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Publications Repository
Gdańsk University of Technology

Publications from the year 2024

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  • Finger Vein Presentation Attack Detection Method Using a Hybridized Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix Feature with Light-Gradient Boosting Machine Model
    • Kashif Shaheed
    • Piotr Szczuko
    • Inam Ullah
    • Hammed Mojeed
    • Abdullateef O. Balogun
    • Luiz Fernando Capretz
    2024 Full text

    Presentation Attack Detection (PAD) is crucial in biometric finger vein recognition. The susceptibility of these systems to forged finger vein images is a significant challenge. Existing approaches to mitigate presentation attacks have computational complexity limitations and limited data availability. This study proposed a novel method for identifying presentation attacks in finger vein biometric systems. We have used optimal Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) features with the Light-Gradient Boosting Machine (LGBM) classification model. We use statistical texture attributes namely, energy, correlation, and contrast to extract optimal features from counterfeit and authentic finger-vein images. The study investigates cluster-pixel connectivity in finger vein images. Our approach is tested using K-fold cross-validation and compared to existing methods. Results demonstrate that Light-GBM outperforms other classifiers. The proposed classifier achieved low APCER values of 2.73% and 8.80% compared to other classifiers. The use of Light-GBM in addressing presentation attacks in finger vein biometric systems is highly significant.


  • Fire evacuations of public places - theory and practise
    • Beata Świeczko-Żurek
    • Marcin Żurek
    2024

    Publikacja dotyczy ewakuacji pożarowych miejsc publicznych.


  • Fire-Retardant Flexible Foamed Polyurethane (PU)-Based Composites: Armed and Charmed Ground Tire Rubber (GTR) Particles
    • Paulina Kosmela
    • Kamila Sałasińska
    • Daria Kowalkowska-Zedler
    • Mateusz Barczewski
    • Adam Piasecki
    • Mohammad Saeb
    • Aleksander Hejna
    2024 Full text Polymers

    Inadequate fire resistance of polymers raises questions about their advanced applications. Flexible polyurethane (PU) foams have myriad applications but inherently suffer from very high flammability. Because of the dependency of the ultimate properties (mechanical and damping performance) of PU foams on their cellular structure, reinforcement of PU with additives brings about further concerns. Though they are highly flammable and known for their environmental consequences, rubber wastes are desired from a circularity standpoint, which can also improve the mechanical properties of PU foams. In this work, melamine cyanurate (MC), melamine polyphosphate (MPP), and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) are used as well-known flame retardants (FRs) to develop highly fire-retardant ground tire rubber (GTR) particles for flexible PU foams. Analysis of the burning behavior of the resulting PU/GTR composites revealed that the armed GTR particles endowed PU with reduced flammability expressed by over 30% increase in limiting oxygen index, 50% drop in peak heat release rate, as well as reduced smoke generation. The Flame Retardancy Index (FRI) was used to classify and label PU/GTR composites such that the amount of GTR was found to be more important than that of FR type. The wide range of FRI (0.94–7.56), taking Poor to Good performance labels, was indicative of the sensitivity of flame retardancy to the hybridization of FR with GTR components, a feature of practicality. The results are promising for fire protection requirements in buildings; however, the flammability reduction was achieved at the expense of mechanical and thermal insulation performance.


  • First highly effective non-catalytic nitrobenzene reduction in UV/dithionite system with aniline production – Advanced reduction process (ARP) approach
    • Łukasz Cichocki
    • Lingshuai Kong
    • Chongqing Wang
    • Andrzej Przyjazny
    • Grzegorz Boczkaj
    2024 Full text CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL

    Advanced reduction processes (ARPs) are currently intensively investigated as an alternative to Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs). The study presents efficient reduction of nitrobenzene under non-catalytic conditions through reaction with free radicals having reductive potential. Effective conversion of nitrobenzene in a model wastewater solution, was obtained for sodium dithionite (SDT)/ dithionite (DTN). The developed process provide a nitrobenzene reduction efficiency of > 99.9 % within 10 min under neutral conditions, ambient temperature, with a molar ratio of reductant to pollutant (rred) of 3. Additional UV radiation lowered by 10 % the dose of DTN. Interestingly, addition of titanium dioxide (TiO2) as a photocatalyst did not show a positive effect. An extremely significant conclusion of this study is the observed excellent resistance of the reaction system to the negative influence of inorganic anions, with a reduction in efficiency in the following order: and dissolved organic matter (DOM) . The study showed that the process works effectively across the pH range from 3 to 12. Studies on the reaction mechanism revealed that sulfur dioxide anion radical ) was responsible for the main reduction effect. The main product of nitrobenzene reduction was aniline (>99.9 %). The total cost of purification process was USD 0.77/m3. The high efficiency, short process time, low cost, and lack of need for complicated equipment make this developed process potentially widely applicable in the industry. The developed method for the reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline is the first non-catalytic method with such high efficiency and without the formation of intermediate reaction products.


