2021 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2021

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Influence of Operation Conditions on Temperature Hazard of Lithium-Iron-Phosphate (LiFePO4) Cells
- Wojciech Kurpiel
- Bartosz Polnik
- Łukasz Orzech
- Krzysztof Lesiak
- Bogdan Miedziński
- Marcin Habrych
- Grzegorz Debita
- Monika Zamłyńska
- Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
2021 Full text ENERGIES
The article presents and discusses the results of research on hazard, especially temperature, for selected lithium-ion-phosphate cells operated in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations but used under onerous mining conditions. This applies to the performance of cells in battery sets without the application of any management system (BMS). On the basis of the obtained test results, first of all, the influence of the value of the charging current of cells and the ambient temperature for both free and deteriorated heat exchange, appropriate conclusions and practical recommendations were formulated. This applies especially to threats in the case of random, cyclic, minor overloading, and discharging of the cells.
Influence of plasmon resonance on the luminescence of titanium dioxide thin films doped with rare earth ions
- Marcin Łapiński
- Jakub Czubek
- Katarzyna Drozdowska
- Wojciech Sadowski
- V V Kuznetsov
- Nikolay Charykov
- Barbara Kościelska
2021 Full text Journal of Physics : Conference Series
In this work the study of the optical properties of europium doped titanium dioxide thin films (TiO2:Eu) enhanced by gold plasmonic nanostructures are presented. Plasmonic platforms were manufactured by thermal annealing of thin film of Au, deposited on a Corning glass substrate. As a result of thermal treatment, gold spherical nanostructures with average dimensions of 50 nm were obtained. Luminescent TiO2:Eu film was deposited by RF magnetron sputtering method, from mosaic target. Morphology of gold nanostructures was investigated by SEM and TEM microscopes, while composition of oxides film was analysed by XPS methods. Luminescence properties were studied on the basis of excitation and emission spectra. Experiments have shown that such structures exhibit interesting luminescent properties and could be potential candidates for optoelectronics applications.
Influence of preprocessing techniques on pulse pressure velocity determination
- Artur Poliński
- Adam Bujnowski
- Tomasz Kocejko
- Jerzy Wtorek
2021
Pulse Wave Velocity (PWV) is measured and utilized in many clinical applications. Recently, a wide research has been led to develop a cuff-less and continuous blood pressure method basing on PWV. However, in this application a decision on choosing an appropriate fiducial point of pulse wave (PW) waveform is necessary and substantial. It would allow to measure time parameters necessary to determine PWV. An influence of sampling frequency and other preprocessing algorithms on an accuracy of fiducial points determination are discussed in the paper
Influence of Properties of Hydraulic Fluid on Pressure Peaks in Axial Piston Pumps’ Chambers
- Piotr Patrosz
2021 Full text ENERGIES
The article concentrates on the research of the pressure peaks in a working chamber of an axial piston pump. The main focus of the article is the influence of fluid properties on the pressure peaks value. Experimental and analytical methods were used to determine the impact of the fluid density, viscosity, compressibility and aeration. The article describes the pressure peak generation process and explains the theoretical basis of this phenomenon. A model of aerated fluid compression and models of leakage were created using CFD analysis and mathematical equations. These partial models were then merged into one consistent model in Matlab Simulink. The final result was verified by comparing the results obtained from the mathematical model with the results of the experiment. After validation, the model was used to present explicitly how each of the mentioned fluid properties affects the pressure peak value. Additionally, the test stand and measurement equipment used in the experiment were presented along with a short description of the laboratory research and sample results.
