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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2024

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  • Evaluating the effectiveness of Doppler frequency shift determination using pilots in broadband transmission
    • Agnieszka Czapiewska
    • Andrzej Łuksza
    • Ryszard Studański
    • Łukasz Wojewódka
    • Andrzej Żak
    2024 International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications

    In underwater communications, reciprocal motion between transmitter and receiver has a significant impact on reception quality. In orthogonal broadband systems that provide high bit rates, this problem becomes more important, especially in the higher frequency range, where the absolute Doppler shift is the greatest. Due to the low propagation speed of acoustic wave underwater, a substantial difference exists between the Doppler shift for lower and upper frequencies of the utilized spectrum. Consequently, a frequency-independent Doppler shift factor is employed. One of the most popular methods for determining the Doppler shift is the use of pilots. The problem of selecting the number and determining the frequency of pilots in such a way as to obtain the lowest possible error rate was identified. Real-world testing was conducted in a multipath propagation environment with relative speeds of up to 1.5 m/s. The effectiveness of Doppler shift determination was evaluated by analyzing the bit error rate. The results of the conducted tests indicate that, based on the achieved error rate, it is sufficient to employ 7 pilots positioned at low frequencies.

  • Evaluating the impact of ZnO doping on electrical and thermal properties of calcium-aluminosilicate oxynitride glass-ceramics
    • Abbas Saeed Hakeem
    • Natalia Wójcik
    • Stefania Wolff
    • Sharafat Ali
    2024 CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL

    This study aimed to investigate the impact of ZnO content on the structure, thermal, and electrical properties of oxynitride glass-ceramic(s) within the Ca–Al–Si–O–N (CASON) system. The base glass had the composition of Ca7Al14Si17O52N7, with ZnO additions ranging from 3 to 15 % by weight. A pristine Ca7Al14Si17O52N7 glass was successfully prepared by melt-quenching technique followed by converted into glass-ceramic by incorporating various amounts of ZnO using the field-assisted sintering technique. XRD and FESEM analysis confirmed that increasing the amount of Zn increases the crystallinity in the glass matrix. The observed crystalline phases were formed mostly from ZnO and showed higher conductivity than the remaining dielectric matrix. IR spectra confirmed the presence of bands correlated with the presence of Zn and suggested the progressive depolymerization of the silicate-aluminate network as a consequence of increasing Zn content. Density values varied between 2.75 and 2.94 gcm 3 and increased with increasing the Zn content in the glass-ceramic. The thermal expansion and thermal conductivity values increased and decreased, respectively, with the increase of Zn content in the matrix. The electrical properties of the samples were investigated using impedance spectroscopy over a wide range of frequencies (10 mHz to 1 MHz) and temperatures (153 K–623 K). The results showed that in the glass without ZnO and glass-ceramic(s) with a small addition of ZnO, the conductivity is mainly dominated by the transfer of oxygen ions and, to a small extent, by the presence of electronic conductivity. As the ZnO content increases, continuous conduction paths are formed between the ZnO crystallites, and the electrical conductivity increases rapidly and becomes dominated by electron transfer.

  • Evaluating the Use of Edge Device Towards Fall Detection in Smart City Environment
    • Tomasz Ludwisiak
    • Magdalena Mazur-Milecka
    • Tomasz Kocejko
    • Jacek Rumiński
    • Jo Kang-Hyun
    2024

    This paper presents the development and preliminary testing of a fall detection algorithm that leverages OpenPose for real-time human pose estimation from video feeds. The system is designed to function optimally within a range of up to 7 meters from ground-level cameras, focusing exclusively on detected human silhouettes to enhance processing efficiency. The performance of the proposed approach was evaluated using accuracy values obtained from experiments conducted on the Town Centre Dataset, Multiple Cameras Fall Dataset, and MPII Human Pose Dataset. The results demonstrate high accuracy levels for the investigated approaches, with the Dense Neural Network achieving accuracy rates of 98% on both the Town Centre & MPII Human Pose Dataset and the Multiple Cameras Fall Dataset. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the proposed fall detection system in accurately identifying fall events based on estimated human poses. This study details the algorithm's design, challenges in implementation, and potential for future IoT device integration, aiming to significantly enhance public safety and community monitoring capabilities.

