2022 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2022

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Urinary Tract Infections Caused by K. pneumoniae in Kidney Transplant Recipients – Epidemiology, Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance
- Beata Krawczyk
- Magdalena Wysocka
- Michał Michalik
- Justyna Gołębiewska
2022 Full text FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
Urinary tract infections are the most common complication in kidney transplant recipients, possibly resulting in the deterioration of a long-term kidney allograft function and an increased risk of recipient’s death. K. pneumoniae has emerged as one of the most prevalent etiologic agents in the context of recurrent urinary tract infections, especially with multidrug resistant strains. This paper discusses the epidemiology and risk factors associated with urinary tract infections in kidney transplant recipients, multi-drug resistance of K. pneumoniae (ESBL, KPC, NDM), treatment and pathogenesis of K. pneumoniae infections, and possible causes of recurrent UTIs. It also addresses the issue of colonization/becoming a carrier of K. pneumoniae in the gastrointestinal tract and asymptomatic bacteriuria in relation to a symptomatic UTI development and epidemiology.
Use of a wastewater recovery product (struvite) to enhance subtropical seagrass restoration
- Conor Macdonnell
- Franciszek Bydałek
- T. Z. Osborne
- A. Beard
- S. Barbour
- D. Leonard
- Jacek Mąkinia
- P.w. Inglett
2022 Full text SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Seagrasses are in decline worldwide, and their restoration is relatively expensive and unsuccessful compared to other coastal systems. Fertilization can improve seagrass growth in restoration but can also release nutrients and pollute the surrounding ecosystem. A slow-release fertilizer may reduce excessive nutrient discharge while still providing resources to the seagrass's rhizosphere. In this study, struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate), a relatively insoluble, sustainable compound harvested in wastewater treatment plants, was compared to Osmocote™ (14:14:14 Nitrogen: Phosphorus: Potassium, N:P:K), a popular polymer coated controlled release fertilizer commonly used in seagrass restoration. Two experiments compared the effectiveness of both fertilizers in a subtropical flow-through mesocosm setup. In the first experiment, single 0.5 mg of P per g dry weight (DW) doses of Osmocote™ and struvite fertilizers were added to seagrass plots. Seagrass shoot counts were significantly higher in plots fertilized with struvite than both the Osmocote™ and unfertilized controls (p < 0.0001). A significant difference in total P concentrations was observed in porewater samples of Osmocote™ vs struvite and controls (p < 0.0001), with struvite fertilized plots emitting more than controls (p ≤ 0.0001), but less than 2% of the total dissolved P (TDP) of Osmocote™ fertilized plots (100+ mg/L versus x > 5 mg/L). A subsequent experiment, using smaller doses (0.01 and 0.025 mg of P per gram DW added), also found that the struvite treatments performed better than Osmocote™, with 16–114% more aboveground biomass (10–60% higher total biomass) while releasing less N and P. These results indicate the relatively rapid dissolution of Osmocote™ may pose problems to restoration efforts, especially in concentrated doses and possibly leading to seagrass stress. In contrast, struvite may function as a slow-release fertilizer applicable in seagrass and other coastal restoration efforts.
