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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2015

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  • The Simulation of Activated Sludge System for Optimization of Predictive Aeration at Large WWTP
    • Jakub Drewnowski
    • Anna Remiszewska-Skwarek
    2015

    Effective use of biodegradable substrates as an internal carbon sources (ICS) for denitrification and EBPR and predicting performance of aeration systems during nitrification in activated sludge bioreactors, may be useful in realization the sustainable development by potentially saving energy consumption at WWTPs. A large number of WWTPs use activated sludge systems with an integrated removal of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus under anaerobic-aerobic conditions. Therefore, the aeration control in activated sludge bioreactors is very important, because it is one of the most energy-consuming processes in the wastewater treatment. The aeration system can absorb from 50% to 90% of the electricity consumed by the WWTP (depending on size and technological solutions of plant), which generate 15-40% of the total cost for energy consumption in budget of the wastewater treatment. Challenges with optimization of aeration systems in existing WWTP and ongoing process in the bioreactors depended mostly from the complexity of the process and the impact of various factors on the maintenance of stability and high efficiency of wastewater treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the correctness of the modernization carried out at a large biological nutrient removal (BNR) Debogorze WWTP, which serves Gdynia agglomeration (northern Poland), to optimizing energy consumption by the predictive control of the aeration system in bioreactors. The comparative experimental and modeling study confirmed, that using predictive aeration control (maintaining even a relatively low concentration of oxygen in the bioreactor), has not affected the condition of activated sludge as well as biochemical processes rates such as AUR/OUR and COD utilization. Moreover energy consumption at WWTP was lower after the modernization of biological step completed in 2009, obtaining stable quality of treated wastewater, which meet the requirements (N=10, P=1 mg/dm3) of effluent according to EU Directive.

  • The stereostructure of candicidin D.
    • Katarzyna Szwarc-Karabyka
    • Paweł Szczeblewski
    • Paweł Sowiński
    • Edward Borowski
    • Jan Pawlak
    2015 JOURNAL OF ANTIBIOTICS

    The candicidin D stereostructure was established based on NMR studies including DQF-COSY, ROESY, HSQC and HMBC experiments. The relative configurations of the candicidin D stereogenic centers were assigned as the following: 9R*, 11S*, 13S*, 15R*, 17S*, 18R*, 19S*, 21R*, 36S*, 37R*, 38S*, 40S* and 41S*. The geometry of the heptaene chromophore was defined as 22E, 24E, 26Z, 28Z, 30E, 32E and 34E.

  • The structure, including stereochemistry, of levorin A1
    • Katarzyna Szwarc-Karabyka
    • Paweł Szczeblewski
    • Paweł Sowiński
    • Edward Borowski
    • Jan Pawlak
    2015 MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY

    The constitution and stereostructure of levorin A1 1, an aromatic heptaeneantifungal antibiotic, was established on the basis of NMR studies, which contained DQFCOSY,ROESY, HSQC and HMBC experiments. Mycosamine moiety was used as an internalchiral probe to determine the absolute configuration of levorin A1 stereogenic centers: 13S,15R, 17S, 18R, 19S, 21R. The relative configuration of the remaining stereogenic centers wasassigned as follows: 36S*, 37R*, 38S*, 40S* and 41S*. The configuration at C-5 still remainsto be established. The geometry of the heptaene chromophore was defined as 22E, 24E, 26Z,28Z, 30E, 32E and 34E.

  • The study on possibilities of recovery non-magnetic fraction by utilisation the magnetic separation technology in conditions of KGHM Polska Miedz S.A. division of concentrators = Próby odzysku frakcji niemagnetycznej metodą separacji magnetycznej w warunkach KGHM Polska Miedź S.A. Oddział Zakłady Wzbogacania Rud
    • Andrzej Konieczny
    • Witold Pawlos
    • Małgorzata Krzemińska
    • Katarzyna Księżniak
    2015

    W referacie przybliżono wyniki badań prowadzonych w kierunku określenia możliwości odzysku frakcji niemagnetycznej i słabomagnetycznej ze strumieni materiałowych O/ZWR, poprzez wykorzystanie metody separacji magnetycznej. Przeprowadzony cykl badawczy obejmował analizę występowania frakcji magnetycznej i związanej z nią frakcji niemagnetycznej w obiegach technologicznych w Rejonie ZWR Lubin, oraz możliwości ich odzysku. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że frakcja magnetyczna, którą stanowi występujące w obiegu żelazo, jest związana z frakcją niemagnetyczną tj. minerałami użytecznymi. W związku z tym odzysk żelaza metodami magnetycznymi, ma wpływ na odzysk minerałów użytecznych, co bezpośrednio wpływa na zwiększenie uzysku miedzi i srebra. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań, a przede wszystkim analizy techniczno-technologicznej, wykazano że metoda separacji magnetycznej może być wykorzystana w O/ZWR jako metoda uzupełniająca w stosunku do podstawowych technologii.

