2024 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2024

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Inorganic membrane: a game changer for gas separation and purification
- Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan
- Mamoona Riaz
- Ayesha Mohyuddin
- Ahtisham Haider
- Shahnoor Ali
- G. Abdulkareem-Alsultan
- Mohd Hafiz Dzarfan Othman
- Hui Hwang Goh
- Abdelkader Anouzla
- Hussein Al-Hazmi
- Faissal Aziz
- Yusuf Wibisono
- Tutuk Djoko Kusworo
- Sadeq Abdullah Abdo Alkhadher
- Md. Rajibur Rahaman Khan
2024 CHEMICAL PAPERS
This review explores the advancements and remaining challenges in inorganic membrane science, particularly focusing on their potential for industrial applications. It delves into the fundamental principles of inorganic membrane design, fabrication, and characterization techniques. The review also critically analyzes key challenges faced by inorganic membranes, such as physical aging, plasticization, defective formation, and fouling. Strategies for overcoming the limitations to enhance permeability and long-term stability are discussed. Specific examples are provided to illustrate the applications of inorganic membranes in gas separation and wastewater treatment, emphasizing their high chemical stability, as compared to conventional polymeric membranes. The energy efficiency of inorganic membranes for volatile organic compound (VOC) removal at ambient temperatures is highlighted with PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) serving as an example for removing toluene, xylene, and acetone from gas streams. Finally, the review assesses future research directions to further enhance the engineering applicability of inorganic membranes for wastewater treatment and gas separation, solidifying their position as a promising technology for diverse industrial processes.
Insights in microbiotechnology: 2022.Editorial
- Muhammad Bilal
2024 Full text Frontiers in Microbiology
This Research Topic serves as an invaluable resource for readers interested in staying updated with the latest progress and developments in the field of microbiotechnology. It spotlights the innovative research conducted by up-and-coming experts in the field, specifically emphasizing the transforming abilities of microorganisms that greatly influence the scientific community. The advent of multi-omic technologies has revolutionized microbiotechnology, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of the molecular landscape. Additional research is required to explore artificial intelligence, machine learning, multidimensional statistical techniques, and user-friendly analytical tools for uncovering the correlation between microbial metabolites and the host, as well as gaining a deeper comprehension of microbial interaction with environmental pollutants.
Instalacje fotowoltaiczne w budownictwie wielorodzinnym
- Konrad Seklecki
- Leszek Litzbarski
- Kuba Wójcik
- Zuzanna Cieślikowska
- Mirosław Włas
- Jacek Grochowski
2024 Full text Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
Artykuł opisuje wpływ instalacji fotowoltaicznych na bezpieczeństwo eksploatacji budynków wielorodzinnych. W oparciu o projekty rzeczywistych obiektów przeprowadzono analizę zwiększenia ryzyka strat odgromowych, zmiany obciążenia konstrukcji dachu i wzrostu zagrożenia pożarowego na skutek montażu systemu fotowoltaicznego. Przeprowadzone obliczenia wskazują na konieczność kompleksowego podejścia do projektowania instalacji fotowoltaicznych. Dodatkowo oszacowano opłacalność takiej inwestycji w przypadku budynków wielorodzinnych.
Integration of electric vehicle into smart grid: a meta heuristic algorithm for energy management between V2G and G2V
- G. Srihari
- R. S. R. Krishnam Naidu
- Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
- Parameshachari Bidare Divakarachari
- Ravi Kiran Varma Penmatsa
2024 Full text Frontiers in Energy Research
Recently, Electric Vehicles (EV) have been providing fast response and substantial progress in the power generation model. Further, EVs are exploited as adaptable Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) and show a promising performance in ancillary service markets to increase the demand of Smart Grid (SG) integration. The expansion of Vehicle-to-Grid concept has created an extra power source when renewable energy sources are not available. Yet, numerous operational problems still are required to be considered for EV implementation to turn out to be extensive. Even the development of Photo-Voltaic (PV) technology creates a problem in SGs when used for EV charging. Because of this, the Energy Management System (EMS) is required to handle charging requirements and deal with the intermittent generation. Here, in this research, an Improved Honey Badger algorithm (IHBA) is proposed for integrating SGs with EV parking lot, solar panels, and dynamic loads at the Point of Common Coupling (PCC). The proposed IHBA uses a dynamic programming method to optimize the charging Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) or discharging Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) profiles of the EVs using the forecasts of PV generation. This algorithm considers user preferences while also lowering reliance on the grid and maximizing SG effectiveness. The study’s findings show that the Honey Badger method is efficient in resolving issues involving large search spaces. The developed method is used to optimize charging and discharging of EV which is tested in MATLAB to obtain a stable load profile. From the evaluation of obtained results, it is evident that the IHBA controller outperforms the WOA and EHO controllers in terms of total harmonic distortion voltage (3.12%), power loss (0.197 kW) and efficiency (98.47%).