  • Evaluating the Use of Edge Devices for Detection and Tracking of Vehicles in Smart City Environment
    • Tomasz Kocejko
    • Tomasz Neumann
    • Magdalena Mazur-Milecka
    • Natalia Kowalczyk
    • Jacek Rumiński
    • Jo Kang-Hyun
    • Miłosz Kaszyński
    • Tomasz Ludwisiak
    2024

    This paper introduces a Smart City solution designed to run on edge devices, leveraging NVIDIA's DeepStream SDK for efficient urban surveillance. We evaluate five object-tracking approaches, using YOLO as the baseline detector and integrating three Nvidia DeepStream trackers: IOU, NvSORT, and NvDCF. Additionally, we propose a custom tracker based on Optical Flow and Kalman filtering. The presented approach combines advanced machine learning and deep learning techniques to enhance object tracking in intelligent traffic management systems, contributing to the evolving landscape of urbanization. Experimental results highlight the challenges and potential improvements in tracking accuracy, particularly in addressing object misclassification. In the conducted study, the proposed method achieved average precision = 0.95.

  • Evaluating urban identity of Gdańsk historical inner city and Granary Island urban regeneration from a neighbourhood perspective
    • Edmond Manahasa
    • Katjana Boriçi
    • Piotr Lorens
    • Odeta Manahasa
    2024 Geographia Polonica

    This study focuses on the post-socialist urban development that evolved in Gdańsk, Poland. It aims to evaluate the effects of an urban regeneration project implemented in Granary Island, a central historical district, on the city identity. To achieve this goal, the study measures citizens’ identification by comparing both the new urban regeneration project and the historical inner city. The study discusses the relationship between urban identity and urban transformation. The methodology includes visual documentation, mapping, and social surveys supported by statistical analysis methods. Aiming to have a city-scale social representation, the survey was conducted with respondents (N = 210) from seven selected neighbourhoods within the city, evaluating identification and exploring its factors, considering physical and non-physical aspects. The identification with historical inner city is higher when compared with the newly regenerated area of Granary Island, although in both cases, most residents replied positively. The main reasons for identification with historical inner city are reported as self-described pride due to its cultural heritage values and historical old built environment, whereas for Granary Island, usage of old architectural elements in modern built environment, qualitative new built environment, and atmosphere created by new activities, social life, and cultural diversity. The citizens of more distant neighbourhoods reported lower identification

  • Evaluation of a Small Inland Ferry’s Energy Requirements from the Acceleration Stage of Towing Tank Model Tests
    • Magdalena Kunicka
    • Klaudia Wrzask
    • Wojciech Litwin
    • Mirosław Grygorowicz
    • Hamid Zeratgaar
    2024 Full text Polish Maritime Research

    Computing the power required to meet a ship’s operational needs is one of the most important tasks in naval design. The power required to propel a vessel is directly related to the resistance the hull experiences as it moves through the water. The conventional method of determining a ship’s resistance involves towing tank tests of ship models at a fixed speed; however, for short-range vessels, where constant speed is not the primary mode of operation, a dynamic model is needed. This paper demonstrates a way in which different operational motion profile models can be retrieved from the acceleration stage of towing tank tests. We show that the data from the acceleration stage, often overlooked in towing tank tests, allow us to derive the gliding equations of motion. A dynamic model of a small inland ferry on the Motława River in the city of Gdańsk is developed, which enables optimisation of the required power based on different operation profiles.

  • Evaluation of high-frequency roughness measurement errors for composite and ceramic surfaces after machining
    • Przemysław Podulka
    • Wojciech Macek
    • Mirosław Szala
    • Andrzej Kubit
    • Kinkar Chandra Das
    • Grzegorz Królczyk
    2024 Full text Journal of Manufacturing Processes

    Precise characterisation of surface topography is of the greatest importance since many factors directly affect the accuracy of the whole measurement process. In this paper, the variety of surface topographies from machined composite and ceramic workpieces was studied with a special emphasis on the measurement results. Surfaces were subjected to the ground diamond, honing and milling processes. Measurement results were analysed in terms of the application of the procedure for the removal of the high-frequency noise. Bandwidth characteristics were supported by the studies of autocorrelation and power spectral functions. It was found, that examination of noisy data, especially its isotropic properties, is crucial in the enhancement of the noise-removal methods. The proposed procedure was validated through direction and profile characterisation. The spline filtering technique with a 7.5 μm cut-off was encouraged against other generally used filtering techniques for the reduction of high-frequency measurement noise considering the study based on the power spectral, autocorrelation and direction functions. The proposed methodology was validated by comparing it to the averaged results of 3 time repeated measurements of the composite and ceramic surfaces after machining. The main advantage of the proposal is reducing the time of data processing due to the fast and easy-to-implement usage of general surface topography analysis functions, available in the commercial software of the measuring instrument.

