Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

Page settings

polski
Publications Repository
Gdańsk University of Technology

Show publications from the year

Publications from the year 2023

Show all
  • Rubber wastes recycling for developing advanced polymer composites: A warm handshake with sustainability
    • Paulina Wiśniewska
    • Natalia Wójcik
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    • Henri Vahabi
    • Krzysztof Formela
    • Mohammad Saeb
    2023 JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION

    Recycling and management of rubber wastes experiences an early-stage maturity in the quest for sustainable and circular materials. Up to now, solutions proposed for sustainable development of rubber wastes are limited, so that properties and performance features of recycled products are inadequate for practical applications. Herein, an experimental protocol is introduced for manufacturing semi-sustainable polymer composites based on ground tire rubber (GTR) and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), varying carbon black (CB) content (5–50 phr), CB type, i.e., low-surface area CB (L-CB) and high-surface area CB (H-CB), and EVA/GTR composition (50/50 and 75/25 w/w). Processing (printability potential and fluidity/flexibility), properties (thermal, and mechanical), and performance (fire safety and electrical conductivity) features of the resulting composites are analyzed and interpreted. Highly-loaded 50/50 GTR/EVA systems reveal promising properties and performance. The flexibility of product is promising for additive manufacturing. Tensile strength is independent from CB type and blend composition, while elongation at break change pursuing a percolation threshold for CB ≤ 10 phr and CB > 10 phr depending on CB type. Thermal stability is considerable for 50/50/50 (w/w)/phr GTR/EVA/CB system with high amount of GTR. A long-standing flame retardancy is observed for 50/50/50 GTR/EVA/L-CB and 50/50/25 GTR/EVA/H-CB (w/w)/phr composites. A frequency-independent direct current (DC) branch is appeared by increasing temperature at low-frequency region, characteristic of rubber-like dielectric materials. The DC part is intensified even at low temperatures (<10 °C) when CB content increased, so that percolation thresholds are 5 phr and 10 phr for H-CB and L-CB loaded blends, respectively. This work opens new gates of hope towards development of fully sustainable polymer composites from recycled rubber wastes.

  • Rural Building in Opole Silesia During the Period of the Frederician Colonization
    • Dariusz Bajno
    • Marcin Fiutak
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    2023

    The aim of the article is to present the rural construction in the Opole countryside (Poland) during the “Frederician colonization”. Showing socio-economic areas of Opole villages, differing from each other, the differences of which resulted from the environmental conditions influencing the processes of enfranchisement and industrialization. These processes at the turn of the 17th and 19th centuries influenced the image of the Opole and Upper Silesian villages as well as the development of skeleton and brick construction. By gradually analyzing individual regions of Opole Silesia, one can notice large-scale changes in rural construction, differences in the population density and multiculturalism of the inhabitants of the Opole region, showing the complex settlement process, the effects of which can be seen in the Opole countryside to the present day. The article will discuss the process of “Frederician colonization” and its impact on the change of architecture in the region, as well as the accompanying construction and conservation techniques. A look at regional construction from the turn of the 17th and 19th centuries brings closer the cultural heritage of the region's architecture, allows you to deepen your knowledge of architectural forms and techniques of erecting objects of a bygone era, thus enabling the protection of the historical substance of rural regions of Opole Silesia. The article will also discuss the degree of preservation of the historic substance described above along with the forecast of their durability in the further period of operation.

  • Ryzyko strat odgromowych a systemy fotowoltaiczne
    • Leszek Litzbarski
    • Marek Olesz
    • Konrad Seklecki
    • Mikołaj Nowak
    2023 Full text Przegląd Elektrotechniczny

    Artykuł opisuje wybrane zagrożenia związane z eksploatacją instalacji fotowoltaicznych oraz sposoby zmniejszania związanego z tym ryzyka. Opisano wpływ instalacji fotowoltaicznej na wzrost ryzyka strat odgromowych określony na podstawie obliczeń wykonanych za pomocą programu DEHN Risk Tool. Wykonano symulacje dla trzech przypadków: elektrownie fotowoltaiczne o różnej mocy, budynek jednorodzinny usytuowany w wybranych lokalizacjach oraz obiekty o znacznej kubaturze różniące się przeznaczeniem.

