2025 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

Pokaż publikacje z roku

Publikacje z roku 2025

Pokaż wszystkie

Reusable Biosensor for Easy RNA Detection from Unfiltered Saliva
- Paweł Wityk
- Agata Terebieniec
- Robert Nowak
- Jacek Łubiński
- Martyna Mroczyńska-Szeląg
- Tomasz Wityk
- Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak,
2025 SENSORS
Biosensors are transforming point-of-care diagnostics by simplifying the detection process and enabling rapid, accurate testing. This study introduces a novel, reusable biosensor designed for direct viral RNA detection from unfiltered saliva, targeting SARS-CoV-2. Unlike conventional methods requiring filtration, our biosensor leverages a unique electrode design that prevents interference from saliva debris, allowing precise measurements. The biosensor is based on electrochemical principles, employing oligonucleotide probes immobilized on a hydrophobic-coated electrode, which prevents air bubbles and salt crystal formation. During validation, the biosensor demonstrated a sensitivity and specificity of 100%, accurately identifying SARS-CoV-2 in saliva samples without false positives or negatives. Cross-validation with RT-qPCR, the gold standard for COVID-19 diagnostics, confirmed the reliability of our device. The biosensor’s performance was tested on 60 participants, yielding 12 true positive results and 48 true negatives, aligning perfectly with RT-qPCR outcomes. This reusable, easy-to-use biosensor offers significant potential for point-of-care applications in various healthcare settings, providing a fast, efficient, and cost-effective method for detecting viral infections such as COVID-19. Its robust design, minimal sample preparation requirements, and multiple-use capability mark a significant advancement in biosensing technology.
Room vs. Body Temperature to Evaluate Electrical Interface Parameters of State-Of-The-Art PEDOT : PSS-Based Electrodes
- Karolina Cysewska
2025 ChemElectroChem
In this work, the effect of the simulated body fluid temperature on the electrical interface parameters of the state-of-the-art PEDOT-PSS electrode was studied. PEDOT-PSS was synthesized by electrodeposition on graphite and gold-coated-graphite electrodes. All electrochemical measurements were performed in phosphate-buffered saline aqueous solution (pH 7.4) at room temperature (25 °C) and body temperature (37 °C). The results of the work confirmed that the modification of the carbon or metallic electrode with conducting polymer PEDOT : PSS significantly reduced the interfacial impedance and improved charge storage capacity and current injection limit due to its high electroactive surface area, roughness and porosity compared to the bare substrates. The work showed that solution temperature is a critical factor that can influence the electrical interface parameters of electrodes for neural stimulation. Understanding and controlling these temperature-dependent effects are essential for ensuring the reliability, safety, and efficacy of neural stimulation applications in both research and clinical settings.
Secondary Structure in Free and Assisted Modeling of Proteins with the Coarse-Grained UNRES Force Field
- Emilia Lubecka
- Cezary Czaplewski
- Adam Sieradzan
- Agnieszka Lipska
- Lukasz Dziadek
- Adam Liwo
2025
Secondary structure is a solid scaffold on which the three-dimensional structure of a protein is built. Therefore, care must be taken to reproduce the secondary structure as accurately as possible in the simulations of protein systems. In this chapter, we summarize the physics-based energy terms that govern secondary-structure formation, the auxiliary restraints on secondary structure derived from bioinformatics and from the experimental data, and the role of those in the modeling of protein structures, dynamics, and thermodynamics with the physics-based coarse-grained UNRES force field. Examples illustrating the methodology discussed and further directions of development are presented.