Influence of rhamnolipids and ionic cross-linking conditions on the mechanical properties of alginate hydrogels as a model bacterial biofilm
- Natalia Czaplicka
- Szymon Mania
- Donata Konopacka-Łyskawa
2021 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
The literature indicates the existence of a relationship between rhamnolipids and bacterial biofilm, as well as the ability of selected bacteria to produce rhamnolipids and alginate. However, the influence of biosurfactant molecules on the mechanical properties of biofilms are still not fully understood. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of rhamnolipids concentration, CaCl2 concentration, and ionic cross-linking time on the mechanical properties of alginate hydrogels using a Box–Behnken design. The mechanical properties of cross-linked alginate hydrogels were characterized using a universal testing machine. It was assumed that the addition of rhamnolipids mainly affects the compression load, and the value of this parameter is lower for hydrogels produced with biosurfactant concentration below CMC than for hydrogels obtained in pure water. In contrast, the addition of rhamnolipids in an amount exceeding CMC causes an increase in compression load. In bacterial biofilms, the presence of rhamnolipid molecules does not exceed the CMC value, which may confirm the influence of this biosurfactant on the formation of the biofilm structure. Moreover, rhamnolipids interact with the hydrophobic part of the alginate copolymer chains, and then the hydrophilic groups of adsorbed biosurfactant molecules create additional calcium ion trapping sites.
Influence of selected CO2 absorption promoters on the characteristics of calcium carbonate particles produced by carbonation of the post-distillation liquid from the Solvay process
- Natalia Czaplicka
- Donata Konopacka-Łyskawa
- Patrycja Lewandowska
- Marcin Stanisław Łapiński
- Rafał Tytus Bray
2021 Full text POWDER TECHNOLOGY
The aim of this work is to compare the effect of selected process parameters, gas flow rate, CO2 absorption promoter concentration and its pKa, on the precipitation of CaCO3 by the gas-liquid method using a model post-distillation liquid from the Solvay process. To ensure effective capture of CO2, the absorption promoters used were ammonia, triethanolamine and triethylamine. The Box-Behnken Design was applied to plan the experiments. The analysis of the influence of selected parameters on the course of the process and the characteristics of the obtained products was performed using the response surface methodology. In the studied range of variables, the type of absorption promoter characterized by its pKa has the most significant impact on the reaction time, polymorphic composition of the obtained CaCO3, particle size and their specific surface area. All precipitated CaCO3 samples were highly agglomerated mixture of vaterite and calcite.
INFLUENCE OF SOLID PARTICLE CONTAMINATION ON THE WEAR PROCESS IN WATER LUBRICATED MARINE STRUT BEARINGS WITH NBR AND PTFE BUSHES
- Ewa Piątkowska
2021 Full text Polish Maritime Research
This paper reports on a study of the influence of solid particle contamination on the wear process in water-lubricated slide bearings (steel-acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) and steel- polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)). To compare the wear of the shaft journal and bushes (NBR and PTFE) when lubricated with fresh water and contaminated water, an experiment was carried out to identify key factors that influence the state of wear of slide bearing. The amount of wear was checked by means of geometric structure measurements on the journals, namely, roughness profile measurements using both a contact profilometer and an optical microscope. The obtained results enabled correlations between the material comprising the sliding sleeve, roughness of the journals and contamination inside the water-lubricated slide bearings.
Influence of the femoral offset on the muscles passive resistance in total hip arthroplasty
- Stanisław Burzyński
- Agnieszka Sabik
- Wojciech Witkowski
- Piotr Łuczkiewicz
2021 Full text PLOS ONE
Background Soft tissue tension is treated as a crucial factor influencing the post-THA dislocation. The femoral offset is regarded as one of the major parameters responsible for the stabilization of the prosthesis. It is unclear which soft tissue is mostly affected by the offset changes. Methods A finite element model of the hip was created. The model comprised muscles, bones, a stem, the acetabular component and a liner. The muscles were modelled as a Hill-type musculo-tendon nonlinear springs. Nonlinear analyses of the hip flexion and internal rotation were performed for the two values of the femoral stem offset. Results We observed that the quadratus femoris and gluteus medius produce the largest resisting moment opposing the external load excreted by the surgeon during the intraoperative hip dislocation test. Conclusions An increased femoral offset increases the stretching of the quadratus femoris muscle significantly and provides the growth of its initial passive force. This muscle serves as a stiff band, providing stabilisation of the hip prosthesis, measured during the simulated intraoperative test.