  • Saccharides
    • Hanna Staroszczyk
    2023

    Saccharides are widely distributed in nature as the major component of fruits and vegetables (primarily monosaccharides), milk and malt (mainly disaccharides), and grains (mostly polysaccharides). They are an important source of energy, structural material, as well as flavor and taste factors. Molecules of this class of compounds contain mainly carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; however, most natural saccha- rides do not have a simple chemical composition but occur as oligomers or polymers, in pure, oxidized, or reduced form, as derivatives of amines, esters, and ethers, as well as protein- or lipid-bound molecules. The variety of saccharide structures, the size, shape, and chemical composition of their molecules, as well as the diversity of their physicochemical properties, affect the functional properties and nutritional value of foods.

  • Samorządowi konserwatorzy zabytków jako wykonawcy zadań wojewódzkich konserwatorów zabytków. Krótkie podsumowanie eksperymentu.
    • Robert Hirsch
    2023 Full text Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego

    Artykuł dotyczy kwestii realizacji jednego z zadań z zakresu ochrony zabytków przez samorządy lokalne. Przedstawiono kwestię wykonywania zadań z zakresu administracji rządowej przez samorządowych konserwatorów zabytków na podstawie porozumień wojewodów z samorządami lokalnymi. Rozwiązanie to związane były ze znacznymi oczekiwaniami środowiska konserwatorskiego. Po ponad 20 latach funkcjonowania samorządowych konserwatorów zabytków, wykonujących powierzone zadania WKZ można już częściowo podsumować efektywność tego rozwiązania. Doświadczenia nie są jednak jednoznaczne. Obok wielu korzyści i dobrego funkcjonowania współpracy organów państwowych i samorządowych na bazie porozumień, są też przykłady braku współpracy i w efekcie rozwiązywania takich porozumień, zwłaszcza w ostatnich 10 latach. Skłania to do wniosku, że rozwiązanie to nie może być traktowane jako optymalne i konieczne są dalsze zmiany w celu jego poprawy.

  • Satellite Laser Ranging technique as a tool for the determination of the Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects
    • Maciej Matyszewski
    • Paweł Łejba
    • Marcin Jagoda
    • Paweł Tysiąc
    2023 Full text REPORTS ON GEODESY AND GEOINFORMATICS

    Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR) is a modern technique used in various research areas and applications related to geodesy and geodynamics. It is commonly used for tasks such as establishing the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), monitoring Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP), determining the geocenter, measuring fundamental physical constants, calibrating microwave tracking techniques, conducting time transfer experiments, and studying gravitational and general relativistic effects. Laser measurements of the LARES and LAGEOS satellites are used to determine the relativistic effects acting on these satellites. The objective of the present research is to analyze the perturbing forces of relativistic origin (Schwarzschild, de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects) acting on the LARES, LAGEOS-1 and LAGEOS-2 satellites. By using data from fifteen SLR measurement stations, the precise orbits of these satellites were determined over a span of 840 hours using the GEODYN II orbital software package. The calculation process used a set of procedures, models of forces, and constants that are currently recommended by the International Earth Rotation and Reference Systems Service (IERS) and the International Laser Ranging Service (ILRS). Based on the precise orbits of the LARES, LAGEOS-1, and LAGEOS-2 satellites, calculations were made to determine the values of relativistic accelerations acting on these satellites. These values oscillate with a period equal to half of the orbital period for the de Sitter and Lense-Thirring effects, and a quarter of the orbital period for the Schwarzschild effect.

  • Scale effect in the self-propulsion prediction for Ultra Large Container Ship with contra-rotating propellers
    • Hanna Pruszko
    • Maciej Reichel
    • Krzysztof Czerski
    • Marek Necel
    • Julia Schmale
    • Sören Brüns
    2023 Full text

    This article addresses the problem of the scale effect for an Ultra Large Container Ship (ULCS) with a novel twin-crp-pod propulsion system. Twin-crp-pod steering-propulsion arrangement is an innovative solution that gains from three well-known systems: twin-propeller, contra-rotating propellers and pod propulsors. It is expected that applying the twin-crp-pod system to the analysed Ultra Large Container Ship will increase propulsion efficiency and manoeuvring safety. To prove that, a series of model tests have been carried out, including towing tank tests and free-sailing manoeuvring tests. The scope of the presented simulations included calm water resistance simulations and self-propulsion tests for the full-scale and model-scale vessels. The model-scale calculations have been performed at a scale of 1:37.416. During self-propulsion simulations, the required front and aft propeller revolutions were searched to find the optimum power balance. Calculations were performed for the ship design speed and constant front-to-aft propeller revolutions ratio. The case study vessel was a 400m Ultra Large Container Ship. CFD Simulations were performed using the unsteady RANS approach. The sliding mesh approach with a rotating region around the local coordinate system was used to model the propeller directly. The flow was turbulent with the k-ω SST turbulence model applied. The second-order implicit temporal discretisation scheme was applied. Parallel, due to the early stage of research, an extrapolation method including the wake scaling, propellers interactions and pod housing resistance is being elaborated. Later on, the model-scale CFD results will be extrapolated and compared to the results of the full-scale simulations. As for now, the comparison included the total resistance of the bare hull, wake fraction, relative rotational efficiency, thrust deduction and propeller revolution required to achieve the self-propulsion point.

