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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2019

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  • Better polynomial algorithms for scheduling unit-length jobs with bipartite incompatibility graphs on uniform machines
    • Tytus Pikies
    • Marek Kubale
    2019 Full text Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences-Technical Sciences

    The goal of this paper is to explore and to provide tools for the investigation of the problems of unit-length scheduling of incompatible jobs on uniform machines. We present two new algorithms that are a significant improvement over the known algorithms. The first one is Algorithm 2 which is 2-approximate for the problem Qm|p j = 1, G = bisubquartic|Cmax . The second one is Algorithm 3 which is 4-approximate for the problem Qm|p j = 1, G = bisubquartic|ΣC j , where m ∈ {2, 3, 4}. The theory behind the proposed algorithms is based on the properties of 2-coloring with maximal coloring width, and on the properties of ideal machine, an abstract machine that we introduce in this paper.

  • Bezpieczeństwo eksploatacyjne komina żelbetowego-studium przypadku
    • Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
    • Tomasz Majewski
    • Małgorzata Lachowicz
    • Agnieszka Morawiak
    2019 Full text

    Monografia traktuje o bezpieczeństwie eksploatacyjnym komina. Monografia na podstawie ekspertyzy dotyczącej oceny stanu technicznego komina o wysokości 100 m usytuowanego na terenie Elektrociepłowni Elbląg zlokalizowanej w Elblągu przy ulicy Elektrycznej 20a.

  • Bezprzewodowy system telemedyczny monitorujący parametry życiowe pacjenta
    • Robert Burczyk
    • Piotr Rajchowski
    • Sławomir Ambroziak
    2019 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

    Wszechobecny monitoring pacjenta jest jednym ze sposobów zniwelowania negatywnych skutków obecnego modelu opieki zdrowotnej i może być dużym krokiem naprzód w rozwoju medycyny. W niniejszym referacie przedstawiono projekt i wykonanie bezprzewodowego systemu telemedycznego, monitorującego parametry życiowe człowieka, takie jak aktywność elektryczna serca, przyspieszenie ciała oraz stan przycisku alarmowego. Składa się on z urządzenia nasobnego, stacji bazowej, komputera oraz terminala mobilnego. Przeprowadzono badania wpływu zmiennych warunków pracy na działanie sieci WBAN typu off-body, stanowiącej część wykonanego systemu.

  • Big Beautiful Buildings: Eine Schönheit, viele Maßstäbe - urbane Landschaften der Nachkriegsmoderne in Europa / Big Beautiful Buildings: one beauty, many scales - urban landscapes of the post-war modernism across Europe
    • Izabela Mironowicz
    2019

    Massive urbanization in Europe is not a phenomenon that began only in the 20th century. The roots of this process can be traced back two centuries. With the end of the Second World War the specific conjunction of powerful forces together changed the landscape of European cities. Urbanization was undoubtedly one of them. Among other factors, Musterd and van Kempen (2005) correctly itemized not only objective processes that can be measured and evaluated, such as the post-war housing shortage, a (still) high urbanization rate, especially in countries where the pre-war economy had been based on rural activities or available technology, but also specific social atmosphere. The latter includes the belief in modernity and progress, which can help to solve social or, in a broader sense, civilizational problems. Affordability of housing and equal access to public services were undoubtedly important for all European societies. These new attitude also included a demand for a higher standard of living (which obviously varied in different countries) and the important role of the state in redistributing social wealth. However, this ‘higher standard’ meant access to running water, efficient heating, and better hygienic facilities, rather than increasing living space per person. The recollections of the housing conditions of pre-wartime Europe were still fresh; it was an image that people did not look back upon fondly. Slum clearance was not happening in developing countries, it was actually an important element of housing policy in many, if not all European countries. (Murie, 2018)

  • Big Data and the Internet of Things in Edge Computing for Smart City
    • Jerzy Balicki
    • Honorata Balicka
    • Piotr Dryja
    • Maciej Tyszka
    2019

    Requests expressing collective human expectations and outcomes from city service tasks can be partially satisfied by processing Big Data provided to a city cloud via the Internet of Things. To improve the efficiency of the city clouds an edge computing has been introduced regarding Big Data mining. This intelligent and efficient distributed system can be developed for citizens that are supposed to be informed and educated by the smart agents. Besides, we suggest that these intelligent agents can be moved to the edge of the cloud and reduce the latency of the big data receiving. Finally, some numerical experiments with edge computing have been submitted to support this approach with optimization of two criteria. The first one is the CPU workload of the bottleneck computer and the second one is the communication workload of the bottleneck server.

