2019 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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The protocol for using elastic wall model in modeling blood flow within human artery
- Marcin Nowak
- Bartłomiej Melka
- Marek Rojczyk
- Maria Gracka
- Andrzej J. Nowak
- Adam Golda
- Wojciech P. Adamczyk
- Benjamin Isaac
- Ryszard A. Białecki
- Ziemowit Ostrowski
2019 EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MECHANICS B-FLUIDS
Medical diagnostic tools will play a major role in the future for an effective patient treatment and reduction their mortality, related to the cardiovascular system diseases (CVDs). There is an urgent need for developing diagnostic procedure to be robust, reliable, accurate and efficient, in the framework of a paradigm shift. Application of numerical techniques is seen as a perspective tool for such purpose. Nevertheless, existing models need constant improvement in development robust, multi-scale models. This paper elaborates on the development of numerical model for modeling blood flow in the aorta section. The deformation of the blood vessel was modeled as two-way fluid–structure interaction (FSI) using ANSYS package. Numerical results have shown that the developed model predicts deformations of the vessels and describes their impact on the pressure, pressure drop and wall shear stresses distributions. Differences between rigid and deformed walls were checked based on pressure drop value. For movable walls, these values were higher both for systole and diastole, which is caused by the local wall compression during aforementioned moments of the cycle. The significant backflow observed during the heart cycle is connected with the deformed walls resulting in temporal blood accumulation. The maximum total deformation of the vessel walls achieved 2.35 mm, and the difference between the maximum and minimum blood volume was equal 5.2%.
The relationship between phytochemical composition and biological activities of differently pigmented varieties of berry fruits; Comparison between embedded in food matrix and isolated anthocyanins.
- Izabela Koss-Mikołajczyk
- Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
2019 Pełny tekst Foods
The aim of this research was to correlate the composition of phenolic compounds and bioactivities (antioxidant, cytotoxic, antigenotoxic, and influence on selected enzymatic activities) exhibited by extracts from differently pigmented raspberry (yellow and red), grape (white and red), mulberry (white and black), and currant (white, red, and black) varieties. It was presumed that phytocomplexes of the same species will be similar while differing significantly only by the content of anthocyanins in colored varieties, which will impact biological properties. Additionally, to compare food matrix embedded and isolated anthocyanins, the influence of purified solution, in concentrations matching the total concentration of anthocyanins in appropriate colored plant samples, on investigated biological activities was studied. The phenolic compound composition and antioxidant profiles showed that anthocyanin content was correlated only with antioxidant capacity of tested plant extracts. The other determined biological activities failed to reveal any simple relationship between chemopreventive potential and anthocyanin composition in fruits studied nor any similarity to biological properties of isolated cyanidin-3-O-glucoside. These observations indirectly support the food synergy concept, that points to interactions between different phytochemicals as a factor deciding about the final bioactivity of edible plants.
The resilient city in architectural engineering education: a joint design studio between Gdańsk and Chalmers universities of technology
- Magdalena Rembeza
- Dorota Dominika Kamrowska-Załuska
2019 Pełny tekst World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education
Challenges to society, such as those posed by climate change require a new approach to the education of the engineer-architect. Contemporary solutions should serve future generations and that is why the idea of the resilient city should be discussed and implemented, both in theory and in practice. It is necessary to teach students to design urban structures in such a way that they are resilient to dynamically changing conditions. In this article, the authors have presented a new teaching model based on international co-operation: a joint design studio. In presenting opportunities, the authors have also identified challenges of this new approach based on their experience over three years of co-operation between Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), in Gdańsk, Poland and Chalmers University of Technology (CUT), in Göteborg, Sweden. This teaching format could be a valuable instrument in the education of future engineers-architects. If properly implemented, it could also be beneficial for cities during the participatory design process.