  • Scaling scrum with a customized nexus framework: A report from a joint industry‐academia research project
    • Andrzej Joskowski
    • Adam Przybyłek
    • Bartosz Marcinkowski
    2023 Full text SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE

    espite a wide range of scaling frameworks available, large-scale agile transformations are not straightforward undertakings. Few organizations have structures in place that fit the predefined workflows – while once one applies an off-the-shelf framework outside of its prescribed process, guidance quickly runs out. In this paper, we demonstrate how to instantiate a method configuration process using a lightweight experimental approach embedded in Action Research cycles. The proposed approach was developed to assist practitioners working on a multiple-team project at Intel Technology Poland to find the right practices to continue their Nexus-based transformation and integrate their in-house method into the already established company structures, processes, and routines. In particular, it enabled identifying a series of challenges with scaled practices and coping with those. The challenges ranged from logistical problems, through poor availability of the Product Owner, to lackluster knowledge transfer and a wide array of communication/coordination issues at meetings. The study broadens the current body of knowledge within technology management and the scaled agile method-tailoring domain. It indicates potential corrective actions that may be taken advantage of by entities that are not inclined, due to organizational constraints, to directly implement an off-the-shelf framework. Furthermore, our study demonstrates that a gradual transition to large-scale agile at the project level (1) is possible with the preservation of traditional command-and-control management practices; (2) requires neither middle management involvement nor upfront investment; and (3) does not need to disrupt the continuous delivery of the product.

  • Scarabaeidae as human food – A comprehensive review
    • Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
    • K.a. Ampofo
    • E.k. Dery
    • A.m. Eddy-Doh
    • Roberto Castro Munoz
    • M. Pushpalatha
    • I. Fernando
    2023 Full text Journal of Insects as Food and Feed

    Rising global population and sustainable protein demand have sparked interest in unique food sources. Entomophagy, or insect consumption, presents a solution and Scarab beetles, part of the Scarabaeidae family, offer a novel food option. The comprehensive review underscores their potential as human food, with strong nutrition, low environmental impact, and the ability to ease strain on conventional agriculture. Nutritional analysis reveals rich protein content, essential amino acids, vitamins, and minerals. Scarab beetles’ beneficial fatty acid profile and healthy fats position them as a superior protein source to traditional livestock. Scarabaeidae excel in feed conversion, emit fewer greenhouse gases, and require minimal land, establishing them as an ecologically sustainable protein source. Cultural attitudes towards insect consumption vary; history exists in some regions while skepticism prevails in others. Highlighting nutritional advantages, organizing outreach, and introducing processed scarab products could enhance acceptance. The review addresses challenges including mass rearing, processing, allergens, and toxins. Evolving insect-based food regulations require cautious consideration. Success depends on multidisciplinary efforts including nutrition, environmental sustainability, cultural openness, and regulatory alignment. Continued research and collaboration are essential to fully unlock Scarabaeidae’s potential as a sustainable, nutritious food source for our growing global population.

  • Scheduling for Industrial Control Traffic Using Massive MIMO and Large Intelligent Surfaces
    • Emma Fitzgerald
    • Michał Pióro
    2023

    Industry 4.0, with its focus on flexibility and customizability, is pushing in the direction of wireless communication in future smart factories, in particular massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), and its future evolution Large Intelligent Surfaces (LIS), which provide more reliable channel quality than previous technologies. As such, there arises the need to perform efficient scheduling of industrial control traffic in massive MIMO systems, in a way that meets its highly stringent latency and reliability requirements. In this paper, we provide mixed-integer programming optimization formulations to perform this scheduling, while minimizing the use of radio resources. We give formulations for both fixed and variable schedule frame lengths. We tested our formulations in numerical experiments with varying traffic profiles and numbers of nodes, up to a maximum of 32 nodes. For all problem instances tested, we were able to calculate an optimal schedule within less than 1 s, making our approach feasible for use in real deployment scenarios.

