2019 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Urban lighting masterplan – origins, definitions, methodologies and collaborations
- Karolina Zielińska-Dąbkowska
2019
Awareness of the significance and benefits of properly designed urban lighting masterplans has been growing since the early 21 st century. There are many factors driving this notable change, such as developments in lighting technology, energy conservation, city branding design and economics, environmental impacts, human health and wellbeing, and people-oriented sociological aspects. As the profession of ‘independent urban lighting designer’ is relatively new and still not fully recognised in certain parts of the world, it is essential to establish clear definitions relating to urban lighting masterplans that describe their nature, scope and meaning. In this chapter, with the help of graphics and diagrams, all the necessary steps in the design process and the methodologies used will be introduced. This will make it easier to inform clients, urban planners and other designers about the established approach, and facilitate sharing the work of projects and continuing professional development by disseminating existing research and practical knowledge in this new field. However, none of the above can be achieved if there is no proper process of collaboration in place between stakeholders and no common aim to create a magnificent piece of the city for its users to gather in. Collaboration is necessary in order to achieve creative results as well as to help generate appropriate, original lighting solutions for urban areas outside daylight hours. The intention of this chapter is that more and more city representatives, developers, urban planners/designers, architects, engineers and other members of the design team responsible for designing city lighting will understand that creating appropriate night-time illumination is a complex task, bringing with it enormous environmental and social responsibility. In order to come up with an approach that can minimise any negative issues and take into consideration all aspects of this multifaceted branch of design, cities must devise and fully implement urban lighting masterplans.
Use of a Least Squares with Conditional Equations Method in Positioning a Tramway Track in the Gdansk Agglomeration
- Krzysztof Czaplewski
- Cezary Specht
- Paweł Dąbrowski
- Mariusz Specht
- Zbigniew Wiśniewski
- Władysław Koc
- Andrzej Wilk
- Krzysztof Karwowski
- Piotr Chrostowski
- Jacek Szmagliński
2019 Pełny tekst TransNav - The International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Satellite measurement techniques have been used for many years in different types of human activity, including work related to staking out and making use of rail infrastructure. First and foremost, satellite techniques are applied to determine the tramway track course and to analyse the changes of its position during its operation. This paper proposes using the least squares with conditional equations method, known in geodesy (LSce). When applied, this method will allow for improvement of the final determination accuracy. This paper presents a simplified solution to the LSce alignment problem. The simplification involves replacement of the parameter binding equations with equivalent observational equations with properly selected weights. The results obtained with such a solution were demonstrated with a randomly selected section of a tramway track in Gdańsk. The article presents the theoretical foundations of the test method, the experiment organisation and the results obtained with MathCad Prime 3.0 software. It also presents the outcome of a study associated with the execution of the project No POIR.04.01.01-00-0017/17 entitled “Developing an innovative method of precision determination of a rail vehicle trajectory” executed by a consortium of the Gdańsk University of Technology and Gdynia Maritime University.
Use of Data from Satellite Navigation System in Operational and Strategic Management of Transport in Cities
- Jacek Oskarbski
- Krystian Birr
- Karol Żarski
2019 Pełny tekst Journal of KONBiN
The article presents the possibilities of using data from the Global Positioning System for the development of traffic models and examples of use this data in the transport management. Traffic models are useful tools in planning and evaluation of transport solutions, but also can be used for current, operational transport management.
Use of ICT infrastructure for teaching HPC
- Paweł Czarnul
- Mariusz Matuszek
2019
In this paper we look at modern ICT infrastructure as well as curriculum used for conducting a contemporary course on high performance computing taught over several years at the Faculty of Electronics Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Poland. We describe the infrastructure in the context of teaching parallel programming at the cluster level using MPI, node level using OpenMP and CUDA. We present the curriculum concerning theory and practice as well as we look at the last eight years of students' performance data gathered while teaching the course. We investigate important components and features of the hardware and software needed for conducting a modern set of exercises, along with changes adopted throughout the last years and experiences gained regarding lectures and laboratories.