The Role of Electron Transfer in the Fragmentation of Phenyl and Cyclohexyl Boronic Acids
- Ana Lozano
- Beatriz Pamplona
- Tymon Kilich
- Marta Łabuda
- Mónica Mendes
- João Pereira-da-Silva
- Gustavo García
- Pedro Gois
- Filipe Ferreira Da Silva
- Paulo Limão-Vieira
2019 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
In this study, novel measurements of negative ion formation in neutral potassium-neutral boronic acid collisions are reported in electron transfer experiments. The fragmentation pattern of phenylboronic acid is comprehensively investigated for a wide range of collision energies, i.e., from 10 to 1000 eV in the laboratory frame, allowing some of the most relevant dissociation channels to be probed. These studies were performed in a crossed molecular beam set up using a potassium atom as an electron donor. The negative ions formed in the collision region were mass analysed with a reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometer. In the unimolecular decomposition of the temporary negative ion, the two most relevant yields were assigned to BO− and BO2−. Moreover, the collision-induced reaction was shown to be selective, i.e., at energies below 100 eV, it mostly formed BO−, while at energies above 100 eV, it mostly formed BO2−. In order to further our knowledge on the complex internal reaction mechanisms underlying the influence of the hybridization state of the boron atom, cyclohexylboronic acid was also investigated in the same collision energy range, where the main dissociation channel yielded BO2−. The experimental results for phenyl boronic acid are supported by ab initio theoretical calculations of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) accessed in the collision process.
The role of stakeholders on rejection of bankruptcy applications in the case of “poverty” of the estate: A Polish case study
- Błażej Prusak
- Sylwia Morawska
- Joanna Kuczewska
- Przemysław Banasik
2019 International Insolvency Review
The aim of this article is to supplement the Law and Economics area of science with regard to the scope of the ex ante effectiveness of bankruptcy law using the example of Poland. Bankruptcy law is effective in the ex ante stage when it eliminates from the market insolvent entrepreneurs who cannot even afford to cover the costs of bankruptcy proceedings. In these cases, the bankruptcy court should dismiss the petition for bankruptcy because of “poverty” of the insolvent estate. As a result, the insolvent debtor should be liquidated and deleted from the register of companies. This paper investigates entities whose bankruptcy petition has been rejected due to “poverty” of the insolvent estate. The study shows that, after the filing has been dismissed, the majority of these entities are not liquidated. To determine who is responsible for this state of affairs, the article identifies the stakeholders at the time that applications are filed for bankruptcy proceedings and also after the bankruptcy petition has been rejected. The article highlights stakeholders' diverging interests, strengths, and weaknesses to assess their potential impact on bankruptcy procedures that should be dismissed due to “poverty” of the insolvent estate.
The saga of a fish: from a survival guide to closing lemmas
- Sergey Kryzhevich
- Eugene Stepanov
2019 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
In the paper by D. Burago, S. Ivanov and A. Novikov, “A survival guide for feeble fish”, it has been shown that a fish with limited velocity can reach any point in the (possibly unbounded) ocean provided that the fluid velocity field is incompressible, bounded and has vanishing mean drift. This result extends some known global controllability theorems though being substantially nonconstructive. We give a fish a different recipe of how to survive in a turbulent ocean, and show its relationship to structural stability of dynamical systems by providing a constructive way to change slightly the velocity field to produce conservative (in the sense of not having wandering sets of positive measure) dynamics. In particular, this leads to the extension of C. Pugh’s closing lemma to incompressible vector fields over unbounded domains. The results are based on an extension of the Poincaré recurrence theorem to some σ -finite measures and on specially constructed Newtonian potentials.
