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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2016

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  • Application of polymer element in reduction of temporary steel grandstand vibrations
    • Natalia Lasowicz
    • Robert Jankowski
    2016

    The numerical analysis focused on reduction of vibrations of a temporary steel scaffolding grandstand has been conducted in this paper. These types of structures are regularly subjected to dynamic loads which, in conjunction with light and quite slender structural members, may induce dangerous vibrations. To increase their safety, temporary steel grandstands are usually strengthened with the diagonal stiffeners of tubular cross section. Another approach, by using a diagonal element consisting of two L-shape steel members bonded with polymer mass, has been considered. Dynamic parameters, such as modes of free vibrations and the corresponding natural frequencies for both structural models, have been estimated and compared. Then, the dynamic transient analysis has been conducted and the behaviour of the structure under human-induced excitation due to jumping has been determined. The results of the study show that the response of the temporary steel grandstand equipped with the polymer element as well as with the typical stiffener are substantially different. The application of the polymer element leads to substantial reduction in the levels of peak acceleration and displacement values as the result of high damping properties of polymer applied.

  • Application of Regression Line to Obtain Specified Number of Points in Reduced Large Datasets
    • Wioleta Blaszczak-Bak
    • Anna Sobieraj-Żłobińska
    2016

    Modern measurement techniques like scanning technology or sonar measurements, provide large datasets, which are a reliable source of information about measured object, however such datasets are sometimes difficult to develop. Therefore, the algorithms for reducing the number of such sets are incorporated into their processing. In the reduction algorithms based on the cartographic generalization method, it is required to input some parameters (e.g. tolerance), which are determined by the user. The choice of the values of parameters, and in results the number of points in the reduced set, is one of the key step in the algorithm's efficiency. Thus, it requires from the user to have the knowledge on how the reduction algorithm works, and what is the relationship between the values of these parameters and the final number of points in reduced set. In this article authors used the regression analysis to explore this aspect of processing the large datasets.

  • Application of semi-Markov processes for evaluation of diesel engines reliability with regards to diagnostics
    • Jerzy Girtler
    2016 Full text Journal of Polish CIMEEAC

    The paper presents semi-Markov models of technical state transitions for diesel engines, useful for determination of their reliability, as a result of the conducted statistical empirical studies. Interpretation of technical states provided for this sort of engines refers to ship main engines, i.e. engines employed in propulsion systems of sea-going ships. The considerations recognize diesel engine as a diagnosed system (SDN), of which state can be identified by a diagnosing system (SDG). Both of the systems: SDN and SDG compose a diagnostic system (SD). Examples of three-state semi-Markov models were applied to demonstrate that in case of use of proper diagnosing systems (SDG) for identification of technical states of such engines as SDN, by classification of the states to the relevant class of the reference states, it is possible to make use of a Markov model to determine reliability of the engines. For developing a Markov model of state transitions for the engines, there were applied functions of the risk of damage: 12 that causes transition from state s1 to state s2, and 13 that causes transition from state s1 to state s3, as well as intensity functions of recovery (restitution): 21 that causes transition from state s2 to state s1, and 31 that causes transition from state s3 to state s1.

  • Application of thin diamond films in low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry Pérot displacement sensor
    • Daria Majchrowicz
    • Katarzyna Karpienko
    • Małgorzata Szczerska
    2016 Full text DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS

    The novel fiber-optic low coherence sensor with thin diamond films is demonstrated. The undoped and boron-doped diamond films were elaborated by the use of the microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (μPE CVD) system. The optical signal from the Fabry–Pérot cavity made with the application of those thin films is sensitive to displacement. The sensor characterization was made in the range of 0–600 μm. The measurements were performed using two superluminescent diodes (SLD) with central wavelengths of 1290 mm and 1550 mm and the output signal was analyzed by the measurement of the modulation change of spectral pattern. Furthermore, very good coefficient of the determination R2 > 0.9565 and the visibility of optical measured signal equal to 95.6% were achieved.

