2017 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2017

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Analysis of volatile fraction selected hybrid fruits using chromatographic techniques
- Joanna Myszka
- Martyna Lubinska-Szczygeł
- Anna Różańska
- Jacek Namieśnik
2017 Full text World Scientific News
At present, "healthy eating" is gaining in popularity. Many people associate this term with eating plenty of vegetables and fruits. The basic elements influencing the selection of fruit are their appearance and smell. Of course, their origin and impact on human health are also very important. In recent years, exotic fruits have become increasingly accessible, making them gaining popularity, even among Poles. You can also meet plants created by crossing two varieties or species - so-called hybrids. They arise as a result of intersection of inbred lines created by multiple self-pollination of beneficial individuals. Although it is known that many of the hybrids created so far, With higher crop yields and better pro-health properties, these plants have not yet been thoroughly investigated. The purpose of the research was to compare the volatile fraction of hybrid fruit with the fruits which they came from. Thanks to such comparison, it was possible to classify fruits in terms of their quality, freshness and suitability for consumption. The chemical compounds that occur in the volatile fruit fraction in humans produce in people the aroma characteristic of each of them. By observing differences and similarities, it is possible to distinguish between them. To carry out the experiment, a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography technique coupled with a mass spectrometer with time of flight mass spectrometer was used. In addition, samples were analyzed using an electronic nose, which uses ultrasonic gas chromatography.
Analytical Expression for the Time-Domain Green's Function of a Discrete Plane Wave Propagating in the 3-D FDTD Grid
- Tomasz Stefański
- Bartosz Reichel
2017 Full text IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION
In this paper, a closed-form expression for the time-domain dyadic Green’s function of a discrete plane wave (DPW) propagating in a 3-D finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) grid is derived. In order to verify our findings, the time-domain implementation of the DPW-injection technique is developed with the use of the derived expression for 3-D total-field/scattered-field (TFSF) FDTD simulations. This implementation requires computations of the time-domain Green’s function of DPW with the use of multiple-precision arithmetic. Then, excitations at the TFSF interface can be computed as a time-domain convolution of a source function with the Green’s function of DPW. The developed time-domain implementation of the DPW-injection technique demonstrates the leakage error across the TFSF interface around the numerical noise level that verifies the correctness of the derivation.
Analytical methods for exhaustive characterization of Brassica plants and dietary products based on them
- Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
- Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Anna Piekarska
- Tomasz Chmiel
- Tadeusz Pilipczuk
2017
Glucosinolates (GLs), and particularly two classes of their degradation products - isothiocyanates (ITC) and indoles - released upon myrosinase catalyzed hydrolysis, belong to the most promising chemopreventive dietary components. Despite their wide use in plant research, studies on chemopreventive mechanisms and industrial utilization in the production of e.g. dietary supplements, the methods of reliable characterization of myrosinase-GLs system have suffered form the lack of readily available standards, as well as also reliable routine methods. The biological potential ascribed to ITC and indoles, in the case of actual Brassica plant samples, is still assessed based on GL content, though it is well known that these two types of derivatives are not the only ones that are formed following myrosinase action. This means that the relationship between content and composition of bioactive Brassica ingredients and biological effect cannot be properly assessed or predicted. The aim of our research was to optimize known or to develop novel methods that will ensure precise description of GLs-myrosinase system in any source, natural or processed, and will enable to relate the rate of formation of ITC/indoles to biological effects observed. The methods optimized or newly established include: determinations of GLs by HPLC-ESI-MS with published list of ions for most frequent GLs, myrosinase activity by pH-static and spectrophotometric methods, total ITC determination improved by adding SPE enrichment, indoles by HPLC with spectrophotometric (abundant compounds) and fluorescent (low-content compounds) detection, as well as novel derivatization of ITC to dithiocarbamates enabling their identification and sensitive quantitation by HPLC-DAD-MS. Also the DAD-HPLC-MS method of determination of free and bound flavonoids for Brassica plants have been optimized. The developed methods were applied to characterize an array of Brassica samples, the examples of which will be given. GL conversion rate to ITC and indoles was found to differ significantly not only between Brassica species but also between individual plant parts and was independent of myrosinase activity. The yield of conversion of individual GLs to ITC was also not identical. The biological activity in tests used turned out to be mostly related to indoles, some of which were particularly toxic. The developed set of methods should ensure better and safer exploitation of chemopreventive potential of Brassica plants.