Using Evidence-based Arguments to Support Dependability Assurance-Experiences and Challenges
- Janusz Górski
2019 Pełny tekst Ada User Journal
The article introduces to the problem of evidence-based arguments and their applications. Then, based on the experiences collected during commercial deployment of a concrete solution to this problem (system NOR-STA) we overview selected challenges and the ways of addressing them
Using Eye-tracking to get information on the skills acquisition by the radiology residents
- Tomasz Kocejko
- Artur Poliński
- Adam Bujnowski
- Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Jacek Rumiński
- Antoni Nowakowski
- Jerzy Wtorek
- Tomasz Gorycki
2019
This paper describes the possibility of monitoring the progress of knowledge and skills acquisition by the students of radiology. It is achieved by an analysis of a visual attention distribution patterns during image-based tasks solving. The concept is to use the eye-tracking data to recognize the way how the radiographic images are read by recognized experts, radiography residents involved in the training program, and untrained users who graduated from biomedical engineering. The results of research presented in this paper support the usefulness of earlier elaborated eye metrics, Visual Attention Time Product VATP, for skills measurement when using Electronic Medical Record for CT images evaluation. Moreover, it appears that it is possible to differentiate the level of residents skills in radiology structures recognition. Presented methodology can also be utilized in other areas where operator performs image related tasks.
Usuwanie zanieczyszczeń i stabilizacja osadów ściekowych w systemach trzcinowych
- Katarzyna Kołecka
2019
Przez wiele lat w Polsce dominującym sposobem zagospodarowania osadów ściekowych z małych oczyszczalni ścieków było ich składowanie na składowiskach odpadów. Jednak od 1 stycznia 2016 roku składowanie odpadów o cieple spalania powyżej 6 MJ/kg suchej masy jest zakazane. Dla małych i średnich oczyszczalni ścieków ciekawą alternatywą może być metoda wykorzystująca systemy trzcinowe do jednoczesnego odwadniania i stabilizacji osadów. Metoda ta jest powszechnie znana i wykorzystywana w wielu krajach europejskich. Systemy trzcinowe eliminują główne problemy, które występują podczas mechanicznego odwadniania. Przede wszystkim nie wymagają drogich urządzeń do odwadniania. Eliminują również robociznę związaną z procesem mechanicznego odwadniania oraz konieczność stosowania drogich polielektrolitów. Istotnie też zmniejszają uciążliwości związane z magazynowaniem odwodnionych osadów, ich zagniwaniem oraz koniecznością stosowania wielokrotnie w ciągu roku. Systemy trzcinowe są przede wszystkim łatwe w obsłudze oraz charakteryzują się niskimi kosztami eksploatacyjnymi. Metoda ta daje możliwość dostosowania jej do lokalnych warunków terenowych, a naturalne walory umożliwiają łatwe wkomponowanie w istniejący krajobraz. Procesy odwadniania i stabilizacji w systemach trzcinowych zachodzą podobnie jak w warunkach naturalnych, a działanie metody związane jest z symulacją procesów zachodzących w ekosystemach bagiennych. W celu szerszego stosowania metody trzcinowej do zintegrowanego odwadniania i stabilizacji konieczne są kompleksowe badanie systemów obejmujące, zarówno jakość zakumulowanych osadów ściekowych, jak i generowanych odcieków. Ważne jest również poznanie zachodzących w systemach trzcinowych procesów. Z tego względu poszukiwane są nowe narzędzia, które byłyby pomocne w ich określaniu.
Utilization of a Non-Linear Error Function in a Positioning Algorithm for Distance Measurement Systems Designed for Indoor Environments
- Agnieszka Czapiewska
2019 Pełny tekst Journal of Sensor and Actuator Networks
A new positioning algorithm for distance measurement systems is outlined herein. This algorithm utilizes a non-linear error function which allows us to improve the positioning accuracy in highly difficult indoor environments. The non-linear error function also allows us to adjust the performance of the algorithm to the particular environmental conditions. The well-known positioning algorithms have limitations, mentioned by their authors, which make them unsuitable for positioning in an indoor environment. In this article, there is a brief discussion about the most popular positioning algorithms with consideration of the indoor environment. The new positioning algorithm is described in detail and a comparative performance analysis of the well-known algorithms and the proposed one is conducted. Those research results are achieved with the utilization of real distance measurement data, collected inside a few different buildings, and they show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the Chan and Foy algorithms in indoor environments. In this article the Automatic Person Localization System (SALOn) is also presented, which was utilized to collect measurement data.