  • Screening of predicted synergistic multi-target therapies in glioblastoma identifies new treatment strategies
    • Megan Houweling
    • Anna Giczewska
    • Abdul Kulsoom
    • Ninke Nieuwenhuis
    • Asli Küçükosmanoglu
    • Krzysztof Pastuszak
    • Rogier C Buijsman
    • Peter Wesseling
    • Laurine Wedekind
    • David Noske
    • Anna Supernat
    • David Bailey
    • Colin Watts
    • Thomas Wurdinger
    • Bart Westerman
    2023 Full text Neuro-Oncology Advances

    Abstract Background IDH-wildtype glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant primary brain tumor with a median survival of 15 months after standard of care, which highlights the need for improved therapy. Personalized combination therapy has shown to be successful in many other tumor types and could be beneficial for GBM patients. Methods We performed the largest drug combination screen to date in GBM, using a high-throughput effort where we selected 90 drug combinations for their activity onto 25 patient-derived GBM cultures. 43 drug combinations were selected for interaction analysis based on their monotherapy efficacy and were tested in a short-term (3 days) as well as long-term (18 days) assay. Synergy was assessed using dose-equivalence and multiplicative survival metrics. Results We observed a consistent synergistic interaction for 15 out of 43 drug combinations on patient-derived GBM cultures. From these combinations, 11 out of 15 drug combinations showed a longitudinal synergistic effect on GBM cultures. The highest synergies were observed in the drug combinations Lapatinib with Thapsigargin and Lapatinib with Obatoclax Mesylate, both targeting epidermal growth factor receptor and affecting the apoptosis pathway. To further elaborate on the apoptosis cascade, we investigated other, more clinically relevant, apoptosis inducers and observed a strong synergistic effect while combining Venetoclax (BCL targeting) and AZD5991 (MCL1 targeting). Conclusions Overall, we have identified via a high-throughput drug screening several new treatment strategies for GBM. Moreover, an exceptionally strong synergistic interaction was discovered between kinase targeting and apoptosis induction which is suitable for further clinical evaluation as multi-targeted combination therapy.

  • Screen-printed Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles for photocatalytic dye removal from wastewater: A technological perspective
    • Atasheh Soleimani-Gorgani
    • Hussein Al-Hazmi
    • Amin Esmaeili
    • Sajjad Habibzadeh
    2023 ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH

    TiO2 is widely used as a photocatalyst with a wide band gap, which limited its application. Ion doping and formulating a high-quality screen-printing paste enhance its features. However, the printability of objects for advanced application seems essential nowadays. In this research, the Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared through a sol-gel method followed by calcination at various temperatures of 450 °C, 550 °C, 650 °C, 750 °C, and 850 °C. Screen-printing pastes were prepared with 18 wt% of the synthesized Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles to evaluate photocatalytic activity. Finally, the prepared paste with optimum nanoparticle concentration was screen printed onto the microscope glass slides at various printing times (1, 3, and 5 runs) and annealed at 500 °C temperature to investigate the thickness of printed Sn-doped TiO2 nanoparticles effect. The photocatalytic activity and crystal structure of nano Sn-doped-TiO2 were characterized using photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses were conducted to investigate the size and morphology of the prepared nanoparticles, respectively. The highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of methylene blue was obtained at the calcination temperature of 450 °C.

  • Scrutiny of power grids by penetrating PV energy in wind farms: a case study of the wind corridor of Jhampir, Pakistan
    • Arsalan Muhammad Soomar
    • Lyu Guanghua
    • Shoaib Shaikh
    • Syed Hadi Hussain Shah
    • Piotr Musznicki
    2023 Full text Frontiers in Energy Research

    This study examines the problems caused by intermittent renewable energy sources, especially wind farms, and suggests a different solar energy penetration strategy to improve their loading capacity. The study uses real-time data from a wind farm in Jhampir, Pakistan, to analyse and assess various aspects of grid stations connected to wind farms. Electrical Transient Analyzer Program is used to validate the results by linking these with actual grid system. The article focuses on creating a model for a grid connected to a wind farm and the simulation of outcomes following capacity expansion, with the installation of an autotransformer. The original capacity of the wind farm was 750 MW, which was increased to 1,250 MW, i.e., 1.66 times the actual capability. Furthermore, this capacity was further enhanced to 1,540 MW, which becomes 1.23 times the previous capacity by the penetration of a photovoltaic power plant