Influence of the fragment size on the recycling process of thin-film modules based on CdTe
- Anna Kuczyńska-Łażewska
- Ewa Klugmann-Radziemska
2021 Full text Journal of International Scientific Publications
For several years, the production of second generation cells (the so-called thin film), produced from amorphous silicon, cadmium telluride (CdTe) or copper indium (gallium) diselenide (CI(G)S), has been increasing. The total number of end-of-life panels by 2050 is expected to reach 9.57 million tonnes. They contain heavy metals that can be leached into the environment at the land field. The EU directive on waste electrical and electronic equipment WEEE2, introduced in 2012 obligated producers of photovoltaic panels to be responsible for the waste generated, and also for their disposal. Metal recovery would not only reduce the cost of cell production, but also reduce the consumption of raw materials. Therefore, the development of recycling technology for used and damaged modules of newer generations is important for environmental reasons. The aim of the research is to develop a recycling technology for second generation photovoltaic modules. The work is focused mainly on cells made of CdTe. The developed method can be applied after prior thermal delamination. The efficiency rate of cadmium leaching form the different sized samples depending on different leaching solutions was tested. The next stage will be to develop a technology for the recovery of individual metals from the leaching solution.
INFLUENCE OF THE HULL SHAPE ON THE ENERGY DEMAND OF A SMALL INLAND VESSEL WITH HYBRID PROPULSION
- Artur Karczewski
- Magdalena Kunicka
2021 Full text Polish Maritime Research
Recently, there has been a significant development of ecological propulsion systems, which is in line with the general trend of environmentally friendly “green shipping”. The main aim is to build a safe, low-energy passenger ship with a highly efficient, emission-free propulsion system. This can be achieved in a variety of ways. The article presents the main problems encountered by designers and constructors already at the stage of designing the unit. The research conducted made it possible to create a design with an effective shape of the hull, with the prospect of an energy-efficient and safe propulsion system with good manoeuvrability. The scope of the research included towing tank tests, recalculation of the results in full-scale objects and a prediction of the energy demand of the propulsion system. The results obtained were compared to indicate power supply variants depending on the hull shape.
Influence of the Widespread Use of Corten Plate on the Acoustics of the European Solidarity Centre Building in Gdansk
- Wojciech Targowski
- Andrzej Kulowski
2021 Full text Buildings
This paper describes the relationship between a strong architectural vision that is difficult to balance, and user expectations in terms of acoustics. The focus is on the use of corten steel as the dominant finishing material on façades and interiors to achieve an expressive, symbolic message through program-based design. The architectural premises justifying the adopted solutions are presented, especially the universality and homogeneity of the material. Against this background, the influence of corten steel on the acoustics of the two largest rooms of the European Solidarity Center, which are the winter garden and the multi-purpose hall, was discussed. Remedial steps have been taken to reduce the greatest acoustic inconveniences resulting from the widespread use of metal sheet as a finishing material in rooms, i.e., excessive reverberation and a low degree of sound dispersion. A positive result for the acoustic conditions achieved in the winter garden was the presentation of a large body of classical music in the building.
Influence of Thermal Decomposition of Wood and Wood-Based Materials on the State of the Atmospheric Air. Emissions of Toxic Compounds and Greenhouse Gases
- Przemysław Rybiński
- Bartłomiej Syrek
- Mirosław Szwed
- Dariusz Bradło
- Witold Żukowski
- Anna Marzec
- Magdalena Śliwka-Kaszyńska
2021 Full text ENERGIES
This paper presents the energy characteristics of wood and wood-based materials in the form of commercially available pellets, furniture board (MDF) and OSB. Toxicometric indices were determined for gaseous destructs arising from thermal decomposition and combustion of the materials studied. The paper proves that combustion conditions are crucial in terms of toxic destructive emissions. It has been shown that the combustion of wood-based materials under controlled conditions can lead to equally low emissions of toxic wastes as the combustion of traditional wood materials. The paper also presents the index of greenhouse gas emission, the so-called CO2 equivalent, for the examined wood and wood-based materials.
