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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2015

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  • THE INFLUENCE OF MANUFACTURING OVERSIZING ON POSTWELDING DISTORTIONS OF THE FILLET WELDED JOINT
    • Janusz Kozak
    • Jakub Kowalski
    2015 Full text Polish Maritime Research

    Welding proces is basic joining technique in shipbuilding. Such method generated welding distortions which cause a lot of problems during the manufacturing process. In the literature it is proposed wide spectrum of suggestions for a correct estimation of welding deformation in particular angular deformation in the fillet welded T joint. In the work influence of oversizing of weld on angular distortions of joint is presented basing upon of the results of the laboratory measurements. Values determined on the basis of literature hypotheses are compared with the one obtained from the laboratory test.

  • The influence of meteorological conditions and anthropogenic activities on the seasonal fluctuations of BTEX in the urban air of the Hanseatic city of Gdansk, Poland
    • Mariusz Marć
    • Michalina Bielawska
    • Waldemar Wardencki
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    • Bożena Zabiegała
    2015 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH

    The results of studies conducted in Gdansk in the period from January to December 2013 and focused on the determination of BTEX in the atmospheric air are presented. At the stage of the isolation and/or enrichment of analytes from the gaseous medium, a passive sampling technique—Radiello® diffusive passive samplers, was applied. The time-weighted average annual concentration of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and total xylenes determined in the monitored area was as follows: 0.66 ± 0.32, 1.63 ± 0.94, 0.67 ± 0.61, and 2.9 ± 2.7 μg/m3. As a result of the research, the potential emission sources of BTEX, which activity has a significant impact on the concentration of these compounds in the atmosphere in the Gdansk area, were identified. A comparison of the accuracy and precision of the results of benzene concentrations in the atmosphere obtained by the BTEX automatic analyzer and passive techniques was performed. Moreover, a significant influence of meteorological conditions, such as air temperature, intensity of solar radiation, velocity and direction of wind, humidity, and rainfall on the benzene content in ambient air was shown. Additionally, in order to determine the conditions in the area covered by the monitoring, information about atmospheric stability and the height of the mixing layer was presented.

  • The Influence of Modelling Material Zones on Strains and Stresses at Weld Toe Notch
    • Karol Niklas
    • Janusz Kozak
    2015 Solid State Phenomena

    The latest development in the field of welding technology enabled prefabrication of thin-walled sandwich structures in an industrial scale. Sandwich structures fabricated of steel, or aluminium alloy plates and stiffeners are welded with the use of hi-power CO2 lasers. Strength analysis of such structures with the use of finite element method needs proper material modelling.In this paper the material model of steel sandwich panel tee-joint is analysed. The influence of including different material zones on strains and stresses at the weld notch area is presented. The analysis shows that material changes outside the weld notch area do not influence the results of strains and stresses. The impact of the geometrical notch is very local and it does not interfere with material property changes at neighbouring weld zones. For the purpose of determination of maximum values of stresses and strains at weld toe notch, the analysed laser weld can be modelled with the use of one material property for all weld zones.

  • THE INFLUENCE OF PET MECHANICAL PROPERTIES ON SBM PROCESS PARAMETERS – LITERATURE REVIEW
    • Paweł Wawrzyniak
    2015 Prace Studentów Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Seria : Konferencje

    In the paper it is said about the influence of PET (polyethylene terephthalate) mechanical properties on SBM (stretch blow molding) process output parameters changes. The below paper mentions also about the influence of PET orientation and crystallization processes on mechanical and thermal properties of PET material during SBM process. All mechanical data of PET material and SBM process output parameters changes are from collected literature.

  • The influence of road surface unevenness on tyre rolling resistance
    • Jerzy Ejsmont
    • Grzegorz Ronowski
    • Stanisław Taryma
    • Beata Świeczko-Żurek
    2015 Full text The Archives of Automotive Engineering - Archiwum Motoryzacji

    The geometric characteristics of road surface substantially affect the interaction between tyre and road. Depending on pavement texture wavelength, the texture chiefly affects tyre/road friction, rolling resistance, interior and exterior noise, tyre wear, and ride comfort. The article presents results of investigations on the influence of road surface unevenness on the rolling resistance of passenger car and truck tyres. The tests were carried out on a roadwheel facility being a part of the test equipment of the Automotive Tyre Testing Laboratory of the Gdańsk University of Technology, where a specially made replica road surface with a sinusoidal unevenness profile was mounted on the drum, and on a test road. The unevenness profile under test was characterized by a wavelength of 0.8 m and amplitude of 10 mm, which corresponded to the road surface type commonly referred to as “washboard”. The objective of the experiments was to ascertain whether the increase in rolling resistance observed on uneven road surfaces is exclusively caused by an increase in the energy losses in suspension system damping elements or the energy losses in the tyre actually rise as well. The tests revealed that, on the sinusoidal road surface as defined above in comparison with the “Safety Walk” smooth sandpaper like surface, the rolling resistance of passenger car tyres grew by about 10 % and rolling resistance of truck tyres increased about 30 %.