Utilization of shale cuttings in production of lightweight aggregates
- Katarzyna Piszcz-Karaś
- Marek Klein
- Jan Hupka
- Justyna Łuczak
2019 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
The development of technologies for unconventional hydrocarbon exploration requires designing procedures to manage drilling waste that are consistent with the waste management hierarchy. In view of this, the possibility to apply shale drill cuttings as a prospective additive (replacing bentonite) to fly ash used for the production of lightweight aggregates (LWAs) was investigated. Moreover, a facile, waste-free method of LWAs production with using shales was proposed. Cuttings were characterized in terms of their mineralogical and elemental composition (XRD and XRF) as well as thermophysical behavior (TG–DTA and fusibility test). The sintered product, in turn, was assessed taking into account its structure, physicochemical and mechanical properties. It was found that the composition of the shale drill cuttings meets the conditions required for the bloating (as expressed by the SiO2/ΣFlux and Al2O3/SiO2 ratios) and binding processes (Al2O3 content), essential for the aggregates production. In comparison to bentonite, shales provided an additional source of kaolinite, which thermal transformation to mullite is crucial for the formation of mechanically durable structure of the aggregate. Moreover, the bulk density of the sintered product was found to be less than 1200 kg/m3, and the dry particle density below 2000 kg/m3, confirming that the obtained porous material belong to lightweight aggregates with accordance to European standard (UNE-EN-13055-1). The porosity of LWA was found to be higher (even up to 50%), thus the apparent density lower, compared with the reference product containing bentonite. These properties were accompanied by the relatively high crushing resistance which was up to 4.4 N/mm2. Hereby, usefulness of shale drill cuttings for LWAs production was confirmed.
UUV and AUV Vehicles as the autonomous systems for naval applications
- Lech Rowiński
2019
There is a growing pressure to investigate how to design and build the unmanned underwater vehicles of different types which are devoted towards performing many tasks under the water surface according to the data missions. During the recent years the Department of Ship Design and Subsea Robotics, Faculty of Ocean Engineering and Ship Technology, Gdansk University of Technology designed and built a few types of unmanned underwater vehicles to satisfy the navy activities. Between the vehicles is the MORSWIN vehicle which is a multipurpose high power fully electric Remote Operated Vehicle (ROV) system. The MORSWIN system may be utilized as an observation ROV vehicle without the additional equipment. To extend its capabilities the purpose oriented modules can be installed. A standard module weights up to 60 kg and is 0.3 meters high. Higher modules may be designed to contain the requested equipment. The next example is the GLUPTAK Disposable Mine Destruction Vehicle (DMDV) system which can be used to identify and destroy the naval mines. Its target can be located up to 400meters under the water surface from a launch point. A typical mission profile calls for destruction of a target detected by other means. Normally the target would be detected by means of bow sonar of a mine hunting ship. the missions against targets indicated by the other sources are also very likely. Another example of our design is the autonomous underwater vehicle called ALBATROS. This is a simple cruise platform. It is similar to a small, slowly swimming torpedo. It is able to carry a sensor suite along pre-planned route and depth. the basic equipment can be used for the oceanographic measurements, cartography and imaging of sea bottom and linearK industrial structures as well. For the precise navigation and remote control the ALBATROS vehicle is equipped with several navigation means including the compass, Doppler velocity log, GPS receiver and hydroacoustic transponder. A remote control at minimum level is assured by the underwater hydroacoustic link as well as GSM and WiFi modems for the surface control and communication.
Uwarunkowania dotyczące zawartości granulatu asfaltowego w mieszankach mineralno-asfaltowych produkowanych na gorąco w otaczarkach cyklicznych
- Jacek Alenowicz
2019 Magazyn Autostrady
Recykling MMA na gorąco jest obecnie szeroko wykorzystywany w budownictwie drogowym. Pozwala on na uzyskanie istotnych korzyści ekologicznych i ekonomicznych. W artykule przedstawiono uwarunkowania wpływające na zawartość granulatu asfaltowego w MMA. Powinny być one uwzględniane, aby uzyskać MMA z granulatem asfaltowym o właściwościach, takich jak w przypadku mieszanek wykonanych z nowych materiałów. Omówiono głównie uwarunkowania techniczne i technologiczne wynikające z jakości granulatu asfaltowego, technologii recyklingu na gorąco oraz właściwości MMA z granulatem. Zwrócono również uwagę na formalne ograniczenia wynikające z przepisów technicznych.