INFOGEST inter-laboratory recommendations for assaying gastric and pancreatic lipases activities prior to in vitro digestion studies
- Myriam M.L. Grundy
- Evan Abrahamse
- Annette Almgren
- Marie Alminger
- Ana Andres
- Renata M.C. Ariëns
- Shanna Bastiaan-Net
- Claire Bourlieu-Lacanal
- André Brodkorb
- Maria Rosário Bronze
- Irene Comi
- Leslie Couëdelo
- Didier Dupont
- Annie Durand
- Sedef N. El
- Tara Grauwet
- Christine Heerup
- Ana Heredia
- Marcos R. Infantes Garcia
- Christian Jungnickel
- Ilona Kłosowska-Chomiczewska
- Marion Létisse
- Adam Macierzanka
- Alan Mackie
- David McClements
- Olivia Menard
- Anne Meynier
- Marie-Caroline Michalski
- Ana-Isabel Mulet-Cabero
- Anette Mullertz
- Francina M. Payeras Perelló
- Irene Peinado
- Mélina Robert
- Sébastien Secouard
- Ana Teresa Serra
- Sandra D. Silva
- Gabriel Thomassen
- Cecilia Tullberg
- Ingrid Undeland
- Carole Vaysse
- Gerd Vegarud
- Sarah H.E. Verkempinck
- Michelle Viau
- Mostafa Zahir
- Ruojie Zhang
- Frédéric Carrière
2021 Full text Journal of Functional Foods
In vitro digestion studies often use animal digestive enzyme extracts as substitutes of human gastric and pancreatic secretions. Pancreatin from porcine origin is thus commonly used to provide relevant pancreatic enzymes such as proteases, amylase and lipase. Rabbit gastric extracts (RGE) have been recently introduced to provide gastric lipase in addition to pepsin. Before preparing simulated gastric and pancreatic extracts with targeted enzyme activities as described in in vitro digestion protocols, it is important to determine the activities of enzyme preparations using validated methods. The purpose of this inter-laboratory study within the INFOGEST network was to test the repeatability and reproducibility of lipase assays using the pH-stat technique for measuring the activities of gastric and pancreatic lipases from various sources. Twenty-one laboratories having different pH-stat devices received the same protocol with identical batches of RGE and two pancreatin sources. Lipase assays were performed using tributyrin as a substrate and three different amounts (50, 100 and 200 µg) of each enzyme preparation. The repeatability results within individual laboratories were satisfactory with coefficients of variation (CVs) ranging from 4 to 8% regardless of the enzyme amount tested. However, the inter-laboratory variability was high (CV > 15%) compared to existing standards for bioanalytical assays. We identified and weighted the contributions to inter-laboratory variability of several parameters associated with the various pH-stat equipment used in this study (e.g. reaction vessel volume and shape, stirring mode and rate, burette volume for the automated delivery of sodium hydroxide). Based on this, we established recommendations for improving the reproducibility of lipase assays using the pH-stat technique. Defining accurate and complete recommendations on how to correctly quantify activity levels of enzyme preparations is a gateway to promising comparison of in vitro data obtained from different laboratories following the same in vitro digestion protocol.
Informal Settlements and International Migrants: The city of Rome (Italy) as Case Study
- Saira Abbasi
- Cristiana Lauri
2021 Full text
Today, urbanization is happening at an unprecedentedly rapid rate, owing heavily to the influx of migrants. Empirical evidence shows the development of informal settlements in cities as a result of migration, including Rome. Furthermore, information on informal settlements is either insufficient or inadequate, which makes it challenging for architects, urban planners, and policymakers to form viable solutions to deal with the situations of informality. The main focus of the research is to study the Authorized Nomadic Camps, illegal and tolerated squatter settlements of the of Rome from 1990-2021, and the laws, regulations, and policies that have shaped them. Mixed research methodology and descriptive-analytical techniques are used to analyze the data collected via field research, site visit, interviews, and study of existing literature and maps. The analysis of morphological changes of the selected sites is done using images from Goggle Earth Time Lapse dating from 2001 – 2021. This research identifies that most of the settlements have been located by the Municipality in segregated and marginalized areas of the city with poor transport and mobility, and inadequate conditions of housing, access to services. Furthermore, the Gordiani Campo Nomadi need not be entirely evacuated and demolished, as it and the area around Via Gordiani have the potential to be developed in a way that meets the needs of all stakeholders, and most importantly the current dwellers of the camp. This will help alleviate the sense of trauma and loss experienced by uprooting and evicting them. Case studies and urban analysis reveals the involvement of the community, effective communication, and participation between all stakeholders are pertinent to design long-term sustainable solutions.