  • "Big data" i Wielki Brat
    • Jarosław Wawer
    2019 Elektronika dla wszystkich

    Felieton popularnonaukowy dotyczący ochrony prywatności danych.

  • Big Data in Regenerative Urban Design
    • Dorota Dominika Kamrowska-Załuska
    • Hanna Obracht-Prondzyńska
    2019

    Why the use of Big Data in regenerative planning matters? The aim of this chapter is to study under what conditions Big Data can be integrated into regenerative design and sustainable planning? Authors seek to answer how – when related to the ecosystem and to human activities – Big Data can be used to: • both shape policies that support the development of regenerative human settlements, • support restorative design for practitioners working both in the public and the private sector. To achieve those goals, it is vital to integrate instruments based on Big Data in regenerative design by focusing on newer interdisciplinary processes and digital tools.

  • Bilateral multi-issue negotiation of execution contexts by proactive document agents
    • Bogdan Wiszniewski
    • Jerzy Kaczorek
    2019 Full text International Journal of Ad Hoc and Ubiquitous Computing

    A proactive document can react to its actual environment by autonomously selecting and performing actions integrated into its body and interact with its user. When migrating over a network of execution devices it may encounter diverse execution contexts, each one set up according to temporal characteristics of a receiving device and preferences of its owner. A concept to augment proactive documents with negotiation capability is proposed – to make them responsive to such dynamically changing contexts, and implemented in a system, where they can migrate as attachments to e-mail messages, owing to a dedicated e-mail client capable of handling them. Negotiation is based on a simple game-theoretic mechanism to minimise computation load on execution devices. Four negotiation algorithms are proposed and two of them evaluated in more detail in a series of experiments, when respectively, negotiating parties do not or do have knowledge on past encounters and negotiated contracts.

  • Bile salts in digestion and transport of lipids
    • Adam Macierzanka
    • Amelia Torcello-Gómez
    • Christian Jungnickel
    • Julia Maldonado-Valderrama
    2019 ADVANCES IN COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE

    Because of their unusual chemical structure, bile salts (BS) play a fundamental role in intestinal lipid digestion and transport. BS have a planar arrangement of hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties, which enables the BS molecules to form peculiar self-assembled structures in aqueous solutions. This molecular arrangement also has an influence on specific interactions of BS with lipid molecules and other compounds of ingested food and digestive media. Those comprise the complex scenario in which lipolysis occurs. In this review, we discuss the BS synthesis, composition, bulk interactions and mode of action during lipid digestion and transport. We look specifically into surfactant-related functions of BS that affect lipolysis, such as interactions with dietary fibre and emulsifiers, the interfacial activity in facilitating lipase and colipase anchoring to the lipid substrate interface, and finally the role of BS in the intestinal transport of lipids. Unravelling the roles of BS in the processing of lipids in the gastrointestinal tract requires a detailed analysis of their interactions with different compounds. We provide an update on the most recent findings concerning two areas of BS involvement: lipolysis and intestinal transport. We first explore the interactions of BS with various dietary fibres and food emulsifiers in bulk and at interfaces, as these appear to be key aspects for understanding interactions with digestive media. Next, we explore the interactions of BS with components of the intestinal digestion environment, and the role of BS in displacing material from the oil-water interface and facilitating adsorption of lipase. We look into the process of desorption, solubilisation of lipolysis, products and formation of mixed micelles. Finally, the BS-driven interactions of colloidal particles with the small intestinal mucus layer are considered, providing new findings for the overall assessment of the role of BS in lipid digestion and intestinal transport. This review offers a unique compilation of well-established and most recent studies dealing with the interactions of BS with food emulsifiers, nanoparticles and dietary fibre, as well as with the luminal compounds of the gut, such as lipase-colipase, triglycerides and intestinal mucus. The combined analysis of these complex interactions may provide crucial information on the pattern and extent of lipid digestion.