Interventions reducing car usage: Systematic review and meta-analysis
- Romanika Okraszewska
- Aleksandra Romanowska
- Dana Clarissa Laetsch
- Anna Gobis
- Lucia Reisch
- Carlijn B.M. Kamphuis
- Jeroen Lakerveld
- Piotr Krajewski
- Anna Banik
- Nicolette R. Den Braver
- Sarah Forberger
- Hermann Brenner
- Joanna Żukowska
2024 Full text TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH PART D-TRANSPORT AND ENVIRONMENT
This systematic literature review aimed to investigate the extent to which transport-related interventions induced a reduction in car use. Both qualitative synthesis and meta-analysis were employed. The synthesis included 31 original studies, while the meta-analysis included 21. Of the qualitatively synthesised studies, 74 % demonstrated that interventions were effective in reducing car use. The pooled estimates of the effects showed a significant reduction in car usage with a mean effect size of Hedges’ g = -0.117 (p = 0.024). The effect strongly varies across the studies due to considerable heterogeneity (I2 = .98, with a 95 % prediction interval from −0.589 to 0.355). At the moderator level, no significant differences were identified in the mean effect sizes for any subgroups, and the key factors could not be distinguished. The current body of evidence highlights that transport-related interventions can significantly influence car usage reduction, while literature suggests that this may benefit environment and society.
Introduction to the RSC Advances themed collection on nano and microscale modifications of biomaterials
- Andrzej Zieliński
- Beata Majkowska-Marzec
2024 Full text RSC Advances
The dramatically increasing development of novel biomaterials, their manufacturing techniques, and surface modications, as well as their application in in vivo tests and clinical trials, is evident. It is interesting to note in what a relatively short time the well-known long-term implants have become medical standard: titanium dental implants started in 1965, and total hip arthroplasty (not very successful) was rst attempted in 1961. Even aer about y years of research, real progress can be noticed recently thanks to composite materials and coatings, the development of their fabrication such as 3D printing, and, last but not least, the appearance of sophisticated instruments to characterize surfaces, e.g. atomic force microscopy. For implants and materials for bone repair, the role of an interface between any materials is key. The bulk properties are important to assess the durability of the implant as a whole construct, and the interface dictates the corrosion rate, hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, bioactivity, antibacterial properties, and the lack of cytotoxicity. All these surface properties determine the function and lifetime of long-term implants. And, all of them are modeled at the nano and microscale.
Investigating BiMeVOx compounds as potential photoelectrochemical and electrochemical materials for renewable hydrogen production
- Mariusz Szkoda
- Malgorzata Skorupska
- Patrycja Grabowska
- Marta Gajewska
- Anna Ilnicka
2024 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
In this study, BiMeVOx compounds (where Me: Co, Mo, Ce, Zr) were synthesized and characterized as potential photoelectrochemical materials for solar water splitting, the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and oxygen evolution reaction (OER). The analysis confirmed the successful formation of phase BiMeVOx compounds with the desired crystal structure. Among the tested materials, BiCoVOx(800) showed the highest photocurrent density (674 μA cm−2) and HER/OER activity (Tafel slope: HER = 100 mV dec−1 and OER = 75 mV dec−1), followed by BiMoVOx(800), BiCeVOx(800), and BiZrVOx(800). The superior photoelectrochemical performance of BiCoVOx(800) can be attributed to its unique electronic structure and optimized band alignment, which promote efficient charge separation and facilitate the water splitting and hydrogen evolution processes. The findings of this study highlight the promising potential of the synthesized BiMeVOx materials, particularly BiCoVOx, as efficient photoelectrochemical catalysts for water splitting. These results contribute to the advancement of renewable energy technologies and provide valuable insights for the design and development of novel photoactive materials.
