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Publications Repository
Gdańsk University of Technology

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  • Prediction of protein assemblies, the next frontier: The CASP14‐CAPRI experiment
    • Marc F. Lensink
    • Guillaume Brysbaert
    • Théo Mauri
    • Nurul Nadzirin
    • Sameer Velankar
    • Raphael A. G. Chaleil
    • Tereza Clarence
    • Paul A. Bates
    • Ren Kong
    • Bin Liu
    • Guangbo Yang
    • Ming Liu
    • Hang Shi
    • Xufeng Lu
    • Shan Chang
    • Raj S. Roy
    • Farhan Quadir
    • Jian Liu
    • Jianlin Cheng
    • Anna Antoniak
    • Cezary Czaplewski
    • Artur Giełdoń
    • Mateusz Kogut
    • Agnieszka G. Lipska
    • Adam Liwo
    • Emilia Lubecka
    • Martyna Maszota‐Zieleniak
    • Adam K. Sieradzan
    • Rafał Ślusarz
    • Patryk A. Wesołowski
    • Karolina ZiĘba
    • Carlos A. Del Carpio Muñoz
    • Eiichiro Ichiishi
    • Ameya Harmalkar
    • Jeffrey J. Gray
    • Alexandre M. J. J. Bonvin
    • Francesco Ambrosetti
    • Rodrigo Vargas Honorato
    • Zuzana Jandova
    • Brian Jiménez‐García
    • Panagiotis I. Koukos
    • Siri Van Keulen
    • Charlotte W. Van Noort
    • Manon Réau
    • Jorge Roel‐Touris
    • Sergei Kotelnikov
    • Dzmitry Padhorny
    • Kathryn A. Porter
    • Andrey Alekseenko
    • Mikhail Ignatov
    • Israel Desta
    • Ryota Ashizawa
    • Zhuyezi Sun
    • Usman Ghani
    • Nasser Hashemi
    • Sandor Vajda
    • Dima Kozakov
    • Mireia Rosell
    • Luis A. Rodríguez‐Lumbreras
    • Juan Fernandez‐Recio
    • Agnieszka Karczynska
    • Sergei Grudinin
    • Yumeng Yan
    • Hao Li
    • Peicong Lin
    • Sheng‐You Huang
    • Charles Christoffer
    • Genki Terashi
    • Jacob Verburgt
    • Daipayan Sarkar
    • Tunde Aderinwale
    • Xiao Wang
    • Daisuke Kihara
    • Tsukasa Nakamura
    • Yuya Hanazono
    • Ragul Gowthaman
    • Johnathan D. Guest
    • Rui Yin
    • Ghazaleh Taherzadeh
    • Brian G. Pierce
    • Didier Barradas‐Bautista
    • Zhen Cao
    • Luigi Cavallo
    • Romina Oliva
    • Yuanfei Sun
    • Shaowen Zhu
    • Yang Shen
    • Taeyong Park
    • Hyeonuk Woo
    • Jinsol Yang
    • Sohee Kwon
    • Jonghun Won
    • Chaok Seok
    • Yasuomi Kiyota
    • Shinpei Kobayashi
    • Yoshiki Harada
    • Mayuko Takeda‐Shitaka
    • Petras J. Kundrotas
    • Amar Singh
    • Ilya A. Vakser
    • Justas DapkŪnas
    • Kliment Olechnovič
    • Česlovas Venclovas
    • Rui Duan
    • Liming Qiu
    • Shuang Zhang
    • Xiaoqin Zou
    • Shoshana J. Wodak
    2021 PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS

    We present the results for CAPRI Round 50, the 4th joint CASP-CAPRI protein assembly prediction challenge. The Round comprised a total of 12 targets, including 6 dimers, 3 trimers, and 3 higher-order oligomers. Four of these were easy targets, for which good structural templates were available either for the full assembly, or for the main interfaces (of the higher-order oligomers). Eight were difficult targets for which only distantly related templates were found for the individual subunits. Twenty-five CAPRI groups including 8 automatic servers submitted ~1250 models per target. Twenty groups including 6 servers participated in the CAPRI scoring challenge submitted ~190 models per target. The accuracy of the predicted models was evaluated using the classical CAPRI criteria. The prediction performance was measured by a weighted scoring scheme that takes into account the number of models of acceptable quality or higher submitted by each group as part of their 5 top-ranking models. Compared to the previous CASP-CAPRI challenge, top performing groups submitted such models for a larger fraction (70–75%) of the targets in this Round, but fewer of these models were of high accuracy. Scorer groups achieved stronger performance with more groups submitting correct models for 70–80% of the targets or achieving high accuracy predictions. Servers performed less well in general, except for the MDOCKPP and LZERD servers, who performed on par with human groups. In addition to these results, major advances in methodology are discussed, providing an informative overview of where the prediction of protein assemblies currently stands.

  • PREDICTION OF SHIP MOTIONS IN IRREGULAR WAVES BASED ON RESPONSE AMPLITUDE OPERATORS EVALUATED EXPERIMENTALLY IN NOISE WAVES
    • Sebastian Bielicki
    2021 Full text Polish Maritime Research

    The most common methods for predicting ship roll motions in a specified sea state are direct measurements of motions in a representative irregular wave realisation (time domain) or calculations of motions from response amplitude operators (RAOs) in the frequency domain. The result of the first method is valid only for the tested sea state, whilst the second method is more flexible but less accurate. RAO-based predictions are calculated assuming a linear model of ship motions in waves. RAO functions are usually evaluated by means of tests in regular waves for a limited number of frequencies and a constant wave amplitude. This approach is time-consuming and the discrete form of the RAO functions obtained for a limited number of frequencies may lead to discrepancies in the prediction of seakeeping and often does not allow the actual amplitude of the response in resonant frequency to be determined. Another challenge is the appropriate selection of wave amplitude for tests due to the considerable influence of viscous damping on roll response in irregular sea waves. There are alternative methods for the experimental determination of RAO functions and one of them is presented in this study. The presented approach allows RAO functions to be evaluated in one run by the generation of irregular waves characterised by a white or coloured noise spectrum. This method reduces the experiment duration, with almost continuous RAO characteristics obtained. The flat (white noise) and linear (coloured noise) wave spectral energy characteristics are considered in the experiment and the obtained predictions are compared with the results of accurate measurements in irregular waves.

  • Preliminary safety assessment of Polish interchanges
    • Marcin Budzyński
    • Agnieszka Tubis
    • Mateusz Rydlewski
    2021 Full text Archives of Transport

    Interchanges are a key and the most complex element of a road infrastructure. The safety and functionality of interchanges determine the traffic conditions and safety of the entire road network. This applies particularly to motorways and express-ways, for which they are the only way to access and exchange traffic. A big problem in Poland is the lack of comprehensive tools for designers at individual stages of the design process. This applies to guidelines or other documents regarding the location, choice of interchanges type and selection of design parameters. This does not provide sufficient material for designing safe and functional interchanges. This situation results in numerous hazards that occur on existing interchanges and errors that are still being made at all stages of the design process. Consequently, there is a risk of accidents in the area of interchanges, which often have serious consequences. The purpose of the research presented in the article is to identify main groups of hazards on the interchanges and to classify them based on field tests and audits of project documentation. The prepared classification uses the results of analyzing data on road accidents. As part of the research, a database was built that includes information on road accidents and traffic, as well as data on all existing interchanges on motorways and expressways in Poland. These data includes: inter-change type, length of exit and entry lanes, total interchanges length, type of cross-section on main roads and ramps. The number and type of ramps occurring at a given interchange as well as the type of intersections, if any, were also taken into account. Based on the assessment, the level of safety was determined for individual types of interchanges. Then, the impact of se-lected road and traffic factors on safety was presented. The critical elements of interchanges are entries, exits, weaving sections and intersections. Assumptions were also adopted for the classification of identified hazards. A comprehensive safety assessment for interchanges allowed the development of assumptions for their design guidelines. On the basis of database exploration and field research, the main problems and hazards regarding the functioning of interchanges were identified.

