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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2019

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  • Blade Section Prpfile Array Lifting Surface Design Method for Marine Screw Propeller Blade
    • Przemysław Król
    2019 Full text Polish Maritime Research

    The lifting surface model is widely used in screw propeller design and analysis applications. It serves as a reliable tool for determination of the propeller blade mean line and pitch distribution. The main idea of this application was to determine the blade shape that would satisfy the kinematic boundary condition on its surface with the prescribed bound circulation distribution over it. In this paper a simplified lifting surface method is presented – in which the 3D task for the entire blade is replaced by a set of 2D tasks for subsequent blade section profiles.

  • Blast Charge Technique as a Method of Soil Improving to Locate the New Supporting Runways
    • Eligiusz Mieloszyk
    • Mariusz Wyroślak
    2019 Full text IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

    A quick and effective method of reinforcing the ground base designed for the construction of engineering structures used for performing various types of air operations was presented. It allows to use wastelands, wetlands, swamps, etc. for these purposes, thus creating a dispersed network of landing sites, increasing the access of large social groups to air transport and increasing their mobility.

  • Błedy projektowe oraz wykonawcze przyczyną uszkodzeń podłogi w pomieszczeniach nad tunelem
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Tomasz Majewski
    • Patryk Ziółkowski
    2019

    Przedmiotem artykułu jest podłoga w pomieszczeniach znajdujących się nad tunelem kolejowym w wielkopowierzchniowym Centrum Handlowym. W wyniku błędów projektowych oraz wykonawczych podłoga nie spełniała warunków bezpieczeństwa konstrukcji oraz bezpieczeństwa użytkowania. Popełnione błędy były przyczyną awarii, a w przyszłości doprowadzić mogły do katastrofy budowlanej.

  • Błędy projektowe zewnetrznego szybu dźwigu osobowego oraz ich negatywny wpływ na eksploatację budynku przychodni
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Tomasz Majewski
    • Patryk Ziółkowski
    2019

    Po 25 latach eksploatacji budynku przychodni podjęto decyzję o jego przystosowaniu dla potrzeb osób niepełnosprawnych. W związku z tym opracowano projekt budowlany zewnętrznego, dostawianego do ściany szczytowej szybu widnowego. Szyb zaprojektowany został jako murowany z pustaków ceramicznych z poziomymi przewiązkami w poziomie stropów budynku przychodni, posadowiony na żelbetowej monolitycznej płycie fundamentowej o grubości 25 cm. Ściany szybu w części zagłębionej w gruncie zaprojektowane zostały jako żelbetowe. Po 3 latach od chwili zakończenia budowy szybu zaobserwowano pierwsze usterki i uszkodzenia - widoczne było odspojenie konstrukcji szybu od ściany szczytowej budynku. Dodatkowo w trakcie eksploatacji dochodziło do powtarzających się zatrzymań (zakleszczenia) kabiny w szybie co istotnie utrudniało funkcjonowanie przychodni.

  • Boron doped Nanocrystalline Diamond-Carbon Nanospike Hybrid Electron Emission Source
    • Sankaran Kamatchi
    • Mateusz Ficek
    • Panda Kalpataru
    • Chien-Jui Yeh
    • Sawczak Mirosław
    • Jacek Ryl
    • Keh-Chyang Leou
    • Jeong Young Park
    • I-Nan Lin
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    • Ken Haenen
    2019 Full text ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

    Electron emission signifies an important mechanism facilitating the enlargement of devices that have modernized large parts of science and technology. Today, the search for innovative electron emission devices for imaging, sensing, electronics, and high-energy physics continues. Integrating two materials with dissimilar electronic properties into a hybrid material is an extremely sought-after synergistic approach envisioning a superior field electron emission (FEE) material. An innovation is described regarding the fabrication of a nanostructured carbon hybrid resulting from the one-step growth of boron doped nanocrystalline diamond (BNCD) and carbon nanospikes (CNSs) by a microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique. Spectroscopic and microscopic tools are used to investigate the morphological, bonding, and microstructural characteristics related to the growth mechanism of these hybrids. Utilizing the benefits of both the sharp edges of the CNSs and the high stability of BNCD, a promising FEE performance with a lower turn-on field of 1.3 V um-1, a higher field enhancement factor of 6780, and a stable FEE current stability lasting for 780 min is obtained. The microplasma devices utilizing these hybrids as a cathode illustrate a superior plasma illumination behavior. Such hybrid carbon nanostructures, with superb electron emission characteristics, can encourage the enlargement of several electron emission device technologies.