Investigating COVID-19 active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) degradation using Peroxydisulfate/FeMnOx binary metal oxide/Ultrasound System
- Amin Bagheri
- Akram Fallah
- Jakub Karczewski
- Akbar Eslami
- Amir Mohammad Sheikh Asadi
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
2024 Full text Water Resources and Industry
Degradation of Favipiravir using a hybrid system of peroxydisulfate, FeMnOx binary metal oxide, and ultrasound irradiation was studied. A novel catalyst was synthesized with deep eutectic solvent (DES). The effects of DES type on catalytic performance was evaluated and the catalysts were characterized using XRD, SEM, BET, XPS, and EDS. DES-based catalysts exhibited higher efficiency due to structure change, surface area enhancement and significantly improved Favipiravir adsorption. The DES-based catalyst exhibited a 30 % increase in surface area and a 20-fold increase in Mn content. Additionally, XRD and XPS analyses suggested the reduction of Fe3+ ions, possibly to Fe3O4. Optimal operational parameters (pH = 10, catalyst dose = 500 mg/L, and rox = 20) provide removal efficiency of 70.1 % after 3 h. The catalyst showed stable activity after three cycles, indicating reusability. This study presents a promising approach for the sustainable degradation of COVID-19 APIs, with implications for the pharmaceutical industry.
Investigating Fuel Injection Strategies to Enhance Ship Energy Efficiency in Wave Conditions
- Mohammad Ghaemi
- Hamid Zeraatgar
- Mojtaba Barjasteh
2024 Full text Polish Maritime Research
The prediction of fuel consumption and resulting transportation costs is a crucial stage in ship design, particularly for conditions involving motion in waves. This study investigates the real-time fuel consumption of a container ship when sailing in waves. The overall ship performance is evaluated using a novel non-linear coupled hull-engine-propeller interaction model. A series of towing tank experiments for hull resistance in waves and propeller performance are conducted. The ship engine is mathematically modelled by a quasi-steady-state model equipped with a linear Proportional-Integrator (PI) governor. Various scenarios of shipping transportation are studied, and the resulting instantaneous fuel consumptions and their correlation to other dynamic particulars are demonstrated. Additionally, daily fuel consumption and fuel cost per voyage distance are presented. It is also shown that the controller can effectively adjust the fuel rate, resulting in minimum fuel consumption. The study concludes that there is no correlation between fuel consumption and the frequency of fuel rates. The present framework and mathematical model can also be employed for ship design and existing ships to predict the total required energy per voyage.
Investigating the sustainability, utilisation, consumption and conservation of sea mammals – A systematic review
- Shahida Anusha Siddiqui
- Sunayana Baruah
- Yuan Seng Wu
- Sunrixon Carmando Yuansah
- Roberto Castro Munoz
- Andrzej Szymkowiak
- Piotr Kulawik
2024 Full text Sustainable Production and Consumption
Almost 80 % of the oceans, especially the Arctic and Subarctic are primarily inhabited by marine mammals. Marine species depend mostly on sea ice for food, raising their young ones and safeguarding themselves from predators. Consumption of marine mammals has always been recommended as healthy, but the truth is that it can be detrimental for human health because of sea water pollution from trash and chemicals. This systematic review provides an in-depth examination of sea mammals, their complex relationship with humans, and their sustainability in the face of various threats such as overexploitation and climate change. Through analysis of various aspects regarding human-sea mammal interactions - including consumption, cultural and religious beliefs, use in traditional medicine, and negative impacts from, e.g. by-catch and overfishing - the significant pressures exerted on these species are highlighted in this systematic review. Despite conservation efforts, certain sea mammal populations continue to decline, necessitating more robust research and policy action. The need for further research into the sustainable utilisation of sea mammals, considering health, ecological, economic, ethical and cultural aspects, as well as the accumulation of pollutants in sea mammals, is underscored. Additionally, a comprehensive list of knowledge gaps and future research directions are provided to enhance our understanding and conservation of these unique marine creatures.