The significance of institutions' potential to increase Youth civic participation – case study of the South Baltic Youth Core Groups Network Project
- Izabela Borucińska
2019 Pełny tekst Regional Formation and Development Studies
Young people are a very important group of modern societies, they will replace the currently ruling generation and will shape our common future. Due to that, young people have become the relevant target of national and international policy and science researches. Youth civic participation is a key aspect of the development of a society and should be shaped by effective youth policy at the national and international levels. This paper is an attempt of determining the capacity of public institutions and non-government organizations to develop youth civic participation in the context of the Euro-pean Union youth policy. It reveals the importance of various elements of the potential of institutions’ environment in increasing civic participation of young people on the example of the South Baltic Youth Core Groups Network project which is implemented within the South Baltic Program 2014–2020. The project’s partnership is represented by entities from Denmark, Lithuania, Poland, and Sweden in which the quantitative research was carried out on civic participation of young people aged 14–24. The initial survey results have allowed confirming the hypothesis: the potential of the institutional environment of youth is not fully exploited in the process of increasing civic participation of young people in municipalities involved in the South Baltic Youth Core Groups Network Project. The research has revealed the strengths and weaknesses and barriers and opportunities of public institutions and non-government organizations to enhance youth civic participation in project partner countries
The significance of proximity in cluster initiatives
- Anna Lis
2019 Pełny tekst Competitiveness Review
Purpose – The main aim of this paper is to analyse relations between geographical and competence proximity and development of cooperation in cluster initiatives. Design/methodology/approach – The research was based on an original theoretical concept referring to the trajectory of development of cooperative relations in cluster initiatives. The research was carried out in mid-2017, in four purposefully selected clusterinitiatives. The research sample was 132 cluster enterprises. The main research strategy involved non-experimental models; the basic method of data collection was an online questionnaire. Findings – The results indicated that the role of geographical and competence proximity depends on the level of cooperation in a cluster initiative. In both these dimensions, proximity was important during the initial stage of cluster development: to start cooperation between the members, however, when more mature forms of cooperation were undertaken, the factor of common location was not so crucial any longer. It was also recommended to maintain some competence distance between the partners. Research limitations/implications – The main limitations referred to the static character of the data, the use of original measurement tools which had not been tested before, the small and little differentiated research sample and the subjective nature of the research. The above-mentioned limitations should be viewed as a starting point for further empirical research. Practical implications – Knowledge on the significance of geographical and competence proximity at various levels of cooperation in clusters is valuable for efficient management of a cluster and for higher competitiveness that it can achieve. Originality/value – The research study contributes to literature which refers to the question of proximity in clusters through the analysis of relations between geographical and competence proximity and development of cooperation in cluster initiatives. The results of the research point out that the role of geographical and competence proximity evolves with development of cooperation in cluster initiatives.
The smartest location for an eco-district– investigation of urban spatial energy efficiency
- Julia Kurek
- Justyna Martyniuk-Pęczek
2019
ncreasing awareness concerning environmental aspects of spatial and architectural planning led to more deliberated projects of eco-districts. Located all over the world and constantly being improved, apart from excellent energetical parameters, most of them have one specific characteristic in common, which is location in the outskirts. The aim of this article was to understand the importance of ecological district location depending on the distance from the city center and spatial energy efficiency parameters. For this purpose, the method of spatial analyses and settlements energy efficiency calculations were conducted. Five characteristic areas of the city were chosen for tests within the agglomeration of Polish Tricity, depending on the centrality level. In each of the areas, the same experimental ecological building complex was placed for the needs of research. As a result, following parameters of spatial energy efficiency were obtained for each location: total energy demand, carbon dioxide lifecycle emissions and ecological footprint. The outcomes were juxtaposed and performed in comparative analysis. This research approach respected both energy performance of single buildings and factors related to electricity, municipal services and infrastructure along with inhabitants’ mobility. The results from this study indicated that the location of ecological building complexes-often largely selfsufficient, is of such a considerable significance. The research supports the thesis that there is an importance of existing transport, municipal infrastructure, services and related aspects dependent on the location. © GSTF 2019.
The Spatial Structure of Suburban Zones in Selected Entrepreneurship Nets of the Tricity Metropolitan Area
- Justyna Martyniuk-Pęczek
- Grzegorz Pęczek
2019
The chapter describes spatial structures and forms of Polish suburban zones shown on the example of two selected towns in the Trojmiasto Metropolitan Area (TMA). The description of the spatial characteristics in the urban sprawl, with focus on the entrepreneurships nests is illustrated by the choice of typological features, such as: form, land use, density. Suburbanisation is described to be global, however one can observe individual characteristics of the spatial structure of suburban areas, depending on country and region. As widely discussed, urban sprawl has a range of negative consequences. There are several known approaches to the urban sprawl description, based on the form, land use and density. There are also publications regarding its relation to the environment impact, social aspects and regional development. However, there are very few publications on the topic regarding countries, who have undergone substantial political, economic and social transformations in the last 25 years. The previous research by the Authors shows, that the Polish dimension of suburbanization has a unique quality connected to the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) activity. The paper takes into consideration impact of this quality on the processes on suburbanization with special focus on the urban form of the suburban areas. The choice of the towns and places for the spatial structure analysis follows the previously done identification of the entrepreneurships nests. Conclusions refer to the qualitative studies conducted by the questionnaire with the entrepreneurs in the selected areas. This paper is written within project UMO-2013/09/B/HS4/01175 financed by The National Science Centre in Poland.
