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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2018

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  • New thiourea organocatalysts and their application for the synthesis of 5-(1H-indol-3-yl)methyl-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones a source of chiral 3-indoylmethyl ketenes
    • Sławomir Makowiec
    • Ewelina Najda-Mocarska
    • Anna Zakaszewska
    • Karolina Janikowska
    2018 Full text SYNTHETIC COMMUNICATIONS

    The stereoselective properties of modified thiourea organocatalysts were tested in the Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indole with 5-arylidene-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones, which produces chiral 5-((1H-indol-3-yl)(aryl)methyl)-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-4,6-diones. Based on a tentative reaction mechanism for ((S)-N-benzyl-2-(3-(3,5-bis (trifluoromethyl)phenyl)thioureido)-N,3,3-trimethylbutanamide organocatalysts, modifications were applied in four selected regions. Systematic structure-stereoselectivity relationship study allowed designing the best efficient organocatalyst for the investigated Friedel–Crafts alkylation of indole with 5-arylidene-2,2-dimethyl-1, 3-dioxane-4,6-diones

  • NIEKONWENCJONALNE BADANIA SKUTECZNOŚCI HAMOWANIA W STACJI KONTROLI POJAZDÓW
    • Marcin Witkiewicz
    • Mirosław Owczarz
    • Stanisław Taryma
    2018 Full text Autobusy. Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe

    W artykule przedstawiono niekonwencjonalne badania skuteczności hamowania samochodu na stanowisku diagnostyczny. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych badań określono wpływ ciężaru samochodu na skuteczność hamowania. Dokonano analizy porównania zmierzonego wskaźnika skuteczności hamowania i rzeczywistego wskaźnika skuteczności hamowania dla różnego obciążenia samochodu użytego do badań.

  • Nietypowa podziemna konstrukcja oporowa w technologii DSM jako zabezpieczenie głębokiej wymiany gruntu
    • Grzegorz Horodecki
    2018 Magazyn Autostrady

    W artykule przedstawiono nietypowe rozwiązanie podparcia i zabezpieczenia głębokiej wymiany gruntu z zastosowaniem przestrzennej konstrukcji oporowej w technologii DSM, ze względu na ograniczenie miejsca oraz zapewnienie stateczności nasypu drogowego. Opisano również realizację rozwiązania oraz prowadzony monitoring geotechniczny.

  • Niskokoherencyjne czujniki światłowodowe przeznaczone do pracy w warunkach zmieniającego się tłumienia sygnału w torze optycznym
    • Katarzyna Karpienko
    2018 Full text

    Rozprawa poświęcona jest zagadnieniu niskokoherencyjnych czujników światłowodowych. Badania przedstawione w pracy miały na celu ocenę możliwości zaimplementowania niskokoherencyjnych czujników światłowodowych do pomiaru różnych wielkości fizycznych z uwzględnieniem warunków zmieniającego się tłumienia sygnału w torze optycznym. W rozprawie zawarto informacje na temat czujników światłowodowych. Dokonano również analizy stanu wiedzy w zakresie metod pomiaru wartości współczynnika załamania oraz przemieszczenia przy użyciu czujników światłowodych. Zaproponowano wykorzystanie zewnętrznej wnęki Fabry’ego-Pérota umieszczonej na końcu światłowodu jednomodowego w charakterze interferometru czujnikowego, we współpracy z niskokoherencyjnym układem pomiarowym. W głównej części rozprawy zamieszczono szczegółowy opis opracowanych konstrukcji niskokoherencyjnych czujników światłowodowych oraz badań eksperymentalnych mających na celu zbadanie możliwości wykorzystania tych konstrukcji do pomiaru wybranych wielkości fizycznych, w szczególności w warunkach zmian tłumienia sygnału w torze optycznym poza miejscem pomiarów oraz w quasi-rozłożonych sieciach. Następnie przedstawiono wnioski płynące z analizy prezentowanych wyników badań. Ponadto załączono wybrane publikacje stanowiące część dorobku naukowego autora rozprawy.