Investigating trip and parking characteristics of hospitals: A case study from Tri-City, Poland
- Marta Sochacka
- Aleksandra Romanowska
- Wojciech Kustra
2024 Journal of Transport & Health
This research aims to investigate public hospitals’ trip and parking characteristics based on the study conducted in Poland in September 2021 on the example of the Tri-City agglomeration. The main objective of the research was to build models of the relationship between the number of trips during peak transport hours and the number of beds. The second research element was the analysis of transport behavior in these areas. The research included measuring vehicle and pedestrian flow on the road network for four hospitals (2 in Gdansk and 2 in Gdynia) and analyzing data from two parking systems. Research data has shown that hospitals are large traffic generators and can negatively affect the road network’s capacity around them. This accounts for hundreds to over two thousand vehicle trips per hour generated by a single development. Traffic related to hospitals is structured with distinct peaks which partially overlap the peak hours of surrounding traffic. The results showed that trip generation rates by hospitals range from 1.25 to 2.9 per bed in the AM peak hour and 1.01 to 2.78 in the PM peak hour, and 54–68% of these trips are made by car, depending on the location of the hospital or the availability of public transport. An important element of the transport service for these facilities is the possibility of parking the vehicle in the immediate vicinity of the hospital. Parking characteristics strongly depend on parking users, with different distributions of parking times and arrival/departure times. The results may be used to predict and assess the traffic impact of existing and new developments, which is valuable knowledge for urban planners and transport engineers.
Investigation of antifungal and antibacterial potential of green extracts of propolis
- Jeslin Cheruvathoor Jenny
- Piotr Kuś
- Piotr Szweda
2024 Full text Scientific Reports
Propolis extracts have been used in traditional medicines since ages due to its advantageous complex chemical composition. However, the antibacterial and antifungal activity of poplar propolis extracts prepared in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvent (NADES) are seldom studied. This study investigates suitable alternate for ethanol as a solvent for extraction for Polish poplar propolis. It also attempts to identify suitable extraction condition for the efficient transfer of compounds from propolis to the solvents. The extraction efficiency of NADES extracts was assessed in terms of total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and antimicrobial activity. The chemical composition of the extracts was analysed using UHPLC-DAD-QqTOF-MS. Four extracts, prepared in Propylene Glycol, Choline Chloride:Propylene Glycol (1:3), Choline Chloride:Propylene Glycol (1:4) and Choline Chloride:Glycerol (1:2), demonstrated activity and properties similar to ethanolic extract and extraction at 50 °C was found the most suitable for propolis. HPLC analysis confirmed that the chemical cocktail extracted by these solvents from propolis were identical with minor variations in their concentration as compared to its ethanolic extract. Thus, extracts of propolis at 50 °C in Propylene Glycol, Choline Chloride:Propylene Glycol (1:3) and Choline Chloride:Propylene Glycol (1:4) can be alternates for ethanolic extracts.
Investigation of RH effect on uncommon limonene ozonolysis products and SOA formation in indoor air with real time measurement techniques
- Klaudia Pytel
- Bożena Zabiegała
2024 Full text CHEMOSPHERE
Scientific interest in SOA influence on indoor air quality increases since last 20 years. It is well known, that particles of nano-sized diameter pose a threat for human health causing, among others: eye, upper airway irritation, inflammatory response in cells, worsening asthma, hypertension, diabetes, and central nervous dysfunction. Terpenes are reactive VOCs, commonly emitted in indoor air and considered to be SOA precursors by oxidation reactions. The aim of this study was to investigate the relative humidity influence on i) formation of limonene ozonolysis products and ii) SOA formation process – especially the first steps of it. We managed to determine 4 uncommon limonene ozonolysis products (m/z: 43, 83, 99 and 110) appearing in the PTR-TOF-MS mass spectra with the same frequency as well-known formaldehyde, acetone, acetic acid and formic acid. We also detected m/z 75 and m/z 115 formed under dry conditions and m/z 111 and m/z 125 formed under humid conditions. Detected masses formula is proposed with probability >70 % and the probability is derived from the deviation of the exact mass to the measured one and the isotope distribution. SMPS data analysis allowed us to conclude that RH around 40% increases particle mass concentration, regardless initial limonene concentration. Unfortunately, conclusions about RH influence on particle number concentration are inconsistent. Under low initial terpene concentration, RH around 40% decreases particle number concentration. However, for high initial limonene concentration, RH around 40% caused increase in particle number concentration. Obtained results allowed to conclude, that i) RH influences both particle number and particle mass concentration, ii) initial substrate concentration influences SOA formation altering the RH effect, iii) comparison of results and drawing conclusions is difficult due to different experimental protocols in the literature and due to the number of factors influencing SOA formation initiated by terpene oxidation.