The statistical impact of experimental result scatter of asphalt mixtures on their numerical modelling
- Cezary Szydłowski
- Jarosław Górski
- Marcin Stienss
- Łukasz Smakosz
2019 Pełny tekst MATEC Web of Conferences
The paper presents selected test results of asphalt mixture conducted in low temperatures. The obtained parameters are highly diverse. It concerns ultimate breaking loads, stiffness parameters related to Young's modulus but also the fracture course. Statistical analysis upon the results makes it possible to relevantly estimate the material-defining parameter values. Such a random approach leads to the mean values of breaking and fracture-triggering loads, dealing with their dispersion too. The estimated parameters allow to form appropriate numerical models of asphalt mixture specimens. This type of analysis supports the laboratory tests. The paper presents the authors' simplified model considering non-uniform material features. The results reflect the scatter of real laboratory test outcomes. In order to do so an algorithm to calibrate the numerical model parameters was created.
The study of Arduino Uno feasibility for DAQ purposes
- Robert Barański
- Marek Galewski
- Szymon Nitkiewicz
2019 Pełny tekst Diagnostyka
Using microcontroller systems becomes a routine in various measurement and control tasks. Their wide availability together with a huge potential of extending their functionality by additional modules allows developing advanced measuring and monitoring systems by non-specialists. However, using popular example codes often leads the user to pass over or not to be aware of the limitations of the system and drawing too far-reaching conclusions on the basis of incorrectly performed measurements This paper deals with the problem of choosing the right method for performing measurements using an acquisition system based on the budget Arduino UNO solution. The main assumption was to use the standard, widely available Arduino libraries. The work focuses on the scenario when data should be subject to time and frequency analysis in the later processing. The operating limits of the device were also determined depending on the data transmission method used.
The system for remote monitoring of a vertical axis wind farm
- Grzegorz Kostro
- Filip Kutt
- Michał Michna
- Roland Ryndzionek
- Łukasz Sienkiewicz
2019 Pełny tekst
The article presents a system for remote monitoring of working parameters of a wind turbine with a vertical axis. The monitoring system was built using a Raspberry PI 3 microcomputer with the Raspbian operating system and a MicroDAQ E2000 measuring card. The developed system enables monitoring the power output of the generator, torque on the turbine shaft, turbine speed and wind speed. The values of the monitored parameters are saved in the internal memory of the measuring device. By using a microcomputer, it is possible to view and share measurement results remotely
The Taste of Waste: The Edge of Eggshell Over Calcium Carbonate in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber
- Eshwaran Subramani Bhagavatheswaran
- Amit Das
- Hadi Rastin
- Hoda Saeidi
- Seyed Hassan Jafari
- Henri Vahabi
- Hossein Khonakdar
- Krzysztof Formela
- Maryam Jouyandeh
- Payam Zarrintaj
- Mohammad Saeb
2019 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
Rubber technology experiences a new age by the use of biowaste or natural fillers. In this regard, taking properties of reinforcing agents from biowaste fillers remains as the challenging matter. Chicken eggshell (ES) biowaste has recently been introduced to substitute calcium carbonate (CaCO3) duo to its superior properties and low price. In this work, composites based on acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) reinforced with ES and CaCO3 microfillers at various loading levels were prepared and characterized. To improve the interactions between fillers and the NBR matrix, ES and CaCO3 were surface-functionalized using a terpolymer, namely poly(vinyl 2-pyrrolidone-co-maleic acid-co-acrylic acid). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the modified fillers. The incorporation of the functionalized fillers resulted in a significant rise in the maximum torque according to the rheometric measurements. The Young’s modulus of the ES-based and CaCO3-based compounds showed a mild improvement over a wide range of filler contents. The elongation at break of the NBR composites, however, was dependent on the filler content. This work provides exciting opportunities for the design of novel and innovative coupling agents to be used in rubber applications.