  • THE SYNCHROSQUEEZING METHOD IN BEARING ESTIMATION OF STATIONARY SIGNALS FOR PASSIVE SONAR WITH TOWED ARRAY
    • Krzysztof Czarnecki
    • Wojciech Leśniak
    2015 Full text HYDROACOUSTICS

    In this paper, a novel method of bearing estimation in a passive sonar system with a towed array is introduced. The classical approach of bearing estimation based on the spatial spectrum [1] is extended by using the synchrosqeezing method that is a part of the reassignment method introduced by Kodera et al. [2]. Using this method leads to a precise bearing estimation. The proposed method requires a relatively small amount of computation, because of the possibility of using the FFT algorithm. Moreover, the immunity of the method against AWGN is tested for a selected sonar array with respect to the direction of arrival and the signal frequency.

  • The Syntheses and Crystal Structures of the First Disiloxane-1,3-dithiol and Its Cadmium Complex.
    • Anna Ciborska
    • Eleonora Conterosito
    • Marco Milanesio
    • Katarzyna Kazimierczuk
    • Katarzyna Rzymowska
    • Krzysztof Brzozowski
    • Anna Dołęga
    2015 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

    The new silicon–sulfur compound: disiloxane-1,3-dithiol was obtained from silicon disulfide and 2,6-diisopropylphenol in a reaction catalyzed by imidazole or 4-(dimethylamino)pyridine (DMAP). Crystal structure of disiloxane–1,3-dithiol reveals a close-to-linear Si–O–Si angle and a mutual trans position of the two hydrosulfido groups. The compound forms a chelating mononuclear complex with cadmium ions.

  • THE THERMODYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF THE SZEWALSKI HIERARCHIC VAPOUR CYCLE COOPERATED WITH THE SYSTEM OF HEAT RECOVERY
    • Paweł Ziółkowski
    • Tomasz Kowalczyk
    • Jakub Hernet
    • Sebastian Kornet
    2015 Transactions of the Institute of Fluid-Flow Machinery

    In this paper, thermodynamic analysis of the Szewalski hierarchic vapour cycle cooperated with the system of heat recovery from exhaust gases are presented. According to that purpose, the CFM (Computation Flow Mechanics [1,3]) approach has correctly been used. The whole system consists of the first traditional steam cycle, the second organic Rankine cycle (ORC) and system of heat recovery with use of water with temperature 90 oC. The Szewalski binary vapour cycle is providing steam as the working fluid in the high temperature part of the cycle, while another fluid – organic working fluid - as the working substance substituting conventional steam over the temperature range represented by the low pressure steam expansion [2,3,4]. It has been assumed that at the disposal is the theoretical rate of heat of water equal to 200 MWt from exhaust gases to use for heating low boiling point fluid. In fig. 1 the power NelRU and the reference efficiency ηre of the Szewalski hierarchic vapour cycle with and without using waste heat vs temperature of condensing water Tcon,W , the type of low boiling fluid has been presented.

  • The Transmission Protocol of Sensor Ad Hoc Networks
    • Andrzej Marczak
    2015

    This paper presents a secure protocol for a radio Ad Hoc sensor network. This network uses the TDMA multiple access method. The transmission rate on the radio channel is 57.6 kbps. The paper presents the construction of frames, types of packets and procedures for the authentication, assignment of time slots available to the node, releasing assigned slots and slots assignment conflict detection.

  • The Use of Electronic Nose for Sunflower and Rapeseed Oil Classification
    • Natalia Nosal
    • Tomasz Dymerski
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    2015

    The electronic nose is an analytical device often used in food industries to examine the authenticity of their products. The use of the electronic nose allows for a rapid assessment of the quality of food. The oil samples from sunflower and rapeseed were used in this study. Both oil samples were kept inside the thermostat incubator at different ranging from 20oC to 180oC with increment of 40oC. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were employed to evaluate the data. The results confirmed that the electronic nose was successfully used to distinguish the oil samples from sunflower and rapeseed.