  • Niskokoherencyjne czujniki światłowodowe wykorzystujące cienkowarstwowe struktury nanodiamentowe
    • Daria Majchrowicz
    2018

    Znaczny rozwój technologii wytwarzania czujników światłowodowych spowodował, że są one powszechnie dostępne i stosowane w wielu gałęziach przemysłu, nauki oraz medycyny. Zastosowanie nowych materiałów w konstrukcji takich czujników niesie za sobą duży potencjał. Celem rozprawy jest przedstawienie możliwości wykorzystania cienkowarstwowych struktur nanodiamentowych w niskokoherencyjnych czujnikach światłowodowych, które poprawią zakres i rozdzielczość pomiaru tych czujników przy jednoczesnym zmniejszeniu objętości badanej próbki. W pracy zaprezentowano opis wybranych informacji na temat właściwości i zastosowań czujników światłowodowych oraz struktur nanodiamentowych. Omówiona została budowa układu pomiarowego oraz różne konstrukcje głowicy pomiarowej. W rozprawie przedstawiono wyniki badań eksperymentalnych tj. zarejestrowane widma pomiarowe, analizę i interpretację danych oraz wyznaczone parametry metrologiczne niskokoherencyjnych czujników światłowodowych i ich charakterystyki pracy. Ponadto załączono wybrane publikacje opublikowane w uznanych czasopismach międzynarodowych, stanowiące oryginalny dorobek naukowy Autorki rozprawy.

  • Nitrification, denitrification, and dephosphatation capability of activated sludge during co-treatment of intermediate-age landfill leachates with municipal wastewater
    • Sylwia Fudala-Książek
    • Eliza Kulbat
    • Aneta Łuczkiewicz
    2018 Full text ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY

    This study focuses on the possible use and efficacy of the co-treatment of landfill leachate (intermediate-age) with municipal wastewater. The nitrification, denitrification, and dephosphatation capability of activated sludge acclimated with a mixture of raw municipal wastewater (RWW) with gradually increasing amounts of raw landfill leachate (RLL) (from 0.5 to 5% v/v) were tested. Biochemical tests were conducted simultaneously in batch reactors (BRs). According to the obtained data, the ammonia utilization rate (AUR) was 3.68 g N/(kg volatile suspended solids (VSS)·h) for RWW, and it increased to 5.78 g N/(kg VSS·h) with the addition of 5% RLL. The nitrate utilization rate under anoxic conditions (NURAX) remained at a comparable level of 1.55–1.98 g N/(kg VSS·h). During the anoxic phase, both nitrate utilization and phosphorus uptake occurred, suggesting that denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating organisms (DPAOs) utilized N–NO3. With the addition of RLL, the rates of anoxic and aerobic phosphate uptake (PURAX and PURAE) and phosphate release rate (PRR) decreased. The PRR was likely negatively influenced by high N–NO3 concentrations but not completely inhibited due to the availability of a biodegradable fraction of chemical oxygen demand (COD). Thus, monitoring the NH4–N load in wastewater treatment plant influent before co-treatment is more informative than that using hydraulic-based criteria.

  • Nitrogen-Doped Diamond Film for Optical Investigation of Hemoglobin Concentration
    • Daria Majchrowicz
    • Monika Kosowska
    • Kamatchi J Sankaran
    • Przemysław Struk
    • Michał Wąsowicz
    • Michał Sobaszek
    • Ken Haenen
    • Małgorzata Szczerska
    2018 Full text Materials

    In this work we present the fabrication and characterization of a diamond film which can be utilized in the construction of optical sensors for the investigation of biological samples. We produced a nitrogen-doped diamond (NDD) film using a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (MWPECVD) system. The NDD film was investigated with the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and Raman spectroscopy. The NDD film was used in the construction of the fiber optic sensor. This sensor is based on the Fabry–Pérot interferometer working in a reflective mode and the NDD film is utilized as a reflective layer of this interferometer. Application of the NDD film allowed us to obtain the sensor of hemoglobin concentration with linear work characteristics with a correlation coefficient (R2) equal to 0.988.