The Technological Advancement of New Products, Product Newness and Market Information
- Dariusz Dąbrowski
2019 Pełny tekst E+M Ekonomie a Management
The purpose of this study is to propose product newness and obtaining market information as mediators of the relationship between the technological advancement of a new product and its commercial success. So far, little is known about the mediators of this relationship but knowledge about the factors that strengthen or weaken it is valid, both for the theory and practice of new product management. On the one hand, product newness – those elements that constitute its novelty to the company and to the market – is hypothesized as a factor that weakens the relationship while, on the other hand, obtaining market information – information gathered from customers, competitors and other sources – is expected to strengthen it. This research is based on data regarding 287 new products developed by Polish high-tech and medium high-tech companies. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling were applied to test the parallel multiple mediator model. The results of this research show that the positive effect of the technological advancement of a new product on its commercial performance is mediated, on the one hand, negatively by product newness to the company and, on the other hand, positively by gathering market information from customers. Neither product newness to the market nor obtaining market information from competitors or from other entities cause any indirect effects. While developing technologically advanced products, it is recommend to train new product development staff in ways of dealing with new tasks and situations that arise during such developments, and also to focus more on gathering market information from customers than from competitors or other entities because this will positively influence the new products’ success.
The thermal effort during marine steam turbine flooding with water
- Mateusz Bryk
- Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Paweł Ziółkowski
- Janusz Badur
2019 Pełny tekst AIP Conference Proceedings
The work discussed an extreme case of cooling a steam turbine. The ship's steam turbine was used as an example. In marine transport units with low-speed engines dominate, however, there are also units with steam turbines. An example of analysed marine steam turbine is shown in Fig. 1. When considering the issue of cooling steam turbines, it is necessary to estimate the extreme conditions that may occur during operation of the turbine. For this reason, the paper presents the results of the Thermal-FSI analysis of flooding a marine steam turbine with water. The temperature distributions and the corresponding stress fields were determined, which provided information on the effects of flooding the steam turbine with water. New technologies and theoretical examples force a new approach to considered complex flow-strength issues. One of the solutions are calculations that combine liquid and solid, so-called Thermal-FSI (Thermal Fluid-Structure-Interaction). During flow calculations, individual calculated time sub-periods are exported to a solid state solver. Then the problem of the solid body is solved, which results in stresses and deformations. Deformations of geometry result in the subsequent digitization of the geometry. The new grid is passed to the fluid solver in which the next time-stepping is calculated. The operation sequence is repeated until the end of the calculation time.
‘The Urban Walk Architecture Talk’— Bridging Socially Engaged Art, Urban Processes and Cultural Development
- Justyna Borucka
- Marta Wróblewska
2019
“Urban Walk—Architecture Talk” is a project based on an elective seminar under the same title organized at the Faculty of Architecture of Gdańsk University of Technology. It aims at getting familiar with the topic of multi-layer and multi-sensory reception of public space, mainly by recognizing the needs of its users. Additionally, it deals with the consequences of such perception and the use of space in order to build more complete architectural design and urban concepts. It also fosters the awareness of the need to design public and built space as an integral and continuous part of the urban environment, including special places of interest. It elaborates on public space and its transformation and revitalization along the course of both social participation as well as art action in such a space. The project was implemented within the “People’s Smart Sculpture” context, comprising a series of workshops, meetings, lectures, discussions and study visits, conducted by three partner institutions: Gdańsk City Gallery, Faculty of Architecture at Gdańsk University of Technology and Department of Civil, Constructional and Environmental Engineering, DICEA, at Sapienza University of Rome. The main goal was to re(discover) and exchange experiences between two cities—Gdańsk and Rome—using city walking tours towards community-based city building in order to achieve it. The expertise gained and the exchange of best practice have served as a departing point for much complicated discussions about the transformations of the city’s public space with the active involvement of art and culture. The research period in both cities was concluded by events in public space, welcoming broad public participation. In Gdańsk, the final event was entitled “Crossing the bridges—Gdańsk Osiek”. The actions were directly linked with the international concept of the Jane’s Walk and were accompanied by various special events, like urban walk, art installations in public space, cultural picnic, workshops, concerts and more.