  • The Use of Electronic Nose for Sunflower and Rapeseed Oil Classification
    • Natalia Nosal
    • Tomasz Dymerski
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    2015

    The electronic nose is an analytical device often used in food industries to examine the authenticity of their products. The use of the electronic nose allows for a rapid assessment of the quality of food. The oil samples from sunflower and rapeseed were used in this study. Both oil samples were kept inside the thermostat incubator at different ranging from 20oC to 180oC with increment of 40oC. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were employed to evaluate the data. The results confirmed that the electronic nose was successfully used to distinguish the oil samples from sunflower and rapeseed.

  • The use of lightweight aggregate saturated with PCM as a temperature stabilizing material for road surfaces.
    • Michał Ryms
    • Witold Lewandowski
    • Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
    • Hubert Denda
    • Patrycja Wcisło-Kucharek
    2015 APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING

    This paper presents the possibility of adding lightweight building aggregates to increase the stability – mechanical as well as thermal - of constructions and road objects. This stability can be achieved through saturating the porous granules of aggregate with a phase-change material (PCM) that allows the accumulation of solar heat. Intense solar radiation, especially during the summer, can cause the asphalt on road surfaces, bridges and parking lots to melt, thus protecting the structure from further overheating. The absence of asphalt layers results in thermal stress and strain conditions causes accelerated wear of road surface. Lightweight aggregate, previously used to reduce the weight of the structures, while maintaining the bearing capacity similar to that offered by conventional concrete structures, thereby gains a new functionality, as a temperature stabilizing material. The paper contains a review of several phase-change materials as well as a study justifying the choice of ceresin, a product of crude oil distillation, as a suitable material for such applications. Information about the aggregate and its possible applications, and a proposed method of saturating the aggregate with ceresin has also been collected and presented. With the help of quantitative research conducted through the use of differential scanning calorimetry, the characteristic of thermodynamic parameters of pure ceresin and Expanded Clay Aggregate (Pollytag) saturated with ceresin was determined. Simulation tests conducted under real conditions on two asphalt surfaces (0.32 x 0.22 x 0.15 m), one of which contained the PCM while the other did not, have shown that even a small addition of ceresin (3% mass relative to the weight of the ground) causes a reduction in surface temperature of about 5 K within the tested temperature range of 318.15 to 338.15 K.

  • The Use of Liquid Crystal Thermography an Image Processing in Heat and Fluid-Flow Research
    • Jan Stąsiek
    • Marcin Jewartowski
    2015

    Liquid crystal thermography (LCT) have been used in many technical, industrial and biomedical applications [1]. During over 20 years it has been successfully applied in Department of Energy and Industrial Apparatus at Gdansk University of Technology for visualization of steady-state and transient temperature fields. In order to demonstrate feasibility of LCT techniques in practical heat transfer contexts, the authors have performed several experiments. The paper presents some results of LCT measurements carried out during these years.

  • The use of low-coherence interferometer for sugar content determination
    • Małgorzata Szczerska
    2015

    In this article, the implementation of low-coherence interferometer with signal processing in time domain for sugar content determination in aqueous solution is presented. The elaborated measurement set-up was tested with the use of synthesized source made of two low-coherence sources. The use of two sources with dedicated parameters enabled to obtain a proper metrological parameters of the measurement system. The elaborated low-coherence system enables to measure sugar content in aqueous solution with correlation coefficient R2 equal to 1, and the relative error of measurement in the range of ± 5,8%.

  • The use of Markov chains in the social convergence analysis
    • Marta Kuc-Czarnecka
    2015

    The main goal of this article is to analyze the social convergence process using Markov chains. In this research, term social convergence refers to the reduction of dispersion in the standard of living among countries. The use of Markov chains in the social convergence analysis allowed describing movements of observational units within the distribution and providing more details about the mechanism of the convergence process. A taxonomy spatial measure of development, proposed by Antczak, was used as the standard of living approximation. The use of a new approach allowed to explain the disparities in the analyzed phenomenon by taking into account the immeasurable spatial factor. The analysis included 24 Member States of the European Union over 1995-2012 period. The results of the analysis indicate the existence of convergence in the European Union.

  • THE USE OF MORPHOLOGICAL FILTERS AND GRANULOMETRIC METHOD TO ANALYZE THE MOVEMENT OF THE MOLECULES IN THE SEA WATER OF THE SOUTHERN BALTIC SEA
    • Jakub Szulwic
    • Marcin Serafin
    • Artur Janowski
    • Marek Przyborski
    2015

    Modern granulometry opens a new way of analysing images by means of morphological filters. In this paper a closer look has been presented on the problem of interpreting information about the features and conditions of marine environment from images taken at the sea coast and shallow water. Using this method allows for example selection of the objects on the image according to the differences in shape. Processes occurring in the shallow water, especially in the vicinity of the coast, influences the entire environment thus they play very important role. For example sea surface currents depends on them. By means of the mentioned above method author s would like to investigate this phenomenon. The use of mathematical transformations in terms of grain size morphological parameters such as size distribution and density of grain size range of the particles in the medium can be calculated. The results of such research may play important role in the field of SAR (Search and Rescue).