Uwarunkowania logistyczne planowania przestrzennego terenów zurbanizowanych na potrzeby rozwoju żeglugi śródlądowej
- Patrycja Jerzyło
- Aleksandra Wawrzyńska
- Leszek Smolarek
2019 Pełny tekst PRACE NAUKOWE POLITECHNIKI WARSZAWSKIEJ. SERIA: TRANSPORT
Planowanie przestrzenne stanowi pochodną kilku czynników natury przyrodniczej, ekonomicznej, rynkowej, technicznej, społecznej i politycznej. W planowaniu przestrzennym śródlądowych portów wodnych jako główne czynniki przyjmuje się konfigurację powierzchni terenu, tzn. jej kształt (rzeźbę terenu) oraz obecność i wzajemne położenie obiektów i punktów charakterystycznych portów wodnych. Dodatkowo w planowaniu przestrzennym i lokalizacji duże znaczenie ma przeznaczenie portu, planowanej struktury obrotów towarowych, prognozowanego ruchu statków, ciągów komunikacyjnych, stosowanej technologii przeładunków, a także od przewidywanego popytu na rozwój żeglugi i handlu drogą śródlądową. W artykule opisano kryteria uwarunkowań logistycznych planowania lokalizacji i dostępności transportowej portu śródlądowego w dolnym odcinku rzeki Wisły. Dokonano oceny intensywności ruchu statków, planowania przestrzennego portu oraz uzasadnienia ekonomicznego.
Uzyskanie standardu pasywnego
- Mateusz Pankanin
- Marcin Szczepański
2019 Pełny tekst Builder
Celem artykułu jest ocena budynku mieszkalnego w zabudowie bliźniaczej w świetle obowiązujących przepisów dotyczących energooszczędności oraz analiza czasów i kosztów jego wykonania w dwóch wariantach klasy energetycznej. W ramach analizy wyliczono bilans strat oraz zysków ciepła, na podstawie którego utworzono wskaźniki charakterystyczne. Następnie zaproponowano rozwiązania pozwalające obniżyć te wskaźniki do poziomu dopuszczalnych według obowiązujących i przyszłych przepisów dla budynków jednorodzinnych pasywnych oraz porównano koszty i czasy realizacji budynku tradycyjnego ze zmodernizowanym w kierunku klasy budynku pasywnego.
Validating data acquired with experimental multimodal biometric system installed in bank branches
- Piotr Szczuko
- Andrzej Czyżewski
- Piotr Hoffmann
- Piotr Bratoszewski
- Michał Lech
2019 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT INFORMATION SYSTEMS
An experimental system was engineered and implemented in 100 copies inside a real banking environment comprising: dynamic handwritten signature verification, face recognition, bank client voice recognition and hand vein distribution verification. The main purpose of the presented research was to analyze questionnaire responses reflecting user opinions on: comfort, ergonomics, intuitiveness and other aspects of the biometric enrollment process. The analytical studies and experimental work conducted in the course of this work will lead towards methodologies and solutions of the multimodal biometric technology, which is planned for further development. Before this stage is achieved a study on the data usefulness acquired from a variety of biometric sensors and from survey questionnaires filled in by banking tellers and clients was done. The decision-related sets were approximated by the Rough Set method offering efficient algorithms and tools for finding hidden patterns in data. Prediction of evaluated biometric data quality, based on enrollment samples and on user subjective opinions was made employing the developed method. After an introduction to the principles of applied biometric identity verification methods, the knowledge modelling approach is presented together with achieved results and conclusions.
Validation of a virtual test environment for C2X communication under radio jamming conditions
- Michał Tarkowski
- Mateusz Rzymowski
- Łukasz Kulas
- Krzysztof Nyka
- Marcin Borawski
- Przemysław Kwapisiewicz
- Wojciech Piechowski
- Gerald Temme
- Saifullah Khan
- Danny Behnecke
- Mohamed Mahmod
2019 Pełny tekst
In this paper, we propose a novel car-2-x communication security testing methodology in the physical layer of wireless systems. The approach is dedicated to automated testing of autonomous vehicles and it is essential for such complex systems operation, especially with regard to safety and security issues. It is based on scenario-driven testing in virtual and real test environments created from collected or simulated data. The presented approach is dedicated for reducing the time and costs of testing and generates a number of potential situations to examine the autonomous system behavior with regard to the wireless communication security. The conducted test results compare some exemplary scenarios, which involve 802.11p C2X communication in presence of intentional interferences, which are realized in different configurations: SiL, HiL and in-field measurements.
Valuation of architectural heritage by multicultural student groups
- Jakub Szczepański
2019 Pełny tekst Global Journal of Engineering Education
In this article, the author addresses the education of architecture students in the field of architectural history and the determination of the value of architectural objects. Important changes at present are underway concerning this. Both the role of architectural history in architectural education and content in architectural history curricula is changing. The need for re-evaluation and reconstruction of the role of architectural history in education arises from several reasons. Educational needs are also changing because of globalisation. The field of monument protection is widening, the number of objects that are subject to protection increases rapidly. Ecological needs require greater care for the existing building substance. At the end of the article, the solutions implemented at Gdańsk University of Technology, Gdańsk, Poland, are presented: these are aimed at solving the problem of teaching students how to evaluate architectural heritage.