Analytical predictions for the buckling of a nanoplate subjected to non-uniform compression based on the four-variable plate theory
- Mohammad Malikan
2017 Full text Journal of Applied and Computational Mechanics
In the present study, the buckling analysis of the rectangular nanoplate under biaxial non-uniform compression using the modified couple stress continuum theory with various boundary conditions has been considered. The simplified first order shear deformation theory (S-FSDT) has been employed and the governing differential equations have been obtained using the Hamilton’s principle. An analytical approach has been applied to obtain exact results from various boundary conditions. Due to the fact that there is not any research about the buckling of nanoplates based on the S-FSDT including the couple stress effect, the obtained results have been compared with the molecular dynamic simulation and FSDT papers which use the Eringen nonlocal elasticity theory. At the end, the results have been presented by making changes in some parameters such as the aspect ratio, the effect of various non-uniform loads and the length scale parameter.
Analytical studies on ascosin, candicidin and levorin multicomponent antifungal antibiotic complexes. The stereostructure of ascosin A2
- Paweł Szczeblewski
- Tomasz Laskowski
- Bartosz Kubacki
- Marta Dziergowska
- Magda Liczmańska
- Jakub Grynda
- Paweł Kubica
- Agata Kot-Wasik
- Edward Borowski
2017 Full text Scientific Reports
In the class of polyene macrolides, there is a subgroup of aromatic heptaenes, which exhibit the highest antifungal activity within this type of antibiotics. Yet, due to their complex nature, aromatic heptaenes were not extensively studied and their potential as drugs is currently underexploited. Moreover, there are many inconsistencies in the literature regarding the composition and the structures of the individual components of the aromatic heptaene complexes. Inspired by one of such cases, herein we conducted the analytical studies on ascosin, candicidin and levorin using HPLC-DAD-(ESI)Q-TOF techniques. The resulting chromatograms and the molecular masses of the individual components of these three complexes strongly indicated that the major components of ascosin, candicidin and levorin are structurally identical. In order to validate these results, the main component of previously structurally uncharacterized ascosin was derivatized, isolated and subjected to 2D NMR studies. The resulting structure of the ascosin’s main component, herein named ascosin A2, was shown to be identical with the earlier reported structures of the main components of candicidin and levorin complexes: candicidin D and levorin A2. In the end, all the structural knowledge regarding these three antibiotic complexes was gathered, systematized and completed, and the new nomenclature was proposed.
Analytical tools for functional assessment of architectural layouts
- Jarosław Bąkowski
2017 Full text IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
Functional layout of the building, understood as a layout or set of the facility rooms (or groups of rooms) with a system of internal communication, creates an environment and a place of mutual relations between the occupants of the object. Achieving optimal (from the occupants’ point of view) spatial arrangement is possible through activities that often go beyond the stage of architectural design. Adopted in the architectural design, most often during trial and error process or on the basis of previous experience (evidence-based design), functional layout is subject to continuous evaluation and dynamic changing since the beginning of its use. Such verification of the occupancy phase allows to plan future, possible transformations, as well as to develop model solutions for use in other settings. In broader terms, the research hypothesis is to examine whether and how the collected datasets concerning the facility and its utilization can be used to develop methods for assessing functional layout of buildings. In other words, if it is possible to develop an objective method of assessing functional layouts basing on a set of buildings’ parameters: technical, technological and functional ones and whether the method allows developing a set of tools enhancing the design methodology of complex functional objects.
