2018 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2018

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Designing digital displays and interactive media in today’s cities by night. Do we know enough about attracting attention to do so?
- Karolina Zielińska-Dąbkowska
- Ava Fatah Gen Schieck
2018 Conscious Cities Anthology 2018:Human-Centred Design, Science, and Technology
With the huge transformation in the development of digital screen technology and its consistently decreasing cost, digital billboards are progressively replacing traditional static, two-dimensional poster advertisements in our cities1. Previously, due to the substantial expenditure involved, they were only available to major international brands with vast promotional resources to build their brand fame. Today, however, they are being used increasingly by advertisers to deliver all kinds of messages from simple ones to more sophisticated, interactive storytelling. Soon, however, even newer ways of purchasing advertisements using computers will be introduced by the outdoor media industry to address the public, so potentially everybody will be able to rent out available advertising space and communicate the message. But are we ready for this next step? As there are no proper guidelines or regulations in place for this new medium in the urban realm, today we are facing issues such as no integration of the display’s location into the built environment, no specifications based on knowledge of human perception and the human centric design approach, no control over its content quality, and so called ‘display blindness’2 seems to be a common collective urban experience at night. Taking London as one of the most cutting-edge outdoor digital advertising environments in the world3 (with the largest number of these screens traditionally located in or in close proximity to Piccadilly Circus) this paper discusses various aspects of this new medium. Besides the layout and geometry of the space, it also focuses on navigation and attracting the visual attention of passers-by at night in a practical human oriented context. Additionally, questions regarding complex sensory, social, special and interactional issues and the necessity for interdisciplinary collaboration have been addressed.
Designing Particle Kalman Filter for Dynamic Positioning
- Krzysztof Jaroś
- Anna Witkowska
- Roman Śmierzchalski
2018
The article presents a comparative analysis of two variants of the Particle Kalman Filter designed by using two different ship motion models. The first filter bases only on the kinematic model of the ship and can be used in many types of vehicles, regardless of the vehicle dynamics model. The input value to the filter is the noisy position of the ship. The second filter makes use of the kinematic and dynamic models of the moving ship. The input values to the filter are the noisy ship position and the forces generated by ship propellers during manoeuvres. These filters are used as state observers. The output values from the filters are position and velocity vectors in three degrees of freedom in the global coordinate system. The simulation test results show that both filters reveal similar accuracy in state observer.
Design-Oriented Constrained Modeling of Antenna Structures
- Sławomir Kozieł
- A Sigurosson
2018
Fast surrogate models are crucially important to reduce the cost of design process of antenna structures. Due to curse of dimensionality, standard (data-driven) modeling methods exhibit serious limitations concerning the number of independent geometry parameters that can be handled but also (and even more importantly) their parameter ranges. In this work, a design-oriented modeling framework is proposed in which the surrogate is constructed in the region of interest defined by a set of reference designs, optimized with respect to user-selected figures of interest (e.g., operating frequencies, substrate permittivity, etc.). The model domain is spanned by the simplexes obtained by triangulation of the reference designs, further extended into their orthogonal complements. Constraining the surrogate model domain this way allows for considerable reduction of the number of training data samples necessary to build the model, as compared to the traditional approach where the sampling is normally performed over a hypercube defined by the lower/upper bounds of the antenna parameters. Our considerations are illustrated using two examples: a UWB monopole, and a dual-band patch antenna.
Destruction of shell structures under the dynamic load on the human skull trauma basis
- Marcin Zmuda Trzebiatowski
2018
The main aim of this work is to investigate patterns of potential orbital bone fractures due to mechanical injuries. The solution of the main problem is followed by analysis of several testing examples having straight correlation with civil engineering structures, in which materials of wide range of stiffness are applied. To solve the main problem, the three-dimensional finite element method (FEM) model of the orbital region has been built, basing on the real geometry of the human skull, including also the intraorbital soft tissues being the significant part of the entire system. The mechanical properties of so-defined objects have been applied according to the laboratory tests results, as well as using the data available in the literature. Then, the non-linear dynamic analysis has been performed, including the contact effect between bodies having extremely different mechanical properties, that are: stiff-deformable bony thin shell and soft-deformable solid intraorbital tissues. The results obtained during the numerical tests of different load cases have been confronted with the results of clinical tests of patients suffering real orbital injuries – computer tomography (CT) scans. Upon that basis, the most essential patterns of the orbital bone trauma have been identified, while the theory known as the hydraulic model has been verified. The analysis has proved that for investigated scheme of loading the actual nature of the alleged hydraulic mechanism is the direct result of the intraorbital tissues deformation (especially the eyeball deformation) in the perpendicular direction to the applied load. Such procured transfer of the intraorbital pressure concentrates solely at the orbital sidewalls in fact, thus the alleged hydraulic model has been proved to be questionable. In front of the commonly used inaccurate name of the above mechanism, the new name, consistent with the real character of the mentioned mechanism has been proposed – the stretching mechanism.