  • Flap Monitoring Techniques: A Review
    • Ignacy Rogoń
    • Agnieszka Rogoń
    • Adam Kaczmarek
    • Adam Bujnowski
    • Jerzy Wtorek
    • Filip Lachowski
    • Jerzy Jankau
    2024 Full text Journal of Clinical Medicine

    Postoperative tissue flap vitality monitoring enables early detection of clinical complications, allowing for intervention. Timely re-operation can prevent the need for extensive correction procedures, thus reducing healthcare costs and hospitalisation time. Statistics show that monitoring can increase the success rate of flap survival to 95\% or higher. However, despite the significant progress in monitoring techniques, major and minor complications, leading to the loss of the flap, still occur. This clinical application review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the recent advancements and findings in flap surgery reconstructions, transplants, and systems for their postoperative assessment. Literature from the years 1925 to 2024 has been reviewed to capture previous and current solutions for monitoring flap vitality. Clinically acclaimed methods and experimental techniques were classified and reviewed from a technical and clinical standpoint. Physical examination, metabolism change, ultrasound method, and electromagnetic (EM) radiation-based measurement methods were carefully evaluated from the perspective of their considered applications. Guidelines aiding engineers in the future design and development process of monitoring systems were proposed. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the monitoring techniques used in postoperative flap vitality monitoring. It also gives an overview of each approach and potential ways for future development.


  • Flicker Noise in Resistive Gas Sensors—Measurement Setups and Applications for Enhanced Gas Sensing
    • Janusz Smulko
    • Graziella Scandurra
    • Katarzyna Drozdowska
    • Andrzej Kwiatkowski
    • Carmine Ciofi
    • He Wen
    2024 Full text SENSORS

    We discuss the implementation challenges of gas sensing systems based on low-frequency noise measurements on chemoresistive sensors. Resistance fluctuations in various gas sensing materials, in a frequency range typically up to a few kHz, can enhance gas sensing by considering its intensity and the slope of power spectral density. The issues of low-frequency noise measurements in resistive gas sensors, specifically in two-dimensional materials exhibiting gas-sensing properties, are considered. We present measurement setups and noise-processing methods for gas detection. The chemoresistive sensors show various DC resistances requiring different flicker noise measurement approaches. Separate noise measurement setups are used for resistances up to a few hundred kΩ and for resistances with much higher values. Noise measurements in highly resistive materials (e.g., MoS2, WS2, and ZrS3) are prone to external interferences but can be modulated using temperature or light irradiation for enhanced sensing. Therefore, such materials are of considerable interest for gas sensing.


  • Floodsar: Automatic mapping of river flooding extent from multitemporal SAR imagery
    • Tomasz Berezowski
    • Szymon Niemiec
    • Andrzej Chybicki
    2024 Full text SoftwareX

    Floodsar is an open-source tool for automatic mapping of the flood extent from a time series of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. Floodsar is unsupervised, however, it requires defining the parameters search space, geographical area of interest, and some river gauge observations (e.g. water levels or discharges) time series that overlap temporarily with the SAR imagery. Applications of Floodsar are mainly in real-time monitoring and elaborating long-time series of historical data. Floodsar features two algorithms for flood extent mapping. The 1D algorithm identifies a flood/no-flood threshold in one SAR polarization. The 2D algorithm performs clustering on two SAR polarizations at the same time. Floodsar chooses the optimal threshold or the composition of clusters by maximizing the correlation between the resulting flood area and the river gauge observations. Floodsar was tested on three case studies with different land uses to illustrate its performance. The 2D algorithm performed on average the best with the average kappa=0.78, yet the less complex 1D/VV algorithm obtained similar results.


  • Flow through a prosthetic mechanical aortic valve: Numerical model and experimental study
    • Marcin Nowak
    • Eduardo Divo
    • Tomasz Borkowski
    • Ewelina Marciniak
    • Marek Rojczyk
    • Ryszard Bialecki
    2024 Full text COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS

    This research presents a numerical model dedicated for virtual patient diagnostics in the field of synthetic valve implantation. The model operates based on computational fluid dynamics solver with implemented rigid body motion solver. Characteristic indicators related to the prosthetic valve were determined to assess the correctness of cardiac system operation after implantation. A novel approach for dynamic time discretization was developed for reliable and time-efficient calculation. The solver efficiency and computational savings due to application of the developed time-discretization scheme is discussed. Numerical results were validated using experimental data acquired from a test rig, including mass flow meter, pressure transducers, and valve holder designed for this purpose. Multivariant analysis of the model constant was performed towards different levels of the valve resistance to motion. The in-house algorithm was prepared to automatically determine the prosthetic valve position from fast camera images.