  • Nitrogen-doped diamond thin films: potential application in Fabry-Pérot interferometer
    • Monika Kosowska
    • Daria Majchrowicz
    • Sankaran Kamatchi
    • Mateusz Ficek
    • Małgorzata Szczerska
    • Ken Haenen
    2018 Proceedings of SPIE

    In this paper we present results of preliminary research of using nitrogen-doped diamond (NDD) films as reflective layer in Fabry-Pérot interferometer. NDD films were deposited on Si substrates by Microwave Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPECVD) with the use of CH4, H2 and N2 gas mixtures. During deposition process methane flow rate varied while nitrogen flow was constant. We performed series of measurements which showed that NDD can be used as a mirror in Fabry-Pérot interferometer. The best signal visibility and repeatability of measurements were obtained for sample made with 3 sccm methane flow rate.

  • Non invasive optical cellular imaging in humans.
    • Maciej Wojtkowski
    • Małgorzata Szczerska
    • Dawid Borycki
    2018 Full text Photonics Letters of Poland

    One of the most appealing and still unsolved problems in biological and medical imaging is the possibility of noninvasive visualization of tissue in vivo with an accuracy of microscopic examination. A major difficulty to solve in biomedical imaging is a degradation of image quality caused by the presence of optical inhomogeneity of tissue. Is there any chance to develop a microscopic method that allows non-invasive observation of cells in living tissue?

  • Non-Destructive Assessment of Masonry Pillars using Ultrasonic Tomography
    • Monika Zielińska
    • Magdalena Rucka
    2018 Full text Materials

    In this paper, a condition assessment of masonry pillars is presented. Non-destructive tests were performed on an intact pillar as well as three pillars with internal inclusions in the form of a hole, a steel bar grouted by gypsum mortar, and a steel bar grouted by cement mortar. The inspection utilized ultrasonic stress waves and the reconstruction of the velocity distribution was performed by means of computed tomography. The results showed the possibilities of tomographic imaging in characterizing the internal structure of pillars. Particular attention was paid to the assessment of the adhesive connection between a steel reinforcing bar, embedded inside pillars, and the surrounding pillar body.

  • NON-LINE ANALYSIS OF STIFFNESS IN COMPRESSION CONDITIONS
    • Maciej Kahsin
    • Dawid Stecki
    2018 Full text Polish Maritime Research

    The analyzes were aimed at demonstrating the influence of parameters describing the deformation of the structure on the uncertainty of critical force, and the impact of technological imperfections on stress uncertainty in compression conditions. In a linear buckling analysis, the problem is considered only for the initial, permanent state of the stiffness matrix. In the case of demonstrating the influence of initial deformations on the behavior of the structure under load, it is necessary to visualize changes in stiffness over time. To this end, a non-linear MES analysis was carried out, which will take into account local changes in the stiffness of the model through a gradual increase in the load. Thus, the difference in stiffness is taken into account, which in the linear problem is infinite. The analysis was used to examine the local and global sensitivity of the parameters describing: plating thickness as well as deformation caused by the technological process on the stress value reduced by Huber hypothesis, and the value of normal stress. To take into account the influence of non-specified values of the magnitude of geometric deviations, and their simultaneous influence on the range of obtained results, the Experimental Planning Method and the Surface Method of Answers were used.

  • Nonlinear electrical properties of glass-ceramics nanocomposites containing ferroelectric nanocrystallites of Bi2VO5.5
    • Natalia Anna Wójcik
    • Piotr Kupracz
    • Ryszard Jan Barczyński
    2018 Full text SOLID STATE IONICS

    Nonlinear A.C. impedance measurements were conducted in the 50BiV-50SrBAlO nanocomposite as a function of frequency, temperature and A.C. voltage. This material is ferroelectric below temperature of 730 K, and above 730 K is a good ion-conductor. For this nanocomposite a low A.C. voltage of 1 V rms is enough to observe high nonlinearities. The origin of these nonlinear effects depends on the temperature and frequency. In the high temperature and low frequency region, the nonlinearities are due to interfacial processes. In the low temperatures and higher frequencies, the nonlinearities may be also correlated with ion-transport processes: hopping and blocking in glass matrix and phase boundaries. The ferroelectric properties of the Bi 2 VO 5.5 nanocrystallites are also possible origin of nonlinear effects. However, their contribution into nonlinearities is weaker than from the other observed processes. It is shown that a decrease of the Bi 2 VO 5.5 crystallites size from micro- to nanometers and introduction of additional structural disorder into material significantly decrease the real part of the third order electric susceptibility coefficient but does not influence the ratio of the third harmonic to the base conductivity. It is suggested that the ferroelectric nanoregions are single-domain and the nonlinearities derived from domain walls probably are not observed.