Anion binding by p-aminoazobenzene-derived aromatic amides: spectroscopic and electrochemical studies
- Natalia Łukasik
- Ewa Wagner-Wysiecka
2017 Full text PHOTOCHEMICAL & PHOTOBIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
The synthesis and complexing properties of p-aminoazobenzene-derived mono-, bis-, and trisamides were described. Ligands 3 and 4 bind anions, including fluorides, chlorides, bromides, acetates, benzoates, dihydrogen phosphates, hydrogen sulfates, and p-toluenesulfonates, in chloroform forming 1 : 1 complexes. The highest value of stability constant was evaluated for the 4-F− complex (log K = 5.63 ± 0.21). On the basis of 1H NMR, and FTIR spectroscopy, the possible nature of the ligand–anion interactions was proposed. The E ⇄ Z isomerization process of tripodal amide 4 in chloroform was studied. The effect of anions on Z to E thermal back isomerization was investigated.
Anisotropic Orlicz–Sobolev spaces of vector valued functions and Lagrange equations
- Magdalena Chmara
- Jakub Maksymiuk
2017 Full text JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
In this paper we study some properties of anisotropic Orlicz and Orlicz–Sobolev spaces of vector valued functions for a special class of G-functions. We introduce a variational setting for a class of Lagrangian Systems. We give conditions which ensure that the principal part of variational functional is finitely defined and continuously differentiable on Orlicz–Sobolev space.
ANN for human pose estimation in low resolution depth images
- Piotr Szczuko
2017 Full text
The paper presents an approach to localize human body joints in 3D coordinates based on a single low resolution depth image. First a framework to generate a database of 80k realistic depth images from a 3D body model is described. Then data preprocessing and normalization procedure, and DNN and MLP artificial neural networks architectures and training are presented. The robustness against camera distance and image noise is analysed. Localization accuracy for each joint is reported and application for low resolution and large distance pose estimation is proposed. A very fast regression on body joints locations in 3D space is achieved, even in case of sensor noise, large distance and reaching off the screen.
Anomalous Behavior of Hyaluronan Crosslinking Due to the Presence of Excess Phospholipids in the Articular Cartilage System of Osteoarthritis
- Piotr Bełdowski
- Piotr Weber
- Tomasz Andrysiak
- Wayne Auge
- Damian Ledziński
- Tristan DeLeon
- Adam Gadomski
2017 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Lubrication of articular cartilage is a complex multiscale phenomenon in synovial joint organ systems. In these systems, synovial ﬂuid properties result from synergistic interactions between a variety of molecular constituent. Two molecular classes in particular are of importance in understanding lubrication mechanisms: hyaluronic acid and phospholipids. The purpose of this study is to evaluate interactions between hyaluronic acid and phospholipids at various functionality levels during normal and pathological synovial ﬂuid conditions. Molecular dynamic simulations of hyaluronic acid and phospholipids complexes were performed with the concentration of hyaluronic acid set at a constant value for two organizational forms, extended (normal) and coiled (pathologic). The results demonstrated that phospholipids affect the crosslinking mechanisms of hyaluronic acid signiﬁcantly and the inﬂuence is higher during pathological conditions. During normal conditions, hyaluronic acid and phospholipid interactions seem to have no competing mechanism to that of the interaction between hyaluronic acid to hyaluronic acid. On the other hand, the structures formed under pathologic conditions were highly affected by phospholipid concentration.
Antecedents and Consequences of Brand Loyalty
- Srishti Gupta
- Bruno Schivinski
- Magdalena Brzozowska-Woś
2017 Full text Handel Wewnętrzny
The objective of this paper is to review, systematize, and summarize empirical research on the antecedents and consequences of brand loyalty. The literature review has identified five categories of antecedents to brand loyalty associated with consumer, brand, social, corporate and relational factors. The type of loyalty formed varies according to the combination of various antecedents, with premium loyalty being considered the most desirable. Apart from summarizing the literature on brand loyalty, this review has practical implications for marketing managers. Customer expectations at each stage of the customer decision process must be understood, and therefore combined with the various antecedents to incite premium loyalty. Managers must apply not just behavioural but also affective components in their marketing strategies to achieve optimal results.