  • Fluctuation-Enhanced Sensing of Organic Vapors by Ink-Printed MoS2 Devices under UV Irradiation
    • Katarzyna Drozdowska
    • Janusz Smulko
    • Sergey Rumyantsev
    • Andrzej Kwiatkowski
    2024

    This work presents the results of fluctuationenhanced sensing (FES) of selected organic gases by MoS2 sensor fabricated via a simple ink printing method. We demonstrate that low-frequency noise measured under UV irradiation (275 nm) is more sensitive to different gases than measured in the dark. The noise at 1 Hz under UV light increased 3.3, 3.5, 1.6, and 2.9 times for chloroform, tetrahydrofuran, acetonitrile, and acetone ambiances, respectively. By comparing the noise spectra collected in the dark and under UV light, we report that irradiation has a visible effect on the noise in the lowest frequency range (0.125–10 Hz), changing mainly the slope of the spectra. Thus, each organic gas produces a distinct signature by affecting the noise amplitude and the shape of the spectrum. The differences in the characteristic noise features among organic vapors are ascribed to differences in their molecular configuration and polar properties.


  • Fluorescence of p-hydroxyazobenzocrowns – Tautomeric equilibrium effect
    • Paulina Szulc
    • Elżbieta Luboch
    • Andrzej Okuniewski
    • Ewa Wagner-Wysiecka
    2024 SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY

    The spectroscopic properties of a series of para-hydroxyazobenzocrowns, including three novel compounds, were investigated using UV–Vis absorption and emission spectroscopy. This study presents, for the first time, determined quantum yield (QY) values for macrocycles of this category, ranging between 0.122 and 0.195. The highest values were obtained for crowns bearing two phenyl substituents in benzene rings. The impact of aromatic ring substituents and macroring size on the spectral characterization (1H NMR and FTIR) of p-hydroxyazobenzocrowns was examined in consideration of the azophenol ⇄ quinone-hydrazone tautomeric equilibrium. Dipole moments of p-hydroxyazobenzocrowns in the ground and excited states have been determined. The alignment between experimental findings and theoretical studies was established.


  • Fluvial ecology disasters: the impact of the Gliwice Canal on the ecological crisis in the Oder River basin, Poland (2022)
    • Marek Ruman
    • Natalia Janczewska
    • Klaudia Kosek
    • Wojciech Artichowicz
    • Magdalena Nasiek
    • Magdalena Matysik
    2024 Acta Geophysica

    In August 2022, the Oder River experienced an ecological disaster, resulting in the extinction of hundreds of aquatic organ- isms. Mass fsh deaths also occurred during that time in the Gliwice Canal, located in southern Poland, which connects to the upper section of the Oder River. The aim of the article was to assess the impact of the waters from the Gliwice Canal on the water quality changes in the Oder River, as expressed by chloride, sulphate, nitrate, phosphate content, as well as its parameters such as conductivity, temperature, and pH. Statistical analyses were conducted based on our own research and a series of data collected by the Chief Inspectorate for Environmental Protection. Below the confuence of the Oder River with the waters of the canal, an increase in sulphates levels and a decrease in sodium content were observed. The other parameters remained unchanged. It was also noted that the magnitude of each parameter was signifcantly higher in the waters of the Gliwice Canal compared to the Oder River. The research conclusion is that there is no infuence of the canals’ waters on the quality of the Oder River waters, both during the ecological disaster and afterwards. The presented research clearly indicates the need for separate analyses of fowing waters (with signifcantly higher salt and other pollutant dissolution capacity) and stagnant waters in water infrastructure (without water exchange).


  • Forced Vibrations in a Dynamic System That Is Damped By a Mechanism Which Trans-Pass Through Its Singular Position
    • Krzysztof Lipiński
    2024

    The paper focuses on forced vibrations of a mechanical system. The system is composed of two structurally different parts: multibody modelled and finite elements modelled. To improve its numerical behaviour, author-proposed technique of tuning of modal properties is proposed. To combine the two sub-models, constraint equations are introduced and dynamics equations are extended with appropriate Lagrange multipliers. A slightly modified author-proposed technique of elimination of the multipliers is also presented. Assuming vibrations as undesired, effective method of energy dissipation is investigated. The present method is based on the modal disparity process. Due to specificity of configuration of the multibody part (its poses are close to its singular position), significant mathematical non-linearities are present. Physical properties of the model, and reactions to its harmonic excitation, are investigated. Calculations are performed for various sets of parameters expressing both: the model and the harmonic excitation. Efficiency of the damping method at the investigated region of the first resonance is confirmed.