  • BIOAKTYWNE FITOZWIĄZKI W CHEMOPREWENCJI PRZEWLEKŁYCH CHORÓB NIEZAKAŹNYCH – OWOCE I WARZYWA CZY SUPLEMENTY DIETY?
    • Izabela Koss-Mikołajczyk
    • Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
    2019 Full text Żywność. Nauka. Technologia. Jakość

    Z raportu Światowej Organizacji Zdrowia (WHO) z 2014 r. wynika, że przewlekłe choroby niezakaźne (NCDs), czyli tzw. choroby cywilizacyjne, do których zalicza się m.in. choroby układu krążenia, przewlekłe choroby układu oddechowego, nowotwory, czy cukrzycę typu 2, stanowią obecnie bezpośrednią przyczynę ponad 50 % przedwczesnych zgonów na świecie. W badaniach ostatnich 20 lat dowiedziono, że sposób odżywiania jest głównym czynnikiem wpływającym na zagrożenie tymi chorobami. Z drugiej strony rosnąca wiedza konsumentów na temat właściwości chemoprewencyjnych pewnych składników żywności, przede wszystkim pochodzenia roślinnego, umożliwiła wykorzystanie niektórych roślin jadalnych w profilaktyce chorób przewlekłych. Prozdrowotne działanie tych produktów najczęściej związane jest z obecnością przeciwutleniaczy, które mogą wpływać na wiele istotnych mechanizmów biologicznych o kluczowym znaczeniu dla prawidłowego funkcjonowania organizmu ludzkiego. W licznych badaniach wykazano silne działanie fizjologiczne m.in. bioaktywnych fenoli roślinnych. Obserwacje te doczekały się komercjalizacji w postaci masowej produkcji suplementów diety wzbogaconych w substancje określane mianem przeciwutleniaczy, mimo że ich właściwości chemiczne nie zawsze uzasadniały użycie tego terminu. W badaniach epidemiologicznych dowiedziono, że nadmierne oczekiwania przedsiębiorców nie były w pełni uzasadnione. Okazało się, że wyizolowane bioaktywne fitozwiązki mogą nie być już tak skutecznymi czynnikami chemoprewencyjnymi, jak zawierające je owoce lub warzywa. W niniejszej pracy podjęto próbę krytycznej oceny takiego stanu rzeczy.

  • Bioconversion of waste materials to hydrogen via dark fermentation using Enterobacter aerogenes
    • Karolina Kucharska
    • Edyta Słupek
    • Marian Antoni Kamiński
    2019 Full text Aparatura Badawcza i Dydaktyczna

    Hydrogen can be obtained via dark fermentation with the use of anaerobic Enterobacter aerogenes. The efficiency of hydrogen production by fermentation techniques is strongly dependent on the con-ditions used i.e. the pH range, temperature, composition of fermentation broths, oxygen content, or even the presence of substances with potentially inhibitory effects on the microbiological culture [1-4]. The paper describes the study of dark fermentation in four parallel thermostatic glass bioreactors with a working capacity of 50 mL each. The research concerned differences in hydrogen productivity de-pending on the type of carbon source used. Obtained exemplary results allowed to evaluate the effec-tiveness of the process [6] in relation to the production of hydrogen from various types of raw materi-als, i.e. pure glucose, waste glycerol and alkaline meadow grass hydrolysates, obtained according to the procedure given in [5]

  • Biokonwersja materiałów odpadowych do wodoru na drodze fermentacji ciemnej z wykorzystaniem Enterobacter aerogenes
    • Karolina Kucharska
    • Edyta Słupek
    • Marian Antoni Kamiński
    2019 Full text Aparatura Badawcza i Dydaktyczna

    W drodze fermentacji ciemnej z wykorzystaniem względnych beztlenowców z gatunku Enterobacter aerogenes można otrzymać wodór. Wydajność wytwarzania wodoru technikami fermentacyjnymi jest silnie zależna od zastosowanych warunków w zakresie pH, temperatury, składu brzeczek fermentacyjnych, zawartości tlenu czy nawet obecności substancji o potencjalnie inhibitującym wpływie na hodowlę mikrobiologiczną [1-4]. W pracy opisano badania przebiegu fermentacji ciemnej w czterech wspólnie termostatowanych szklanych bioreaktorach o pojemności roboczej 50 mL. Badania dotyczyły różnic w produktywności wodoru w zależności od rodzaju zastosowanego źródła węgla. Uzyskane przykładowe rezultaty pozwoliły na ocenę efektywności procesu w odniesieniu do wytwarzania wodoru z różnego rodzaju surowców, tj. czystej glukozy, gliceryny odpadowej i hydrolizatów alkalicznych trawy polnej, uzyskanych zgodnie z procedurą opisaną przez autorów w pracy [5].