Antimicrobial Activity of Honey
- Piotr Szweda
2017
Honey has had a valued place in traditional medicine for centuries. It was used to overcome liver, cardiovascular and gastrointestinal problems and for treatment of some types of infectious disease. Particularly, good results were achieved in the case of application of this product for therapy of infected, difficult to heal wounds. The high health-promoting properties of honey have been recently confirmed in many research investigations. The antimicrobial activity of this product is highly complex. Generation of hydrogen peroxide, bee defensin-1, high osmolarity and low value of pH seems to be crucial for its antimicrobial potential. Considering honey as a therapeutic, antimicrobial agent special attention deserves Manuka honey. Its high antimicrobial activity is caused by high concentration of 1,2-dicarbonyl compound methylglyoxal. Some authors also suggest that other phytochemicals, especially phenolic compounds, are important antibacterial ingredients of honey. The results of many in vitro but also in vivo studies confirm high antimicrobial potential of honey against some important human and veterinary pathogens: Staphylococcus aureus, Helicobacter pylori, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. We do not have doubts that honey, but also other bee products, especially propolis, is promising antimicrobial agents and possibilities of their application in clinical medicine deserve consideration.
Antropoidalny Model Inteligentnego Systemu Decyzyjnego dla Jednostek Autonomicznych
- Michał Czubenko
2017 Full text
Głównym celem pracy jest opracowanie modelu procesów psychologicznych -- od momentu otrzymania bodźca do momentu podjęcia adekwatnej reakcji -- zachodzących w mózgu człowieka (psychologia poznawcza), oraz teorii motywacji (potrzeb, popędów i emocji). Model, zaprezentowany w pracy nazwany Inteligentnym Systemem Decyzyjnym (ISD), może mieć zastosowanie w systemie sterowania jednostką autonomiczną (agentem). W rozprawie rozważa się budowę systemu składającego się z kilku równoległych procesów współdziałających ze sobą: poczynając od percepcji sensorycznej, poprzez spostrzeganie, uwagę, procesy pamięciowe, a kończąc na myśleniu. Procesy te zaprojektowano jako współbieżne, tak aby po pojawieniu się nowej informacji na wejściu systemu, można było szybko wygenerować reakcję. Systemy motywacyjne (potrzeby i emocje) przedstawione w pracy zostały najpełniej zweryfikowane w symulacji autonomicznego kierowcy.
Application in circular sawing machines of the experimental results of investigations of the chip removing system operation
- Jacek Barański
- Tomasz Pikała
2017 Full text Annals of WULS, Forestry and Wood Technology
The experimental results of the chip removing system operation are presented. The main aim of them was to optimize suction system of the panel saw Fx3 and its follower Fx550. The attention was focused on the upper casing, which was the part of removing system. Within the framework of the work a systematic experimental study of pressure distribution in the casing during operation of the selected rotational speed of saw blade with a diameter respectively ∅ 300 mm and ∅ 400 mm was carried out. The analysis of obtained results allowed to predict the areas with insufficient vacuum pressure hindering the organized transport of chips and optimize design of the upper casing to improve chip the extraction system.
Application of 3D Whole Body Scanning in Research on Human Body Surface Area
- Grzegorz Redlarski
- Marek Krawczuk
- Aleksander Pałkowski
2017
Human body surface area (BSA) is one of the major parameters used in several medical fields. Its heterogeneity caused by individual human characteristics sustains a many-decades-long research on the matter. Today’s technology allows to create exact body models in mere seconds. However, an extensive research that includes scanning people with major disfigurements or people suffering from diseases, which often prevent their mobility, requires a specific approach. Here, we present the entire scanning procedure and graphical processing methods used in investigation of changes in BSA in function of different anthropometric parameters. The Artec 3D Eva hand-held scanner has been used as the measurement device. We performed a total of five scans for every subject—four for each limb and one for the main body part. After a series of processing methods, the resulting body model can be further used as an accurate basis for BSA formulae investigation.