  • Preparation and Characterization of Films Based on Disintegrated Bacterial Cellulose and Montmorillonite
    • Agata Sommer
    • Hanna Staroszczyk
    • Izabela Sinkiewicz
    • Piotr Bruździak
    2021 Full text JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT

    The food packaging materials from natural polymers including polysaccharides offer an ecologically important alternative to commonly used synthetic, non-biodegradable counterparts. The purpose of this work was to modify of bacterial cellulose (BC) leading to the improvement of its functional properties in terms of use as a food packaging material. Effects of disintegration of BC and addition of montmorillonite (MMT) on its water barrier, mechanical and thermal properties were investigated. Disintegration of BC increased its water vapour permeability (WVP) and thermal stability, but decreased its tensile strength (σ). These changes were closely related to the rearrangement of hydrogen-bond network in the BC structure, resulting in a partial conversion from the Iα to Iβ allomorph. The addition of 2% of MMT did not affect WVP and σ of the disintegrated BC (bBC), while the plasticization of the modified bBC generally decreased WVP, and did not increase σ. The improvement in water barrier properties of bBC modified by adding 2% of MMT in the presence of glycerol was caused by the formation of hydrogen bonds between the components of the composite. The results presented show the potential usefulness of BC modified by disintegration and adding 2% of MMT and 10–15% of glycerol as a food packaging material.

  • Preparation of Well-Compatibilized PP/PC Blends and Foams Thereof
    • Lidia Jasińska-Walc
    • Rob Duchateau
    • Miloud Bouyahyi
    • Jakub Kruszyński
    • Agnieszka Tercjak
    • Artur Różański
    • Enrico Troisi
    • Yingxin Liu
    • Lanti Yang
    • Maciej Sienkiewicz
    • Ostap Ivashkiv
    2021 ACS Applied Polymer Materials

    The performance of polypropylene-poly(ethylene brassylate) block and graft copolymers and a polypropylene-polycaprolactone graft copolymer as compatibilizers for polypropylene-rich polypropylene/bisphenol A polycarbonate (PP/PC, 80/20 wt/wt) blends was elucidated. The copolymers were synthesized either by metal-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization or transesterification of a presynthesized polyester, initiated by hydroxyl-functionalized PPs, which themselves were obtained by catalytic routes or reactive extrusion, respectively. Spectroscopic fingerprints of the copolymers from liquid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in combination with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), and rheology analyses of the blends indicated that the compatibilizers spontaneously organize at the interface of the two immiscible polymers leading to the formation of uniform, stable, nanophase morphologies. The effect of the compatibilizers on the performance of the PP/PC blends was evaluated, and well-compatibilized PP/PC blends showed improved melt strength and strain hardening when compared to pure PP. This was verified by the successful foam extrusion using isobutane as a blowing agent of well-compatibilized PP/PC blends to low-density PP-based foams, for which normally long-chain branched PP is required.

  • Probabilistic analysis of settlements under a pile foundation of a road bridge pylon
    • Karol Winkelmann
    • Kamil Żyliński
    • Jarosław Górski
    2021 Full text SOILS AND FOUNDATIONS

    The paper addresses the reliability change of a road bridge pile foundation due to the unpredictable increase of settlements in time. The analysis is based on the Rędziński Bridge in Wrocław, Poland, its design assumptions, and monitoring results. The bridge foundation rests on a multi-layered subsoil assumed random. The Finite Element model of the subgrade is generated in ZSoil® software. To simplify the probabilistic approach, substitute soil strata stiffness parameters are adopted. Tracing their time decrement allows for a comprehensive definition of the entire foundation over-settlement produced by numerous factors. Preliminary sensitivity analysis of settlements to the stiffness variation properly simplifies the random model. The Serviceability Limit State helps to assess the foundation reliability index, further compared with the condition in the EN 1990:2002/A1:2005 standard. In addition, real-life settlements are also measured in the first year of bridge operation, they are used to calibrate the reliability index assessment. An innovative approach is proposed, where appropriate time-wise fluctuation functions represent the expected settlement increase and the related reliability reduction. These fluctuation functions help to plan the future remedial actions to maintain the initial bridge safety and to indicate the action frequency and scope. Future reliability levels may be extrapolated too. The real-life survey database of settlements makes it possible to validate the results of probabilistic calculations. A dedicated flowchart is devised to support further analysis of a wide structural domain.

  • Problematyka efektywności docierania maszynowego powierzchni płaskich i płasko-równoległych
    • Adam Barylski
    2021

    Przedstawiono sposób oceny efektywności docierania na docierarkach tarczowych. Omówiono przykładowe technologie obróbki powierzchni płaskich i płasko-równoległych. Wyznaczono składowe czasów operacji docierania wstępnego i wykończeniowego oraz wartości wskaźnika OEE dla obróbki jednotarczowej. Omówiono wyniki analiz docierania grupy 10 przedmiotów w układzie dwutarczowym. Zaprezentowano pracę zautomatyzowanego gniazda docierarek dwutarczowych firmy Peter Wolters.

  • Problematyka współczesnych ingerencji w historyczną zabudowę przemysłową na przykładzie zespołu portowo-stoczniowego w Gdyni
    • Robert Hirsch
    • Celina Łozowska
    2021 Full text Ochrona Dziedzictwa Kulturowego

    Na terenach portowo-stoczniowych Gdyni zachowanych jest wiele historycznych obiektów, które ze względu na zmiany w funkcjonowaniu portu oraz przekształcenia użytkowania terenów podlegają określonym zmianom. Najważniejsze z tych budynków są objęte ścisłą ochroną prawną poprzez wpisanie do rejestru zabytków. Zapewnia to ich zachowanie i często także rewaloryzację. Inne, także wartościowe, ale nieobjęte tak ścisłą ochroną – uwzględnione tylko w ewidencjach zabytków, podlegają adaptacjom i przebudowom, które powodują utratę niektórych walorów, ale umożliwiają przynajmniej częściowe zachowanie. Wiele budynków tego typu utraciło swoje funkcje, jest opuszczonych i oczekuje na powtórne zagospodarowanie. Ochrona zabytków w takich sytuacjach jest bardzo problematyczna i wymaga wypracowania kompromisów. Przekształcenia budynków historycznych są nieuniknione. W celu określenia zakresu ochrony i dopuszczalności ingerencji pożądane jest wypracowanie metody oceny wartości zabytkowych, która dałaby narzędzia do zobiektywizowania procesów przekształceń.