  • "SDG # pawilon tematyczny"-plakat do wystawy
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    2023

    plakat prezentujący założenia wystawianych projektów

  • "SDG # pawilon tematyczny"-wystawa projektów studenckich
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    • Alicja Karaś
    2023

    Zgromadzenie Ogólne Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych w 2015 roku przyjęło Rezolucję 70/1 “Przekształcamy nasz świat: Agenda na rzecz zrównoważonego rozwoju 2030”. Jest to plan działań na rzecz ludzi, planety i dobrobytu oraz wzmocnienia powszechnego pokoju w warunkach większej wolności. Jest wdrażany przez wszystkie kraje w ramach współpracy partnerskiej. Agenda 2030 wyrażona jest poprzez 17 Celów Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (SDG Sustainable Development Goals) i 169 towarzyszących im działań. Projekty studenckie miały na celu stworzenie 'pawilonów tematycznych’ uwzględniających realizację jednego, wybranego celu. Pawilon łatwy w transporcie (3x6x4,5m), o konstrukcji umożliwiającej przemieszczanie, jest propozycją dla Gdańska na zabezpieczenie potrzeb lokalnych widzianych przez pryzmat Agendy 2030. Zaproponowane usytuowanie uwzględnia specyfikę miasta i atuty miejsca. Przyjęte funkcje są propozycjami autorskimi. Zgodnie z założeniami projektu, każdy obiekt musi jednocześnie umożliwiać zamieszkiwanie w sytuacjach kryzysowych.

  • SDGs implementation, their synergies, and trade-offs in EU countries – Sensitivity analysis-based approach
    • Marta Kuc-Czarnecka
    • Iwona Markowicz
    • Agnieszka Somplska-Rzechuła
    2023 Full text ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS

    Sustainable development is one of the most urgent challenges facing humanity. Its basic principle is to improve people’s well-being and maintain it over time. In 2015, the United Nations approved 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs) to ensure a better and sustainable future for all, balancing economic, social and environmental development. SDGs create an ‘indivisible whole’; thus, examining their interactions is crucial. Our goals were twofold: (i) to assess the implementation degree of SDGs in EU countries and (ii) to examine the interactions between goals. The potential to achieve a given SDG is approximated by a composite indicator, calculated based on an innovative method of implementing tools derived from sensitivity analysis (SA). Respecting the degree of variability of individual variables and their correlation, we set the weights to equalise their importance. Moreover, the application of SA allows us to remove strongly correlated variables that are not transferring supplementary information. We use countries’ linear ordering and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient to assess interactions between SDGs. Our research shows that Scandinavian countries predominately occupy the leading positions, respectively, eight times on the podium for Sweden and four by Denmark (of which three as a leader). The Netherlands also stands out, occupying the superior position in the performance of SDGs 2, 3, 5, 8, 9, 12 and 17. The top in achieving one of the most priority area – no poverty (SDG1) belongs to Czechia. Our study confirmed the results obtained by many researchers regarding the more potent synergy between SDGs compared to the trade-offs. The only trade-offs observed in our study relate to SDG15, which negatively correlated with SDG3 and 17. Furthermore, SDG7 was the only one not associated with others.

  • Sea, River, Lake Ice Properties and Their Applications in Practices
    • Zhijun Li
    • Tomasz Kolerski
    • Li Zhou
    • Xiao-Hong Shi
    • Zhengyong Zhang
    • Fang Li
    2023 Full text Water

    This Special Issue aims to highlight research articles focusing on the geographical scale of glacier and lake ice variations, as well as the engineering scale of ice properties and their practical applications via laboratory tests and numerical modeling. Additionally, it includes research on ecosystems under lake ice. The main goal is successfully achieved through the joint efforts of authors, anonymous reviewers, and editorial managers. In total, 1 review article and 15 research articles are included in this Special Issue. These articles cover a wide range of topics, including water resources from Chinese mountain glacier variation; lake ice phenology at different latitudes and altitudes around the world; ice properties from laboratory experiments and numerical modeling; ice engineering with different purposes in China and the Arctic; and ecosystem under lake ice at different temporal and spatial scales. This Special Issue received contributions from researchers from different parts of China and from Chinese international cooperation partners because of its focus on “higher temperature ice” under global warming. All papers presented are innovative and of high quality. This Special Issue can promote research on ice properties and their applications in practices ranging from mountains to sea, especially in popular water ecosystem environments under ice during seasonal ice period.