Detection, identification and determination of resveratrol in wine. Problems and challenges
- Magdalena Fabjanowicz
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Jacek Namieśnik
2018 Full text TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Resveratrol is a compound synthesized by plants in response to unfavorable conditions of growth like mechanical injury, siege of bacteria or fungi and UV exposure. It is concentrated mostly in grapes skin and further more in the products made from grapes especially red wines. Each wine is characterized by different amount of given stilbene since its occurrence is affected by many factors like: types of grapes, environment (climate, soil, region) and winemaking technologies. Due to its health beneficial effects, people are very interested in resveratrol and its activity to deal with some diseases. Therefore, its determination and quantification is of high importance. However, the complexity of wine matrix makes its analysis very challenging. The study provides data of the resveratrol occurrence in different types of fruits and wines, regarding region they come from and comparison of analytical techniques and challenges taking into account their process and green assessment.
Detection of Bioactive Compounds in Organically and Conventionally Grown Asparagus Spears
- Yang-Gyu Ku
- Jong-Hyang Bae
- Jacek Namieśnik
- Dinorah Barasch
- Alina Nemirovski
- Elena Katrich
- Shela Gorinstein
2018 Food Analytical Methods
In the recent reports, there are contradictory conclusions about the nutritional and health properties of organic and conventionally growing vegetables. We hypothesized that organic cultivation system results in higher quality of asparagus (Asparagus officinalis L.) because of organic manure and effective organisms. Therefore, new analytical methods were applied in order to find the differences in bioactive compounds between the plants growing under various cultivation systems. Total antioxidant capacities (TAC) of the conventional and organic greenhouse and conventional open-field farming of asparagus spears were determined by 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, and UHPLC-PDA-MS was used for identification of some phenolic acids and flavonoids. Total phenolic compounds (TPC), total flavonoids, rutin, vitamin C, chlorophylls, carotenoids, and the values of TAC, determined in organic growing asparagus spears, were higher than in conventional, but not always significant. The applied for the first time FTIR spectroscopy as an estimation of the differences between the investigated samples showed more prominent bands in the region of polyphenols in organic asparagus spears than in conventional and provides a rapid and precise alternative to other methods. The binding properties of extracted polyphenols to HSA determined by 3D-fluorescence were relatively higher in organic asparagus spears than in other samples. Correlation between the amounts of total polyphenols and flavonoids and their quenching properties showed a linear relationship. All proposed analytical methods can be applied to a variety of studied plants.
Detection of Delamination in Laminate Wind Turbine Blades Using One-Dimensional Wavelet Analysis of Modal Responses
- Łukasz Doliński
- Marek Krawczuk
- Arkadiusz Żak
2018 Full text SHOCK AND VIBRATION
This paper demonstrates the effectiveness of a nondestructive diagnostic technique used to determine the location and size of delamination in laminated coatings of wind turbine blades. This is realized based on results of numerical and experimental investigations obtained by the use of the finite element method (FEM) and laser scanning vibrometry (LSV). The proposed method is based on the one-dimensional continuous wavelet transform of vibration parameters of a wind turbine blade. The investigations were conducted for a 1 : 10 scaled-down blade of a 36m rotor wind turbine. Glass fibres and epoxy resin were used as laminate components. For numerical studies, a simple delamination model was proposed. The results obtained by the authors were used to determine the optimal set of parameters of the continuous wavelet transform.The application of high-quality LSV for experimental measurements allowed determining the optimal conditions of measuring procedures.At the same time the capabilities and limitations, resulting from the nature of the measurement method, were identified. In order to maximize the effectiveness of the detection method, preliminary signal processing was performed. Beside base wavelets also different waveform families were tested.The results obtained by the authors showed that it is possible to identify and localize even relatively small damage.