Investigation of the antimicrobial potential and microbiota of bee pollen and bee bread derived from Polish apiaries
- Karolina Matejczuk
2024 Full text
The phenomenon of resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics is becoming one of the greatest challenges of modern medicine. At the same time, the number of new antibiotics introduced into clinical practice is decreasing. This creates the need to search for new, effective, non-antibiotic methods of combating and preventing infectious diseases. Over the last two decades, there has been renewed interest in the antimicrobial potential of natural products, including bee products. The object of my interest were two less known bee products – bee pollen and bee bread, mainly the antimicrobial activity of these products. The results I obtained are very promising. The high activity of ethanolic extracts of bee pollen and bee bread, as well as the products themselves, has been demonstrated to combat dangerous pathogens (e.g., Staphylococcus aureus) of humans and animals. The important role of proteinaceous substances (mainly bee-derived peptides and enzymes) in the antimicrobial activity of these products has been confirmed. It was also found that a significant percentage of bacterial strains isolated from pollen and bee bread (mainly Bacillus spp.) have a high probiotic potential and the ability to synthesize metabolites that effectively inhibit the development of pathogenic bacteria. The results of the research were presented in the form of four scientific publications.
Investigation of use of hydrophilic/hydrophobic NADESs for selective extraction of As(III) and Sb(III) ions in vegetable samples: Air assisted liquid phase microextraction and chemometric optimization
- Adil Elik
- Bünyamin Doğan
- Ahmet Demirbas
- Hameed Haq
- Khan Sanaullah
- Nail Altunay
2024 FOOD CHEMISTRY
In this paper, a green, cost-effective sample preparation method based on air assisted liquid phase microextraction (AA-LPME) was developed for the simultaneous extraction of As(III) and Sb(III) ions from vegetable samples using hydrophilic/hydrophobic natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs). Central composite design was used for the optimization of extraction factors including NADES volume, extraction cycle, pH, and curcumin concentration. Limits of detection for As(III) and Sb(III) were 1.5 ng L−1 and 0.06 ng L−1, respectively. Working ranges for As(III) and Sb(III) were 0.2–300 ng L−1 (coefficient of determination (R2 = 0.9978) and 5–400 ng L−1 (R2 = 0.9996), respectively. Relative standard deviations for As(III) and Sb(III) were 2.2–2.8% and 2.9–3.2%, respectively. Enrichment factor of the method was 184 for As(III) and 172 for Sb(III). The accuracy and precision of the AA-NADES-LPME method were investigated by intraday/interday studies and standard reference material analysis, respectively. Finally, the AA-NADES-LPME method was successfully applied to microwave digested vegetable samples using the standard addition approach and acceptable recoveries were achieved.
Investigation of vortex assisted magnetic deep eutectic solvent based dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction for separation and determination of vanadium from water and food matrices: Multivariate analysis
- Nail Altunay
- Muhammad Farooque Lanjwani
- Mustafa Tuzen
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
2024 JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
A new and simple vortex assisted magnetic deep eutectic solvent dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction procedure (VA-MDES-DLLME) was developed for the determination of vanadium (V) in food and water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). In the extraction medium, a bis(acetylpivalylmethane) ethylenediimine (H2APM2en) was used for the complexation of V(V) in sample solution at pH 6. The VA-MDES-DLLME was optimized by different operation parameters, pH level of solution, MDESs volume, vortex time, concentration of complexing agent and samples volume. The accuracy of VA-MDES-DLLME was confirmed by analysis of certified reference materials (CRMs) and standard additional method in respect to real samples. The detection limit, quantification limit and enhancement factor were found 0.3, 1.0 ng mL−1 and 120, respectively. The linearity was confirmed for wide concentration range from 1 to 600 ng mL−1 and relative standard deviation (RSD) is 2.8 %. The multivariate statistical analysis was used for factorial design to explore the effects of extraction parameters on recovery of V(V) and also significant level of variables.
Investigations of Energy Conversion and Surface Effect for Laser-Illuminated Gold Nanorod Platforms
- Piotr Radomski
- Paweł Ziółkowski
- Aimad Koulali
- Dariusz Mikielewicz
- Federica Zaccagnini
- Francesca Petronella
- Luciano de Sio
2024 Full text ENERGIES
Achieving a quick temperature increase is a burning issue for biophysical applications, like germ inactivation and tumor ablation, and for energy performances, like solar collectors and steam generators. Based on the plasmon resonance phenomenon, noble metallic nanoparticles have emerged as promising weapons due to their very high biocompatibility, optical properties, and high surface-to-volume ratio, increasing energy conversion and allowing the maximum temperature to be reached faster. This work examines the energy conversion in sandwiched glassy platforms with gold nanorods. The platforms are kept vertically in the air and illuminated by a 0.5 W near-infrared laser (808 nm). To describe this aspect theoretically, the size and conversion efficiency of the electromagnetic properties are compromised between the proposed model and the stability of the nanorods. As a research approach, our model of cross-sections and polarizability for the surface effect is proposed, coupled with classical CFD numerical calculations. The results of the proposed model, validated by a thermal camera and spectroscopy measurements, indicate that as long as the energy conversion is visible with relatively low-power lasers (ΔT = 18.5 °C), the platforms do not offer fast heat dissipation. The results indicate that, despite the flow forcing by the air inflow, the entropy generation due to heat conduction is more than three orders higher than the dynamic entropy production. Flow forcing corresponds to the value of the velocity for classical convective motions. Therefore, the delivered heat flux must be distributed via convective transport or the associated high-conductive materials.