Separation of Simultaneous Speakers with Acoustic Vector Sensor
- Józef Kotus
- Grzegorz Szwoch
2025 SENSORS
This paper presents a method of sound source separation in live audio signals, based on sound intensity analysis. Sound pressure signals recorded with an acoustic vector sensor are analyzed, and the spectral distribution of sound intensity in two dimensions is calculated. Spectral components of the analyzed signal are selected based on the calculated source direction, which leads to a spatial filtration of the sound. The experiments were performed with test signals convolved with impulse responses of a real sensor, recorded for a varying sound source position. The experiments evaluated the proposed method’s ability to separate sound sources, depending on their position, spectral content, and signal-to-noise ratio, especially when multiple sources are active at the same time. The obtained results are presented and discussed. The proposed algorithm provided signal-to-distortion ratio (SDR) values 10–12 dB, and Short-Time Objective Intelligibility Measure (STOI) values in the range 0.86–0.94, an increase by 0.15–0.30 compared with the unprocessed speech signal. The proposed method is intended for applications in automated speech recognition systems, speaker diarization, and separation in the concurrent speech scenarios, using a small acoustic sensor.
Separatory jednolite i składane docierarek tarczowych do płaszczyzn
- Adam Barylski
2025 Tworzywa Sztuczne w Przemyśle
Omówiono rodzaje układów wykonawczych docierarek do obróbki powierzchni płaskich i płasko-równoległych. Podano zasady projektowania separatorów przedmiotowych dla docierarek jedno- i dwutarczowych. Omówiono stosowane materiały na separatory oraz zamieszczono przykłady konstrukcji separatorów jednolitych i modułowych.
Side-on phosphinoboryl platinum(ii) complexes
- Anna Ordyszewska
- Antoni Czaplewski
- Tomasz Wojnowski
- Iwona Anusiewicz
- Jarosław Chojnacki
- Rafał Grubba
2025 Pełny tekst CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
The oxidative addition of bromo(phosphino)boranes to platinum(0) compounds enabled the formation of platinum(II) complexes with unprecedented side-on coordination of the boryl ligand. The resulting complex underwent a reaction with carbon dioxide, leading to the insertion of a CO2 molecule into the B–P bond of the phosphinoboryl ligand.
Silver and Silver/Sodium Bisphosphonate Salts: Rare Examples of Molecular Solid Solutions and Their Biological Activity as Dual-Action Compounds
- Karolina Gutmańska
- Michał Bartmański
- Anna Ronowska
- Marta Prześniak-Welenc
- Piotr Szweda
- Sebastian Demkowicz
- Mikołaj Walter
- Tomasz Klimczuk
- Anna Dołęga
2025 CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are an important treatment for osteoporosis and bone metastases due to their low toxicity, high thermostability, and the ability to inhibit bone resorption. Notably, BPs like alendronate, which contain a primary amine group, exhibit potent antiresorptive and antiangiogenic properties. Recent studies have focused on enhancing the BP properties by incorporating bioactive metals to increase their therapeutic potential. Here, we describe the synthesis and physicochemical properties of new silver etidronate and alendronate salts. Our research demonstrates the potential of silver bisphosphonate complexes in promoting osteoblast viability while exhibiting significant antimicrobial activity. Moreover, silver/sodium alendronates turned out to be rare examples of molecular solid solutions that allow the adjustment of the concentration of potentially cytotoxic silver cations within the obtained compounds.
Slip Compensation Technique In Five-Phase Induction Motors Drive System
- Krzysztof Blecharz
- Roland Ryndzionek
- Paul Gondran
- Imad Merzouk
2025 Pełny tekst Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences-Technical Sciences
The article presents a slip compensation method for traditional scalar (V/f) control of a five-phase induction motor. The proposed control method uses the possibility of injecting the third harmonic of voltage to increase the motor’s electromagnetic torque. The solution is characterized by both the simplicity of scalar control and improved speed control efficiency. The paper presents the PLECS simulation results and describes the laboratory tests that were conducted. The several scenarios were performed with dedicated and self developed algorithm in a laboratory stand using a 5-phase induction motor.