Detection of Polish clinical Aspergillus fumigatus isolates resistant to triazoles
- Urszula Nawrot
- Ewelina Kurzyk
- Maiken Cavling Arendrup
- Martyna Mroczyńska
- Katarzyna Włodarczyk
- Beata Sulik-tyszka
- Marta Wróblewska
- Marek Ussowicz
- Przemysław Zdziarski
- Katarzyna Niewińska
- Anna Brillowska-Dąbrowska
2018 MEDICAL MYCOLOGY
We studied the presence of triazole resistance of 121 Aspergillus fumigatus clinical isolates collected in two Polish cities, Warsaw and Wrocław, to determine if resistance is emerging in our country. We identified five itraconazole resistant isolates (4.13%) carrying the TR34/L98H alteration in Cyp51A gene, four of which were cross-resistant to posaconazole and one to voriconazole. One isolate was intermediate susceptible to itraconazole and harbored no Cyp51A alterations. The study confirms the presence of azole resistant A. fumigatus strains in Poland at a level that is comparative to other European countries.
Detection of the Bee Queen Presence Using Sound Analysis
- Tymoteusz Cejrowski
- Julian Szymański
- Higinio Mora
- David Gil
2018 Full text
This work describes the system and methods of data analysis we use for beehive monitoring. We present overview of the hardware infrastructures used in hive monitoring systems and we describe algorithms used for analysis of this kind of data. Based on acquisited signals we construct the application that is capable to detect an absence of honey bee queen. We describe our method of signal analysis and present results that allow us to drown conclusions on honey bee behaviour.
Deterioration of masonry structure investigated by a thermal camera with a qualitative assessment of thermal image processing
- Patryk Ziółkowski
- Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
- Jakub Szulwic
2018
Thermal imaging is contemporary remote sensing measurement technique, which provides an image of the temperature distribution in the measured object. The method is widely used, due to its mobility as well as the non-destructive character of the measurement. Infrared thermography is especially relevant in the inspection of insulation, what is more, it is a suitable device for detecting thermal bridges and structural changes, which can impact building energy performance. In the paper, authors brought up the issue and described the basics of infrared tomography briefly. The primary goal of the study is to test the solution on a practical example. The authors carried out measurements using a thermal imaging camera on a residential building in Gdynia. The analysis and processing of collected material for investigation of surface deterioration were made. In addition, a comparative qualitative analysis of image processing filters was made to determine if such filters can improve the visibility of building surface damage.
Determinants of the surface quality, density and dimensional correctness in selective laser melting of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy
- Tomasz Seramak
- Katarzyna Zasińska
- Michel Mesnard
- Karolina Bednarz
- Paulina Fic
- Andrzej Zieliński
2018 Full text Materiaux & Techniques
Selective laser melting is widely used for custom-designed elements. Successful manufacturing depends on laser treatment parameters and material features. This research aimed to determine the effects of laser power, scan time and hatch distance on surface quality, relative density and dimensional precision for cuboids made of the Ti-13Zr-13Nb alloy. The influence of energy density, energy flux and pre-heating was seen to be decisive to different degrees for the quality of the final specimen. The results obtained were used to produce prosthetic crowns and bridges. The thermal stresses that appeared resulted in a deflection of the bridges and consequently in a change in design approach.
Determinants of trade balance in Polish and Czech manufacturing sectors
- Magdalena Olczyk
- Aleksandra Kordalska
2018 Full text EQUILIBRIUM Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Research background: A strong industrial base is essential for achieving long-term sustainable economic growth and export competitiveness. In that sense, manufacturing remains a significant contributor to exports in the CEE countries. However, its role and its influence vary between CEE economies and change over time. Purpose of the article: The main objective of this paper is to compare the determinants of the international competitiveness, measured by the net exports of the manufacturing sectors in the Czech and Polish economies, by using the database of 13 manufacturing sub-sectors in 1995–2011. The authors research the question of how much foreign and domestic demand, the level of labour costs, the level of sector innovation intensity, the level of sector openness to foreign markets as well as sectoral labour productivity influence the changes in trade balance. Methods: Our approach is based on employing an error correction model and SUR model to disaggregated sectoral manufacturing data. Findings & Value added: The results of the analysis conducted show substantial differences in the roles particular variables play in explaining the net exports in individual sectors. For the majority of Polish and Czech manufacturing sub-sectors, generation of positive trade balance is determined by relative demand growth. An increasing labour productivity influences heavily a positive trade balance of Polish goods in majority of sub-sectors, however, a key factor in Czech sub-sectors is decreasing unit labour costs. The results of the analysis indicate mostly a greater impact of the researched factors on net exports in long rather than short term and the better capacity of the Czech economy to correct deviations from the equilibrium.