  • Evaluation of Selected Heavy Metal Contaminants as Well as Nitrates and Nitrites in the Microgreens of Nigella (Nigella sativa L.), Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.), and Camelina (Camelina sativa L.) at Different Stages of Vegetation
    • Joanna Kapusta-Duch
    • Sylwester Smoleń
    • Elżbieta Jędrszczyk
    • Teresa Leszczyńska
    • Barbara Borczak
    • Barbara Kusznierewicz
    2024 Applied Sciences-Basel

    Microgreens are a new, rapidly growing group of foodstuffs. The decorative function of these is often accompanied by their use in traditional dishes. As microgreens are eaten at very early stages, when the development of the epidermis is at its minimum, the bioavailability of minerals will be found to be higher in microgreens then in mature vegetables. So, microgreens can be an excellent functional food, especially for mineral-deficient populations, although they can also be a source of contaminants such as heavy metals or nitrates and nitrites. The purpose of this study was to measure the levels of selected heavy metals (i.e., cadmium, arsenic, lead, chromium, aluminium, zinc, copper, cobalt, molybdenum, manganese, vanadium, boron, antimony, thallium, titanium and strontium), as well as nitrates and nitrites, in microgreens at various stage of vegetation, using uncommon oilseed plants like nigella—Nigella sativa L., safflower—Carthamus tinctorius L., and camelina—Camelina sativa L. The examined microgreens of rare oilseed plants may be a source of contaminants and nitrates. The mineral profile of these plants is mainly determined by their genotype. Microgreens’ cultivation involves compliance with safety standards and replicable conditions to guarantee that the highest nutritional value is reached at the lowest possible contaminant level.

  • Evaluation of Terpene Decomposition in Kaffir Lime Juice during Storage Using Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry and Proton Transfer Reaction–Mass Spectrometry
    • Martyna Lubinska-Szczygeł
    • Żaneta Polkowska
    • Bianka Tobolkova
    • Tomasz Majchrzak
    • Martin Polovka
    • Parichart Promchote
    • Shela Gorinstein
    2024 MOLECULES

    Kaffir lime juice, often treated as production waste, can be a good source of terpenes. These compounds undergo various decomposition processes under the influence of external factors, especially during transportation and storage. In this paper, it was possible to monitor changes in the terpene profile of kaffir lime juice under different storage conditions, namely, 4 ◦C, 20 ◦C, and 35 ◦C. The identification of key decomposition products was achieved using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS) and a data mining protocol. It was followed by tracing those products in different storage conditions using a high-throughput proton transfer reaction mass spectrometry (PTR–MS) approach. Based on our findings, degradation pathways were presented, showing that the main products resulting from storage are p-cymene, p-cymenene, terpinene-4-ol, and α-terpineol. It was shown that conversion to p-cymenene occurs after 5 days of storage. Terpinene-4-ol and α-terpineol were found to be the final products of the conversion at all temperatures. Changes in the composition of terpenes are important from the point of view of their bioactive properties.

  • Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Compression Therapy Combined with Exercises Versus Exercises Only Among Lipedema Patients Using Various Outcome Measures
    • Monika Czerwińska
    • Marcin Gruszecki
    • Jacek Rumiński
    • Rita Hansdorfer-Korzon
    2024 Life