The Use of Artificial Neural Networks and Decision Trees to Predict the Degree of Odor Nuisance of Post-Digestion Sludge in the Sewage Treatment Plant Process
- Hubert Byliński
- Andrzej Sobecki
- Jacek Gębicki
2019 Pełny tekst Sustainability
This paper presents the application of artificial neural networks and decision trees for the prediction of odor properties of post-fermentation sludge from a biological-mechanical wastewater treatment plant. The input parameters were concentrations of popular compounds present in the sludge, such as toluene, p-xylene, and p-cresol, and process parameters including the concentration of volatile fatty acids, pH, and alkalinity in the fermentation sludge. The analyses revealed that the implementation of artificial neural networks allowed the prediction of the values of odor intensity and the hedonic tone of the post-fermentation sludge at the level of 30% mean absolute percentage error. Application of the decision tree made it possible to determine what input parameters the fermentation feed should have in order to arrive at the post-fermentation sludge with an odor intensity <2 and hedonic tone >-1. It was shown that the aforementioned phenomenon was influenced by the following factors: concentration of p-xylene, pH, concentration of volatile fatty acids, and concentration of p-cresol.
The Use of Information and Communication Technologies in Cluster Organizations
- Anna Lis
- Adrian Lis
2019
The purpose of the paper is to explore how cluster organizations (COs) take advantage of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT). The paper addresses the research question: “How do cluster organizations take advantage of ICT in fulfilling their main roles?”. The research was carried out in the first half of 2016 in four purposefully selected cluster organizations. The main research strategy involved Grounded Theory; the basic method of data collection was an in-depth individual interview. The research sample comprised 30 cluster entities – members of four cluster organizations representing metal and ICT industry. The research has shown that Information and Communication Technologies are an important tool in the development of cooperation in cluster organizations. Nevertheless, it has been observed that ICT play a slightly different role at each level of a CO’s development. The research was based on an original theoretical concept referring to the trajectory of the development of cooperative relationships in cluster organizations. Four levels have been distinguished in the development of COs. At each level, cluster organizations play one of three identified roles: a Direct resource supplier (providing access to resources), a Broker (facilitating a resource exchanges) and an Integrator (integrating in different dimensions). The specific nature of each level of cooperation determines the type of information technology used. The research study contributes to the literature which refers to the question of face-to-face contacts established in geographical proximity versus the ones set up by using Information and Communication Technologies in COs. It was noticed that, even though information technologies play a significant role in the functioning of cluster organizations, they cannot replace face-to-face contacts. They can only be their important complement at every level of CO development. There are also some limitations connected with the qualitative approach, which does not allow the authors to generalize the findings. The first limitation is the small research sample. The second limitation is the subjectivity characterizing qualitative research, mainly due to the applied techniques of data collection and analysis.
The Use of Unmanned Surface Vessels in Bathymetric Measurements of Waterbodies with Highly Dynamic Seafloor Relief
- Mariusz Specht
- Cezary Specht
- Henryk Lasota
- Piotr Cywiński
2019
The early 21st century is a time when unmanned surface vessels (USV) are used in various measurement applications. Modern autonomous and unmanned vessels are increasingly often used in bathymetric measurements whose aim is to measure the seafloor with the sufficient positioning accuracy. Therefore, the use of USVs in hydrography can be seen as the beginning of a new era in this regard. This paper presents bathymetric measurements with the use of an unmanned surface vessel in waterbodies of the Republic of Poland with highly dynamic seafloor relief (river mouth and approach to harbour). Moreover, digital terrain models (DTM) and bathymetric charts were developed with data recorded in the measurements in the waterbodies. The advantages and disadvantages of USV use in bathymetric measurements of waterbodies with highly dynamic hydromorphological changes were indicated.