Determinanty bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Mołdawii: między Unią Europejską a Federacją Rosyjską
- Izabela Borucińska
2018
Artykuł ukazuje główne determinanty politycznego wymiaru bezpieczeństwa energetycznego Mołdawii wynikające ze stosunków z Unią Europejską i Federacją Rosyjską oraz ewolucji mołdawskiej sceny politycznej. Uwzględniając głównie rosnącą obecność rosyjskiego kapitału na mołdawskim rynku energetycznym od schyłku XX w., narastające zadłużenie za dostawy gazu wobec Gazpromu, rosyjskie szantaże energetyczne i handlowe, stopniowo wprowadzane reformy sektora energetycznego i jego integracji z UE oraz niedostateczne wsparcie władz Mołdawii ze strony UE udowodniono, że polityka Federacji Rosyjskiej silniej oddziaływała na bezpieczeństwo energetyczne Mołdawii niż Unii Europejskiej.
Determinanty i efekty uczenia się wydziałów ekonomicznych publicznych szkół wyższych województwa pomorskiego
- Anna Maria Trzaskowska
- Arkadiusz Borowiec
2018
Publiczne uczelnie wyższe jako twory przez lata bardzo zhierarchizowane, ze znacznymi przejawami biurokratyzmu i silnie scentralizowaną władzą, w XXI wieku mają przed sobą długą drogę w dążeniu do doskonalenia własnej zdolności do uczenia się. Głównym celem pracy było zdiagnozowanie stanu determinant i efektów uczenia się badanych organizacji. Postawiono następujące hipotezy badawcze: poziom determinant uczenia się wydziałów ekonomicznych publicznych szkół wyższych jest niewystarczający z punktu widzenia wymagań zmieniającego się otoczenia szkół wyższych; istnieje konieczność i możliwość zaprojektowania działań zwiększających poziom determinant uczenia się badanych organizacji. W celu weryfikacji przyjętych hipotez przeprowadzono badania empiryczne, których podmiotem były wydziały ekonomiczne publicznych szkół wyższych województwa pomorskiego. Przedmiotem badań było zdiagnozowanie determinant oraz efektów uczenia się na badanych wydziałach. Zdiagnozowany poziom determinant uczenia się jest na poziomie średnim, co oznacza, że w zakresie jego zwiększania jest jeszcze wiele do zrobienia. Dynamika wzrostu efektów uczenia się przynajmniej w niewielkim stopniu była dodatnia.
Determination of amikacin and ciprofloxacin by liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization to evaluate sustained delivery of antibiotics from Drug-Eluting Biopsy Needle
- Marta Glinka
- Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
- Andrzej Wasik
2018 Full text
Determination of chosen antibacterial antibiotics: amikacin and ciprofloxacin was carried out by HPLC-UV after derivatization with 9-fluorenylmethyl chloroformate and in their native form by HPLC-MS/MS. Developed methods have been applied to control the kinetics of antibiotic release from polymer-based controlled drug delivery system.
Determination of flavanols by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection. Application to the characterization of cranberry-based pharmaceuticals through profiling and fingerprinting approaches
- Inal Bakhytkyzy
- Oscar Nuñez
- Javier Saurina
2018 Full text JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
In this work, a new method based on reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection (FLD) was established for the determination of catechins and related oligomeric proanthocyanidins (PACs) in cranberry-based pharmaceuticals. Compounds were recovered by liquid extraction using methanol/water/hydrochloric acid (60:39:1, v:v:v) as the extraction solvent. The chromatographic separation was carried out using a core-shell C18 column under an elution program based on 0.1% formic acid in water and methanol as the components of the mobile phase. The flow rate was 0.4 mL min−1 and the injection volume was 5 μL. Chromatograms were acquired at 280 nm by UV–vis absorption and at λex 280 nm and λem 347 nm by fluorescence spectroscopy. Compared to UV detection, FLD demonstrated both increased sensitivity and selectivity to avoid interfering signals from other phenolic compounds present in the samples. Data resulting from the analysis of cranberry-based products was exploited to tackle an exploratory characterization and classification using principal component analysis. Samples were clustered according to their compositions and those enriched with PACs with antibacterial activity were clearly distinguished from the others.