    The treatment of lipedema remains challenging, largely due to widespread misconceptions. Selecting the appropriate treatment method necessitates the use of accurate outcome measures. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of compression therapy combined with exercises versus exercises alone in lipedema patients using various outcome measures. Twenty-four women with lipedema were divided into two equal groups: one group received compression therapy plus exercises while the other group performed exercises only. The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed before and after the intervention using several measures: an SF-36 questionnaire, a symptom severity survey, circumference (via 3D scanning), and body composition analysis. Significant improvements were observed in the SF-36 Physical Functioning and SF-36 Energy/Fatigue scores among participants in the compression group. Additionally, there was a reduction in the heaviness of extremities, the disproportion between the trunk and limbs, and the level of swelling in the compression therapy. Circumferences decreased in both groups. Although more circumferences were significantly reduced in the compression group, the reduction at the point above the knee was greater in the non-compression group. Compression therapy is an effective treatment for lipedema. Various measures, such as quality-of-life questionnaires and symptom severity surveys, can be used as valuable tools for assessing the effectiveness of lipedema treatment.

  • Evolution of charge density wave order in continuous solid solutions Lu(Ni1-xCox)C2
    • Herwig Michor
    • Marta Roman
    • Lisa Reisinger
    • Maria Fritthum
    • Jana Schmelzenbart
    • Alexander Vock
    • Volodymyr Levytskyi
    • Volodymyr Babizhetskyy
    • Bogdan Kotur
    2024 Full text JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS

    Pseudo-ternary solid solutions, Lu(Ni1-xCox)C2 (0 ≤ x ≤ 1), were studied by means of powder X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis as well as electrical resistivity and heat capacity measurements. The crystal structure of the Lu(Ni1-xCox)C2 series, as investigated by means of X-ray powder diffraction, is of structure type CeNiC2, space group Amm2, Pearson symbol oS8. The structural analysis reveals a non-monotonous evolution, in particular for the a- and c-lattice parameters, resulting in a non-linear decrease of the unit cell volume, markedly deviating from Vegard’s rule, due to non-isoelectronic substitution of Ni by Co. Utilizing differential thermal analysis (DTA) data, a pseudo-binary phase diagram LuNiC2–LuCoC2 has been constructed. The evolution of charge density wave order in Lu(Ni1-xCox)C2, which reaches an ordering temperature TCDW ≅ 450 K for LuNiC2, was studied by means of electrical resistivity and heat capacity measurements. For solid solutions prepared via the floating-zone melting technique it became feasible to trace charge density wave (CDW) features of the temperature dependent electrical resistivity, thus, indicating a critical composition for the suppression of CDW order in Lu(Ni1-xCox)C2 at around x ≈ 0.15 – 0.17, which matches with a distinct drop of the composition dependent electronic Sommerfeld coefficient of the low temperature heat capacity of Ni-rich solid solutions.

  • Ewolucja zawodu nauczycielskiego. Od klasycznej szkoły do nowych wyzwań.
    • Aneta Sobiechowska-Ziegert
    • Katarzyna Kubiszewska
    2024 Refleksje. Kwartalnik Zachodniopomorskiego Centrum Doskonalenia Nauczycieli

    Zawód nauczyciela od zawsze był traktowany jako fundament społeczeństwa, kształtujący umysły i charaktery przyszłych pokoleń. Jednakże w dzisiejszym, dynamicznym świecie ranga i rola nauczyciela ulegają znaczącym przemianom. W związku z postępującą digitalizacją, zmianami w sposobie przyswajania wiedzy przez młodych ludzi oraz ewoluującymi potrzebami edukacyjnymi, zawód nauczyciela staje w obliczu nowych zagrożeń, ale również oferuje szereg niezaprzeczalnych szans. W niniejszym artykule przyjrzymy się wyzwaniom oraz możliwościom, jakie niesie Edukacja 4.0 dla zawodu nauczyciela, ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem aspektów związanych z tutoringiem, budowaniem relacji z uczniami oraz wspieraniem ich w osiąganiu celów naukowych i rozwojowych.

  • Examination of 5G NR, LTE, and NB-IoT Radio Interfaces and Their Vulnerabilities to Interference
    • Piotr Rajchowski
    2024 Full text Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

    Modern cellular wireless communication systems of the fourth (4G) and fifth generation (5G) face a problem of various types of interference or intentional jamming. Consequently, a degradation of the services provided and an incorrect network operation may occur. In this paper, configuration of the networks’ physical layer is investigated, with the said investigation preceded by the measurement of parameters of commercial networks operating in two different environments, to assess their vulnerabilities to interference or intentional jamming. Finally, a method for analyzing the radio signal received with the use of 5G New Radio (NR), Long Term Evolution (LTE), and Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) radio interfaces is proposed, to detect and mitigate the negative impact of unwanted signals. Software-based implementation of the proposed method allows one to detect and mitigate co-channel interference, intentional jamming and maintain compatibility of user equipment (UE) with the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) standard, as it does not affect operations performed, for instance, at the time and frequency synchronization or channel parameter estimation phases.