Information and communication technologies versus diffusion and substitution of financial innovations. The case of exchange-traded funds in Japan and South Korea
- Adam Marszk
- Ewa Lechman
2021
The substitution between financial innovations, exchange-traded funds (ETFs), and stock index derivatives (i.e. index financial instruments) is one of the relatively understudied topics of the financial sciences. The current study aims to verify empirically the diffusion and substitution of ETFs in the market for index financial instruments. It presents in-depth analysis of the development of index financial instruments traded on the stock exchanges in two key Asian economies: Japan and South Korea. The development of the ETF markets (i.e. diffusion of ETFs) was confirmed for both countries. Moreover, through the technological substitution analysis, we confirmed the process of gradual substitution between stock index options and ETFs, with the increasing role of the innovative products noticeable in some periods (the empirical study used monthly data for 2003–2015). Additionally, we verified empirically the linkages between information and communication technologies (ICTs) penetration and the diffusion of ETFs in Japan and South Korea, using extended dataset for 2004–2019 and applying country-specific regression models. We found that increases in ICT are associated with the growing market share of ETFs in both countries.
Inhibition of Polymer Photodegradation by Incorporation of Coffee Silverskin
- Aleksander Hejna
- Mateusz Barczewski
- Paulina Kosmela
- Olga Mysiukiewicz
2021 Full text Proceedings
Over the last years, the trend associated with the incorporation of materials from renewable resources into polymer technology is getting significantly more vital. Researchers are trying to transfer the properties of natural raw materials into the polymer world. Therefore, different natural materials are more often investigated as potential additives for polymers. Such an effect is noted for the coffee industry by-products, such as coffee silverskin. Because of the relatively high contents of compounds showing antioxidant activity, such as caffeine, polyphenols, tannins, or melanoidins, this by-product could be considered not only as a filler, but also as a potential modifier for polymer materials. Its antioxidant activity is comparable to commercially available antioxidants applied in polymer technology. Therefore, in the presented paper, we examined the influence of the coffee silverskin (from 1 to 20 wt%) on the thermal and mechanical performance of polyethylene-based composites. Moreover, materials were subjected to accelerated aging tests in the UV chamber, which revealed that coffee silverskin could inhibit the photodegradation of the polymer matrix. Therefore, this by-product should be considered as an exciting alternative for the conventional lignocellulosic fillers, which could provide additional features to polymer composites.
Initial Report on Numerical Modeling of Blood Flow in Myocardial Bridge Region of Coronary Artery: Concept of Model Validation
- Bartłomiej Melka
- Marcin Nowak
- Marek Rojczyk
- Maria Gracka
- Wojciech Adamczyk
- Ziemowit Ostrowski
- Ryszard Białecki
2021
The paper presents a numerical method of blood flow simulation within the coronary artery covered by the myocardial bridge. The myocardial bridge is a congenital coronary abnormality caused by the blood vessel location under one of the heart muscles. In this case, the blood flow within the vessel is partially disturbed which can cause several consequences. The presented numerical simulation allowed us to estimate the blood flow accompanied by the wall movement using dynamic mesh settings. In parallel to the numerical investigation, the experimental research was developed. A test rig was built to reconstruct the vessel wall motion occurring under the myocardial bridge in the in-vitro conditions.