  • Problems of Active Dynamic Thermography Measurement Standardization in Medicine
    • Antoni Nowakowski
    2021 Full text Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka

    Reliability of thermographic diagnostics in medicine is an important practical problem. In the field of static thermography, a great deal of effort has been made to define the conditions for thermographic measurements, which is now the golden standard for such research. In recent years, there are more and more reports on dynamic tests with external stimulation, such as Active Dynamic Thermography, Thermographic Signal Reconstruction or Thermal Tomography. The subject of this report is a discussion of the problems of standardization of dynamic tests, the choice of the method of thermal stimulation and the conditions determining the credibility of such tests in medical diagnostics. Typical methods of thermal stimulation are discussed, problems concerning accuracy and control of resulting distributions of temperature are commented. The best practices to get reliable conditions of measurements are summarized

  • Problemy jakości w metodach Agile
    • Jarosław Kuchta
    2021

    Zwinne metody wytwarzania osiągnęły w zawrotnym tempie niebywały sukces. Według różnych doniesień od 50 do 70% firm IT stosuje metody zwinne na stałe lub okazjonalnie . Jednak znaczna część firm stosuje wybiórczo praktyki zalecane przez Agile . Jakie to praktyki? Jakie problemy występują przy ich stosowaniu i jak firmy radzą sobie z tymi problemami? Jak wpływają na jakość wytwarzanego oprogramowania? Jakie są warunki krytyczne dla zapewnienia jakości produktu? Na te pytania odpowiemy w niniejszym artykule.

  • Problemy zagrażające bezpieczeństwu dzieci i ich rodziców w ruchu drogowym podczas podróży do szkoły na przykładzie Przymorza Małego w Gdańsku
    • Ewelina Dułak
    • Agnieszka Juchum
    • Joanna Wachnicka
    2021 Full text Transport Miejski i Regionalny

    Artykuł opisuje problemy wpływające negatywnie na bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego na obszarze Przymorza Małego, a także przedstawia pomysły, których realizacja powinna poprawić bezpieczeństwo pieszych, rowerzystów oraz kierowców pojazdów samochodowych poruszających się po tym obszarze. W pierwszej części przedstawiono informacje dotyczące stanu aktualnego analizowanego terenu, opisano zlokalizowane tutaj placówki oświatowe, a także ulice i drogi rowerowe. Analizie poddano stan bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego na obszarze Przymorza Małego poprzez rozpatrzenie wypadków drogowych, które miały miejsce na jego terenie. W artykule opisano wyniki badań ankietowych dotyczących bezpieczeństwa dzieci w drodze do szkoły i przedszkola. Dokonano również analizy pomiaru prędkości chwilowej przeprowadzonej w pobliżu placówek oświatowych oraz zbadano wpływ prędkości pojazdów na bezpieczeństwo uczniów. W artykule przedstawione zostały również wyniki audytów przejść dla pieszych na analizowanym terenie, a na ich podstawie wyznaczono mankamenty przejść oraz zaproponowano pomysły ich poprawy. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz, badań oraz pomiarów zdiagnozowano problemy negatywnie wpływające na poziom bezpieczeństwa ruchu drogowego na obszarze Przymorza Małego oraz zaproponowano pomysły poprawy. Słowa kluczowe: brd, droga do szkoły, bezpieczeństwo dzieci, bezpieczeństwo pieszych, uspokojenie ruchu, poprawa bezpieczeństwa.

  • Proces ciągłego doskonalenia wśród laureatów XXIII edycji Konkursu o Pomorską Nagrodę Jakości
    • Anna Wendt
    2021

    Model doskonałości można zdefiniować jako zbiór zasad kompleksowej oceny organizacji, który często wykorzystywany jest jako podstawa konkursów jakości. Europejski Model Doskonałości EFQM pozwala na doskonalenie organizacji m.in. poprzez kompleksowe podejście, identyfikację mocnych i słabych stron organizacji czy zwiększenie zaangażowania pracowników w doskonalenie. Celem niniejszego referatu jest analiza działań doskonalących zidentyfikowanych u laureatów XXIII edycji Konkursu o Pomorską Nagrodę Jakości, który tak jak Polska Nagroda Jakości swoje zasady opiera na Modelu EFQM. Analiza raportów tych jednostek dowodzi, że organizacje na najwyższym poziomie skuteczności zarządzania stosują wiele metod i narzędzi, które pozwalają na ciągłe doskonalenie procesów. Podmioty te wykazują podejście systemowe, monitorują wszystkie procesy w organizacji. Cały czas też analizują potrzeby i oczekiwania klientów. Kierownictwo daje dobry przykład i angażuje pracowników do zmian poprzez m.in. różnego rodzaju systemy motywacyjne. Otrzymane nagrody i wyróżnienia stanowią potwierdzenie zaangażowania laureatów w procesy ciągłego doskonalenia organizacji.

  • Process of Medical Dataset Construction for Machine Learning-Multifield Study and Guidelines
    • Jan Cychnerski
    • Tomasz Dziubich
    2021

    The acquisition of high-quality data and annotations is essential for the training of efficient machine learning algorithms, while being an expensive and time-consuming process. Although the process of data processing and training and testing of machine learning models is well studied and considered in the literature, the actual procedures of obtaining data and their annotations in collaboration with physicians are in most cases based on the personal intuition and suppositions of the researchers.

  • Processing, Performance Properties, and Storage Stability of Ground Tire Rubber Modified by Dicumyl Peroxide and Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymers
    • Paulina Wiśniewska
    • Łukasz Zedler
    • Krzysztof Formela
    2021 Full text Polymers

    In this paper, ground tire rubber was modified with dicumyl peroxide and a variable content (in the range of 0–15 phr) of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers characterized by different vinyl acetate contents (in the range of 18–39 wt.%). Modification of ground tire rubber was performed via an auto-thermal extrusion process in which heat was generated during internal shearing of the material inside the extruder barrel. The processing, performance properties, and storage stability of modified reclaimed ground tire rubber were evaluated based on specific mechanical energy, infrared camera images, an oscillating disc rheometer, tensile tests, equilibrium swelling, gas chromatography combined with a flame ionization detector, and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry. It was found that the developed formulas of modified GTR allowed the preparation of materials characterized by tensile strengths in the range of 2.6–9.3 MPa and elongation at break in the range of 78–225%. Moreover, the prepared materials showed good storage stability for at least three months and satisfied processability with commercial rubbers (natural rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber).

  • Production of six-degrees-of-freedom (6DoF) navigable audio using 30 Ambisonic microphones
    • Bartłomiej Mróz
    • Marek Kabaciński
    • Tomasz Ciotucha
    • Andrzej Rumiński
    • Tomasz Żernicki
    2021 Full text

    This paper describes a method for planning, recording, and post-production of six-degrees-of-freedom audio recorded with multiple 3rd order Ambisonic microphone arrays. The description is based on the example of recordings conducted in August 2020 with the Poznan Philharmonic Orchestra using 30 units of Zylia ZM-1S. A convenient way to prepare and organize such a big project is proposed – this involves details of stage planning, collecting needed equipment, management, and running the recording. Additionally, the placement of 2D and 360 cameras as well as the design of moving camera paths are described. Two use cases of the collected Ambisonic audio are proposed. The first one is a production of a virtual reality application using Unreal Engine 4 and Wwise. The second one uses a combination of the virtual scene from the previously mentioned application and a footage from a mobile, moving camera to create a so-called “walkthrough movie”. The proposed approach for six-degrees-of-freedom Ambisonic interpolation was evaluated on listening tests. Those tests demonstrate that it is possible to recreate a navigable 3D audio taking into account Ambisonic only input and given assumptions for microphone placement.

