machining system is not reported. Due to that fact, the intensive cooling has so far been the only method to avoid the occurrence of thermal defects especially in case of brittle ceramic materials. The influence of the mean cutting speed, the tools’ cutting performance and the coolant flow on the temperature change of the workpieces made of Al2O3 ceramic materials was investigated with the use of a newly developed method. The first empirical approach to predict the change in temperature of the ceramic workpieces while processing is proposed. The developed measuring method can be used for obtaining experimental temperature data in other processes, such as polishing and lapping for which only theoretical models exist.
Thermal decomposition kinetics of dynamically vulcanized polyamide 6-acrylonitrile butadiene rubber-halloysite nanotube nanocomposites
- Seyed Paran
- Henri Vahabi
- Maryam Jouyandeh
- Franck Ducos
- Krzysztof Formela
- Mohammad Saeb
2019 JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
Thermally stable thermoplastic elastomer nanocomposites based on polyamide 6 (PA6), acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR), and halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) were dynamically vulcanized, and their nonisothermal decomposition kinetics were examined. The Friedman, Kissinger–Akahira–Sunose (KAS), Ozawa–Wall–Flynn (FWO), and modified Coats–Redfern (m‐CR) isoconversional models were used to obtain information about the kinetics of the thermal decomposition of PA6–NBR–HNTs in terms of the activation energy per partial mass loss monitored through thermogravimetric analyses performed at different heating rates. An erratic trend was due to the Friedman model, especially for systems having higher HNT loadings, whereas the KAS, FWO, and m‐CR models revealed very similar meaningful thermal decomposition kinetics. A relatively high activation energy corroborating a reliable thermal stability was obtained by the addition of HNTs to PA6–NBR, and the resistance against decomposition was higher for systems containing more HNT. This signified the role of the HNTs as thermal stability modifiers
Thermal efficiency investigations on the self-ignition test engine fed with marine low sulfur diesel fuels
- Zbigniew Korczewski
2019 Full text Combustion Engines
Within the article an issues of implementing the new kinds of marine diesel fuels into ships’ operation was described taking into ac-count restrictions on the permissible sulphur content introduced by the International Maritime Organization. This is a new situation for ship owners and fuel producers, which forces the necessity to carry out laboratory research tests on especially adapted engine stands. How to elaborate the method enabling quality assessment of the self-ignition engine performance, considered in three categories: ener-gy, emission and reliability, represents the key issue of the organization of such research. In the field of energy research, it is necessary to know the thermal efficiency of the engine as the basic comparative parameter applied in diagnostic analyzes and syntheses of sequen-tially tested marine diesel fuels. This type of scientific research has been worked out for two years in the Department of Marine and Land Power Plants of the Gdańsk University of Technology, as a part of the statutory activities conducted in cooperation with the Regional Fund for Environmental Protection in Gdansk and the LOTOS Group oil company. This article presents the algorithm and results of thermal efficiency calculations of the Farymann Diesel D10 test engine in the con-ditions of feeding with various low-sulfur marine diesel fuels: distillation and residual fuels. This parameters stands for one of ten diag-nostic measures of the ranking of energy and emission quality of newly manufactured marine diesel fuels being built at the Department.
Thermal, electrical, and magnetic properties of Fe2O3–PbO–SiO2 glass prepared by traditional melt-quenching and twin roller fast-cooling methods
- Ariel Lenarciak
- Natalia Anna Wójcik
- Piotr Kupracz
- Judyta Strychalska-Nowak
- Zuzanna Sobczak
- Marta Prześniak-Welenc
- Jakub Karczewski
- Ryszard Jan Barczyński
2019 Full text JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
In this study, Fe–Pb–Si oxide glasses containing between 12.5 and 17.5 mol% Fe2O3 were prepared using two different methods comprising traditional melt-quenching and twin roller fast-cooling techniques. The topography and structure of the materials obtained were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. All of the materials were found to be amorphous. The topography of most of the glasses comprised random or evenly distributed nanostructures, where the size and amount were dependent on the iron content and preparation technique. The thermal properties of the glasses were analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry, which showed that the glass transition temperatures varied between 529 °C and 552 °C. The electric conductivity and magnetic susceptibility of the glasses were analyzed by impedance spectroscopy and with an alternating current magnetic properties measurement system, respectively. The measurements of the electrical properties indicated a relatively low activation energy for direct current conductivity (∼0.5–0.68 eV), which is typical of the polaron hopping mechanism. All of the materials exhibited magnetic hysteresis loops and they were ferromagnetic.
Thermal sequences database of the skin flaps in breast reconstruction and burns
- Mateusz Moderhak
- Mariusz Kaczmarek
2019
This paper presents a database of Active Dynamic Thermography (ADT) thermal sequences gathered throughout 6 year study on ADT application in skin flap blood perfusion monitoring and burn wounds diagnosis. For skin flap monitoring the database comprises of data collected during three different breast reconstruction procedures. The patients were monitored pre, intra and post surgically within 90 days period. The sequences were used in skin flap parametric imaging aimed at reducing complications and improving flap perfusion. For burns investigation patients were monitored following an accident, at the 3-rd day and 21 days after.