  • Forecasting energy consumption and carbon dioxide emission of Vietnam by prognostic models based on explainable machine learning and time series
    • Thanh Tuan Le
    • Prabhakar Sharma
    • Sameh M. Osman
    • Marek Dzida
    • Phuoc Quy Phong Nguyen
    • Minh Ho Tran
    • Dao Nam Cao
    • Viet Dung Tran
    2024 Clean Technologies and Environmental Policy

    This study assessed the usefulness of algorithms in estimating energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in Viet- nam, in which the training dataset was used to train the models linear regression, random forest, XGBoost, and AdaBoost, allowing them to comprehend the patterns and relationships between population, GDP, and carbon dioxide emissions, energy consumption. The results revealed that random forest, XGBoost, and AdaBoost outperformed linear regression. Furthermore, for random forest, XGBoost, and AdaBoost, the coefficients of determination were higher, indicating a better fit to the data. Moreover, time series forecasting models such as autoregressive integrated moving average, seasonal autore- gressive integrated moving average, and exponential smoothing were used to predict future energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions in Vietnam. The models were trained and verified using historical data. The time series model findings showed that energy consumption rose steadily during the predicted timeframe. The autoregressive integrated moving aver- age model predicted 162258.77 ktoe of energy use by 2050, whereas the seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average and exponential smoothing modes predicted 160673.8 ktoe and 153206.44 ktoe of energy use, respectively. By 2050, the autoregressive integrated moving average model anticipated 6.51 metric tons of carbon dioxide emissions per capita, the SARIMA model 7.769 metric tons, and the exponential smoothing model 6.22 metric tons. The findings show how machine learning techniques and time series models may be used to estimate energy usage and carbon dioxide emissions in Vietnam. These insights could assist Vietnam government in making informed judgments concerning energy planning and policy development


  • Forecasting of retail prices of liquid fuels in Poland
    • Mateusz Surowiec
    • Aneta Sobiechowska-Ziegert
    2024 Catallaxy

    Motivation: In recent years, the prices of liquid fuels in Poland have been rising , negatively affecting the country’s economy and the daily life of its inhabitants. Consequently, there is a need for effective forecasting of prices in fuel markets, as this could enable entrepreneurs and consumers to make more informed decisions. Aim: The objective of the article was to forecast the retail prices of EU95 petrol and diesel fuel using causal-effect econometric models. The study uses historical data on fuel prices in Poland from 2007.Q1 to 2022.Q2 and the forecast period is to cover the next four quarters. Materials and methods: In order to identify the most significant variables influencing the retail prices of liquid fuels in Poland, the relevant literature was consulted. The final models were constructed using the ordinary least squares method and were validated through selected statistical tests. Results: Based on the constructed models, successful forecasts were made for EU95 gasoline and diesel oil. The ob-tained values were subjected to ex-post analysis, which resulted in an RMSPE of 3.15% and 4.79% respectively, indicating a positive outcome.


  • Forming Ni-Fe and Co-Fe Bimetallic Structures on SrTiO3-Based SOFC Anode Candidates
    • Kinga Kujawska
    • Wojciech Koliński
    • Beata Bochentyn
    2024 Fuels

    The aim of this work was to verify the possibility of forming Ni-Fe and Co-Fe alloys via topotactic ion exchange exsolution in Fe-infiltrated (La,Sr,Ce)0.9(Ni,Ti)O3-δ or (La,Sr,Ce)0.9(Co,Ti)O3-δ ceramics. For this purpose, samples were synthesized using the Pechini method and then infiltrated with an iron nitrate solution. The reduction process in dry H2 forced the topotactic ion exchange exsolution, leading to the formation of additional round-shape structures on the surfaces of grains. EDS scans and XRD analysis confirmed the formation of bimetallic alloys, which suggests that these materials have great potential for further use as anode materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs).


  • Four-electron correlated integrals arising in the singly-linked Hylleraas method for atomic systems
    • Tymon Kilich
    2024 Full text

    The subject of this thesis is the development and implementation of a method for the analytical calculation of the electronic integrals of the explicitly correlated functions of the atomic systems, particularly in the Hylleraas method with one odd correlation factor. In the course of the work, new theoretical methods were developed to obtain all considered the integrals as the closed-form analytic expression with elementary functions and dilogarithms. For some of the integrals, the analytic formulas had never been published before. The correctness of the derived formulae was checked by comparing the form of the expressions and values of the selected integrals with the data available in the literature. The agreement between the values obtained using the derived expressions and the data from previous studies is to 40 significant digits. The derivation of these integrals in this form represents an important step towards the applications of the Hylleraas method in the accurate calculations of atomic and molecular systems with more than a few electrons.