  • Application of Thin ZnO ALD Layers in Fiber-Optic Fabry-Pérot Sensing Interferometers
    • Daria Majchrowicz
    • Marzena Hirsch
    • Paweł Wierzba
    • M. Bechelany
    • R. Viter
    • Małgorzata Szczerska
    2016 Full text SENSORS

    In this paper we investigated the response of a fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot sensing interferometer with thin ZnO layers deposited on the end faces of the optical fibers forming the cavity. Standard telecommunication single-mode optical fiber (SMF-28) segments were used with the thin ZnO layers deposited by Atomic Layer Deposition (ALD). Measurements were performed with the interferometer illuminated by two broadband sources operating at 1300 nm and 1550 nm. Reflected interference signal was acquired by an optical spectrum analyzer while the length of the air cavity was varied. Thickness of the ZnO layers used in the experiments was 50 nm, 100 nm, and 200 nm. Uncoated SMF-28 fiber was also used as a reference. Based on the results of measurements, the thickness of the ZnO layers and the length of the cavity were selected in order to achieve good visibility. Following, the interferometer was used to determine the refractive index of selected liquids.

  • Application of TOPSIS for Selection and Assessment of Analytical Procedures for Ibuprofen Determination in Wastewater
    • Hussein Al-Hazmi
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    • Marek Tobiszewski
    2016 Current Analytical Chemistry

    This paper describes the possible implementation of the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) as green analytical chemistry metrics tools. TOPSIS is one of the multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) tools that is applied in the selection of the best alternative from many possible. In this case we have applied it to assess the nineteen analytical procedures for ibuprofen determination in wastewater samples. They were described by the eight different criteria, such as metrological, economic and environmental ones. We applied the weights for each criterion that were obtained from experts knowledge. The results were discussed by the examples of six different scenarios derived by application of TOPSIS technique. Relative importance of criteria depends on subjective estimation of the decision maker and has a significant influence on the final result. TOPSIS is useful tool in assessment of green analytical chemistry metrics and ranking of the alternatives. It is very straightforward in use, it can be easily implemented in Excel program. The results are numerical values that make the results very simple to interpret and compare.

  • Application of twin-plane ECT sensor for identification of the internal imperfections inside concrete beams
    • Krzysztof Grudzien
    • Zbigniew Chaniecki
    • Andrzej Romanowski
    • Dominik Sankowski
    • Jacek Nowakowski
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    2016

    The main purpose of this paper is to investigate application of special construction of Electrical Capacitance Tomography (ECT) sensor to concrete beams internal homogeneity tests. Identification of internal imperfection inside the concrete beams is one of the main problems related to analysis of the construction structure bearing capacity. Therefore, this paper shows attempts to study the measurement prospects for this non-invasive, tomography based technique, in regard of concrete construction elements structure investigation. Presented results come from experiments with two types of internal inclusions, which cause the non-continuity at the concrete structure: soft and hard (of density lower, and higher, than this of pure concrete beam). The positions and dimensions of the imperfections were sensed with two non-invasive methods; ECT and, in order to verify the outcomes, X-ray tomography imaging. The range of application and the accuracy of both methods, in aspect of measurement of material concentration changes inside concrete beams, are discussed here. For the purpose of measurement results interpretation, in case of ECT only capacitance, unprocessed measurement data were analyzed, since such raw data processing do not introduce additional soft-field effect inverse problem solution errors.

  • APPLICATION OF ULTRAFAST GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY TO RECOGNIZE ODOR NUISANCE
    • Jacek Gębicki
    • Tomasz Dymerski
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    2016 Full text Environment Protection Engineering

    Potentialities of ultrafast gas chromatography applied to periodical monitoring of odor nuisance originating from a municipal landfill have been examined. The results of investigation on classification of the atmospheric air samples collected in a vicinity of the landfill during winter and summer season have been presented. The investigation was performed using ultrafast gas chromatography of Fast/Flash GC type HERACLES II by Alpha MOS. Data analysis employed principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant function (LDA) supported with the cross-validation method. About 77% of the atmospheric air samples collected during winter season and ca. 87% of the samples collected during summer season were classified correctly. Based on a classification of the atmospheric air samples around the landfill, it can be observed that the biggest number of correctly classified samples originated from the directions characterized by odor nuisance. It was the NW direction during winter season and NE direction during summer season.