Sobol’ sensitivity analysis of a 1D stochastic elasto-plastic seismic wave propagation
- Hexiang Wang
- Fangbo Wang
- Han Yang
- Katarzyna Staszewska
- Boris Jeremić
2025 Pełny tekst SOIL DYNAMICS AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING
A novel numerical framework for the Sobol’ sensitivity analysis of 1D stochastic elasto-plastic wave propagation is proposed and evaluated. The forward propagation of uncertain input motions through uncertain elasto-plastic soils and structures is often conducted using the finite element method (FEM) together with the Monte Carlo simulation. However, it is computationally much more efficient to use the stochastic elasto-plastic FEM (SEPFEM) instead. Hence the developed framework is based on the SEPFEM. The backward propagation of uncertainties, that is, the determination of relative influences of individual uncertain input motions and uncertain material properties on the resulting uncertain seismic wave propagation, is known as the global sensitivity analysis. A global sensitivity analysis, namely, the Sobol’ sensitivity analysis, is included in the proposed framework. Uncertain input, bedrock motions are obtained using the ground motion prediction equations of Fourier amplitude spectra and Fourier phase derivative, and they are modeled as a non-stationary random process. Stochastic elasto-plastic soil properties are represented as heterogeneous random fields. The random process and the random fields are discretized in the probabilistic space using an orthogonal Hermite polynomial chaos (PC) basis. The probabilistic system response is obtained efficiently using the Galerkin stochastic FEM. The Sobol’ sensitivity analysis is conducted for the PC-represented uncertain system response. The benefits of the presented framework to the site-specific probabilistic seismic hazard analysis are discussed. The novel approach enables to take into account the uncertainty in both, seismic load and elasto-plastic material parameters, and to assess their individual influences on the overall uncertainty in the resulting wave field accurately and efficiently. The presented framework has been implemented into Real-ESSI Simulator and, here, it is evaluated and demonstrated to be very useful for the seismic site response analysis.
Solvent Selection as a Key Factor in the Performance of Semitransparent Heterojunctions Composed of Hydrogenated Nanotubes and Bismuth Sulfides
- Stefania Wolff
- Wiktoria Lipińska
- Justyna Gumieniak
- Agnieszka Kramek
- Karol Załęski
- Emerson Coy
- Natalia Wójcik
- Katarzyna Siuzdak
2025 Pełny tekst ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
Research on titanium nanotubes modified with metal sulfides, particularly bismuth sulfide (Bi2S3), aims to create heterostructures that efficiently absorb sunlight and then separate photogenerated charge carriers, thereby enhancing the energy conversion efficiency. This study shows a key role of solvent used for sulfide and bismuth salt solutions used during successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) onto the morphology, structure, and photoresponse of the heterojunction where one element is represented by semitransparent titania nanotubes (gTiNT) and the second is Bi2S3. Using 2-methoxyethanol and methanol during SILAR, results in remarkably photoactive 3D heterostructure and recorded photocurrents were 44 times higher compared to bare titania nanotubes. Additionally, methanol- and 2-methoxyethanol-based processing allowed uniform deposition of the sulfide, which was not reached for other solvents. XPS studies not only confirm formation of bismuth sulfides but also indicate that BixTiyOz compound can arise that can affect both stability and photoactivity of the electrode material.
Spatial allocation of nature-based solutions in the form of public green infrastructure in relation to the socio-economic district profile–a GIS-based comparative study of Gdańsk and Rome
- Anahita Azadgar
- Giulia Luciani
- Lucyna Nyka
2025 LAND USE POLICY
With increasing environmental and climate change threats to urban areas, Nature-based Solutions (NbS), including public greenery, are becoming integral components of green infrastructure (GI) networks. These solutions provide multiple benefits in different aspects, including stormwater management, enhanced air quality and improved societal well-being, offering cost-effective and adaptable alternatives to resource-intensive and environmentally harmful grey infrastructure. However, their benefits are often unevenly distributed, resulting in patterns of environmental injustice. This article presents a GIS-based study of the spatial allocation of publicly accessible NbS (PNbS), in Gdansk, Poland, and Rome, Italy. It aims at assessing possible correlations between the socio-economic attributes of the urban districts of the two cities and the density of available PNbS in each district. Results indicate disparities in density of PNbS across different socio-economic layers, more relevant in Rome than in Gdansk, and highlight the importance of informed urban planning. The study supports concerns for fair NbS distribution, pointing to the potential exacerbation of social and economic inequalities, which puts socially vulnerable communities at higher risk of being affected by climate hazards. The results provide insights for policymakers, urging a prioritized focus on districts with crucial PNbS needs. Strategies should consider socio-economic factors to address distributive and environmental justice concerns. Overall, the study offers insights to guide urban planning toward climate-resilient and inclusive cities.