  • Branża IT – wyzwania związane z zarządzaniem kapitałem ludzkim
    • Beata Krawczyk-Bryłka
    2019 Full text Edukacja Ekonomistów i Menedżerów

    Artykuł dotyczy procesów zarządzania kapitałem ludzkim w firmach IT, w których największe wyzwania wiążą się z dwoma obszarami: zatrudniania i zatrzymywania specjalistów IT w organizacji. Działy HR prześcigają się w stosowaniu coraz to nowszych rozwiązań, aby pozyskać oraz motywować kompetentnych informatyków do pracy na rzecz firmy. Głównym celem artykułu jest prezentacja działań dotyczących rekrutacji oraz motywowania pracowników IT na przykładzie dwóch wybranych firm. Dokonano porównania: wartości istotnych w kulturze organizacji, metod rekrutacji i selekcji, sposobu zarządzania i roli działu HR oraz działań rozwojowych proponowanych zatrudnionym pracownikom. Wyniki zaprezentowano na tle czynników wpływających na specyfikę branży, takich jak: konkurencyjność rynku pracy, globalizacja i wirtualizacja.

  • Bridging the gap between architectural and environmental engineering education in the context of climate change
    • Lucyna Nyka
    2019 Full text World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education

    Indicated in this article is the urgent need to adjust architectural education to the challenges triggered by climate change. Although reports on the future scenarios for cities are alarming, documents that set criteria for architectural education do not indicate competencies related to climate change adaptation and mitigation, mainly by avoiding environmental engineering considerations. An immediate answer to this problem could be specifically shaped design studios that bridge the gap between architectural and environmental engineering. Proposals developed by students prove that combining architectural concepts with environmental and water management issues contribute to the spatial, ecological and social quality of a project. However, as proposed by a few, such design studios do not contribute significantly to the overall profile of a graduate architect. This may result in a lack of specialist competencies among graduates, which could substantially inhibit a process of adaptation of cities to climate change.

  • Bridging theory and practice in postgraduate education on development and planning: Gdynia Urban Summer Schools 2016-2018
    • Karolina Krośnicka
    • Piotr Lorens
    • Izabela Mironowicz
    2019 Full text World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education

    In this article, the authors discuss results achieved by the Gdynia Urban Summer School (GUSS) organised annually (between 2016 and 2018) in Gdynia, Poland. The GUSS was meant for young practitioners from various professions such as urban and regional planning, urban design, architecture, civil engineering and transport planning. The objective was to give workshop participantspractical interdisciplinary experience and to develop skills for lifelong learning. The way to achieve this is through learning by doing but, at the same time, breaking the daily routine and typical patterns of thinking, thus exchanging ideas and design experiences within a group of practitioners. The ‘interactive method’ adopted at the summer school is frequently applied in spatial planning, whereby the search is facilitated for an outside of the box approach or for unobvious answers to problems identified by local experts. An international group of young planners worked in a studio setting under the guidance of international experts. The host city of Gdynia, in return, received a finished product in the form of the final presentation and the report.

  • Buckling and initial post-local buckling behaviour of cold-formed channel member flange
    • Czesław Szymczak
    • Marcin Kujawa
    2019 Full text THIN-WALLED STRUCTURES

    The initial post-buckling behaviour of a cold-formed channel member flange after its local buckling is investigated. An axially compressed column or beam subjected to pure bending is considered. The member material is assumed to follow a linear stress-strain relationship. The governing non-linear differential equation of the problem is derived using the minimum total potential energy principle. An approximate solution for the equation is found by means of the perturbation approach, which allows obtaining the critical buckling stress and the initial post-buckling equilibrium path. The bifurcation point is shown to be symmetric and stable. The proposed analytical solution is compared with finite element method (FEM) and finite strip method (FSM) results to check the validity and range of applicability.

  • Budownictwo ogólne w ujęciu tradycyjnym
    • Erwin Wojtczak
    2019

    Budownictwo jest od najdawniejszych czasów niezwykle ważną i dynamicznie rozwijającą się dziedziną działalności człowieka. Stanowi istotną gałąź wiedzy praktycznej z zakresu inżynierii lądowej, której znajomość jest niezbędna w procesie projektowania i wznoszenia otaczających nas konstrukcji. To nauka interdyscyplinarna, korzystająca z wiedzy trzech podstawowych dyscyplin: mechaniki budowli, materiałoznawstwa oraz fizyki budowli. Tematyka książki dotyczy podstawowych rozwiązań konstrukcyjnych stosowanych na przestrzeni lat w budownictwie ogólnym. Treść została podzielona na rozdziały opisujące poszczególne elementy konstrukcji typowego budynku, od fundamentów poprzez ściany, nadproża, stropy i schody aż po dach. W książce zawarto przegląd różnorodnych technologii, kładąc główny nacisk na metody historyczne (tradycyjne, nierzadko obecnie niestosowane), pojawiają się jednak również odwołania do aktualnego stanu praktyki inżynierskiej. Szczególną uwagę należy zwrócić na podane procedury obliczeniowe, które w wielu przypadkach zostały zastąpione nowszymi, a ich zaprezentowanie ma na celu jedynie przybliżenie czytelnikowi ówczesnego stanu wiedzy technicznej.