  • The use of selected analytical techniques for pollutants determination in the environmental samples collected from the Arctic regions
    • Klaudia Kosek
    • Żaneta Polkowska
    2015

    The paper concern importance of the use of analytical techniques for pollutants determination in the Arctic based on the example of total organic carbon, phenolsandformaldehyde determinationandmeasurementofpHand electrical conductivity parameters in surfacewater samples collected fromthe Revelva catchment.

  • The use of thin diamond films in fiber optic low-coherence interferometers”
    • Daria Majchrowicz
    • Katarzyna Karpienko
    2015 Full text IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

    In this paper we present the use of thin diamond films in fiber-optic low-coherence interferometers. Two kinds of diamond surfaces were used: undoped diamond film and boron-doped diamond film. They were deposited on glass plates as well as silicon layers. A conventionally used mirror was used as a reference layer. Diamond films were deposited using Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapour Deposition (μPE CVD) system. Measurements were performed using two superluminescent diodes (SLD) with wavelengths of 1300 mm and 1550 mm. The optimal conditions for each layers were examined: the required wavelength of the light source and the length of Fabry-Perot interferometer cavity. Metrological parameters of Fabry-Perot interferometer with different mirrors were compared. The presented thin diamond films may be an interesting alternative to the commonly used reflective surfaces.

  • THE VIBRATION BASED DIAGNOSTICS OF SHIP PROPULSION SYSTEMS
    • Zbigniew Korczewski
    • Jacek Rudnicki
    2015

    The article has been worked out on the basis of the report devoted to the conducted diagnostic investigations of the ship main propulsion unit’s mechanical system. Gdansk University of Technology has been ordered with such investigations by the repair Shipyard carrying out the ship’s overhaul. Diagnostic tests involved measurements and analyses of the vibration signals generated in selected constructional kinematic pairs of the identical (twin) starboard and portside marine propulsion lines. The vibration signals have been registered at the representative load ranges. By this way the stability of the considered mechanical unit has been estimated both in a global and local sense. Appearing at that time the resonance phenomena which result in a kinetic energy dissipation of the ship main propulsion unit’s masses being in a rotational movement have been identified. There have been also localized places of the largest growth of the changeable internal tensions’ amplitudes, what considerably constrains cycles number of the load alterations at which elements transmitting the propulsion torque from engines to propellers crack, as a result of the material fatigue phenomenon. The most probable reasons of the mechanical unit’s enlarged vibration level have been pointed out on the basis of a carried out analysis of the alignment results, the specifity of the applied main engine running on the partial loads as well as the range of constructional changes that had been made during the propulsion unit’s overhaul. Results of the repeated diagnostic sea trials, carried out after the reduction gears’ modification recommended by the Authors, confirmed a relevance of the earlier formulated diagnosis. The modification works aimed to perform a resonance offset by the damping correction of hydraulic devices additionally founded on the gears frames. A technology of the marine propulsion shaft line’s transverse and longitudinal vibration measurements carried out by means of the portable vibration register as well as a method of the vibration spectral analysis have been focused within the program description of the performed diagnostic investigations. They represented the base for a diagnostic inference about the considered mechanical unit’s dynamic state.

  • Theory of valence-band and core-level photoemission from plutonium dioxide
    • Jindřich Kolorenč
    • Agnieszka Kozub
    • Alexander Shick
    2015 Full text Journal of Physics : Conference Series

    The correlated-band theory implemented as a combination of the local-density approximation with the dynamical mean-field theory is applied to PuO2. An insulating electronic structure, consistent with the experimental valence-band photoemission spectra, is obtained. The calculations yield a nonmagnetic ground state that is characterized by a noninteger filling of the plutonium 5f shell. The noninteger filling as well as the satellites appearing in the 4f core-level photoemission spectra originate in a sizable hybridization of the 5f shell with the 2p states of oxygen.

  • Thermal ablation modeling via the bioheat equation and its numerical treatment
    • Agnieszka Bartłomiejczyk
    • Henryk Leszczyński
    • Artur Poliński
    2015 Full text Applicationes Mathematicae

    The phenomenon of thermal ablation is described by Pennes’ bioheat equation. This model is based on Newton’s law of cooling. Many approximate methods have been considered because of the importance of this issue. We propose an implicit numerical scheme which has better stability properties than other approaches.