  • Progress on Roman and Weakly Connected Roman Graphs
    • Joanna Raczek
    • Rita Zuazua
    2021 Full text Mathematics

    A graph G for which γR(G)=2γ(G) is the Roman graph, and if γwcR(G)=2γwc(G), then G is the weakly connected Roman graph. In this paper, we show that the decision problem of whether a bipartite graph is Roman is a co-NP-hard problem. Next, we prove similar results for weakly connected Roman graphs. We also study Roman trees improving the result of M.A. Henning’s A characterization of Roman trees, Discuss. Math. Graph Theory 22 (2002). Moreover, we give a characterization of weakly connected Roman trees.

  • PROJEKT STANOWISKA DYDAKTYCZNEGO DO WYZNACZANIA CHARAKTERYSTYK POMP WIROWYCH
    • Norbert Ochał
    2021 Full text Journal of Polish CIMEEAC

    W artykule przedstawiono projekt oraz gotowe stanowisko do wyznaczenia charakterystyk przepływowych pomp wirowych w pracy indywidualnej oraz w wybranych wariantach współpracy szeregowej jak i równoległej. Obserwację parametrów kontrolnych pomp wirowych w różnych stanach pracy: dławienie przepływu, zmiana prędkości obrotowej. Dużą zaletą stanowiska jest wymuszanie obserwację zjawiska kawitacji.

  • Projekt "Walizka"
    • Dominika Krechowicz
    2021

    Projekt "Walizka", koncepcja: prof. dr hab. Zbigniew Szot Uniwersytet Artystyczny w Poznaniu, Wydział Malarstwa i Rysunku. W projekcie wzięło udział 23 artystów z Polski oraz z Czech, Niemiec, Gruzji I Japonii. Koncepcja projektu dotyczy szeroko pojętego tematu podróży. W obecnych czasach zagrożenia COVID-19 słowo „podróż” zaczyna nabierać zupełnie innego znaczenia. Żyjąc i tworząc w izolacji od wielu miesięcy, została stworzona wspólnie autonomiczna kolekcja prac, dedykowanych tylko tej walizce, która teraz jest wysyłana w podróż. Prace i walizka stanowią nierozłączną całość. Koncepcją projektu jest zaprezentowanie prac w wybranych miejscach oraz pozostawienie swojego znaku na wieku walizki. Wystawa została zaprezentowana w Galerii Szewska 16 w Poznaniu w terminie 19.04 - 04.05. 2021.

  • Projektowanie ukierunkowane na prosumpcję. Koncepcja domu do samodzielnego montażu
    • Robert Idem
    • Stanisław Kempa
    • Katarzyna Zielonko-Jung
    2021 Full text Builder

    Idea prosumpcji polega na włączaniu przyszłego użytkownika w proces powstawania dobra, z którego będzie w przyszłości korzystał. Zjawisko to pojawia się w architekturze i budownictwie w niewielkim zakresie, jednak dynamiczny rozwój technologii w coraz większym stopniu tworzy możliwości dla takiego podejścia. W artykule poruszono ideę prosumpcji w odniesieniu do procesu wznoszenia budynku. Przedstawiono kierunki, które można wyodrębnić na podstawie analizy podejmowanych współcześnie prób samodzielnego budowania. Na ich tle zaprezentowano autorską koncepcję systemu pozwalającego wznosić obiekty o niewielkiej skali samodzielnie przez osoby nieposiadające wiedzy w zakresie budownictwa. Koncepcja powstała w ramach poszukiwań badawczych typu research by design. Studium obejmuje ogólną koncepcję systemu oraz projekt jego wykorzystania przy wzniesieniu domu mieszkalnego rekreacyjnego o powierzchni 35 m2. Projekt pozwolił autorom na wstępną ocenę jego możliwości i ograniczeń oraz przewidywania, w jaki sposób można je rozwijać.

  • Promising Nanoparticle-Based Heat Transfer Fluids—Environmental and Techno-Economic Analysis Compared to Conventional Fluids
    • Natalia Czaplicka
    • Anna Grzegórska
    • Jan Wajs
    • Joanna Sobczak
    • Andrzej Rogala
    2021 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

    Providing optimal operating conditions is one of the major challenges for effective heating or cooling systems. Moreover, proper adjustment of the heat transfer fluid is also important from the viewpoint of the correct operation, maintenance, and cost efficiency of these systems. Therefore, in this paper, a detailed review of recent work on the subject of conventional and novel heat transfer fluid applications is presented. Particular attention is paid to the novel nanoparticle-based materials used as heat transfer fluids. In-depth comparison of environmental, technical, and economic characteristics is discussed. Thermophysical properties including thermal conductivity, specific heat, density, viscosity, and Prandtl number are compared. Furthermore, the possible benefits and limitations of various transfer fluids in the fields of application are taken into account.

  • Properties of Barium Cerate-Zirconate Thin Films
    • Piotr Winiarz
    • Monica Susana Covarrubias Campos
    • Mantas Sriubas
    • Kristina Bockute
    • Tadeusz Miruszewski
    • Wojciech Skubida
    • Daniel Jaworski
    • Giedrius Laukaitis
    • Maria Gazda
    2021 Full text Crystals

    In this work, we review several experimental results showing the electrical properties of barium cerate-zirconate thin films and discuss them in view of the possible influence of various factors on their properties. Most of the presented Ba(Ce, Zr, Y)O3 thin films were formed by the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique, however thin films prepared using other methods, like RF magnetron sputtering, electron-beam deposition, powder aerosol deposition (PAD), atomic layer deposition (ALD) and spray deposition are also reported. The electrical properties of the thin films strongly depend on the film microstructure. The influence of the interface layers, space-charge layers, and strain-modified layers on the total conductivity is also essential but in many cases is weaker.

  • Properties of Different Varieties of Durian
    • Supeeraya Arsa
    • Angkana Wipatanawin
    • Rachit Suwapanich
    • Orachorn Makkerdchoo
    • Niphattha Chatsuwan
    • Pensiri Kaewthong
    • Praphan Pinsirodom
    • Ruchira Taprap
    • Ratiporn Haruenkit
    • Sumitra Poovarodom
    • Martyna Lubinska-Szczygeł
    • Elena Katrich
    • Shela Gorinstein
    2021 Full text Applied Sciences

    Durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.), like many other exotic, tropical, and conventional fruits, is important in the prevention of different diseases. In this study, the characterization of the main bioactive compounds of the most popular cultivars of durian and their properties are described. The changes in the quality indices of the antioxidant status were determined by CUPRAC, ABTS, FRAP, DPPH, and ORAC assays. The profiling of phytochemicals was carried out by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For the first time, in vitro studies were performed by the interaction of extracted durian polyphenols with human serum proteins (HSP) such as human serum albumin (HSAlb), fibrinogen (HSFib) and globulin (HSGlo) as novel biomarkers of coronary artery disease (CAD). The fluorescence measurements of the resulting intensity and calculated binding properties of the interaction of polyphenols with proteins showed that the most reactive was Monthong durian cultivar. This study suggests that durian cultivars have relatively strong antioxidant, binding, and health potentials and could be a significant source of natural antioxidants used in daily fresh consumption and for functional foods.