  • Building a Nest by an Automaton
    • Jurek Czyzowicz
    • Dariusz Dereniowski
    • Andrzej Pelc
    2019

    A robot modeled as a deterministic finite automaton has to build a structure from material available to it. The robot navigates in the infinite oriented grid $Z x Z$. Some cells of the grid are full (contain a brick) and others are empty. The subgraph of the grid induced by full cells, called the {\em field}, is initially connected. The (Manhattan) distance between the farthest cells of the field is called its {\em span}. The robot starts at a full cell. It can carry at most one brick at a time. At each step it can pick a brick from a full cell, move to an adjacent cell and drop a brick at an empty cell. The aim of the robot is to construct the most compact possible structure composed of all bricks, i.e., a {\em nest}. That is, the robot has to move all bricks in such a way that the span of the resulting field be the smallest. Our main result is the design of a deterministic finite automaton that accomplishes this task and subsequently stops, for every initially connected field, in time $O(sz)$, where $s$ is the span of the initial field and $z$ is the number of bricks. We show that this complexity is optimal.

  • Building collective intelligence through experience: a survey on the use of the KREM model
    • Cecilia Zanni-Merk
    • Edward Szczerbicki
    2019 JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT & FUZZY SYSTEMS

    This article presents a survey on the use of KREM, a generic knowledge-based framework for building collective intelligence through experience. After a discussion on the disadvantages of the traditional architecture used to deploy intelligent systems, the KREM architecture (Knowledge, Rules, Experience, Meta-Knowledge) is presented. The novelty of the proposal comes from the inclusion of the capitalisation of experience and the use of meta-knowledge in the traditional architecture previously discussed. KREM improves the efficiency of traditional intelligent systems by allowing incomplete expert knowledge models to be used, gradually completing them, learning with experience. In addition, the use of meta-knowledge can guide their execution more effectively. This framework has been successfully used in various projects in different application areas, which are presented and discussed.

  • Building Information Modeling in Small and Middle Sized Buildings – Case Study
    • Beata Grzyl
    • Wojciech Migda
    • Magdalena Apollo
    2019 Full text IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering

    Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a technology designed to improve and integrate all engineering aspects in the construction design process. Tools that incorporate the idea of BIM are becoming more advanced and also more popular. Available software solutions have already reached an assumable high level of development, but still are not as widespread and used on nearly as many construction projects as could be expected. Therefore the aim of this paper is to show the advantages and limitations of BIM by looking at projects of small and middle sized buildings from the conventional (2D) and BIM approach perspective. The study was based on the present projects executed in Poland and first-hand experience. In addition, the paper also presents a literature review and the results of a survey on the level of knowledge and scope of BIM technology application in Pomerania (Poland). The results of the study indicate that, against common opinion, BIM software is not only useful for large investments, but can also be recommended for the design of small and middle sized buildings. Presented case study reveals, that the use of BIM in smaller projects also provides significant advantages, especially in the context of time consumed for the design process.

  • Building Polish space sector – from small islands of excellence to a national innovation ecosystem
    • Bogdan Wiszniewski
    2019 Full text IFAC-PapersOnLine

    In the paper a national potential of Poland to build its space industry after joining the European Space Agency (ESA) in 2012 is assessed, based on the series of survey reports published annually by POLSA since 2016. Their methodology was based on the ESA technology tree, classifying all the space-related technical knowhow and allowed identification of the most promising strengths to exploit and shortages to challenge by policymakers implementing up to the 2030 horizon the Polish Space Strategy.

  • Business Sentiment Analysis. Concept and Method for Perceived Anticipated Effort Identification
    • Nina Rizun
    • Aleksandra Revina
    2019

    Representing a valuable human-computer interaction interface, Sentiment Analysis (SA) is applied to a wide range of problems. In the present paper, the researchers introduce a novel concept of Business Sentiment (BS) as a measurement of a Perceived Anticipated Effort (PAE) in the context of business processes (BPs). BS is considered as an emotional component of BP task contextual complexity perceived by a process worker after reading the task text. PAE is interpreted as a business process (BP) key performance indicator predicting urgency, criticality and complexity of the BP task processing. Using qualitative evaluation, the researchers proved the workability of both BS concept and its effective application method to measure PAE. As practical contributions of the research, quantitative support in a form of statistical reports and qualitative support in a form of task prioritization recommendations and time management for a BP worker are suggested