Use of structural equation modeling in quantitative research in the field of management and economics: A bibliometric analysis in the systematic literature review
- Agnieszka Zakrzewska-Bielawska
- Anna Lis
- Anna Ujwary-Gil
2022 Full text Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Innovation
PURPOSE: This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of scholarly research focusing on using quantitative methods and particularly structural equation modeling (SEM) in management and economics studies, as well as provide a bibliometric agenda including the time horizon of individual publications, the highest citation rate, geographic and industry areas, methodological context, and keywords. METHODOLOGY: A systematic literature review (SLR) was undertaken using the Web of Science and Scopus databases. We limited our search to the last five years to identify the newest research publications, and we used keywords related to quantitative research while excluding qualitative research. Then we analyzed papers related to SEM and those published in English. FINDINGS: Our results confirmed that quantitative methods are used both in management and economics research, and showed a growing trend in the number of publications in the last five years. However, there are many more publications on management than on economics as well as there are more papers published in the Scopus database than Web of Science. Taking into account structural equation modeling, this method is used primarily in management research. In terms of industry, publications using SEM considered both single- and multi-industry including, first, all Asian countries and then African ones. Publications, especially in the management field, are descriptive in nature and based on primary data collected using a survey questionnaire. Papers are published in various journals and the most cited are those published in journals with wider subject areas. IMPLICATIONS: The systematic literature review is a fundamental necessity in any field of knowledge, benefiting both academia and learners. Our results may be useful for future researchers planning research using quantitative methods, especially SEM, in the business or economic field, by indicating the most cited papers and journals as well as industry and country areas. ORIGINALITY AND VALUE: This paper represents a systematic attempt to link quantitative methods, with a particular emphasis on SEM, with research interests on managerial and economic subjects and papers published in the Web of Science and Scopus databases. Employing the bibliometric analysis within the systematic literature review, the paper shows interest and the current state of research using quantitative methods which proves its value and originality.
User Mobility’s Influence on System Loss in Off-Body BAN Scenarios
- Manuel M. Ferreira
- Filipe D. Cardoso
- Luis M. Correia
- Sławomir Ambroziak
- Kenan Turbić
2022
In this paper, a measurement campaign for off-body communications in an indoor environment is investigated for a set of on-body antennas. The channel impulse response was measured with the user approaching and departing from an off-body fixed antenna using two user dynamics: standing at fixed positions and walking. The processing of the measurement data allowed to evaluate system loss statistics. Different antenna configurations are classified in terms of mobility and visibility depending on on-body antenna placements. A dependence on distance is found for the antennas with the lowest mobility (chest and head), while no significant dependence is found for the antennas with highest mobility (arm and leg). Regarding the standard deviation for system loss, higher values are found in the walking scenarios (above 2.6 dB) compared to the standing ones (below 0.6 dB). Standard deviation also shows a clear dependence on mobility: 1.6 dB for walking and 0.5 dB for standing scenarios.
User-assisted methodology targeted for building structure interpretable QSPR models for boosting CO2 capture with ionic liquids
- Joachim Eichenlaub
- Paulina Rakowska
- Adam Kloskowski
2022 JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
Task-specific ionic liquid (IL) is an emerging class of compounds that may be environmentally friendly. Properly selected, these compounds may be green alternative to amine solutions and can replace them in post-combustion carbon dioxide (CO2) capture processes on an industrial scale. However, owing to the vast diversity of ions and their possible combinations, laboratory research is time consuming and expensive. Therefore, computational methods are preferred for assessing their potential applications. In this study, three quantitative structure–property relationship models based on six distinct descriptors were created to predict Henry’s law constant (HLC) of CO2 in 62 ILs. The statistical parameters of multiple linear regression, logistic regression, and partial least squares models were satisfactory. In all cases, the coefficients of determination (R2) exceeded 0,90, and both external and internal validation proved them to be reliable and predictive with Q2 and Rpred2 values exceeding 0,90 and 0,87, respectively. Three of the descriptors were attributed to cations, and three were attributed to anions. In contrast to many other models, the descriptors were chosen in a manner that ensured their interpretability. Each of the six descriptors was analyzed for its influence on HLC. On this basis, guidelines for designing the structure of ionic liquids with increased CO2 absorption capacity were developed.