  • Fractional Spectral and Fractional Finite Element Methods: A Comprehensive Review and Future Prospects
    • Muhammad Bilal Hafeez
    • Marek Krawczuk
    2024 ARCHIVES OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN ENGINEERING

    In this article, we will discuss the applications of the Spectral element method (SEM) and Finite element Method (FEM) for fractional calculusThe so-called fractional Spectral element method (f-SEM) and fractional Finite element method (f-FEM) are crucial in various branches of science and play a significant role. In this review, we discuss the advantages and adaptability of FEM and SEM, which provide the simulations of fractional derivatives and integrals and are, therefore, appropriate for a broad range of applications in engineering, biology, and physics. We emphasize that they can be used to simulate a wide range of real-world phenomena because they can handle fractional differential equations that are both linear and nonlinear. Although many researchers have already discussed applications of FEM in a variety of fractional differential equations (FDEs) and delivered very significant results, in this review article, we aspire to enclose fundamental to advanced articles in this field which will guide the researchers through recent achievements and advancements for the further studies.


  • Fracture prediction in flat PMMA notched specimens under tension - effectiveness of the equivalent material concept and fictitious material concept
    • Elżbieta Bura
    • A.r. Torabi
    • Andrzej Seweryn
    2024 Full text THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS

    The fracture of notched elements under mode I loading (tension) remains an inexhaustible research topic, especially when it comes to the fracture of thermoplastic materials such as polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which experience considerable plastic strains under tension. The paper points out that traditional brittle fracture criteria such as mean stress (MS) or maximum tangential stress (MTS) criteria used to predict this phenomenon do not accurately indicate the value of the critical load. They work much better when combined with the equivalent material concept (EMC) and fictitious material concept (FMC). The effectiveness of both concepts depends on the size of the notch root radius, and thus on the yield zone size.


  • Fracture surface topography measurements analysis of low-alloyed corrosion resistant steel after bending-torsion fatigue tests
    • Przemysław Podulka
    • Wojciech Macek
    • Beata Zima
    • Mateusz Kopec
    • Ricardo Branco
    • Henryk Achtelik
    2024 PRECISION ENGINEERING-JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR PRECISIONENGINEERING AND NANOTECHNOLOGY

    In this paper, an assessment of a topography measurement method for fracture surfaces of 10HNAP steel after bending-torsion fatigue tests was performed. Surface roughness was measured by using a non-contact Focus Variation Microscopy (FVM) technique in which the non-measured points (NMPs) and outliers (spikes) were removed by the application of general methods. The results revealed, that the optical measurement method introduced variations in the high-frequency errors, considered as noise within the selected bandwidth. Therefore, the minimization of the high-frequency noise (HFN) was proposed based on an extensive examination of ISO 25178 roughness parameters. Additionally, a general S-filter was applied, as recommended by international standards and commercial software. It was used to identify and remove noise from the measured data after pre-processing. Consequently, levelling and eliminating of NMPs and spikes was successfully performed. Subsequently, the results obtained by using various filters were compared to further assess the impact of different filtration bandwidths. Finally, the proposed procedure was validated by implementing different general functions, such as autocorrelation (ACF), power spectral densities (PSD), and texture direction (TD). It was concluded, that coupled characteristics, including profile and areal measurements, should be studied simultaneously since they are necessary to analyze the fracture surfaces comprehensively.


  • Fracture susceptibility of high RAP content asphalt concrete in terms of aging
    • Cezary Szydłowski
    2024

    Due to the reduction of CO2 emissions during the production of asphalt mixtures and the decrease in the demand for mineral resources, the addition of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) is becoming indispensable. The durability of asphalt pavements containing a high RAP content may be reduced due to a decrease in the cracking resistance of the material, especially under the influence of operational aging. The article presents the results of tests and analysis of fracture susceptibility of asphalt concretes with the addition of RAP (binder replacement ratio BR = 0.2 and 0.4), considering long-term aging. Asphalt mixtures were evaluated based on the semi-circular bending (SCB) test at intermediate temperature. It can be concluded that the addition of RAP with BR = 0.2 causes a decrease in fracture resistance comparable to that of the mixture without RAP but after long-term aging. The addition of RAP reduces the Flexibility Index (FI) by approximately 40% for short-term aging and 30% for long-term aging.