  • Application of Web-GIS and Cloud Computing to Automatic Satellite Image Correction
    • Marek Moszyński
    • Paweł Czarnul
    • Marcin Kulawiak
    • Michael Bishop
    • Tomasz Bieliński
    • Iliyana Dobreva
    2016

    Radiometric calibration of satellite imagery requires coupling of atmospheric and topographic parameters, which constitutes serious computational problems in particular in complex geographical terrain. Successful application of topographic normalization algorithms for calibration purposes requires integration of several types of high-resolution geographic datasets and their processing in a common context. This paper presents the application of an operational system for cloud-based radiometric and topographic calibration of satellite imagery. The system uses a Web-based Geographic Information System integrated within a High Performance Computing environment for remote processing of uploaded satellite data. The article also presents sample results produced by the system and discusses the benefits of using a cloud-based environment.

  • Application of Web-GIS for Dissemination and 3D Visualization of Large-Volume LiDAR Data
    • Marcin Kulawiak
    • Marek Kulawiak
    2016

    The increasing number of digital data sources, which allow for semi-automatic collection and storage of information regarding various aspects of life has recently granted a considerable rise in popularity to the term “Big data”. As far as geospatial data is concerned, one of the major sources of Big data are Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) scanners, which produce high resolution three-dimensional data on a local scale. The recent introduction of relatively low-cost LIDAR scanners has sparked a revolution in photogrammetry, as the technology offers data quality and cost-effectiveness which greatly outmatch traditional techniques. As a result, the volume and density of collected three-dimensional terrain data is growing rapidly, which in turn increases the pressure on development of new solutions dedicated to processing this data. This paper presents a concept system for web-based storage, processing and dissemination of LiDAR data in a geographic context. Processing and dissemination of LiDAR data in a web environment requires the data to be converted into a format which is fit for processing via DHTML. Because of this the presented system uses the emerging 3D Tiles open standard for serving LiDAR point clouds alongside reconstructed 3D models of buildings to remote users. The system provides remote presentation of LiDAR data in a web environment by means of Cesium, an open source GIS library for 3D visualization of geospatial data. The concept system has been tested using large volumes of LiDAR data collected in the Pomeranian region in Poland, with particular focus on the area of the Tricity, which is a large agglomeration consisting of Gdansk, Sopot and Gdynia. Presented results indicate that the combination of Cesium and 3D Tiles constitute a promising set of open standards for dissemination and visualization of LiDAR data in a web environment.

  • Applications for investigating therapy progress of autistic children
    • Agata Kołakowska
    • Agnieszka Landowska
    • Michał Wróbel
    • Dominika Zaremba
    • Dominika Czajak
    • Anna Anzulewicz
    2016 Full text Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

    The paper regards supporting behavioral therapy of autistic children with mobile applications, specifically applied for measuring the child’s progress. A family of five applications is presented, that was developed as an investigation tool within the project aimed at automation of therapy progress monitoring. The applications were already tested with children with autism spectrum disorder. Hereby we analyse children’ experience with the games, as a positive attitude towards the application is the key factor enabling practical application of the solutions in therapy. Two evaluation methods were applied: a behavioral study of video recordings of children interaction with the games and online behavioral tagging performed during measurement sessions. The paper also outlines the main challenges, encountered during sessions with autistic children. The study might be interesting for both researchers and practitioners applying e-technologies in autistics therapy

  • Applications of Immersive 3D Visualization Lab
    • Jacek Lebiedź
    • Jerzy Redlarski
    2016

    The paper presents Immersive 3D Visualization Lab (at the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics at Gdańsk University of Technology in Poland) and its applications prepared after its launch in December 2014. The main device of the lab is a virtual reality cubic cave with six screen-walls, where a person can navigate in virtual space using different controllers. The most sophisticated controller is a freely rotating transparent sphere, supported on rollers and equipped with a motion tracking system (something like an omnidirectional hamster wheel). A person's walking motion causes the sphere to revolve and triggers changes in the computer generated 3D images on VR cave screens surrounding the sphere, thus creating an illusion of motion. The projection system is supplemented with a spatial sound generation system.