  • The influence of roasting and additional processing on the content of bioactive components in special purpose coffees
    • Tadeusz Pilipczuk
    • Barbara Kusznierewicz
    • Danuta Zielińska
    • Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
    2015 Full text JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE

    Coffee being the beverage consumed worldwide is also a very competitive commodity. Consequently, producers seek ways of attracting consumers by proposing e.g. novel ingredient combinations usually without evaluating their health quality. In this study, variations in health-promoting determinants for five special purpose coffee brews were characterized. The major bioactive components - chlorogenic acids (CAs) - detected by HPLC-DAD-MS included caffeoyl-, feruloyland dicaffeoylquinic acids. Roasting declined CAs content by 50 %, while caffeine content increased by about 30 % during this process. In roasted coffee brews studied, CAs content varied from 14.1 to 26.6 mg/g; smaller variations were seen in antioxidant potential (determined by spectrophotometric and cyclic voltammetry assays). Profiles generated by HPLC with post-column on-line antioxidant detection revealed that caffeoylquinic acids were the most abundant antioxidants in samples studied. The highest antioxidative potential exhibited coffee enriched with green coffee extract confirming the soundness of such an approach to obtain healthier products.

  • The Influence of Selected Parameters of Numerical Modelling on Strains and Stresses at Weld Toe Notch
    • Karol Niklas
    • Janusz Kozak
    2015

    Latest development in the field of welding technology and prefabrication enabled massive production of thin-walled sandwich structures. Multi-layered sandwich structures are fabricated with the use of high-power CO2 lasers, friction welding, arc welding, hybrid welding, or other technique designed for the special purpose. Steel or aluminium alloy plates with thickness between 1 and 5 mm are connected by internal stiffeners. Strength analysis of such structures with the use of finite element method needs proper assumptions for numerical modelling. In this paper some crucial aspects of finite element modelling of steel sandwich panel tee-joint is analysed. The influence of modelling approach and the element size are being presented. The analysis shows some important possible simplifications in numerical modelling of laser welds which can be used for fatigue analysis (local stress approach, local strain approach).

  • The influence of small intestinal mucus structure on particle transport ex vivo
    • Balázs Bajka
    • Neil Rigby
    • Kathryn Cross
    • Adam Macierzanka
    • Alan Mackie
    2015 COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES

    Mucus provides a barrier to bacteria and toxins while allowing nutrient absorption and waste transport. Unlike colonic mucus, small intestinal mucus structure is poorly understood. This study aimed to provide evidence for a continuous, structured mucus layer and assess the diffusion of different sized particles through it. Mucus structure was assessed by histology and immunohistochemistry. Ultra-structure was assessed by scanning electron microscopy. Tracking of 100 nm and 500 nm latex beads was conducted using ex vivo porcine mucus. The porcine jejunum and ileum were filled with mucus. Layered MUC2 staining was visible throughout the small intestine, covering villus tips. Scanning electron microscopy showed net-like mucin sheets covering villi (211 ± 7 nm pore diameter). Particle tracking of 100 nm latex beads, showed no inhibition of diffusion through mucus while 500 nm beads displayed limited diffusion. These results suggest a continuous mucus layer exists throughout the small intestine, which is highly stratified adjacent to the epithelium. The network observed is consistent with previous observations and correlates with stratified MUC2 staining. Mucin pore size is consistent with free diffusion of 100 nm and limited diffusion of 500 nm particles. Small Intestinal mucus structure has important implications for drug delivery systems and prevention and treatment of conditions like mucositis and inflammatory bowel disease.

  • The Influence of Stretch Rod Speed on the Relationship between Preblown Bottle Aesthetic Quality and Final Blown Bottle Thickness Profile in Stretch Blow Molding from Preform Process
    • Paweł Wawrzyniak
    2015 Applied Mechanics and Materials

    From a mechanical point of view, the aesthetic quality of preblown PET bottles and thickness profile of final blown PET bottles manufactured in ISBM process are determined by mechanical and thermal response of blown preforms. From the microscopic point of view the biggest influence on the mechanical and thermal properties of PET bottles have orientation and crystallization processes. From a technological point of view, the aesthetic quality and thickness profile is mainly determined by the preforms initial structure of the PET material, preforms thermal profile heating, stretch rod speed, preblowing air pressure, and the so-called delay. More specifically, the properties of PET bottles affects as many as 14 variables, however, in this paper they are not individually discussed. In the paper it will be described the influence of stretch rod speed on relationship between preblown bottle aesthetic quality and final blown bottle thickness profile in SBM from preform process.