Using Convolutional Neural Networks for Corneal Arcus Detection Towards Familial Hypercholesterolemia Screening
- Tomasz Kocejko
- Jacek Rumiński
- Magdalena Mazur-Milecka
- Marzena Romanowska-Kocejko
- Krzysztof Chlebus
- Jo Kang-Hyun
2022 Full text Journal of King Saud University-Computer and Information Sciences
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a highly undiagnosed disease. Among FH patients, the onset of premature coronary artery disease is 13 times higher than in the general population. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to prevent cardiovascular diseases and their complications, and to prolong life. One of the clinical criteria of FH is the occurrence of a corneal arcus (CA) among patients, especially those under 45 years old. Therefore, by detecting a CA, it might be possible to reduce the number of undiagnosed FH cases. In this paper, we propose using convolutional neural networks (CNN) for automatic recognition of the presence of a corneal arcus. To achieve this goal, we created a dataset of images of irises containing different stages of CA as well as irises without a CA. The core of the dataset consists of images acquired from patients with a corneal arcus, enroled in the National Centre of Familial Hypercholesterolemia in Gdansk. To increase the number of images, the dataset was complemented with images downloaded from the Internet. This dataset created for training and testing the model consisted of nearly 4000 images. To detect a CA in photographic images, we tested neural network models based on the VGG16, ResNet and Inception architectures. Finally, the performance of the models was evaluated on a set of images acquired from volunteers with a custom mobile application. The accuracy of CA detection in a real life scenario was 88% and the F1 score was 86%
Using differential pressure sensor to measure nitrous oxide level in a tank
- Mateusz Czapski
- Wiktor Lachowski
- Natalia Balogh
- Wojciech Deszczyński
- Krzysztof Hucik
- Wiktor Sieklicki
2022 Full text
A method for measuring the level of liquid nitrous oxide oxidizer in a hybrid rocket motor oxidizer tank is proposed. Presented approach is more accurate than the most commonly used method of this measurement, which employs weighting of the whole sounding rocket or an oxidizer tank. In our solution we use a differential pressure sensor to measure the change of pressure at the bottom of an oxidizer tank in comparison to the pressure of the gas phase above the liquid. Due to usage of a relatively short oxidizer tank, with height of 900 mm, and density of nitrous oxide being smaller than water, at 786.6 kg m3 , measured pressure differences are small, which requires high resolution of the sensor. Our system was prepared to work in a hybrid rocket motor of SimLE student organisation from Gdansk University of Technology (Gdansk, Poland). Developed propulsion system is designed to allow a sounding rocket with 4 kg of payload to accurately reach a flight altitude of 3000 m. The reason for accurate calculation of oxidizer amount in a tank is precise altitude planning for a sounding rocket launch which does not employ any active aerobraking system. For this flight strategy, accurate measurement of engine parameters is crucial. The described system is theoretically able to measure liquid level with a 5 mm resolution, which corresponds to roughly 50 g of nitrous oxide in the tank. Other approach, using a load cell, showed measurement resolution of 100 g of weight difference. This method was susceptible to hysteresis due to friction and other external conditions on a launch rail. Preliminary results from hybrid rocket engine tests are presented along with perspective for further method improvement.
Using Disparity Map for Moving Object Position Estimation in Pan Tilt Camera Images
- Tomasz Kocejko
- Jacek Rumiński
- Jo Kang-Hyun
2022
In this paper we present the algorithm for rapid moving object position estimation in an images acquired from pan tilt camera. Detection of a moving object in a image acquired from a moving camera might be quite challenging. Standard methods that relay on analyzing two consecutive frames are not applicable due to the changing background. To overtake this problem we decided to evaluate the possibility of calculating a disparity map based on this consecutive images. As a result we were able to obtain approximate position of moving object in real time. Using cpu the average detection time was below 0.17 second.