  • Proteolysis of whey protein isolates in nanoemulsion systems: impact of nanoemulsification and additional synthetic emulsifiers
    • Patrycja Szumała
    • Aneta Pacyna-Kuchta
    • Andrzej Wasik
    2021 FOOD CHEMISTRY

    Nanoemulsions are currently of interest in the functional food sector because their small droplet size (100–500 nm) provides a number of potential advantages over conventional emulsions. This study concerned the behavior of nanoemulsions stabilized with whey proteins and two synthetic emulsifiers (Tween 80 and Croduret), and exposed to conditions simulating the human upper gastrointestinal tract. In particular, the effect of synthetic emulsifiers (food additives) on the interfacial composition and digestion rate of milk proteins at the interface of nanoemulsions was determined. The results indicate that the protein was partially co-absorbed with only one synthetic emulsifier (Croduret) at the interface, which made protein more resistant to digestion in the nano-emulsion system. This suggests that the degree of protein digestion can be controlled by appropriate selection of synthetic emulsifiers and presenting the protein in nanoemulsion system.

  • Prototype design and development of low-load-roof photovoltaic modules for applications in on-grid systems
    • Piotr Jerzy Grygiel
    • Jan Tarłowski
    • Marta Prześniak-Welenc
    • Marcin Łapiński
    • Jacek Łubiński
    • Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryń
    • Krzysztof Mik
    • Michał Bartmański
    • Daniel Pelczarski
    • Maciej Kwiatek
    2021 Full text SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS

    Four prototypes of lightweight photovoltaic modules for applications in on-grid systems have been designed, developed, manufactured and tested for compliance with relevant IEC standards. Selected, commercially available materials characterized by thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, dilatometry, scanning electron microscopy and nanoindentation technique were used in frameless, adhesively-bonded sandwich-structures carrying the interdigitated back contact solar cells. With dedicated manufacturing processes the prototype-dependent weight between 3.37 and 3.77 kg/m2, the STC-maximum power in the range of 221–239 Wp together with power conversion efficiencies of 19.98–20.71% were obtained. Millimetre-sized texture improved module's performance for steeper solar incidence angles. The self-cleaning capability of modules was enhanced by a hydrophobic material utilized in front linings. The structure of the prototypes helps to build non-intrusive installations on low-load capacity roofs, even in large-scale lightweight buildings.

  • Przed modernizmem - style w gdyńskiej architekturze lat dwudziestych
    • Maria Sołtysik
    2021

    Zarówno w historiografii architektury polskiej jak i europejskiej lata dwudzieste XX wieku omawiane są głównie w kontekście rodzącego się modernizmu. Nic w tym zresztą nie ma dziwnego, bo to właśnie ten nurt wyznaczał nowe trendy i w przyszłości decydować miał o dziejach architektury w całym stuleciu. Odchodziła w przeszłość trwająca od połowy XIX wieku epoka historyzmu, a zaczynała się epoka nowa, modernistyczna. Tak więc oblicze stylowe lat dwudziestych było niezwykle różnorodne i obok tendencji modernistycznych obecne były tendencje osadzone głęboko w tradycji historycznej. Celem rozdziału monograficznego było przedstawienie panoramy stylowej Gdyni w okresie historyzmu, a więc w okresie poprzedzającym rewolucyjne zmiany jakie w architekturze miasta wprowadziła modernistyczna awangarda. Publikację otwierają rozważania o przedmodernistycznej architekturze Polski i Gdyni na tle międzynarodowym. Następnie tematem są gdyńskie realizacje stylu dworkowego i zakopiańskiego. Kolejny podrozdział dotyczy specyficznej odmiany formacji narodowej, jaką był tzw. styl swojski. Rozdział kończy przedstawienie licznych realizacji klasycyzmu akademickiego w Gdyni.

  • Przedsiębiorczość cyfrowa oparta na blogu – wiwisekcja
    • Julita Wasilczuk
    2021

    Postęp technologiczny oraz powszechny dostęp do sieci przyczynił się do powstania różnych form przedsiębiorczości, które nie zawsze można zamknąć w ramy dotychczasowych teorii. Możliwość zarobkowania dzięki cyfrowemu połączeniu ze społecznością zgromadzoną wokół dziennika internetowego – bloga, przyczynia się do zwiększania liczby blogerów, jednak nie wszyscy blogerzy są w stanie wygenerować ze swojej działalności zyski. Wykorzystując metodę netnografii opisano zachowania przedsiębiorcze blogerów, opisując proces przedsiębiorczy oparty na prowadzeniu dziennika internetowego – bloga. Wskazano, że sam proces tworzenia bloga ma wiele wspólnego z procesem przedsiębiorczym, wykazano także analogie tego procesu do lean start-upu.

  • Przegląd metod szybkiego prototypowania algorytmów uczenia maszynowego w FPGA
    • Robert Smyk
    • Paweł Kowalski
    2021 Full text Poznan University of Technology Academic Journals. Electrical Engineering

    W artykule opisano możliwe do wykorzystania otwarte narzędzia wspomagające szybkie prototypowanie algorytmów uczenia maszynowego (ML) i sztucznej inteligencji (AI) przy użyciu współczesnych platform FPGA. Przedstawiono przykład szybkiej ścieżki przy realizacji toru wideo wraz z implementacją przykładowego algorytmu prze-twarzania w trybie na żywo.

  • Przegląd rozwiązań systemowych łączników balkonowych
    • Maciej Solarczyk
    • Paweł Piotrkowski
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    2021 Full text Przegląd Budowlany

    W artykule zamieszczono przegląd aktualnie stosowanych na rynku łączników balkonowych, przeprowadzono szczegółową analizę ich zalet i wad, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów wytrzymałościowych oraz izolacyjności termicznej

  • Przemiany metaboliczne in vitro niesymetrycznych bisakrydyn w układach bezkomórkowych i w komórkach nowotworowych oraz określenie wpływu tych pochodnych na aktywność enzymów metabolizujących leki
    • Anna Mieszkowska
    2021 Full text

    Przedmiotem badań prowadzonych w ramach niniejszej pracy doktorskiej są cztery niesymetryczne bisakrydyny: C-2028, C-2041, C-2045 i C-2053, wykazujące wysoką aktywność cytotoksyczną [Konopa i in. 2019]. Otrzymane wyniki wskazały, że każdy z pierścieni (imidazoakrydonu i 1-nitroakrydyny) obecny w strukturze badanych związków odgrywa inną rolę w wykazywanych przez nie właściwościach fizykochemicznych i biologicznych. Właściwości te różnią się też od tych wykazywanych przez ich monomeryczne analogi. Wszystkie związki podlegają w pewnym stopniu przemianom metabolicznym I fazy wobec enzymów mikrosomalnych i izoenzymów P450 2C19 i 3A4. Prowadzą one do czterech grup metabolitów. Związki C-2028, C-2045 i C-2053 metabolizują również wobec FMO1 do N-tlenku. Tylko związek C-2045 (analog z grupą hydroksylową w pierścieniu imidazoakrydonu) ulega glukuronidacji wobec izoenzymów UGT1A1, 1A9 i 1A10. Metabolit ten otrzymano również w komórkach HCT-116-1A10, jak i HT-29. Pozostałe związki nie wykazały zdolności do przemian metabolicznych w tych liniach komórkowych, a więc, aby wykazać efekt terapeutyczny nie wymagają uprzedniej biochemicznej aktywacji. Wszystkie cztery związki hamowały aktywność P4503A4 oraz modulowały aktywność UGT1A1 i UGT2B7. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują również, że w zależności od różnic ekspresji izoenzymów UGT w danej tkance, badane związki mogą powodować odmienny efekt.