  • Sea spray as a secondary source of chlorinated persistent organic pollutants? - Conclusions from a comparison of seven fresh snowfall events in 2019 and 2021
    • Filip Pawlak
    • Krystyna Koziol
    • Marcin Frankowski
    • Łukasz Nowicki
    • Christelle Marlin
    • Anna Maria Sulej-Suchomska
    • Żaneta Polkowska
    2023 Full text SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT

    Secondary sources of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) gain in importance worldwide as primary sources decline. In this work, we aim to determine whether sea spray may be a secondary source of chlorinated POPs to the terrestrial Arctic, since a similar mechanism was proposed there only for the more water-soluble POPs. To this end, we have determined polychlorinated biphenyls and organochlorine pesticides concentrations in fresh snow and seawater collected in the vicinity of the Polish Polar Station in Hornsund in two sampling periods covering spring 2019 and 2021. To support our interpretations, we include also metal and metalloid, and stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopes analysis in those samples. A significant correlation was found between the concentrations of POPs and the distance from the sea at the sampling point, yet the confirmation of sea spray impact lies more in capturing an event with negligible long-range transport influence where the detected chlorinated POPs (Cl-POPs) matched in composition the compounds enriched in the sea surface microlayer, which is both a source of sea spray and a seawater microenvironment rich in hydrophobic substances.

  • Searching for the primary metabolic alterations of polycystic ovary syndrome by application of the untargeted metabolomics approach
    • Anna Rajska
    • Magdalena Buszewska-Forajta
    • Szymon Macioszek
    • Renata Wawrzyniak
    • Paweł Wityk
    • Andrzej Berger
    • Agnieszka Kowalewska
    • Dominik Rachon
    • Michal Markuszewski
    2023 Full text JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS

    Despite a large number of studies, the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) still remains unexplained. In light of ambiguous observations reported in metabolomics, there is a need to carry out studies focusing on confirming the discriminating power of the proposed metabolomics biomarkers. Our research aimed to perform a validation study of metabolites detected in our previous study from serum samples, on the new set of samples obtained from PCOS women and healthy controls to confirm previously selected compounds. Additionally, the second biological matrix – urine – was used to get a more comprehensive insight into metabolic alterations. We applied two analytical techniques – gas chromatography and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry to analyze both serum and urine samples obtained from 35 PCOS patients and 35 healthy women. Thank to our approach, we identified and described a comprehensive set of metabolites altered in PCOS patients. Results of our study indicate increased steroid hormone synthesis, alteration in sphingo- and phospholipids metabolism, and disturbed fatty acids metabolism. Moreover, the citric acid cycle, γ-glutamyl cycle, vitamin B metabolism, and a few primary amino acids like tryptophan, phenylalanine, histidine, and alanine are altered.

  • Security of Cryptocurrencies: A View on the State-of-the-Art Research and Current Developments
    • Paweł Weichbroth
    • Kacper Wereszko
    • Helena Anacka
    • Jolanta Kowal
    2023 Full text SENSORS

    [Context] The goal of security is to protect digital assets, devices, and services from being disrupted, exploited or stolen by unauthorized users. It is also about having reliable information available at the right time. [Motivation] Since the inception in 2009 of the first cryptocurrency, few studies have been undertaken to analyze and review the state-of-the-art research and current developments with respect to the security of cryptocurrencies. [Purpose] We aim to provide both theoretical and empirical insights into the security landscape, in particular focusing on both technical solutions and human-related facets. [Methodology] We used an integrative review which could help in building science and scholarly research, the basis for conceptual and empirical models. [Results] Successful defense against cyberattacks depends on technical measures on the one hand, as well as on self-education and training with the aim to develop competence, knowledge, skills and social abilities, on the other. [Contribution] Our findings provide a comprehensive review for the major achievements and developments of the recent progress on the security of cryptocurrencies. [Future research] Since there is increasing interest in adoption of the current solutions within the central bank digital currencies, the future research should explore the development and inception of effective measures against social engineering attacks, which still remain the main concern.