Using Long-Short term Memory networks with Genetic Algorithm to predict engine condition
- Semra Erpolat Tasabat
- Olgun Aydin
2022 Gazi University Journal of Science
Predictive maintenance (PdM) is a type of approach for maintenance processes, allowing maintenance actions to be managed depending on the machine's current condition. Maintenance is therefore carried out before failures occur. The approach doesn’t only help avoid abrupt failures but also helps lower maintenance cost and provides possibilities to manufacturers to manage maintenance budgets in a more efficient way. A new deep neural network (DNN) architecture proposed in this study intends to bring a different approach to the predictive maintenance domain. There is an input layer in this architecture, a Long-Short term memory (LSTM) layer, a dropout layer (DO) followed by an LSTM layer, a hidden layer, and an output layer. The number of epochs used in the architecture and the batch size was determined using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). The activation function used after the output layer, DO ratio, and optimization algorithm optimizes loss function determined by using grid search (GS). This approach brings a different perspective to the literature for finding optimum parameters of LSTM. The neural network and hyperparameter optimization approach proposed in this study performs much better than existent studies regarding LSTM network usage for predictive maintenance purposes
Using Minimum Actuators to Control Shape and Stress of a Double Layer Spherical Model Under Gravity and Lateral Loadings
- Najmadeen Saeed
- Javad Katebi
- Ahmed Manguri
- Aram Mahmood
- Marcin Szczepanski
- Robert Jankowski
2022 Full text Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal
Spherical domes are picturesque structures built in developed countries to attract tourists. Due to horizontal and vertical overloading, the structures’ attractive shapes may be disturbed, and some members' stress may exceed the elastic level. In this paper, the shape and stress of a deformed double-layer spherical numerical model due to simultaneous lateral and vertical loadings are controlled, meanwhile, the number of actuators to alter the length of active members is minimized. The nodal displacements of the outer shape of the numerical model of the double-layer spherical structure are nullified. In addition, the stress of the members of the structure was monitored to stay within the elastic level. Moreover, the number of used actuators was minimized. These objectives are done by subjecting controlling formulations to a function that finds the minimum of constrained nonlinear multivariable which is called fmincon. The defined function in MATLAB uses one of the optimization algorithms (sequential quadratic programming, interior point, trust-region reflective, and active set). The algorithms search for active members that have a significant influence in controlling the targeted joints and members. Furthermore, the algorithms exclude the inactive actuators in several loops. The results obtained from MATLAB program are validated by SAP2000 software.
Using Synchronously Registered Biosignals Dataset for Teaching Basics of Medical Data Analysis – Case Study
- Tomasz Kocejko
2022 Full text
Medical data analysis and processing strongly relies on the data quality itself. The correct data registration allows many unnecessary steps in data processing to be avoided. Moreover, it takes a certain amount of experience to acquire data that can produce replicable results. Because consistency is crucial in the teaching process, students have access to pre-recorded real data without the necessity of using additional equipment for data acquisition. The analyzed sample dataset consists of raw signals of ECG, Body Impedance and Body temperature recorded synchronously in laboratory conditions. The data are sampled with 250Hz sampling frequency and are framed in blocks. Students gain a chance to acquire, exchange and process the medical data in simulated conditions. Pre-recording data provides the opportunity to teach certain techniques that can be used in real life scenarios but in a control replicable environment.
Validated GC–MS method for determination of bisphenol a and its five analogues in dietary and nutritional supplements
- Katarzyna Owczarek
- Emilia Waraksa
- Ewa Kłodzińska
- Yaroslav Zrobok
- Mariusz Ozimek
- Dominik Rachoń
- Błażej Kudłak
- Andrzej Wasik
- Zofia Mazerska
2022 MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues showing structural and functional similarity to BPA are commonly applied in various industrial applications and thus are becoming ubiquitous in the environment. At the same time there is increasing scientific evidence that exposure to these chemicals may lead to adverse health effects in human and wildlife. In recent years dietary and nutritional supplements dedicated for athletes have become more popular and are widely used even by people who are not professionals. This study presents the development, optimization and validation of an analytical procedure for determination of six bisphenol analogues in dietary supplements using gas chromatography – mass spectrometry technique. All validation parameters met the established acceptance criteria in accordance with international guidelines.
Validating the Rules of Government Automation
- Elsa Estevez
- Tomasz Janowski
- David Benjamin Roseth
2022
There is growing evidence on the benefits and risks of government automation, and how should government organizations proceed with automation when the benefits outweigh the risks. This evidence was recently consolidated into the "rules of government automation", part of the project funded by the Inter-American Development Bank. The project uncovered that the combined nature of government work and its transformation into digital government create many opportunities for automation. However, such opportunities can be only realized when the right automation technology becomes available and when government organizations are willing, capable, and authorized to introduce it, considering the impact on the organization and its stakeholders and the balance of benefits and risks brought about by this impact. The aim of the workshop is to validate the above “rules of government automation”. To this end, the participants will bring to the workshop their own government automation cases, from practice or research, establish thorough inspection and guided reasoning whether the rules hold for their cases, refine them otherwise, and iteratively agree on the refined rules across all cases. The workshop will also initiate the planning of a special issue of Government Information Quarterly to advance the theory and practice of government automation.