  • Przemiany przestrzenne w obrębie średniowiecznego założenia klasztornego karmelitów przy kościele św. Józefa w Gdańsku w świetle wykopalisk archeologicznych
    • Monika Kasprzak
    • Piotr Samól
    2021 Archeologia Gdańska

    Artykuł dotyczy prac archeologicznych prowadzonych w latach 2017-2019 oraz opracowań architektonicznych wykonywanych w latach 2018-2019. Wprowadza nowe ustalenia na temat przekształceń zespołu karmelickiego w późnym średniowieczu tj. dla okresu po 1464 - ok. 1520. Ponadto wskazuje na możliwe usytuowanie zabudowań szpitala św. Jerzego (przed 1335 - przed 1464).

  • PRZE-MIESZKIWANIE [w ramach:] PUSTKA, wystawa zbiorowa
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    2021

    „Prze-mieszkiwanie” to praca ukazująca podstawową potrzebę i konieczność zapewnienia sobie przez wszelkie organizmy żywe, w tym w szczególności przez człowieka, bezpiecznej kryjówki w obliczu dojmującego poczucia postpandemicznej pustki i przymusowej izolacji, ale też kulturowego wykorzenienia. Metaforyczne wyobrażenia archetypicznej formy schronienia pokazuje jej adaptowalność do różnorodnych uwarunkowań, gdzie kontekst stanowi zadanie problemowe, na które odpowiedzią jest konkretna forma, spasowana do swojego otoczenia i odpowiadająca zastanej sytuacji przestrzennej.

  • Przemysł, zanieczyszczenie i klimat
    • Bartłomiej Cieślik
    2021

    W wielu doniesieniach literaturowych można znaleźć informacji o stale rosnącej średniej temperaturze na ziemi. Wiele gałęzi przemysłu bezpośrednio wpływa na klimat. Niektóre z nich, takie jak przemysł węglowy, paliwowy czy energetyczny, uznawane są za szczególnie problematyczne. Większość ludzi nie zdaje sobie jednak sprawy jak bardzo pozostałe gałęzie przemysłu mogą wpływać na zanieczyszczenie środowiska. Niektóre z nich pośrednio, mogą oddziaływać na jakość różnych elementów środowiska. To my, konsumenci mamy największy wpływ na to co wytwarza dla nas przemysł. Dlatego edukacja i uświadamianie społeczeństwa powinno znaleźć się na liście TOP 10 działań mających wpłynąć na poprawę stanu środowiska.

  • Przestrzenie nieoczywiste
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    2021

    Projektujemy naszą przyszłość poruszając się w przestrzeniach nieoczywistych, nienazwanych, niezmierzonych. Przekraczamy granice. Marzenia wypełniają sytuacje codzienne. Stąd czerpiemy energię do pokonywania trudności. Mierzenia się z wyzwaniami, szczególnie wobec spiętrzających się ograniczeń. Jak przywołać wyobrażenie sytuacji nienazwanych? Czy barwne plamy i linie opowiadają realne historie z przestrzeni nieoczywistych? Zapraszam do konfrontacji z moją wizją.

  • Przewodnik Architektoniczny=Architectural Guide=Architekturführer. Gdynia
    • Justyna Borucka
    • Harald Gatermann
    2021

    Gdynia is a unique city that is particularly interesting for architects due to its homogeneous architecture. The city, based on the structure of an earlier fishing village, was entirely designed and built from scratch in the interwar period, as was the case later for cities such as Brasilia and Chandigarh. Today, Gdynia is a modern port town that forms the Tri-City metropolitan area together with Gdańsk, the city of amber, and Sopot, an internationally popular seaside resort. Gdańsk was completely destroyed during the Second World War and was subsequently rebuilt as Polish Gdańsk; it serves as a bright example of reconstruction in Poland. Sopot is considered a museum of architecture from the turn of the twentieth century, full of Art Nouveau villas and nostalgic baths. Gdynia, in turn, is a city of avant-garde modernism from the 1920s and 1930s. Thus, the Tri-City combines three great trends of the past century which are the subject of intense debates among architects. This architectural guide is an excerpt from a broader publication, Architekturfuehrer Danzig: Gdańsk Sopot Gdynia, concerning the Tri-City metropolitan region. It presents the modern and unique city of Gdynia by way of eight city walks. The two authors go on a tour around Gdynia, presenting around 80 buildings and projects. The architectural descriptions, accompanied by an extensive collection of plans and photographs, offer ideal guidance for those who wish to get to know the city.

  • Przyrządy do docierania powierzchni płaskich i płasko-równoległych docierakami aktywizowanymi w sposób swobodny i wymuszony
    • Adam Barylski
    2021

    Przedstawiono konstrukcje przyrządów do docierania powierzchni płaskich i płasko-równoległych elementów o niewielkich wymiarach gabarytowych. Analizowano wersje oprzyrządowania w aspekcie łatwości obsługi przy docieraniu dwutarczowym z obiegowym układem kinematycznym i przy użyciu dawkowanej okresowo pasty ściernej. Opracowano też koncepcję zmechanizowanej aktywizacji wymuszonej powierzchni roboczej tarczy docierającej mikroziarnami ściernymi

  • PTD4 Peptide Increases Neural Viability in an In Vitro Model of Acute Ischemic Stroke
    • Jarosław Mazuryk
    • Izabela Puchalska
    • Kamil Koziński
    • Magdalena J. Ślusarz
    • Jarosław Ruczyński
    • Piotr Rekowski
    • Piotr Rogujski
    • Rafał Płatek
    • Marta Barbara Wiśniewska
    • Arkadiusz Piotrowski
    • Łukasz Janus
    • Piotr M. Skowron
    • Michał Pikuła
    • Paweł Sachadyn
    • Sylwia Rodziewicz-Motowidło
    • Artur Czupryn
    • Piotr Mucha
    2021 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

    Ischemic stroke is a disturbance in cerebral blood flow caused by brain tissue ischemia and hypoxia. We optimized a multifactorial in vitro model of acute ischemic stroke using rat primary neural cultures. This model was exploited to investigate the pro-viable activity of cell-penetrating peptides: arginine-rich Tat(49–57)-NH2 (R49KKRRQRRR57-amide) and its less basic analogue, PTD4 (Y47ARAAARQARA57-amide). Our model included glucose deprivation, oxidative stress, lactic acidosis, and excitotoxicity. Neurotoxicity of these peptides was excluded below a concentration of 50 μm, and PTD4-induced pro-survival was more pronounced. Circular dichroism spectroscopy and molecular dynamics (MD) calculations proved potential contribution of the peptide conformational properties to neuroprotection: in MD, Tat(49–57)-NH2 adopted a random coil and polyproline type II helical structure, whereas PTD4 adopted a helical structure. In an aqueous environment, the peptides mostly adopted a random coil conformation (PTD4) or a polyproline type II helical (Tat(49–57)-NH2) structure. In 30% TFE, PTD4 showed a tendency to adopt a helical structure. Overall, the pro-viable activity of PTD4 was not correlated with the arginine content but rather with the peptide’s ability to adopt a helical structure in the membrane-mimicking environment, which enhances its cell membrane permeability. PTD4 may act as a leader sequence in novel drugs for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke.