Vapor correction of FTIR spectra – A simple automatic least squares approach
- Piotr Bruździak
2019 Pełny tekst SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
FTIR spectroscopy is one of the best techniques to study intermolecular interactions. However, such an application requires high quality spectra with as little noise as possible, which are often difficult to obtain. One of the main sources of unwanted interference is water vapor. Here a robust method is proposed for automatic, fast and reliable vapor correction of FTIR spectra. The presented least squares approach of vapor subtraction using many vapor spectra and a special residual function provides a much better correction. It does not rely on the researcher's experience, no coefficients are arbitrarily chosen or tweaked, thus such results are more trustworthy and accurate.
Variable length sliding models for banking clients face biometry
- Piotr Szczuko
- Andrzej Czyżewski
- Maciej Szczodrak
2019 Pełny tekst MULTIMEDIA TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS
An experiment was organized in 100 bank branches to acquire biometric samples from nearly 5000 clients including face images. A procedure for creating face verification models based on continuously expanding database of biometric samples is proposed, implemented, and tested. The presented model applies to circumstances where it is possible to collect and to take into account new biometric samples after each positive verification of the user. Thus the model can evolve in time, and it can follow changes of user face characteristics, e.g. changes in complexion, variable amount of facial hair, arriving wrinkles, cheeks chubbiness appearance, etc., introduced as effects of changing lifestyle, sunbathing, gaining weight, aging or other processes. The variable length sliding models derived from the gathered experimental data are described in the paper.
Variable-fidelity response feature surrogates for accelerated statistical analysis and yield estimation of compact microwave components
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Adrian Bekasiewicz
2019 Pełny tekst IET Microwaves Antennas & Propagation
Accounting for manufacturing tolerances is an essential part of a reliable microwave design process. Yet, quantification of geometry and/or material parameter uncertainties is challenging at the level of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation models. This is due to inherently high cost of EM analysis and massive simulations necessary to conduct the statistical analysis. Here, a low-cost and accurate yield estimation procedure for compact microwave couplers is proposed. Authors’ technique involves variable-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) simulation models, as well as fast surrogates constructed using a response feature approach. In order to improve the computational efficiency of the analysis, the primary surrogate is obtained from the characteristic points of the low-fidelity model and, subsequently, corrected using a single evaluation of the high-fidelity model. Combination of both methods results in an extremely low cost of yield estimation being just a few high-fidelity EM analyses. For the sake of demonstration, a compact hybrid rat-race coupler operating at 1 GHz is considered. Yield estimation is carried out under several scenarios concerning various probability distributions of the geometry parameter deviations. Reliability of the approach is verified by comparing the results with direct Monte–Carlo analysis and single-fidelity feature-based yield estimation.
Variable-Fidelity Simulation Models and Sparse Gradient Updates for Cost-Efficient Optimization of Compact Antenna Input Characteristics
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
2019 Pełny tekst SENSORS
Design of antennas for the Internet of Things (IoT) applications requires taking into account several performance figures, both electrical (e.g., impedance matching) and field (gain, radiation pattern), but also physical constraints, primarily concerning size limitation. Fulfillment of stringent specifications necessitates the development of topologically complex structures described by a large number of geometry parameters that need tuning. Conventional optimization procedures are typically too expensive when the antenna is evaluated using high-fidelity electromagnetic (EM) analysis, otherwise required to ensure accuracy. This paper proposes a novel surrogate-assisted optimization algorithm for computationally efficient design optimization of antenna structures. In the paper, the optimization of antenna input characteristic is presented, specifically, minimization of the antenna reflection coefficient in a given bandwidth. Our methodology involves variable-fidelity EM simulations as well as a dedicated procedure to reduce the cost of estimating the antenna response gradients. The latter is based on monitoring the variations of the antenna response sensitivities along the optimization path. The procedure suppresses the finite-differentiation-based sensitivity updates for variables that exhibit stable gradient behavior. The proposed algorithm is validated using three compact wideband antennas and demonstrated to outperform both the conventional trust region algorithm and the pattern search procedure, as well as surrogate-based procedures while retaining acceptable design quality.