  • Biological and mechanical properties of bone cement with nanoparticles - in vivo and in vitro research
    • Beata Świeczko-Żurek
    • Marcin Wekwejt
    • Anita Kajzer
    • Wojciech Kajzer
    • Karolina Siwicka
    • Antonio Ramos
    • Michel Mesnar
    • Olive Jean-marc
    2019

    Despite antibiotics preventive treatment, before and after an implant implementation, risk of infection are real. These infections at the implant surface develop in a few months after applying them into the body. To prevent the development of bacteria and to reduce the risk of infection, implants coated with nanoparticles come into use. The Mechanical Department of the Technical University of Gdańsk carried out a research with the use of bone cement and metal nanoparticles used as an alternative to antibiotics [1-3]. Thus far, bone cement was used without supplement or with one or two drugs. These new experiments included pure bone cement with nanometals, without drugs. The titanium specimens were covered with such coating. Some specimens were inserted into rat's thigh for six weeks. Afterwars the implant was removed from the body and examined by means of scanning electron microscope. The results of the research were positive: there was a good adhesion of osteoblasts on the implant surface and there were no traces of infections. Biological researches have also been carried out. Boneless samples were places into a bacterial liquid generated by researcher (Registered patent no P409082). This liquid contains the five most common bacteria in the human body. Simultaneously mechanical and corrosion researches were carried out. A as result, this study concerns bone cement with nanoparticles, used as an alternative to antibiotics.

  • Biomarkers of alcohol consumption in body fluids - possibilities and limitations of application in toxicological analysis
    • Mateusz Kacper Woźniak
    • Marek Wiergowski
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    • Marek Biziuk
    2019 CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY

    Ethyl alcohol is the most popular legal drug, but its excessive consumption causes social problems. Despite many public campaigns against alcohol use, car accidents, instances of aggressive behaviour, sexual assaults and deterioration in labor productivity caused by inebriated people is still commonplace. Fast and easy diagnosis of alcohol consumption is required in order to introduce proper and effective therapy, and is crucial in forensic toxicology analysis. The easiest method to prove alcohol intake is determination of ethanol in body fluids or in breath. However, since ethanol is rapidly metabolized in the human organism, only recent consumption can be detected using this method. Because of that, the determination of alcohol biomarkers was introduced for monitoring alcohol consumption over a wider range of time. The markers described in this article are ethanol, its non-oxidative metabolites (ethyl glucuronide, ethyl sulfate, phosphatidylethanol, ethyl phosphate, fatty acid ethyl esters) and oxidative metabolites (acetaldehyde and acetaldehyde adducts). The objective of this study is to review published studies focusing on the sample preparation methods and chromatographic or biochemical techniques for the determination of alcohol biomarkers in whole blood, plasma, serum and urine. Authors also described issues concerning the detection window of these biomarkers, and possibilities and limitations of their use in routine analytical toxicology for monitoring alcohol consumption or sobriety during alcohol therapy.

  • Biomechanical properties of 3D-printed bone models
    • Angela Andrzejewska
    2019 BIOSYSTEMS

    Bone lesions resulting from large traumas or cancer resections can be successfully treated by directly using synthetic materials or in combination with tissue engineering methods (hybrid). Synthetic or hybrid materials combined with bone tissue’s natural ability for regeneration and biological adaptation to the directions of loading, allow for full recovery of its biological functions. Increasing interest in new production methods or various types of regenerative membranes and shaped scaffolds means that methods such as additive manufacturing can significantly accelerate the preparation of constructs used in the further biological adaptation of natural tissue. The porosity that allows not only ingrowth of the natural tissue, but also the ability of the synthetic material to transfer loadings in the skeletal system during the regeneration interval, will have a significant impact on regenerative capacities. This work presents the results of preliminary analyzes of bone models in the field of mechanical strength for monotonically and cyclically loading conditions. The determined material constants, such as ultimate tensile strength, Young modulus, and toughness or fatigue life, can be used in numerical simulations of new membranes for the regeneration of damaged bone tissue.