  • Calculating the Partition Coefficients of Organic Solvents in Octanol/Water and Octanol/Air
    • Miroslava Nedyalkova
    • Sergio Madurga
    • Marek Tobiszewski
    • Vasil Simeonov
    2019 Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling

    Partition coefficients define how a solute is distributed between two immiscible phases at equilibrium. The experimental estimation of partition coefficients in a complex system can be an expensive, difficult, and time-consuming process. Here a computational strategy to predict the distributions of a set of solutes in two relevant phase equilibria is presented. The octanol/water and octanol/air partition coefficients are predicted for a group of polar solvents using density functional theory (DFT) calculations in combination with a solvation model based on density (SMD) and are in excellent agreement with experimental data. Thus, the use of quantum-chemical calculations to predict partition coefficients from free energies should be a valuable alternative for unknown solvents. The obtained results indicate that the SMD continuum model in conjunction with any of the three DFT functionals (B3LYP, M06-2X, and M11) agrees with the observed experimental values. The highest correlation to experimental data for the octanol/water partition coefficients was reached by the M11 functional; for the octanol/air partition coefficient, the M06-2X functional yielded the best performance. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first computational approach for the prediction of octanol/air partition coefficients by DFT calculations, which has remarkable accuracy and precision.

  • Calculation of the Effects of Implementing a DSM Electricity Demand Management Strategy Using the Example of Analysis of Changes in the Power System Load
    • Wiktoria Stahl
    • Paweł Bućko
    2019 Full text Acta Energetica

    The paper presents the impact of implementing Demand Side Management (DSM) solutions through proper management and control of the process of charging and discharging electric car batteries. As a result, the daily load curves were shaped so as to fill valleys and cut down peaks. Therefore, the implementation of power demand management solutions had a significant impact on the power system operation. The impact of DSM solutions manifested in the form of changes in the power system loads. As part of the analysis of power demand changes, indicators have been proposed that enable their description. The use of these indicators will allow one to detect and compensate for any negative effects of implementing DSM solutions.

  • Calculation of Vibrational Resonance Raman Spectra of Molecules Using Quantum Chemistry Methods
    • Julien Guthmuller
    2019

    The understanding and interpretation of experimental resonance Raman (RR) spectra can strongly benefit from theoretical simulations. These can be achieved by combining quantum chemistry (QC) methods to calculate the electronic and vibrational molecular properties, together with appropriate models and approximations to compute the Raman intensities. This chapter presents the main and most commonly employed approaches to calculate RR spectra using QC methods. It summarizes the theory of Raman scattering and provides several approximations in order to obtain practical expressions from which the Raman intensities can be calculated using QC methods. The properties of the excited states, i.e. energies, geometries, vibrational frequencies, transition dipole moments, and gradients can be calculated with QC methods. The chapter also describes different applications on molecular systems in order to assess the accuracy of the methods and to present the impact of different vibronic effects on the RR intensities.

  • Can unequal distributions of wealth influence vote choice? A comparative study of Germany, Sweden and the United States.
    • Piotr Paradowski
    • Lindsay Flynn
    2019

    It is widely accepted that income influences voting behavior. Does wealth? Is the effect similar across countries? Studies of wealth and voting behavior have not existed until recently, in part because of the absence of data on wealth holdings. The findings in this chapter indicate that wealth is related to voting behavior in some countries but not in others. The chapter models the effects of wealth on one form of voting behavior, vote choice, in three archetypal countries – the United States, Germany, and Sweden, each representing a distinct political and social welfare regime. If vote choice is predicated on wealth holdings above and beyond the effect of income, the growth in wealth inequality experienced since the 1970s serves to further polarize electoral outcomes. As other chapters in this volume point out, this polarization impedes decision making and implementation at both governmental and policy levels.

  • Can we rely on the pulse transit time - pressure relationship - models comparison
    • Artur Poliński
    • Adam Bujnowski
    • Tomasz Kocejko
    • Jerzy Wtorek
    2019

    An unobtrusive, noninvasive and continuous pressure measurement is invaluable however, still being under research and development. There are many attempts proposing an appropriate relationship between pulse pressure velocity and pressure. Fifteen different formulas, both theoretical and experimental, describing relation between blood pressure and crosssectional area of the vessel were examined. Using these formulas the relation between blood pressure and pulse transit time were derived. The results obtained show variety of dependences. For some of them an explicit derivation was not possible due to non-linear characteristics of the models. It follows from the study performed that depending on the assumptions accepted, even using the same approach, one can obtain contradictory results.