Determination of ionic conductivity in the Bi-Si-O and Pb-Si-O glasses
- Jakub Karczewski
- Tadeusz Miruszewski
- Beata Bochentyn
- Bogusław Kusz
2018 Full text MATERIALS SCIENCE-POLAND
Impedance spectroscopy measurements in various gas atmospheres were carried out in order to explain the doubts about the type of carriers and the mechanism of electrical conductivity in Bi-Si-O and Pb-Si-O glasses. In bismuth silicate glass, a typical ionic conductivity with oxygen ions as charge carriers was observed. The level of electrical conductivity of the glass at 400 °C was 5 × 10−8 S·cm−1 , with the activation energy of 1.3 eV and was independent of measuring atmosphere. In the case of lead silicate glasses, the conductivity changed with measuring atmosphere. Two types of charge carriers: oxygen ions and proton ions were postulated. Proton conductivity measured in wet argon at temperature 400 °C was estimated at the level of 4 × 10−8 S·cm−1 while the oxygen ions conductivity in such conditions was 78 × 10−8 S·cm−1 . We suggest that both types of charge carriers are transported along the same conduction paths using oxygen defects in the glass structure.
Determination of Mathematical Model Parameters of a Medium Frequency Transformer
- Michał Michna
- Andrzej Wilk
- Piotr Dworakowski
- Bruno Lefebvre
2018
The paper presents the results of experimental studies of the medium frequency transformer. The object of the research was a prototype of a single-phase transformer with a core made of ferrite I-core elements and windings made of Litz conductors. The research was carried out to determine the parameters of the transformer's mathematical model. The scope of the tests included determining the magnetic hysteresis loop and measuring the winding impedance. The magnetic hysteresis loop has been included in the transformer model using a static Preisach model with feedback. The simulation results were compared with the measurement results.
Determination of metal content in sewage sludge and sewage sludge ash to find opportunities to use them in the construction industry
- Lesław Świerczek
- Bartłomiej Cieślik
2018 Full text World Scientific News
Sewage sludge management is becoming an increasing problem in developed and developing countries. Due to their physicochemical properties (mainly high content of heavy metals) a safe method of utilization is sought. Considering environmental protection, energy recycling, reduction in use of the raw materials and the possibility of immobilization hazardous substances, the use of ashes in building materials becomes a very good way of utilization. Both unprocessed sewage sludge and ashes after their thermal utilization can be used in the construction industry. Before using sediments and ashes, it is necessary to analyze the content of heavy metals, because they can have a negative effect, for example, on cement-stabilized products. The purpose of this work was to determine selected metals (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn, Cr, Mg, Mn, Fe) in the primary, dehydrated, digested, excess sludge and ash after his incineration to check and compare heavy metal content. The obtained data can be used to optimize the production process of cement products that contain sewage sludge at differ form, and confirm the environmental safety of proposed approaches.
Determination of Metals Content in Wine Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Mass Spectrometry
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Marcin Frankowski
- Vasil Simeonov
- Żaneta Polkowska
- Jacek Namieśnik
2018 Full text MOLECULES
Knowledge about the metal content of wine is very important, for many reasons. Depending on the element, its quantity varies in wine from ng/L to mg/L. Despite the fact that metals are not directly connected to the taste and aroma of the wine, their content should be determined and controlled, because excess is undesirable, and in some cases prohibited, due to potential toxicity. Several analytical procedures for metal determination are applied. However, due to sensitivity, low limit of detection and speed of analysis, inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) is one of the most frequently used techniques. The aim of this study was to reveal specific relationships between the wine samples or between the chemical variables in order to classify the wines according to their metal content by application of chemometric analysis. For metals content determination, two techniques, ICP-MS and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), were applied. Data obtained showed that none of the wine samples surpassed the toxic levels reported for metals in the literature, thus, these wines appeared to be safe as regards the risk associated with the potentially toxic metals intake. However, specific correlations between metals and specific aspects of the wines themselves have been found.