Spectrophotometric determination of chlorpyrifos in foodstuffs after vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification microextraction using magnetic deep eutectic solvents: Analytical greenness profile
- Nail Altunay
- Adil Elik
- Hameed Haq
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
2025 JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
In this work a novel and green vortex-assisted surfactant-enhanced emulsification microextraction (VA-SEEME) based on magnetic deep eutectic solvents (MDESs) was developed for the determination of chlorpyrifos in foodstuffs by UV-Vis spectrophotometric analysis. MDES (trihexyltetradecylphosphonium chloride: MnCl2: octanoic acid) was used as the extractant, non-ionic surfactant Tween-80 was used as an extraction medium, and ethanol as the eluent solvent. In the VA-MDES-SEEME procedure, a vortex was applied for agitation, and a neodymium magnet was used to separate the MDES from the aqueous solution. Under optimized conditions, a linear dynamic range was obtained in the range of 0.3–260 µg L−1 with a detection limit of 0.09 µg L−1. The intraday and interday precisions of the method, defined as relative standard deviation, ranged from 1.3 % to 2.5 %. The recovery of the spiked sample after the VA-MDES-SEEME procedure ranged from 88±6 % to 98±1 %, and the enrichment factor was obtained as 91-fold. The VA-MDES-SEEME procedure was validated by analysis of the certified reference materials including 7507a-Green Onion and 7508a-Cabbage. The VA-MDES-SEEME procedure is based on inexpensive equipment and green chemicals and is compatible with UV-Vis spectrophotometer analysis. The green profile of the VA-MDES-SEEME procedure within the scope of the current study was calculated as 0.71 using AGREE.
Stabilization Method for Speed Observer of Induction Machine
- Marcin Morawiec
- Lelisa Wogi
- Piotr Kołodziejek
2025 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS
This article proposes the speed estimation principles dedicated to the observer structures based on the machine mathematical model. The rotor speed is reconstructed based on the mathematical model of a machine by using both adaptive and nonadaptive schemes. The presented principle is generalized to the classical nonlinear system in the vector form and can be applied to induction machines. The proposed rotor speed reconstruction approach is based on an algebraic relationship, and the observer system mathematical model has the same rank as the induction machine. The speed observer structure can be unstable due to the challenge of stabilizing the sensorless control of the induction machine at low-speed, near zero speed, or in the low-speed regenerating mode of operation. As a result, the new stabilizing functions based on Lagrange identity are proposed in this work to improve the range of observer stability. The proposed approach includes newly developed stabilization mechanisms that ensure observer stability under both motoring and regenerating modes of operations at the low rotor speed and improve the observer range of stability. The Lyapunov theorem is used during the design procedure for stability purposes. The simulation and experimental studies are carried out for an induction machine adaptive and nonadaptive full-order observer. The experimental results show that stable operation of the system is obtained, and the range of observer stability is improved, especially at low-speeds and in a regenerating mode of operation, concluding that the proposed solution is suitable for use in industrial applications.
Strategies for feature-assisted development of topology agnostic planar antennas using variable-fidelity models
- Adrian Bekasiewicz
- Khadijeh Askaripour
- Mariusz Dzwonkowski
- Tom Dhaene
- Ivo Couckuyt
2025 Journal of Computational Science
Design of antennas for contemporary applications presents a complex challenge that integrates cognitive-driven topology development with the meticulous adjustment of parameters through rigorous numerical optimization. Nevertheless, the process can be streamlined by emphasizing the automatic determination of structure geometry, potentially reducing the reliance on traditional methods that heavily rely on engineering insight in the course of antenna development. In this work, which is an extension of our conference paper [1], a specification-oriented design of topologically agnostic antennas is considered by utilizing two strategies focused on bandwidth-specific design and bandwidth-enhanced optimization. The process is embedded within a variable-fidelity framework, where the low-fidelity optimization involves classification of randomly generated topologies, followed by their local tuning using a trust-region algorithm applied to a feature-based representation of structure response. The final result is then tuned using just a handful of high-fidelity simulations. The strategies under consideration were verified on a case study basis concerning automatic generation of three radiators with varying parameters. Benchmarks of the algorithm against more standard optimization methods, as well as comparisons of the obtained topologies with respect to state-of-the-art antennas from literature have also been considered.