  • PTR-MS and electronic nose application for volatile fraction analysis of cigar tobacco
    • Paweł Jacek Hać
    • Julia Dobosz
    • Łukasz Kołodziejski
    • Bartłomiej Cieślik
    • Piotr Konieczka
    2021

    Cigar consumers attach great importance to the quality of these products. At the same time, cigars are often expensive, so destructive analytical methods of quality control are not being desired. However, it has been found that there are many volatile organic compounds in their headspace. Because of that, proton transfer reaction–mass spectrometry and electronic nose were used to analyse it. The obtained results were used to distinguish between cigars of different quality.

  • Public Perception of Digital Contact Tracing App and Implications for Technology Acceptance and Use Models
    • Adegboyega Ojo
    • Nina Rizun
    2021

    Governments are increasingly adopting digital contact tracing applications (DCT) as a key component of their response to the COVID-19 pandemic. However, governments are struggling to achieve widespread adoption of DCT necessary for obtaining the expected individual and public benefits associated with its use. Consequently, studies on DCT have focused on the barriers to DCT adoption in different contexts and possible ways of overcoming some of the public concerns regarding the technology. Given the global nature of this innovation, this study explores extant literature and the public perception of DCT expressed in public tweets from different regions of the world. Our findings reveal emergent factors associated with the diffusion and adoption of the technology and enable us to better account for the ambivalent nature of DCT and its public-health innovation context in technology adoption models such as UTAUT.

  • Pulsed UV-irradiated Graphene Sensors for Ethanol Detection at Room Temperature
    • Katarzyna Drozdowska
    • Adil Rehman
    • Pavlo Sai
    • Bartłomiej Stonio
    • Aleksandra Krajewska
    • Grzegorz Cywiński
    • Maciej Haras
    • S. Rumyantsev
    • Janusz Smulko
    • Andrzej Kwiatkowski
    2021 Full text

    A graphene-based gas sensor fabricated in a FET (GFET) configuration and its sensitivity towards ethanol and methane is reported. Detection of ethanol at the level of 100 ppm was observed under pulsed UV irradiation and after cleaning by UV light in the N2 ambient. Reduction of the frequency of UV irradiation pulses resulted in increased changes in sensor resistance in the presence of ethanol. Improved sensing behavior was ascribed to more effective diffusion and adsorption processes at the graphene surface during low-frequency UV light pulses. Additionally, modulation of charge carrier density allowed more pronounced sensor responses at higher gate voltages (~30 V). GFET was insensitive to methane (200 ppm) at room temperature, regardless of irradiation frequency used, suggesting the potential application of selective gas sensing capability of graphene-based devices.

  • Pulse-Width Modulation of Power Electronic DC–AC Converter
    • Atif Iqbal
    • Arkadiusz Lewicki
    • Marcin Morawiec
    2021

    The Second Edition of High Performance Control of AC Drives with Matlab®/Simulink delivers an updated and thorough overview of topics central to the understanding of AC motor drive systems. The book includes new material on medium voltage drives, covering state-of-the-art technologies and challenges in the industrial drive system, as well as their components, and control, current source inverter-based drives, PWM techniques for multilevel inverters, and low switching frequency modulation for voltage source inverters.

  • Pulse-Width Modulation Template for Five-Level Switch-Clamped H-Bridge-Based Cascaded Multilevel Inverter
    • Charles Ikechukwu Odeh
    • Dmytro Kondratenko
    • Arkadiusz Lewicki
    • Marcin Morawiec
    • Andrzej Jąderko
    • Janusz Baran
    2021 Full text ENERGIES

    This article presents a carrier-based pulse-width modulation (PWM) template for a 5-level, H bridge-based cascaded multilevel inverter (MLI). The developed control concept generates adequate modulation template for this inverter topology wherein a sinusoidal modulating waveform is modified to fit in a single triangular carrier signal range. With this modulation approach, classical multiplicity and synchronization of the triangular carrier signals criterion for the extension of sinusoidal pulse-width modulation, SPWM, to several cascaded 5-level, H-bridge-based MLI topology are removed. The proposed template can be used on the inverter configuration of any level with no further control modification. Nearly even distribution of switching pulses and equalized individual cascaded cell output power were achieved with the proposed modulation scheme. Three 5-level, H-bridge-based MLI units were cascaded for 1-phase, 13-level inverter operation; simulation and experimental results are adequately presented.

  • Pyrolysis of Pruning Residues from Various Types of Orchards and Pretreatment for Energetic Use of Biochar
    • Paweł Kazimierski
    • Paulina Hercel
    • Tomasz Suchocki
    • Jakub Smoliński
    • Agnieszka Pladzyk
    • Dariusz Kardaś
    • Justyna Łuczak
    • Katarzyna Januszewicz
    2021 Full text Materials

    The routine pruning and cutting of fruit trees provides a considerable amount of biowaste each year. This lignocellulosic biomass, mainly in the form of branches, trunks, rootstocks, and leaves, is a potential high-quality fuel, yet often is treated as waste. The results of a feasibility study on biochar production by pyrolysis of residues from orchard pruning were presented. Three types of biomass waste were selected as raw materials and were obtained from the most common fruit trees in Poland: apple (AP), pear (PR), and plum (PL) tree prunings. Two heating rates and three final pyrolysis temperatures were applied. For the slow (SP) and fast pyrolysis (FP) processes, the heating rates were 15 °C/min and 100 °C/min, respectively. The samples were heated from 25 °C up to 400, 500, and 600 °C. Chemical analyses of the raw materials were conducted, and the pyrolysis product yields were determined. A significant rise of higher heating value (HHV) was observed for the solid pyrolysis products, from approximately 23.45 MJ/kg for raw materials up to approximately 29.52 MJ/kg for pyrolysis products at 400 °C, and 30.53 MJ/kg for pyrolysis products at 600 °C. Higher carbon content was observed for materials obtained by fast pyrolysis conducted at higher temperatures

  • QUALITY GAPS IN HIGHER EDUCATION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF STUDENTS
    • Piotr Grudowski
    • Katarzyna, Szczepańska
    2021 Full text Foundations of Management

    The presented research work relates to the category of quality in higher education. This article aims to present the determinants of the quality of education in the context of international standards. The background of the considerations is the Bologna Declaration and the European Higher Education Area. The results of the research carried out with the use of the nominal group method and the data analysis carried out based on the SERVQUAL model for education revealed groups of quality determi-nants that are not included in the standards of internal quality assurance. It has been found that the prin-ciple of autonomy of universities in the European Higher Education Area is a sufficient basis to include the determinants of the quality of education identified by internal stakeholders of a given university in the internal quality of education assurance system.

  • Quality of Satellite Communication in Selected Mobile Android Smartphones
    • Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
    2021 Full text Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska

    Today, thanks to mobile devices, satellite communication is available to anyone and everywhere. Gaining information on one’s position using GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems), particularly in unknown urban environments, had become an everyday activity. With the widespread of mobile devices, particularly smartphones, each person can obtain information considering his or her location anytime and everywhere. This paper is focused on a study, considering the quality of satellite communication in case of selected mobile terminals. It describes a measurement campaign carried out in varying urban environments, including a set of Android-powered smartphones coming from different manufacturers. Based on this, respective conclusions and remarks are given, which can aid consumers as well as device manufacturers and application developers.