Thermal sequences database of the skin flaps in breast reconstruction and burns
- Mateusz Moderhak
- Mariusz Kaczmarek
2019 Full text Measurement Automation Monitoring
This paper presents a database of Active Dynamic Thermography (ADT) thermal sequences gathered throughout 6 year study on ADT application in skin flap blood perfusion monitoring and burn wounds diagnosis. For skin flap monitoring the database comprises of data collected during three different breast reconstruction procedures. The patients were monitored pre, intra and post surgically within 90 days period. The sequences were used in skin flap parametric imaging aimed at reducing complications and improving flap perfusion. For burns investigation patients were monitored following an accident, at the 3-rd day and 21 days after.
Thermal utilization of meat and bone meals. Performance analysis in terms of drying process, pyrolysis and kinetics of volatiles combustion
- Marcin Kantorek
- Krzysztof Jesionek
- Sylwia Polesek-Karczewska
- Paweł Ziółkowski
- Janusz Badur
2019 FUEL
A development of technology of thermal utilization requires a thorough knowledge of the physicochemical properties, as well as kinetics of combustion of volatiles and char. Due to waste management regulations the meat and bone meal (MBM) is regarded as biofuel constituting one of the alternatives to fossil fuels in the energy market. MBM is a heterogeneous material that may consist of several different fractions. The extensive analysis of issues related to its thermal conversion, including moisture evaporation, pyrolysis and gas burning, is reported in the paper. The samples derived from fallen animals which have undergone thermal decomposition in the plant of Jezuicka Struga S.A. (Poland) were examined. The research was carried out using a unique test stand. The study of drying process showed that the results for various samples differ to a great extent. It was observed that the time of drying process is proportional to the moisture content. Pyrolysis, being a thermal treatment itself, as the first step in gasification processes needs to be evaluated as a potential source of energy recovery from meat-and-bone meal. The conversion of animal waste by pyrolysis into fuels can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases. A series of laboratory tests were performed prior to establishing the best pyrolysis conditions. The paper also deals with research on the gas phase kinetics, which is the main core of a proceeding in the case of utilization process. The obtained test results allowed to determine the mass burning rates that are defined by kinetic constants in the Arrhenius equation.
Thermal-Hydraulic Studies on the Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchanger with Minijets
- Jan Wajs
- Michał Bajor
- Dariusz Mikielewicz
2019 Full text ENERGIES
In this paper a patented design of a heat exchanger with minijets, with a cylindrical construction is presented. It is followed by the results of its systematic experimental investigations in the single-phase convection heat transfer mode. Based on these results, validation of selected correlations (coming from the literature) describing the Nusselt number was carried out. An assessment of the heat exchange intensification level in the described heat exchanger was done through the comparison with a shell-and-tube exchanger of a classical design. The thermal-hydraulic characteristics of both units were the subjects of comparison. They were constructed for the identical thermal conditions, i.e., volumetric flow rates of the working media and the media temperatures at the inlets to the heat exchanger. The experimental studies of both heat exchangers were conducted on the same test facility. An increase in the heat transfer coefficients values for the minijets heat exchanger was observed in comparison with the reference one, whereas the generated minijets caused greater hydraulic resistance. Experimentally confirmed intensification of heat transfer on the air side, makes the proposed minijets heat exchanger application more attractive, for the waste heat utilization systems from gas sources.
Thermodynamic analysis of the Compressed Air Energy Storage system coupled with the Underground Thermal Energy Storage
- Rafał Hyrzyński
- Paweł Ziółkowski
- Sylwia Gotzman
- Bartosz Kraszewski
- Janusz Badur
2019 Full text E3S Web of Conferences
Improvement of flexibility is one of the key challenges for the transformation of the Polish Power System aiming at a high share of renewable energy in electricity generation. Flexible and dispatchable power plants will contribute to this ongoing transformation process as they compensate for fluctuations in electricity generation from renewable energy sources such as wind and photovoltaics. In this context, CAES storage tanks are currently the only alternative to storage facilities using pumped-storage hydroelectricity due to the possibility of obtaining the appropriate energy capacity of the storage facility. However, a relative disadvantage of these plants is the heat loss caused by the cooling of the air after compression. The basic elements of the CAES warehouse are: an air compression station, a compressed air reservoir that is also a storage facility (in the existing solutions, these are underground caverns), an expansion station with combustion chambers and gas turbines, and a generator. A key aspect of CAES is the optimal configuration of the thermodynamic cycle. In this paper, the situation of cooperation between the current conventional power plants and wind farms is first analysed, and then, based on thermodynamic models, the process of storing thermal and electrical energy in the CAES system coupled with heat recovery after the gas turbine is analysed. A solution with a ground heat exchanger was also proposed, as the soil, due to its properties, may serve as a thermal energy storage. The paper also analyzes the discharge of the heat storage based on CFD approaches. The ground can be charged during the cooling down of the compressed air. On the other hand, thermal energy was recovered when water flowing to the heat customers was heated. On the basis of non-stationary calculations, the heat stream received from the underground thermal energy storage was estimated.