  • Applications of permeability, oedometer and direct shear tests to the sand mixed with waste tire crumb
    • Mateusz Wiszniewski
    • Ali Firat Cabalar
    2016 Full text ACTA SCIENTIARUM POLONORUM. SERIA: ARCHITECTURA

    The amount of the used waste rubbers in the world has been increasing every year, and their utilization, become a major environmental problem worldwide. The present experimental work has been performed to investigate the influence of rubber inclusion on the behavior of a sand. Geotechnical properties of the sand, and sand with tire crumb at various ratios mixtures (0%, 2.5%, 7.5%, and 15%) were investigated through a series of mechanical tests, which are sieving, permeability, direct shear and consolidation. From the results of conducted tests, it is revealed that the addition of tire crumb grains increased both the permeability and the compressional characteristics of the sand. Besides, in this work, intergranular void ratio (es) was employed as an alternative parameter to express the compressive response of sand-tire crumb mixtures. It is seen that intergranular void ratio concept is a good indicator for understanding the behavior of sands with waste tire crumb.

  • Applications of semi-definite optimization in quantum information protocols
    • Piotr Andrzej Mironowicz
    2016

    This work is concerned with the issue of applications of the semi-definite programming (SDP) in the field of quantum information sci- ence. Our results of the analysis of certain quantum information protocols using this optimization technique are presented, and an implementation of a relevant numerical tool is introduced. The key method used is NPA discovered by Navascues et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 010401 (2007)]. In chapter 1 a brief overview of mathematical methods used in this work is presented. In chapter 2 an introduction to quantum information science is given. Chapter 3 concerns the device-independent (DI) and semi-device-independent (SDI) approaches in quantum cryptography. In chapter 4 our results regarding quantum information protocols which we developed using SDP are described. The results include a new type of quantum key distribution protocol based on Hardy's paradox; several pro- tocols for quantum random number expansion; a method of formulation of SDP relaxations of SDI protocols; and a DI Santha-Vazirani source of randomness amplification protocol. In chapter 5 an introduction to in- terior point methods is given. In chapter 6 the implementation of our numerical tool dedicated to problems occurring in chapter 4 are discussed and compared with other solutions.

  • Applying Fuzzy Logic of Expert Knowledge for Accurate Predictive Algorithms of Customer Traffic Flows in Theme Parks
    • Tomasz Korol
    • Anestis Fotiadis
    2016 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & DECISION MAKING

    This study analyzes two forecasting models based on the application of fuzzy logic and evaluates their effectiveness in predicting visitor expenditure and length of stay at a popular theme park. The forecasting models are based on a set of more than 600 decision rules constructed in the form of a complex series of IF-THEN statements. These algorithms store expert knowledge. A descriptive instrument that records the individual visitor's time spent and expenditure distribution on activities in the E-Da World in Taiwan was used to gather data. From a process of rigorous veriffication, the models developed are characterized by a high level of accuracy and efficiency.

  • APPLYING RANSAC ALGORITHM FOR FITTING SCANNING STRIPS FROM AIRBORNE LASER SCANNING
    • Wioleta Błaszczak-bąk
    • Joanna Janicka
    • Anna Sobieraj-Żłobińska
    2016 Full text Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports

    During the development of the data acquired by airborne laser scanning the important issue is the fitting and georeferencing of ALS point clouds by means of the tie surfaces and the reference planes. The process of scanning strips adjustment is based on mutual integration of point clouds (scanning strips) and their adaptation to the reference planes.In simultaneous adjustment all strips are combined into one geometrically coherent block, to which the coordinates are given. In the process of determining discrepancies between scanning strips it is important to determine the correct size of the shifts (offsets). Authors propose to do this by using RANSAC algorithm.