VALUATION OF EMBEDDED OPTIONS IN NON-MARKETABLE CALLABLE BONDS: A NEW NUMERICAL APPROACH
- Roman Skalický
- Marek Zinecker
- Adam P. Balcerzak
- Michał Pietrzak
- Elżbieta Rogalska
2022 Full text Technological and Economic Development of Economy
The issue of how to price options embedded in callable bonds has attracted a lot of interest over the years. The usual bond valuation methods rely on yield curves, risk premium, and other parameters to estimate interest rates used in discounted cash flow calculations. The option to retire the bond is, however, neglected in the standard pricing models, causing a systematic overvaluation of callable bonds. In the event of a decline in interest rates, investors are exposed to the risk of a lower return on investment than indicated by the yield to maturity. We propose a novel approach to valuing the risk that the issuer will use the right to buy back the bond at a specific call price. While prior models are focused on valuing marketable callable bonds, we deliver a unique approach to valuing bonds with an embedded European option (or a multiple option) that are traded solely through private transactions. These can typically be characterized by the lack of historical records on transaction prices. The modular character of calculation we propose allows us to take into account additional information, such as probable behaviour of the issuer, available opportunities for achieving alternative earnings or different estimates in terms of interest rate development.
Variations in host surfaces morphology and biology of ciliate epibionts explaining distribution pattern of epibionts in the invasive signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana, 1852)
- A. Dobrzycka‐Krahel
- L. Rolbiecki
- Jakub Karczewski
- Marcin Skóra
2022 JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
ciliates on the signal crayfish Pacifastacus leniusculus in relation to specialized structures of the host’s exoskeleton for the first time. This species is known to maintain a relatively clean carapace, but it is sometimes overgrown by other organisms. Epibionts cover different parts of the signal crayfish body, mainly antennae, antennules, maxillipedes III and pereiopods with inner edges of chelae; however, some parts of the signal crayfish are not fouled. e.g. dorsal surfaces of the carapace and dorsal surfaces of chelae. Using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), topographies of different parts of the crayfish’s exoskeleton were examined. Our investigations revealed that the epibiosis in the signal crayfish was determined by morphology of body surfaces. No epibionts were found on smooth surfaces with regular single setae (a known design that prevents fouling in aquatic environments). The dimpled surfaces with regular single micro-papillae may be considered as a newly described example of self-cleaning surfaces. Bio-inspired surface patterning presents promising approaches to the design of novel functional surfaces that can prevent biofouling. The new self-cleaning design may be used in further technological applications.
Vehicle Detection and Speed Estimation Using Millimetre Wave Radar
- Piotr Odya
2022 Full text
The dataset titled Data from 76- to 81-GHz mmWave Sensor located at S7 road contains data recorded employing an IWR1642 mmWave sensor from Texas Instruments. The data comes from two sessions lasting 24h each. The dataset provides the possibility to perform analyses related to car traffic intensity on one of the carriageways of the motorway heading to the Gdańsk metropolitan area. Based on the gathered data, it is possible to calculate the number of vehicles in particular time intervals and to estimate their speed.
Verification and Benchmarking in MPA Coprocessor Design Process
- Tomasz Stefański
- Kamil Rudnicki
- Wojciech Żebrowski
2022
This paper presents verification and benchmarking required for the development of a coprocessor digital circuit for integer multiple-precision arithmetic (MPA). Its code is developed, with the use of very high speed integrated circuit hardware description language (VHDL), as an intellectual property core. Therefore, it can be used by a final user within their own computing system based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs). The coprocessor is still under development and its open-source code is available on the Internet, based on the Mozilla Public License. Therefore, verification and benchmarking of the coprocessor code are vitally important issues as the sources are continually downloaded by users all over the world. In this contribution, we present software tools developed as a part of the system, allowing for detection of errors in the coprocessor code as well as for execution of its benchmarking tests. The research conclusion is that, without well-designed verification and benchmarking software tools, the development of any advanced digital circuit, such as a coprocessor, is actually impossible in realistic time. It stems from the fact that 60% of the project repository include hardware-description codes, whereas the rest of the codes support correct development of the project, i.e., verification and benchmarking in the design process.