  • The influence of thermal conditions on V2O5 nanostructures prepared by sol-gel method
    • Marta Prześniak-Welenc
    • Marcin Stanisław Łapiński
    • Tomasz Lewandowski
    • Barbara Kościelska
    • Leszek Wicikowski
    • Wojciech Sadowski
    2015 Full text Journal of Nanomaterials

    This work presents the result of structure investigations ofV 2O5 nanorods grown from thin films and powders prepared by sol-gel method. To examine the best temperature of nanorods crystallization, thin films deposited by spin-coating method on quartz glass or silicon substrates and bulk xerogel powders were annealed at various temperatures ranging from 100∘C to 600∘C. The structure of the samples was characterized by X-ray diffraction method (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and mass spectroscopy (MS). The rod-like structure of V2O5 was obtained at 600∘C on both quartz glass and silicon substrates and also from the bulk xerogel. The growth process and the effect of annealing treatment on the nanostructure are briefly discussed.

  • THE INFLUENCE OF WSR PARAMETER ON PET BOTTLE THICKNESS PROFILE IN SBM FROM PREFORM PROCESS
    • Paweł Wawrzyniak
    2015 Prace Studentów Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Seria : Konferencje

    From a mechanical point of view, the thickness profile of PET bottles manufactured by ISBM process is determined by mechanical and thermal response of blown preforms. From the microscopic point of view the biggest influence on the mechanical and thermal properties of PET bottles have orientation and crystallization processes. From a technological point of view, the thickness profile of PET bottles after manufacture by SBM process is mainly determined by the preforms initial structure of the PET material, preforms thermal profile heating, stretch rod speed, preblowing air pressure, and the so-called delay. More specifically, the thickness profile of PET bottles affects as many as 44 variables, however, in this paper they are not individually discussed. In the paper it will be described the influence of WSR parameter on thickness profile of PET bottle.

  • The International Mercury Cartel, 1928–1954: Controlling Global Supply
    • Miguel A. López-Morell
    • Luciano Segreto
    2015 Full text Business History Review

    This article describes the features of the international mercury marketduringthe firsthalfofthetwentiethcentury.Itanalyzes the various market agreements made, their effectiveness, and their consequences. The period studied is little understood, although it was one in which mercury production greatly increased. It was also one that saw persistent efforts at market manipulation, owing to a series of agreements between Spanish and Italian producers that proved very effective until the arrival of shipments of mercury produced by Soviet bloc members and by some developing countries.

  • The Issues of Reactive Power Compensation in High-voltage Transmission Lines
    • Zbigniew Lubośny
    • Jacek Klucznik
    • Krzysztof Dobrzyński
    2015 Full text Acta Energetica

    This paper discusses the selection of compensation shunt reactors for a double-circuit 400 kV transmission line using the example of the newly built Elk Bis – Alytus transmission line. The analysis takes into account various conditions of the power system. The published results relate to voltage levels in steady states and during switching processes and short circuits.

  • The Legal Framework of Bilateral Cooperation of Poland and the Eastern Partnership Countries in Combating Various Forms of Crime
    • Izabela Borucińska
    2015 European Journal of Transformation Studies

    Celem artykułu jest analiza porównawcza zapisów umów bilateralnych pomiędzy Polską a państwami Partnerstwa Wschodniego w zakresie walki z różnymi rodzajami przestępczości. Zakres i formy współpracy w zwalczaniu przestępczości, w tym zorganizowanej, zapobiegania jej i wykrywania przestępstw są zbliżone we wszystkich umowach. Relatywnie najszerzej uregulowany ten obszar współpracy został w umowach zawartych pomiędzy Polską a Mołdawią i Gruzją. Realizacja bilateralnych umów w zakresie walki z przestępczością sprzyja osiąganiu celów Partnerstwa Wschodniego.

  • The Magnetic Fluid Seals Research Results vs. Kelvin-Helmholtz (K-H) instability and Preliminary Conclusions
    • Leszek Matuszewski
    2015

    In the article a magnetic-fluid seals durability research and the tests results are presented. The tests were made with three magnetic fluids using various magnets quantity in magnetic assemblies. If values obtained in the repeated test deviated by more than 10 % from results of the first test an additional control test was made for final characteristics. The characteristics are: critical pressure, critical motion velocity and working life of the seal. The test stands were prepared for particular seals dimensions and results of tests are presented in the form of tables, cross section draws and diagrams. In conclusion one can see that multi-stage magnetic-fluid seals could be efficiently used in water for rotating shaft seals in a limited range of motion velocity and cycles quantity. Nevertheless particular applications can be provided by magnetic-fluid seals only