  • Biomolecular influenza virus detection based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy using the nanocrystalline boron-doped diamond electrodes with covalently bound antibodies
    • Katarzyna Siuzdak
    • Paweł Niedziałkowski
    • Michał Sobaszek
    • T Łega
    • Mirosław Sawczak
    • Elżbieta Czaczyk
    • Karolina Dziąbowska
    • Tadeusz Ossowski
    • Dawid Nidzworski
    • Robert Bogdanowicz
    2019 Full text SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL

    New rapid pathogen detection methods with improved cost-effectiveness and efficiency are currently in the focus of the scientists from all over the world. Based on the experiences from the rapid spread of the influenza virus pandemic in 2009 it is clear that the development of the system for early diagnosis of this infection is essential. The crucial stage of the treatment is the detection of the viral infection during its initial development phase when approximately only several dozens to hundreds of virus particles are present in the pharynx of the infected individual. The present study describes the new universal antibody-modified nanocrystalline boron-doped diamond biosensor for the direct detection of the viral particles at ultralow concentrations. Polyclonal anti-M1 antibodies (aM1) against the M1 protein, the universal biomarker of influenza virus, are attached to the surface of the diamond electrode. Capturing the M1 protein results in electrochemical impedance spectra changes. Achieved limit of detection (LOD) for the approach using M1 biomarker in saliva buffer is 5 × 10−14 g/mL, i.e., several virus particles per sample. Additionally, this assay may be soon developed into the first commercial test utilizing diamond electrodes for the detection of the influenza infection.

  • Biophilic Design: A Trend Watch
    • Karolina Zielińska-Dąbkowska
    2019 Full text ARC Lighting In Architecture

    During the 20th century, many people migrated to cities for employment and economic opportunities, abandoning farming and natural landscapes so their direct connection to the countryside and nature was lost. This process continues to this day with unprecedented urban growth, in fact, it’s estimated 68% of the world population will live in urban areas by 2050. Due to the evolutionary disposition of humans, when people live in an urban habitat they will still seek to restore their lost relationship with plants and the natural world.

  • Biopsy needles coated with the antimicrobial coatings
    • Małgorzata Borowska
    • Agata Kot-Wasik
    • Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
    2019

    Drug delivery systems are used to achieve higher therapeutic effects of medicaments in a specific diseased site with minimal toxicological effect. The used of biopolymers in drug delivery systems ensure the biocompatibility, biodegradability and low immunogenicity. Drug delivery systems enhance the drug delivery actively and can be used in different diseases. In this study, two types of polymer coatings were prepared and were applied on biopsy needles surface. High perfor-mance liquid chromatography is a very good solution to analysis of release the drug from antimicrobial coatings and it was used in this studies.

  • Biotrickling filtration of n-butanol vapors: process monitoring using electronic nose and artificial neural network
    • Bartosz Szulczyński
    • Piotr Rybarczyk
    • Milena Gospodarek
    • Jacek Gębicki
    2019 Full text MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE

    Biotrickling filtration is one of the techniques used to reduce odorants in the air. It is based on the aerobic degradation of pollutants by microorganisms located in the filter bed. The research presents the possibility of using the electronic nose prototype combined with artificial neural network for biofiltration process monitoring in terms of reduction in n-butanol concentration and odour intensity of treated air. The study was conducted using two-section biotrickling filter packed with a commercially available mixture of peat and perlite during 42 days with different n-butanol inlet concentrations, i.e., 100, 200, 400, and 800 ppm. During the tests, a concentration and odour intensity removal efficiency of around 90% and 20% was obtained, respectively. It has been shown that the highest values were obtained for an inlet n-butanol concentration of 200–400 ppm.

  • Bisphenols (A, S, and F) affect the basic hormonal activity determined for pharmaceuticals – Study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    • Błażej Kudłak
    • Monika Wieczerzak
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    2019 Full text ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

    Pharmaceuticals and analogs of bisphenol A (BPA) are increasingly threatening environmental pollutants. In this study, mixtures of selected pharmaceuticals (diclofenac sodium salt, chloramphenicol, oxytetracycline hydrochloride, fluoxetine hydrochloride, estrone, ketoprofen, progesterone, gemfibrozil and androstenedione) were prepared with BPA and its two analogs (namely, bisphenols F and S) at such ratios to reflect environmentally detectable levels. Then, the mixture solutions were studied with a XenoScreen YES/YAS assay to determine the variations in the initial hormonal response of each pharmaceutical compound due to the presence of a bisphenol analog. The results obtained were modeled with the concentration addition (CA) and independent action (IA) approaches, the trueness of which was studied with model deviation ratios (MDR). The estrogenic agonistic activity of the drugs studied was most strongly affected by the presence of BPA in solution (twenty-one cases of synergy observed for CA models versus twelve cases of antagonism in the case of IA predictions). BPS shows a strong agonistic estrogenic impact on most of the drugs studied at medium and high concentration levels; androgenic agonistic activity was also impaired with elevated concentrations of BPS.