Verification of punching shear outside the shear cap by the direct method
- Maciej Grabski
- Andrzej Ambroziak
2022 Full text Archives of Civil Engineering
The proposition of a method to verify the punching resistance for very large supports based on the EN 1992-1-1 standard is described in this paper. The present standard guidelines for the calculation of the punching resistance for large supports are also summarised. The proposed direct method is compared with other standard methods using an example taken from design practice. This method consists of a direct check of the shear forces at specific locations of the control perimeter with the permissible shear force calculated from the EC2 standard. The method showed very good agreement with the experiment while remaining practical for applications. The method presented takes into account the actual distribution of shear forces in the vicinity of the support, taking into account the influence of non-uniform loads, irregular floor geometry, the concentration of internal forces at the corners of the support and the influence of the stiffness of the head used. The paper provides scientists, engineers, and designers new method (called the direct method) for estimation of the punching load-bearing capacity outside the shear cap.
Verification of Satellite Railway Track Position Measurements Making Use of Standard Co-Ordinate Determination Techniques
- Jacek Szmagliński
- Andrzej Wilk
- Władysław Koc
- Krzysztof Karwowski
- Piotr Chrostowski
- Jacek Skibicki
- Sławomir Grulkowski
- Sławomir Judek
- Roksana Licow
- Karolina Makowska-Jarosik
- Michał Michna
- Tadeusz Widerski
2022 Full text Remote Sensing
The article presents the results of satellite railway track position measurements performed by a multidisciplinary research team, the members of which represented Gdansk University of Technology and Gdynia Maritime University. Measuring methods are described which were used for reconstructing the railway track axis position and diagnosing railway track geometry deformations. As well as that, the description of the novel method developed by the authors to perform mobile GNSS measurements is included. The reported research aimed at assessing the uncertainty of railway track axis reconstruction making use of the dynamic GNSS method. To assess the applicability of this method, the obtained results were compared with those from the stationary measurement method used in railway business. The data used for comparison was recorded on the same railway track section during several measurement campaigns. In these campaigns, different types of GNSSs with different position recording frequencies (1–100 Hz) were used at different measurement speeds (5–70 km/h). The performed analysis has shown that the accuracy of railway track axis reconstruction making use of mobile GNSS measurements is sufficient for using this methodology in railway business.
Verification of the method of reconstructing convective velocity fields on the basis of temperature fields in vertical, differential and equally heated, open and closed channels
- Krzysztof Tesch
- Michał Ryms
- Witold Lewandowski
2022 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
This paper describes a method of reconstructing velocity fields, i.e. a numerical reconstruction procedure (NRP) that involves the numerical processing of experimentally measured temperature distributions in free convection heat transfer. The NRP consists in solving only the continuity and Navier–Stokes equations with an additional source term. This term is proportional to a known temperature (e.g. from a thermal imaging camera) and replaces the Fourier–Kirchhoff equation, which also means that the NRP does not require boundary conditions associated with the temperature to be formulated. In order to verify the NRP, the experimental results of two published cases were taken into consideration. In the first case, the temperature and velocity distributions were determined during free convection heat transfer in a closed cavity, i.e. in a vertical channel formed between differentially heated plates. Subsequently, the velocity distributions obtained by the NRP were compared directly with the experimental results. However, in order to verify the correctness of this method for the entire field, not just for the individual locations, free convection heat transfer measurements in an open channel formed between two isothermal, equally heated plates were considered. A thermal imaging camera was used to detect the temperature field in air. In this case, verification of the NRP method required the results obtained in the form of a reconstructed velocity field to be compared with a field obtained using standard numerical calculations (SNC). Importantly, the NRP provides new opportunities for thermal imaging cameras equipped with a mesh for air temperature detection, for example, the visualisation of air velocity fields in free convective heat transfer.