  • Quantitative fluorescent determination of DNA – Ochratoxin a interactions supported by nitrogen-vacancy rich nanodiamonds
    • Wioleta Białobrzeska
    • Maciej Głowacki
    • Monika Janik
    • Mateusz Ficek
    • Krzysztof Pyrchla
    • Sawczak Mirosław
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    • Natalia Malinowska
    • Sabina Żołędowska
    • Dawid Nidzworski
    2021 Full text JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS

    Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a hazardous contaminant of a large variety of plant and animal originated food. Herein, we report an interaction of OTA with calf thymus DNA (ct DNA) on the nanodiamond surface. We employed multispectroscopic techniques to elucidate the binding mechanism of OTA with ct DNA. The fluorescence and UV–Vis spectroscopy results show that OTA binds to ds ct DNA and forms complexes. We obtained the binding constants of OTA and ct DNA using fluorescence quenching and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The binding constant (Kb) for the interaction of OTA with ct DNA was determined using spectroscopic methods and was determined as 3.27 × 105 M−1 (UV–Vis) and 8.12 × 105 M−1 (fluorescence) for nanodiamond in green tea beverage OTA. Performed analyses directly indicate that OTA can interact with calf thymus DNA in a groove-binding mode as proved by the hyperchromic effect of the absorption spectra. This study of OTA–ct DNA interaction may provide novel insights into the toxicological effect of the mycotoxins.

  • Quantitative Risk Assessment in Construction Disputes Based on Machine Learning Tools
    • Hubert Anysz
    • Magdalena Apollo
    • Beata Grzyl
    2021 Full text Symmetry-Basel

    A high monetary value of the construction projects is one of the reasons of frequent disputes between a general contractor (GC) and a client. A construction site is a unique, one-time, and single-product factory with many parties involved and dependent on each other. The organizational dependencies and their complexity make any fault or mistake propagate and influence the final result (delays, cost overruns). The constant will of the parties involved results in completing a construction object. The cost increase, over the expected level, may cause settlements between parties difficult and lead to disputes that often finish in a court. Such decision of taking a client to a court may influence the future relations with a client, the trademark of the GC, as well as, its finance. To ascertain the correctness of the decision of this kind, the machine learning tools as decision trees (DT) and artificial neural networks (ANN) are applied to predict the result of a dispute. The dataset of about 10 projects completed by an undisclosed contractor is analyzed. Based on that, a much bigger database is simulated for automated classifications onto the following two classes: a dispute won or lost. The accuracy of over 93% is achieved, and the reasoning based on results from DT and ANN is presented and analyzed. The novelty of the article is the usage of in-company data as the independent variables what makes the model tailored for a specific GC. Secondly, the calculation of the risk of wrong decisions based on machine learning tools predictions is introduced and discussed

  • Quantum and carbon dots conjugated molecularly imprinted polymers as advanced nanomaterials for selective recognition of analytes in environmental, food and biomedical applications
    • Monika Sobiech
    • Piotr Luliński
    • Piotr Paweł Wieczorek
    • Mariusz Marć
    2021 TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY

    Samples with complex matrix analyzed during explanation of pathogenesis of various diseases and food or environmental monitoring request advanced analytical and instrumental devices. Among the materials used for described purposes, quantum (QDs) or carbon dots (CDs) layered by molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) shells have gained widespread attention. Unique optical and physicochemical properties of QDs/CDs together with high MIPs selectivity make the QD/CD-MIP conjugates capable of adsorbing specific target molecules e such a binding event is then transduced as the optical signal of the response by the QDs/CDs. This review includes brief introduction on principles of imprinting process, QD/CD properties and QD/CD-MIP preparation techniques. Then, recent advancement of QD/CD-MIP in bioanalysis including environmental, biological and food samples investigations are summarized and emphasized. Finally, current limits of QD/CD-MIPs are defined and prospects are outlined to intensify the capability of QD/CD-MIP in future bioanalytical procedures

  • Quantum Dots as a Good Carriers of Unsymmetrical Bisacridines for Modulating Cellular Uptake and the Biological Response in Lung and Colon Cancer Cells
    • Joanna Pilch
    • Patrycja Kowalik
    • Piotr Bujak
    • Anna M. Nowicka
    • Ewa Augustin
    2021 Full text Nanomaterials

    Nanotechnology-based drug delivery provides a promising area for improving the efficacy of cancer treatments. Therefore, we investigate the potential of using quantum dots (QDs) as drug carriers for antitumor unsymmetrical bisacridine derivatives (UAs) to cancer cells. We examine the influence of QD–UA hybrids on the cellular uptake, internalization (Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope), and the biological response (flow cytometry and light microscopy) in lung H460 and colon HCT116 cancer cells. We show the time- dependent cellular uptake of QD–UA hybrids, which were more efficiently retained inside the cells compared to UAs alone, especially in H460 cells, which could be due to multiple endocytosis pathways. In contrast, in HCT116 cells, the hybrids were taken up only by one endocytosis mechanism. Both UAs and their hybrids induced apoptosis in H460 and HCT116 cells (to a greater extent in H460). Cells which did not die underwent senescence more efficiently following QDs–UAs treatment, compared to UAs alone. Cellular senescence was not observed in HCT116 cells following treatment with both UAs and their hybrids. Importantly, QDgreen/red themselves did not provoke toxic responses in cancer or normal cells. In conclusion, QDs are good candidates for targeted UA delivery carriers to cancer cells while protecting normal cells from toxic drug activities.

  • Quantum randomness protected against detection loophole attacks
    • Piotr Mironowicz
    • Gustavo Cañas
    • Jaime Cariñe
    • Esteban S. Gómez
    • Johanna F. Barra
    • Adán Cabello
    • Guilherme B. Xavier
    • Gustavo Lima
    • Marcin Pawłowski
    2021 Quantum Information Processing

    Device and semi-device-independent private quantum randomness generators are crucial for applications requiring private randomness. However, they are vulnerable to detection inefficiency attacks and this limits severely their usage for practical purposes. Here, we present a method for protecting semi-device-independent private quantum randomness generators in prepare-and-measure scenarios against detection inefficiency attacks. The key idea is the introduction of a blocking device that adds failures in the communication between the preparation and measurement devices. We prove that, for any detection efficiency, there is a blocking rate that provides protection against these attacks. We experimentally demonstrate the generation of private randomness using weak coherent states and standard avalanche photo-detectors.

  • QUASI-DISTRIBUTED NETWORK OF LOW-COHERENCE FIBER-OPTIC FABRY-PÉROT SENSORS WITH CAVITY LENGTH-BASED ADDRESSING
    • Katarzyna Karpienko
    • Marcin Marzejon
    • Adam Mazikowski
    • Jerzy Pluciński
    2021 Full text Metrology and Measurement Systems

    Distributed measurement often relies on sensor networks. In this paper, we present the construction of low coherent fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot sensors connected into a quasi-distributed network. We discuss the mechanism of spectrum modulation in this type of sensor and the constraints of assembly of such sensors in the network. Particular attention was paid to separate the signals from individual sensors, which can be achieved by cavity length-based addressing. We designed and built a laboratory model of a temperature sensors network. The employed sensors are lowcoherence Fabry-Pérot interferometric sensors in fiber-optics configuration. The extrinsic sensor cavity utilizes the thermal expansion of ceramics, and the sensors are addressed by the different lengths of the cavities. The obtained test results show that the signal components from each sensor can be successfully separated, and the number of sensors could be expanded depending on the FWHM of the light source