Strategies toward Green Deal implementation in the context of SCG reuse and recovery in the circular economy model
- Jakub Drewnowski
- Jun Xu
- Hongyu Mao
- Lurui Chen
- Jacek Mąkinia
- Joanna Szulżyk-Cieplak
- Li Xie
2025 Pełny tekst Desalination and Water Treatment
The article explores the future outlook on integrating and using a resource database for the recovery and reuse of coffee industry residues, focusing on economic and environmental perspectives within the Circular Economy Model (CEM). With the continuous rise in global coffee consumption, the production of Spent Coffee Grounds (SCG) has also surged worldwide, presenting significant opportunities for resource recovery and recycling. The reuse of SCG, a solid byproduct of coffee brewing, whether at home or on an industrial scale for soluble coffee production, is the subject of the article. This review aimed to consolidate existing knowledge on SCG output, management, characterization, treatment, and various methods for resource recovery and recycling to enhance understanding of SCG. Recent approaches include biodiesel production, biochar conversion, composting, co-digestion, extraction, as well as utilization in water treatment or construction. Despite these advancements, the SCG research community remains relatively small and disconnected, lacking timely exchange of information. Therefore, the development of high value-added products within the framework of Green Deal Implementation and CEM is strongly encouraged.
Structure, performance, and photooxidative stability of Mater-Bi/brewers' spent grain composites as a function of filler thermomechanical and chemical modification
- Aleksander Hejna
- Mateusz Barczewski
- Paulina Kosmela
- Olga Mysiukiewicz
2025 INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
Nowadays, to provide a step towards circularity, the development of sustainable polymer composites should include the application of waste-based materials that can act not only as simple fillers, reducing the use of polymers but also as functional additives, limiting or eliminating the use of synthetic components. Herein, in the presented study, the main by-product of the brewing industry, brewers' spent grain (BSG), was applied as a functional filler for biocomposites based on poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate)/thermoplastic starch/poly(ε-caprolactone) matrix – Mater-Bi. To enhance its stabilizing functionalities and interfacial adhesion with the matrix, BSG was subjected to thermomechanical modification in a twin-screw extruder and chemical treatment with isophorone diisocyanate. Combined treatments reduced the interfacial hydrophilicity gap, facilitating melt processing, which was expressed by even a 30 % decrease in melt viscosity. Moreover, despite the incorporation of 30 wt% of low-cost BSG filler, flexural and tensile strength were hardly affected, while moduli increased even by 174 and 139 %, respectively. In situ generation of Maillard reaction products during BSG thermomechanical treatment enhanced the thermal stability of composites in an oxidative atmosphere, shifting degradation onset even by 30 °C. The stabilizing impact was also evidenced by the hindered photooxidative degradation of biocomposites. The unfavorable changes in biocomposites' surface roughness, as well as thermal properties and stability, have been limited by the increasing temperature of BSG thermomechanical treatment. Composites developed in the presented study could be effectively applied in manufacturing disposable or multi-use products, e.g., packaging materials, food containers, or cosmetic accessories like brushes, combs, or toothbrushes.