Inner-shell fragmentation of molecules into neutral fragments in high-Rydberg states induced by soft X-ray excitation with pulsed-field ionization
- Tomasz Wąsowicz
2021
In the present communication, we will show the results of measurements probing the production of neutral high-Rydberg fragments at the K edges of the molecules containing oxygen and nitrogen atoms. The experiments were performed at the Gas Phase beamline of the Elettra synchrotron radiation laboratory (Trieste, Italy), exploiting a combined soft X-ray excitation with pulsed-field ionization and ion time-of-flight (TOF) spectrometry [4]. These measurements revealed the ultrafast photoelectron recapture process [4-6], where the photoelectron is pushed back to the HR orbital of the molecular ion. This reaction occurs via the population of val-2HR1 states, whose dissociation can then yield neutral fragments in HR states.
Innovative mobile method to determine railway track axis position in global coordinate system using position measurements performed with GNSS and fixed base of the measuring vehicle
- Andrzej Wilk
- Władysław Koc
- Cezary Specht
- Jacek Skibicki
- Sławomir Judek
- Krzysztof Karwowski
- Piotr Chrostowski
- Jacek Szmagliński
- Paweł Dąbrowski
- Krzysztof Czaplewski
- Mariusz Specht
- Roksana Licow
- Sławomir Grulkowski
2021 Full text MEASUREMENT
The shape of the railway track axis and its position in the global coordinate system are essential when defining design parameters of the railway. Correct reconstruction of these quantities is vital for both verifying the compliance of real track parameters with the design and for diagnosing, as all track deformations can also be defined as deviations of real parameters from their design values. The measurements of quantities related to the railway track geometry can be divided into global and local ones. Global measurements determine the position of elements in the global system of geographic coordinates, while local measurements give relative positions of elements with respect to other elements (e.g. lateral inclination at a given kilometre of the railway track) or temporary deviation of parameters from their assumed value (e.g. various track deformations). Depending on the applied measuring method, either global or local parameters are determined, or both of them simultaneously. The article proposes an innovative method to determine the railway track axis position, which makes use of Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) receivers distributed in such a way as to form a geometric constraint called the fixed base. The analysis of theoretical properties and metrological attributes of the fixed base is presented. All theoretical analyses have been verified experimentally.
In-Out Surface Modification of Halloysite Nanotubes (HNTs) for Excellent Cure of Epoxy: Chemistry and Kinetics Modeling
- Shahab Moghari
- Seyed Hassan Jafari
- Mohsen Khodadadi Yazdi
- Maryam Jouyandeh
- Aleksander Hejna
- Payam Zarrintaj
- Mohammad Saeb
2021 Full text Nanomaterials
In-out surface modification of halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) has been successfully performed by taking advantage of 8-hydroxyquinolines in the lumen of HNTs and precisely synthesized aniline oligomers (AO) of different lengths (tri- and pentamer) anchored on the external surface of the HNTs. Several analyses, including FTIR, H-NMR, TGA, UV-visible spectroscopy, and SEM, were used to establish the nature of the HNTs’ surface engineering. Nanoparticles were incorporated into epoxy resin at 0.1 wt.% loading for investigation of the contribution of surface chemistry to epoxy cure behavior and kinetics. Nonisothermal differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) data were fed into home-written MATLAB codes, and isoconversional approaches were used to determine the apparent activation energy (Eα) as a function of the extent of cure reaction (α). Compared to pristine HNTs, AO-HNTs facilitated the densification of an epoxy network. Pentamer AO-HNTs with longer arms promoted an Excellent cure; with an Eα value that was 14% lower in the presence of this additive than for neat epoxy, demonstrating an enhanced cross-linking. The model also predicted a triplet of cure (m, n, and ln A) for autocatalytic reaction order, non-catalytic reaction order, and pre-exponential factor, respectively, by the Arrhenius equation. The enhanced autocatalytic reaction in AO-HNTs/epoxy was reflected in a significant rise in the value of m, from 0.11 to 0.28. Kinetic models reliably predict the cure footprint suggested by DSC measurements.