  • Nonlinear Excitation of the Non-Wave Perturbations by the Magnetoacoustic Waves in the Non-Isentropic Plasma
    • Anna Perelomova
    2018 Full text Archives of Acoustics

    Nonlinear excitation of slow modes by the planar magnetosonic perturbations in a plasma is discussed. Plasma is an open system due to radiation and external heating. This may stipulate enhancement of wave perturbations and hence the acoustical activity of plasma. Plasma is assumed to be a homogeneous ideal gas with infinite electrical conductivity. The straight magnetic field is orthogonal to the velocity of fluid’s elements. Nonlinear excitation of the non-wave modes (that is, the Alfv ́en and the entropy modes) by periodic and aperiodic planar magnetoacoustic perturbations, is discussed. The sawtooth wave and the small-magnitude harmonic wave are considered as examples of periodic in time perturbations. The conclusions concern acoustically active and thermally unstable flows as well.

  • Nonlinear FEM analysis of irregular shells composed of fiber metal laminates
    • Jacek Chróścielewski
    • Stanisław Burzyński
    • Agnieszka Sabik
    • Bartosz Sobczyk
    • Wojciech Witkowski
    2018

    The paper deals with the analysis of failure initiation in shells made of Fiber Metal Laminates (FML). The elas-tic material law for orthotropic lamina is stated accounting for asymmetric in-plane stress and strain measures. The asymmetry results from the employed general nonlinear 6-field shell theory where the generalized dis-placements involve the translation and the proper rotation field. The novelty of the presented results stems from the fact that the membrane strains and stresses are asymmetric.

  • Nonlocal three-dimensional theory of elasticity for buckling behavior of functionally graded porous nanoplates using volume integrals
    • Mohammad Malikan
    • Francesco Tornabene
    • Rossana Dimitri
    2018 Full text Materials Research Express

    In this paper, the buckling of rectangular functionally graded (FG) porous nanoplates based on threedimensional elasticity is investigated. Since, similar researches have been done in two-dimensional analyses in which only large deflections with constant thickness were studied by using various plate theories; therefore, discussion of large deformations and change in thickness of plates after deflection in this study is examined. Moreover, porosity is assumed in two situations, even and uneven distributions considered in several conditions. Using nonlocal elasticity theory, nonlocal threedimensional equations are obtained. Regarding difficulties in solving three-dimensional differential equations, simple analytical methods are assumed and proposed. The most important results show that even porosity makes the plate softer and results of uneven porosity are so close to the prefect material which leads to this considerable conclusion that porosity as an uneven distribution cannot be an important factor in static stability analyses of FG nanoplates.

  • Non-monotone graph searching models
    • Robert Ostrowski
    2018 Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału ETI Politechniki Gdańskiej. Technologie Informacyjne

    Graph searching encompasses a variety of different models, many of which share a property that in optimal strategies fugitive can never access once searched regions. Monotonicity, as it is called, is vital in many established results in the field however its absence significantly impedes the analysis of a given problem. This survey attempts to gather non-monotone models, that are less researched in effort of summarizing the results concerning them and open questions left.

  • Non-proportional full-order Luenberger observers of induction motors
    • Tadeusz Białoń
    • Arkadiusz Lewicki
    • Marian Pasko
    • Roman Niestrój
    2018 Full text Archives of Electrical Engineering

    The paper recapitulates recently conducted investigations of non-proportional Luenberger observers, applied to reconstruction of state variables of induction motors. Three structures of non-proportional observers are analyzed, a proportional-integral observer, modified integral observer and observer with integrators. Criteria for gain selection of the observer are described, classical ones based on poles, as well as additional, increasing observer’s robustness. Fulfilment of the presented criteria can be ensured with the three proposed methods for gain selection, two analytical, based on dyadic transformation and one based on optimization