Thermodynamic Cycle Concepts for High-Efficiency Power Plans. Part A: Public Power Plants 60+
- Krzysztof Kosowski
- Karol Tucki
- Marian Piwowarski
- Robert Stępień
- Olga Orynycz
- Wojciech Włodarski
- Anna Bączyk
2019 Full text Sustainability
An analysis was carried out for different thermodynamic cycles of power plants with air turbines. Variants with regeneration and different cogeneration systems were considered. In the paper, we propose a new modification of a gas turbine cycle with the combustion chamber at the turbine outlet. A special air by-pass system of the combustor was applied and, in this way, the efficiency of the turbine cycle was increased by a few points. The proposed cycle equipped with a regenerator can provide higher efficiency than a classical gas turbine cycle with a regenerator. The best arrangements of combined air–steam cycles achieved very high values for overall cycle efficiency—that is, higher than 60%. An increase in efficiency to such degree would decrease fuel consumption, contribute to the mitigation of carbon dioxide emissions, and strengthen the sustainability of the region served by the power plant. This increase in efficiency might also contribute to the economic resilience of the area.
Thermodynamic Cycle Concepts for High-Efficiency Power Plants. Part B: Prosumer and Distributed Power Industry
- Krzysztof Kosowski
- Karol Tucki
- Marian Piwowarski
- Robert Stępień
- Olga Orynycz
- Wojciech Włodarski
2019 Full text Sustainability
An analysis was carried out for different thermodynamic cycles of power plants with air turbines. A new modification of a gas turbine cycle with the combustion chamber at the turbine outlet has been described in the paper. A special air by-pass system of the combustor was applied, and in this way, the efficiency of the turbine cycle was increased by a few points. The proposed cycle equipped with an effective heat exchanger could have an efficiency higher than a classical gas turbine cycle with a regenerator. Appropriate cycle and turbine calculations were performed for micro power plants with turbine output in the range of 10–50 kW. The best arrangements achieved very high values of overall cycle efficiency, 35%–39%. Such turbines could also work in cogeneration and trigeneration arrangements, using various fuels such as liquids, gaseous fuels, wastes, coal, or biogas. Innovative technology in connection with ecology and the failure-free operation of the power plant strongly suggests the application of such devices at relatively small generating units (e.g., “prosumers” such as home farms and individual enterprises), assuring their independence from the main energy providers. Such solutions are in agreement with the politics of sustainable development.
Thermodynamic interpretation and prediction of CO2 solubility in imidazolium ionic liquids based on regular solution theory
- Bartosz Dębski
- Andreas Hänel
- Robert Aranowski
- Stefan Stolte
- Marta Markiewicz
- Thomas Veltzke
- Iwona Cichowska-Kopczyńska
2019 JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
Regular solution theory (RST) is the most popular model for the interpretation of the interaction between CO2 and ionic liquids. In the present work, the parameters of this model were determined for the CO2 absorption in eleven imidazolium ionic liquids. The y-intercept (A) of the RST model for the investigated imidazolium liquids increases with increasing temperature whereas the slope (B) remains constant. The values of RST parameters strongly depend on the Hildebrand parameters of the ionic liquids. It has been shown that ionic liquids surface tension and molar volume are the decisive parameters. The influence of the type of fluorinated anion and the length of the alkyl substituent on the solubility of CO2 was investigated. The dispersion of charge and the free space between the ions are key parameters determining the gas dissolution. The partial molar entropy and enthalpy of solvation were determined using a modified temperature dependent function of Henry's constant. It has been shown, that determination coefficient of the Henry's relation has to be larger than 0.9999 in order to estimate heat of salvation reliably. The molar enthalpy of solvation ranged from −11.6 to −14.7 kJ mol−1 at 298 K. Moreover, it is proposed that the entropy is composed of two parts, which explains the decrease in system order along with the elongation of the alkyl chain of the imidazolium substituent. Thus, the decrease of the gas condensation entropy component explains the increase of the partial molar entropy of solvation with temperature. It was shown that the molar volume of theoretically liquefied CO2 in the ionic liquid is lower than the actual value.
Thermodynamic modeling of combustion process of the internal combustion engines – an overview
- Denys Stepanenko
- Zbigniew Kneba
2019 Full text Combustion Engines
The mathematical description of combustion process in the internal combustion engines is a very difficult task, due to the variety of phenomena that occurring in the engine from the moment when the fuel-air mixture ignites up to the moment when intake and exhaust valves beginning open. Modeling of the combustion process plays an important role in the engine simulation, which allows to predict incylinder pressure during the combustion, engine performance and environmental impact with high accuracy. The toxic emissions, which appears as a result of fuels combustion, are one of the main environmental problem and as a result the air pollutant regulations are increasingly stringent, what makes the investigation of the combustion process to be a relevant task.