  • Approximate models and parameter analysis of the flow process in transmission pipelines
    • Zdzisław Kowalczuk
    • Marek Sylwester Tatara
    2016

    the paper deals with the problem of early leak detection in transmission pipelines. First we present the derivation of state-space equations of the flow process in the pipelines. This description is then aggregated in order to obtain a principal model. Next, the problem of process model parameterization is addressed, taking into account the maximization of a model stability margin. The location of the maximum is determined using optimization methods and curve fitting techniques. In such a way an optimal process parameterization is obtained. A simplified state-space model is then derived based on diagonal approximation, referred to as the analytic model (AMDA). Finally, the useful properties of the developed model are analyzed, including the speed and accuracy of an applied inverse matrix.

  • Arch footbridge over Warta river in Wronki - design and construction
    • Krzysztof Żółtowski
    • Mikołaj Binczyk
    2016

    The paper presents the concept of dynamic redesign of lively footbridge. The goal was to reduce probable dynamic excitation and change detailed structural concept. After the complex study the new design was created. In effect completely new static and dynamic properties were reached. Static and dynamic assumptions are explainde. General information, photos and drawings are presented. The final price of the project amounted to 1.25 milion Euro. Recently bridge is in service since December 2014.

  • ARCHITECTURE OF HYDROPOWER PLANTS IN POMORZE
    • Bartosz Macikowski
    2016

    The history of energetic use of the rivers of Pomerania (Pomorze) is traced from the late Middle Ages. Their potential due to geographical specificity of the region was still attractive in the era of electricity of the19th and the first half of the 20th century. Configuration of the terrain, geological, and natural restrictions, but mainly energetic potential of particular localization were crucial for economical success of the investments of various scale. On one hand we can find examples of micro power plants realized by private investors, often as adaptations of the old mills. On the other hand there were built complex establishments, which demanded involvement of private and public financial sources. Among them we can find spectacular, large scale interventions, which has brought significant change in natural flow of the rivers and surrounding landscape. Pomeranian power plants, in the majority, are still in use. In many cases they are kept in original state, also with all technical arrangement like turbines, generators and other equipment which are still working, as they were in the beginning of the 20th century. This is a kind of a “live museum”, which illustrates the process of development of technology, and the history of energy production. Pomeranian power plants were a kind of a test field of diverse solutions accustomed to the diversity of local geographical conditions. They were realized not only in the time of dynamic development of technology, but also during the time of dynamic architectural changes. Sometimes a few years time gap within the realization of particular object is strongly visible not only in the architectural style, but also in the architectural form dependent on quickly changing technological solutions. In Pomerania we can find wide illustration of architectural changes caused by the revolution of Modernism. We can also find wide spectrum of investments from small power plants in adopted historical mills to big investments consisting of complex infrastructure spread along the rivers over the distance of dozens of kilometers. The cascades of power plants, weirs, dams and derivation systems show the specific coexistence of the landscape and industrial architecture.

  • Architekt, architektura, umiejętność a sztuka
    • Agnieszka Kurkowska
    2016

    Architekt to osoba posiadająca predyspozycje w zakresie kształtowania i organizacji przestrzeni oraz zajmująca się procesem tworzenia obiektów przestrzennych, nazywanych dalej obiektami architektonicznymi (→architektura). Twórczość, też architektoniczna, to „każde działanie człowieka wykraczające poza prostą recepcję; człowiek jest twórczy, gdy nie ogranicza się do stwierdzania, powtarzania, naśladowania, gdy daje coś od siebie, z siebie”. Zadaniem architekta jest także rozwiązywanie konkretnych problemów społecznych w oparciu o wiedzę zaczerpniętą z wielu dyscyplin: humanistycznych, technicznych, przyrodniczych, socjologicznych, psychologicznych oraz ekonomicznych odpowiednio do potrzeb, jakie określa sobą przedmiot jego działania, skala oraz różnorodność przeznaczenia.