  • THE METHOD OF MEASURING THE MEMBRANE COVER GEOMETRY USING LASER SCANNING AND SYNCHRONOUS PHOTOGRAMMETRY
    • Artur Janowski
    • Waldemar Kamiński
    • Karolina Makowska
    • Jakub Szulwic
    • Krzysztof Wilde
    2015

    The authors present the experience and results of field studies carried out at the technical acceptance of Forest Opera (name in Polish: Opera Leśna) in Sopot (Poland). An unusual design of covering made in the form of “Sheerfill I” technical fabric membrane required spanned in the form of sails, required the use of terrestrial laser scanning. Such approach allowed for the fast and accurate record of the surface of individual panels of roof as a form of point sets with the coordinates of XYZ. At the same time the vibrations occurring on the fabric resulted in the need to verify the measurements using synchronous digital cameras with reference to the methods of close range photogrammetry. Measurements were made in order to realize the technical expertise at the acceptance, after the repairs of the facility. One of the subjects of the study was to determine the condition of the roof membrane effort for six central panels of covering, taking into account the forces that may impact on the membrane e.g. due to snow load. The registration of the membrane shape without load was carried out using laser scanner for all 10 covering panels. During the loading of covering (18 combinations of configurations), the measurement of modified shape of technical fabric panels was performed and verified using geodetic methods (on-line monitoring of the construction and tachometric and photogrammetric measurements). In order to automate the measurement, the authors software was prepared (dedicated to the processing of large sets) and this allowed to accelerate the analysis of geometry for the individual panels with the use of scans obtained from TLS (Terrestrial Laser Scanning). In addition, it allowed to select from a huge number of scan points on roofing panels the optimum amount of numerical data to produce model analyses using the finite element method. The problems presented in this paper indicate the extending the possibility to use the laser scanning also in relation to membrane roofing that subject to vibration. The executed studies shown that the use of TLS and appropriate software dedicated to the elaboration of the harmonically oscillating surfaces allows for the approximation of the changes in geometry at the level which is optimal for the described analyses and during the accepted time.

  • The Modern Agora for Building the Open Society
    • Gabriela Maria Rembarz
    2015

    • sekretarz naukowo-organizacyjny - organizacja międzynarodowej konferencji “The Modern Agora for Building the Open Society ” we współpracy z Europejskim Centrum Solidarności, 02.06.2015 pod patronatem ISOCARP, International Society of City and Regional Planners orazTowarzystawa Urbanistów Polskich TUP/Gdansk. Przy udziale przedstawicieli następujących uczelni: Politechnika Śląska, Fachhochshule Erfurt/ Germany, Mimar Sinan Fine Arts Istanbul/ Turkey,University of Belgrad/ Serbia, Clemson University/South Carolina/US, Durban University of Technology/South Africa

  • The moonuments of gdynia post-war construction pace
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Leszek Niedostatkiewicz
    2015

    The impresive pace of building objects realisation in the 1950s and 1960s was a continuation of the traditional gdynia building pace of the pre-war period. A particular attention and admiration must the reserved for the use at almost every construction site in Gdynia of a considerable quantify of prototypical meterial/construction solutions implemented above all in order to simplify technology and accelerate the pace of building object realisation.

  • The muscovian letters of Francesco Locatelli (1735), or the illusory modernisation of Russia's legal and political system during the reign of Peter The Great and his successors
    • Marek Mosakowski
    • Jarosław Ślęzak
    2015 Full text ROMANICA CRACOVIENSIA

    In the 18 th century thinkers of the French Enlightenment discover Russia, whose institutional reforms replace their traditional utopian topies. The myths of Peter the Great and of Catherine II as Minerva of the North are created Russia also becomes a peculiar laboratory of Enlightenment incarnate. Francesco Locatelli, the author of the Muscovian Letters, who between 1733 and 1735 spend two years in Russian prisons, attempts to deconstruct these myths. His book, which enjoyed an immense popularity in Europe, is an accusation of arbitrariness andinhumanity ofthe Russian regime.

  • The networking of the justice system as part of public court networks
    • Przemysław Banasik
    2015

    The goal of this paper is to look at the organizational structure of the justice system and provide the answer to the basic question of the possible network relations, their force, and imapct. As part od the paper, I have defined public inetrorganisational court network, dividing them into regulatory inter-organisational networks nad voluntary inetrorganisational networks. Emphasis has also been placed on the benefits and threats of the functioning of court-based voluntary interorganisational networks. The formation od networks within the justice system is a new, and so far hhas not been the subject of academic enquiry. Given the beenefits and background, as well as nno real threats for the functioning of serve to build the organization of the justice system as a knowledge-based organisation.