iPP/HDPE blends compatibilized by a polyester: An unconventional concept to valuable products
- Lidia Jasińska-Walc
- Jakub Kruszyński
- Weronika Nowicka
- Rob Duchateau
- Miloud Bouyahyi
- Lanti Yang
- Artur Różański
- Liu Yingxin
- Daniele Parisi
- Ahmad Farhan
2024 Full text Science Advances
Polyolefins are the most widely used plastics accounting for a large fraction of the polymer waste stream. Although reusing polyolefins seems to be a logical choice, their recycling level remains disappointingly low. This is mainly due to the lack of large-scale availability of efficient and inexpensive compatibilizers for mixed polyolefin waste, typically consisting of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and isotactic polypropylene (iPP) that, despite their similar chemical hydrocarbon structure, are immiscible. Here, we describe an unconventional approach of using polypentadecalactone, a straightforward and simple-to-produce aliphatic polyester, as a compatibilizer for iPP/HDPE blends, especially the brittle iPP-rich ones. The unexpectedly effective compatibilizer transforms brittle iPP/HDPE blends into unexpectedly tough materials that even outperform the reference HDPE and iPP materials. This simple approach creates opportunities for upcycling polymer waste into valuable products.
IS SMALLER BETTER? THE VALUATION OF SOCIAL IMPACTS OF DIFFERENTLY SIZED SPORTING EVENTS. THE CASE OF GDAŃSK
- Krystian Zawadzki
2024 Full text Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism
Introduction. There is a discourse in the international literature regarding the impact of large sporting events on the place where they are held. In the last few years, particular emphasis has been laid on intangible effects, including social impacts that may occur not only in the case of mega sporting events but also in smaller sporting events. Therefore, the main aim of this paper is to estimate the monetary value of intangible social benefits of differently sized sporting events held in two sporting arenas in Gdańsk, Poland, using the contingent valuation method. Material and methods. The research concerns four sporting events of various sizes organised in Gdańsk in 2012-2023. In each case, a hypothetical event scenario was used to determine the willingness to pay among the surveyed inhabitants of Gdańsk. A tobit model was used to determine the statistical relationship between the proposed monetary offers and social impacts. Results. It was found that sporting events, regardless of their size, determine the occurrence of social impacts among host city residents. Even though aggregated values are lower in the case of smaller events, when added together, they constitute a higher percentage of actual public expenditure incurred on the construction of sports facilities. Conclusions. By valuing intangible effects, it is possible, at least partially, to justify the spending of public funds for the organisation of sporting events. At the same time, smaller sporting events have more significant potential for host city residents than mega sporting events.
Is the Concept of Zero Waste Possible to Implement in Construction?
- Bogumiła Kapica
- Wojciech Targowski
- Andrzej Kulowski
2024 Full text Buildings
The scientifically treated problem of reusing building materials appeared in the literature more than 50 years ago. This paper includes an analysis of the characteristics of recycled building materials, which is a prerequisite for rational recycling. The analysis and simulation of building stocks at different scales has led to the conclusion that the most important link in the transformation of the construction industry towards the widespread use of reused materials is the unification of the demolition, storage, and redistribution systems. System solutions based on policy studies for each of the first three phases of a building’s life cycle assessment (LCA), i.e., design, legislation, and construction, were proposed. It was also recognised that the socially widespread habit of reusing building materials requires a properly conducted educational process and legalisation at the state level. This article presents proposals for educational activities along with the definition of the in-dividual stages of the process of recycling building materials. The expected results are the decar-bonisation of the building industry and communities, the growth of sustainable systems, and low-ering the environmental impacts of buildings.