  • Nontoxic Goiter (NTG) and Radioiodine: What Do Patients Think About It? Quality of Life in Patients with NTG Before and After 131-I Therapy
    • Sonia Kaniuka-Jakubowska
    • Anna Lewczuk
    • Mikołaj Majkowicz
    • Maciej Piskunowicz
    • Krystyna Mizan-Gross
    • Adam Zapaśnik
    • Mariusz Franciszek Kaszubowski
    • Piotr Lass
    • Krzysztof Sworczak
    2018 Full text Frontiers in Endocrinology

    Objective Despite numerous publications regarding nontoxic goiter (NTG) treatment and an increasing interest in patients’ quality of life, few studies present the outcome of 131-I treatment from the patients’ perspective. Our study’s main aim was to verify whether there is any improvement in life quality following 131-I treatment. Materials and methods Thirty-five patients with NTG qualified to participate in the study. All patients completed a Thyroid-Related Health-Related Quality of Life (Thy-R-HRQoL) questionnaire created by us and the Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36), right before and 1 year after 131-I. Results We observed an improvement in six out of eight SF-36 and three out of seven Thy-R-HRQoL domains. In comparison with the control group, we observed worse results in two out of eight, prior to treatment, and one out of eight SF-36 afterward, as well as in all Thy-R-HRQoL domains. We did not find any correlation between improvement of Thy-R-HRQoL and SF-36 and goiter size reduction, except for Bodily Pain. There was also no correlation between improvement of SF-36 and Thy-R-HRQoL domains, and goiter size before treatment. The older the patient, the less noticeable improvement was observed in Physical and Social Functioning, and Vitality in SF-36, but age had no influence on the assessment by Thy-R-HRQoL. Conclusion Radioiodine treatment improves life quality in patients with NTG. Use of the Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire should be taken into consideration when evaluating life quality of patients with NTG. Relentless pursuit of maximal goiter size reduction in 131-I treatment is worth consideration. In our study, life quality improvement did not depend directly on the goiter size reduction. Life quality improvement after 131-I might not depend on initial goiter size, and for certain domains of SF-36 might be less clearly expressed in older patients.

  • Normalization of face illumination using basic knowledge and information extracted from a single image
    • Maciej Smiatacz
    2018 INFORMATION SCIENCES

    This paper presents a method for face image normalization that can be applied to the extraction of illumination invariant facial features or used to remove bad lighting effects and produce high-quality, photorealistic results. Most of the existing approaches concentrate on separating the constant albedo from the variable light intensity; that concept, however, is based on the Lambertian model, which fails in the presence of specularities and cast shadows. Therefore, to tackle this problem, various methods use bootstrap sets to learn the reflectance model of a given person or a face in general. Unfortunately, algorithms of this type are usually not practical for real applications. The proposed approach does not require any training procedure, as the normalization is performed only on the basis of information that is contained in the image that is being processed. Still, external knowledge that is represented by the deformable shape model is employed to execute the localization of the important points, such as eye centers. Additionally, an assumption regarding the symmetry of the face is utilized. The rest of the normalization algorithm relies mostly on simple image processing techniques. Experiments on the CMU-PIE and Extended Yale B databases show that the new method not only provides satisfactory recognition results but is also able to generate natural-looking images.

  • Normy wodociągowe i kanalizacyjne
    • Ziemowit Suligowski
    2018

    Aktualne normy w wodociągach i kanalizacji. Stan ogólny. Norma powołana. Wykaz ważniejszych norm powołanych odnoszących się do sieci wodociągowych i kanalizacyjnych (40 podstawowych, 6 projektowych i wykonawczych, 8 dotyczących dokumentacji projektowej i graficznej, 5 specjalistycznych). Wykaz Polskich Norm powołanych w Rozporządzeniu Ministra Infrastruktury i Budownictwa z dnia 14 Listopada 2017 r. zmieniającym rozporządzenie w sprawie warunków technicznych, jakim powinny odpowiadać budynki i ich usytuowanie (wersja wg Dziennik Ustaw z 2017 r., poz. 2285).