Study of vibrational surface topography measurement errors of LPBF Inconel 718 alloy after shot peening process
- Przemysław Podulka
- Anna Rudawska
- Wojciech Macek
2025 MEASUREMENT
A study of surface topography can provide valuable information on the product. Since the material finishing relies on the measured topography, the manufacturing process can be controlled by studying the roughness. The Laser Power Bed Fusion (LPBF) materials belong to the commonly used surfaces in the industry. Measuring this type of material with a contactless method can be found in many practical implementations. The white light interference method can be classified as one of the most encouraging surface topography measurement techniques in the last decade. Due to its fast application and data collection, it can be proposed for many demanding production processes. However, this measuring method is fraught with many errors, some caused by external environmental disturbances. One of them is a vibration, which can cause the occurrence of high-frequency measurement noise. This vibrational measuring noise can influence the ISO 25178 surface texture parameters significantly. It was found that the high-frequency noise distorted some surface topography parameters more than 100 %. In this study, the methodology of reduction of vibrational surface topography measurement noise was proposed using general functions and digital filters. Advantages of application of the proposed method against standardized, generally proposed S–filter were indicated. Finally, the new methodology was validated in terms of ISO 25178 surface texture parameters evaluation.
Sub‐Nanometer‐Scale Cu9S5 Enables Efficiently Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction to Ammonia
- Chao Feng
- Hanyang Wu
- Jiaxin Shao
- Qihua Huo
- Afaq Hassan
- Hengpan Yang
- Qi Hu
- Chuanxin He
2025 Advanced Energy Materials
The sub-nanometer is a key feature size in materials science. Unlike single-atom and nanomaterials, size effects and inter-component cooperative actions in sub-nanomaterials will effective on its performance is more significant. Here, 0.95 nm ordered arrangement Cu9S5 sub-nanowires (Cu9S5 SNWs) are synthesized through the co-assembly effect of inorganic nuclei (Cu9S5) and clusters (phosphotungstic acid-PTA), achieving a significant increase in the specific surface area of the sample and ≈100% atomic exposure rate, which is the key to its high catalytic activity. PTA clusters not only act as a “charge transfer station” to accelerate the inter-component electron transfer process, but also facilitate the dissociation of water and provide more hydrogen protons, thus dramatically facilitating the electrocatalytic process. The experimental results show that the Cu9S5 SNWs exhibited excellent nitrate reduction reaction (NO3−RR) properties. The Faraday efficiency (FE) of NO3−RR is 90.4% at the optimum potential −0.3 VRHE (reversible hydrogen electrode) and the ammonia production is as high as 0.37 mmol h−1 cm−2, which is superior to most reported electrocatalysts. In addition, the Zn-NO3− liquid-flow battery devices assembled using Cu9S5 SNWs as electrode materials show excellent application results. This work provides a reference for the design of highly efficient sub-nanoscale NO3−RR electrocatalysts.
Superconductivity in Ternary Mg4Pd7As6
- Hanna Świątek
- Sylwia Gutowska
- Michał Winiarski
- Bartłomiej Wiendlocha
- Tomasz Klimczuk
2025 Advanced Electronic Materials
The synthesis and characterization of a new compound Mg4Pd7As6, which is found to be a superconductor with Tc = 5.45 K is reported. Powder X-ray diffraction confirms the U4Re7Si6 structure (space group Im-3m, no. 229) with the lattice parameter a = 8.2572(1) Å. Magnetization, specific heat, and electrical resistivity measurements indicate that it is a moderate-coupling ( = 0.72) type-II superconductor. The electronic and phonon structures are calculated, highlighting the importance of antibonding Pd–As interactions in determining the properties of this material. The calculated electron–phonon coupling parameter = 0.76 agrees very well with the experimental finding, which confirms the conventional pairing mechanism in Mg4Pd7As6 .
Supramolecular deep eutectic solvents in extraction processes: a review
- Patrycja Makoś-Chełstowska
- Edyta Słupek
- Sophie Fourmentin
- Jacek Gębicki
2025 Environmental Chemistry Letters
Solvent selection is essential for industrial and analytical extraction processes to ensure environmental safety and neutrality. Nevertheless, toxic and hazardous solvents are often used, due to their cost-effectiveness and ready availability. In green chemistry, alternative solvents such as supramolecular deep eutectic solvents are gaining attention due to their superior performance compared with traditional non-green solvents in certain applications. Here we review the use of supramolecular deep eutectic solvents as a green solvent for analytical and industrial liquid–liquid extraction processes, with focus on physicochemical properties, extraction conditions, the capacity factor, the enrichment factor, fuel desulfurization, extraction of biological active compounds, lignin valorization, and sample preparation.