Application of additional factors supporting the microextraction process
- Małgorzata Rutkowska
- Katarzyna Owczarek
- Miguel de la Guardia
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Jacek Namieśnik
2017 TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Due to the fact that green analytical chemistry is of high importance, the past two decades have witnessed a rapid growth in the sample preparation area with special emphasis on simplification, miniaturization and automation of extraction procedures. In addition, to accelerate the extraction processes and to improve the separation of analytes, several enhanced parameters are applied. These factors include, ultrasounds, microwaves, air, electrical potential and addition of surfactants. Application of these parameters into extraction techniques such like DLLME, EME, LPME bring many advantages including higher extraction efficiency, lower LOD and LOQ parameters, reduced environmental hazards, and consumption of less extracting solvent. Therefore, such techniques like ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction, electro-enhanced hollow fiber membrane liquid phase microextraction, vortex-assisted matrix solid–liquid dispersive microextraction and others are extensively used in analytical practice.
Application of advanced CFD simulations in seakeeping analysis of ships (case study)
- Karol Niklas
2017
The novel design process of many types of ships needs estimation of seakeeping properties. Especially ships like Offshore Supply Vessels, Wind Farm Support Vessels, Research Vessels, ferries, military vessels, rescue vessels require extended analysis of ship behavior on rough sea. The main reason for improving ships operability in different sea conditions is need of rising efficiency of propulsion system, reducing hull added resistance, increasing safety and comfort onboard the ship. The recent advances in Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations enable to analyze the seakeeping of a ship in a very efficient way. Together with significant increase of computational power the unprecedented potential of detailed analysis of ship motion on waves can be used in a ship design process. In the article a case study of selected seakeeping simulation of research vessel Nawigator XXI is presented. The numerical modelling approach and selected results of the analysis are discussed.
Application of ANN and PCA to two-phase flow evaluation using radioisotopes
- Robert Hanus
- Marcin Zych
- Leszek Petryka
- Dariusz Świsulski
- Anna Strzępowicz
2017 EPJ Web of Conferences
In the two-phase flow measurements a method involving the absorption of gamma radiation can be applied among others. Analysis of the signals from the scintillation probes can be used to determine the number of flow parameters and to recognize flow structure. Three types of flow regimes as plug, bubble, and transitional plug – bubble flows were considered in this work. The article shows how features of the signals in the time and frequency domain can be used to build the artificial neural network (ANN) to recognize the structure of the gas-liquid flow in a horizontal pipeline. In order to reduce the number of signal features the principal component analysis (PCA) was used. It was found that the reduction of signals features allows for building a network with better performance.
Application of BAN Network to Increase Security in Transport Systems
- Małgorzata Gajewska
2017
In the article general characteristics of the BAN network with M2M communications are presented. These are networks that enable the implementation of wireless transmission of signals using special sensors located on the body or implanted subcutaneously. These sensors allow monitoring of different type life parameters of a human. In the next part of work there is proposed the implementation of BAN networks to transport systems as a structural part of V2X systems. It allows the increasing of a functionality and working range of these systems. In addition, the analysis of the possibility of using the BAN network, to improve the safety of road users is presented. The use of such solutions allows, amongst others, permanent monitoring of the state of health i.e. drivers and rapid response in case of danger, which undoubtedly can prevent road accidents and/or increase the safety of potential victims.
Application of Bayesian Networks in risk diagnostics arising from the degree of urban regeneration area degradation
- Magdalena Apollo
- Beata Grzyl
- Emilia Miszewska
2017
Urban regeneration as a complex project, generates many extremely specific threats affecting the increase of investment risk. Its unique nature causes that probability parameter, normally applied in the process of risk quantification, is extremely difficult to estimate. Due to lack of historical data urban regeneration related activities are therefore associated with uncertainty. According to the authors, a useful tool for resolving the above issues may prove to be Bayesian networks (BN). Beliefs based on expert knowledge should be considered as a subjective measure, nevertheless BN also allow to combine this information with objective results of conducted research. The authors built a model representing various urban regeneration risk areas, where the analysis covers degradation of the urban regeneration area. The article also presents selected parameters allowing for diagnostics of technical condition of buildings, road pavement and underground infrastructure in the area of urban regeneration.