  • Example of Using Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm with Nelder–Mead Method for Flow Improvement in Axial Last Stage of Gas–Steam Turbine
    • Paweł Ziółkowski
    • Łukasz Witanowski
    • Stanisław Głuch
    • Piotr Klonowicz
    • Michel Feidt
    • Aimad Koulali
    2024 Full text ENERGIES

    This article focuses principally on the comparison baseline and the optimized flow efficiency of the final stage of an axial turbine operating on a gas–steam mixture by applying a hybrid Nelder– Mead and the particle swarm optimization method. Optimization algorithms are combined with CFD calculations to determine the flowpaths and thermodynamic parameters. The working fluid in this study is a mixture of steam and gas produced in a wet combustion chamber, therefore the new turbine type is currently undergoing theoretical research. The purpose of this work is to redesign and examine the last stage of the gas–steam turbine’s flow characteristics. Among the optimized variables, there are parameters characterizing the shape of the endwall contours within the rotor domain. The values of the maximized objective function, which is the isentropic efficiency of the turbine stage, are found from the 3D RANS computation of the flowpath geometry changing during the improvement scheme. The optimization process allows the stage efficiency to be increased by almost 4 percentage points. To achieve high-quality results, a mesh of over 20 million elements is used, where the percentage error in efficiency between the previous and current mesh sizes drops below 0.05%.

  • Excitation of Circularly Polarized Wave via Single-Feed Metasurface-Integrated Compact Antenna for Internet of Things
    • Shahanawaz Kamal
    • Ullah Ubaid
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    2024 AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS

    A compact circularly polarized (CP) quasi-omnidirectional antenna is introduced for internet of things (IoT). The structure consists of two components implemented on FR-4 substrates, and sep-arated by an air gap: one printed with a rectangular patch fed through a matching network, and another with a metasurface and a ground plane. Two different methods for impedance matching are employed. An equivalent circuit model of the antenna is developed to facilitate the analysis. The design procedure, operating principle, and experimental validation of the antenna are de-scribed. The optimized antenna occupies 0.3λ × 0.1λ footprint and 0.04λ height at 16 GHz and exhibits the impedance bandwidth of ∼2 GHz, axial ratio of <3dB, realized gain of 6 dBi and efficiency of ~80%.

  • Excitation of the Secondary Modes by the Broad Spectrum Sound in a Liquid with Relaxation Losses
    • Anna Perelomova
    2024 Full text Archives of Acoustics

    Features of nonlinear phenomena and, in particular, acoustic excitation of the entropy and relaxation modes in a liquid electrolyte with a chemical reaction are examined. The total range of frequencies of an exciter is considered, and the instantaneous dynamic equations are derived which govern perturbations in the secondary modes. The instantaneous leading-order acoustic forces of the secondary modes are evaluated. Examples of harmonic and nearly harmonic acoustic exciter are considered in detail. The difference in the nonlinear acoustic phenomena in an electrolyte and gases with relaxation mechanisms are specified and discussed.

  • Excitation of Waves in a Dispersive Medium. Example of Flow of a Bubbly Liquid
    • Anna Perelomova
    2024 Full text ACTA PHYSICA POLONICA A

    The excitation of wave motion by an external source and the interaction of modes inherent to a ow in a dispersive medium are considered. Dispersion is caused by the presence of gaseous bubbles in a liquid. A large variety of steady excited waveforms is possible when the exciting wave is also steady and propagates at a constant velocity. The velocities of the exciter and forced waves may be dierent. This leads to a variety of non-stationary excitations

  • Expedited Machine-Learning-Based Global Design Optimization of Antenna Systems Using Response Features and Multi-Fidelity EM Analysis
    • Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    • Leifur Leifsson
    2024

    The design of antenna systems poses a significant challenge due to stringent per-formance requirements dictated by contemporary applications and the high com-putational costs associated with models, particularly full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis. Presently, EM simulation plays a crucial role in all design phases, encompassing topology development, parametric studies, and the final adjustment of antenna dimensions. The latter stage is especially critical as rigorous numerical optimization becomes essential for achieving optimal performance. In an increas-ing number of instances, global parameter tuning is necessary. Unfortunately, the use of nature-inspired algorithms, the prevalent choice for global design, is hin-dered by their poor computational efficiency. This article presents an innovative approach to cost-efficient global optimization of antenna input characteristics. Our methodology leverages response feature technology, ensuring inherent regulariza-tion of the optimization task by exploring the nearly-linear dependence between the coordinates of feature points and the antenna's dimensions. The optimization process is structured as a machine learning (ML) procedure, utilizing a kriging surrogate model rendering response features to generate promising candidate de-signs (infill points). This model is iteratively refined using accumulated EM simulation data. Further acceleration is achieved by incorporating multi-fidelity EM analysis, where initial sampling and surrogate model construction use low-fidelity EM simulations, and the ML optimization loop employs high-fidelity EM analysis. The multi-fidelity EM simulation data is blended into a single surrogate using co-kriging. Extensive verification of the presented algorithm demonstrates its remarkable computational efficiency, with an average running cost not exceed-ing ninety EM simulations per run and up to a seventy percent relative speedup over the single-fidelity procedure.

  • Expedited Re-Design of Multi-Band Passive Microwave Circuits Using Orthogonal Scaling Directions and Gradient-Based Tuning
    • Sławomir Kozieł
    • Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
    • Ubaid Ullah
    2024 Full text Scientific Reports

    Geometry scaling of microwave circuits is an essential but challenging task. In particular, the employment of a given passive structure in a different application area often requires re-adjustment of the operating frequencies/bands while maintaining top performance. Achieving this necessitates utilization of numerical optimization methods. Nonetheless, if the intended frequencies are distant from the ones at the starting point, local search procedures tend to fail, whereas global search algorithms are computationally expensive. As recently demonstrated, a combination of large-scale concurrent geometry parameter scaling with intermittent local tuning allows for dependable re-design of high-frequency circuits at low CPU costs. Unfortunately, the procedure is only applicable to single-band structures due to synchronized modifications of all operating bands under scaling. This article discusses a novel procedure that leverages a similar overall concept, but allows for independent control of all center frequencies. To achieve this goal, an automated decision-making procedure is developed in which a set of orthogonal scaling directions are determined based on their effect on individual circuit bands, and using auxiliary optimization sub-problems. The scaling range is then automatically computed by solving and appropriately-defined least-square design relocation problem. The methodology introduced in the work is illustrated using two planar passive devices. In both cases, wide-range operating frequency re-design has been demonstrated and favorably compared to conventional gradient-based tuning. Furthermore, the presented procedure has been shown to be computationally efficient. It is also easy to implement and integrate with a variety of gradient-based optimization procedures of a descent type.

  • Experimental and Numerical Investigations of the Effect of Curing Conditions on the Temperature Rise of Concrete
    • Aleksandra Kuryłowicz-Cudowska
    2024 Full text International Journal of Civil Engineering

    This paper presents experimental and numerical studies investigating the impact of three curing conditions on temperature evolution in concrete cubes. The tests were performed on samples of the same volume (3.375 dm3) under different curing conditions: room temperature, insulation boxes, and adiabatic calorimeter. Various cements (Portland cement, Portland composite cement, and blast furnace slag cement) and aggregates (gravel and basalt) were examined. The temperature evolution for all mixtures was analyzed, revealing a correlation between temperature increase and concrete type. Under insulation and adiabatic curing, Portland cement with gravel aggregate exhibited the highest temperature rise, while blast furnace slag cement with basalt aggregate showed the lowest increase. The incorporation of slag, ash, or other mineral additives reduced temperature rise. Additionally, basalt aggregate’s higher heat capacity and thermal energy accumulation led to a decreased temperature increase compared to gravel. Using recorded thermal data, a numerical procedure predicting temperature development in nonadiabatic conditions through direct adiabatic tests is proposed. Comparisons between experimental and numerical temperature evolutions confirmed the model’s accuracy.