2019 - Publications Repository - Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2019

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The impact of the temperament model on the behavior of an autonomous driver
- Zdzisław Kowalczuk
- Oskar Piechowski
- Michał Czubenko
2019 Full text IFAC-PapersOnLine
Because it is generally believed that the personality and temperament of a human driver influence his/her behavior on the road, the article presents a computational model of the temperament of an autonomous agent - a driver. First, a short review of the four ideas of Galen’s temperament in psychology is presented. Temperament traits are grouped into four other sets, one of which is chosen for implementation in the project of integration of the temperament model with the target autonomous agent. On the basis of this selection, it is proposed to modify, by introducing additional useful mechanisms of temperament, the existing model (ISD) of an autonomous robot and/or driver. In addition, other ways of extending the ISD model are indicated, as well as possible applications of the proposed system. The developed model may also be interesting for other research purposes in which the description of the human personality is important.
The Impact of Weather on Traffic Speed in Urban Area
- Jacek Chmielewski
- Marcin Budzyński
2019 Full text IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
The issue of the impact of weather conditions on trip speed of vehicles has been studied for a long time and it is still the subject of many scientific researches. The impact of atmospheric conditions on the speed with which drivers drive their vehicles seems to be obvious. Good weather conditions, sunny weather with good visibility surely provokes higher speed while rainfall, wind and visibility limitations will force drivers to reduce speed, drive with more concentration, and be more cautious. In the light of emerging new possibilities of acquiring data on vehicle speed, especially travel speed indicating the speed of trip between designated speed measurement points using modern measurement technology new researches are possible. Increasingly in the ITS systems being implemented mainly in urban areas, ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition) cameras are one of the ITS element. These cameras make it possible to determine the real time of appearance of the vehicle in the register area of the camera, thus determining both the matrix of trips between each two observation points (ANPR cameras), but also the vehicle’s ride time between successive cameras, and thus the speed of trip. In conjunction with data on weather conditions registered by several dedicated weather stations, they allow to significantly increase the research sample in terms of vehicle speed, and thus to obtain a statistically more confident inference. Thus, it gives a chance for further analysis regarding the impact of atmospheric conditions on road traffic conditions, including on travel speed and capacity of transport infrastructure. The article will present the results of empirical analyses to determine the impact of weather conditions (including temperature, ice thickness, air pressure and precipitation) on the vehicle trip speed
The influence of amorphous macrodiol, diisocyanate type and l-ascorbic acid modifier on chemical structure, morphology and degradation behavior of polyurethanes for tissue scaffolds fabrication
- Iga Gubańska
- Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
- Helena Janik
2019 POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
Studies described in this work were related to the bulk synthesis and characterization of polyurethanes (PURs) obtained with the use of cyclic 4,4′-methylene bis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI) or linear 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), amorphous α,ω-dihydroxy(ethylene-butylene adipate) macrodiol (PEBA), 1,4-butandiol (BDO) chain extender and dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) catalyst. Obtained PURs were modified with l-ascorbic acid (AA). Raw materials and modifier improving biocompatybility were carefully selected due to the planned use of obtained PURs as a tissue scaffold fabrication material. Performed chemical structure studies (FTIR, ATR-IR, 2D NMR), morphology observations (SEM, TEM and AFM) and characterization of degradation profile revealed that PURs obtained by using HDI were representing a significantly better characteristic than those obtained by using HMDI. Thus, the HDI-based PURs were suggested for further development as a materials useful for tissue scaffolds fabrication in the field of tissue engineering.
The influence of Be addition on the structure and thermal properties of alkali-silicate glasses
- Natalia Anna Wójcik
- Sharafat Ali
- Doris Möncke
- N Tagiara
- Efstratios Kamitsos
- H Segawa
- Mirva Eriksson
- Bo Jonson
2019 Full text JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS
Be-Na-(Li)-Si oxide glasses containing up to 15 mol% of BeO were prepared. Their structure was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and Raman as well as infrared spectroscopic techniques, while their chemical compositions were examined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. All materials were found to be amorphous and contain Al contaminations from minor dissolution of the alumina crucibles. The results of Raman and IR spectroscopies showed that BeO addition to Na-(Li)-Si glass systems resulted in the formation of [BeO4/2]2− tetrahedra which are inserted into the silicate glass network, demonstrating the intermediate glass-forming role of BeO. In parallel, the effective destruction of Si-O-Si bridges was observed by vibrational spectroscopy. The glass transition temperature was studied by Differential Thermal Analysis and found to range from about 431 °C to 551 °C. A significant increase in Tg by 70 °C was found as SiO2 was substituted by up to 15 mol% BeO.
The influence of dynamic load changes on temporary impedance in hydrogen fuel cells, selection and validation of the electrical equivalent circuit
- Kazimierz Darowicki
- Ewa Janicka
- Michał Mielniczek
- Artur Zieliński
- Łukasz Gaweł
- Jens Mitzel
- Jurgen Hunger
2019 Full text APPLIED ENERGY
To achieve optimal performance of a fuel cell, a reliable monitoring and diagnostic method is required. The currently utilized methods give limited information or they are impossible to use under dynamic working conditions. To obtain comprehensive information about the fuel cell operation we utilized novel dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Impedance measurements in dynamic mode were performed on a hydrogen fuel cell, working under various conditions. By utilizing this new methodology, optimum parameters for cell operation were determined. An electrical equivalent circuit for cathodic processes was determined. Presence of an interlayer, between the membrane and the catalytic layer, was postulated. The instantaneous impedance spectra were analysed under the function of current load. The complete character of the impedance spectra was revealed, and the electrical equivalent circuit was validated. The presence of the interlayer was established by impedance analysis and by a profile of platinum content changes in the membrane electrode assembly. The proposed investigation methodology provides monitoring and diagnostics of fuel cell components, which gives the possibility of streamlined management of the fuel cell operation.
The influence of global climate change on the environmental fate of anthropogenic pollution released from the permafrost
- Joanna Potapowicz
- Danuta Szumińska
- Małgorzata Szopińska
- Żaneta Polkowska
2019 Full text SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
This article presents a review of information related to the influence of potential permafrost degradation on the environmental fate of chemical species which are relased and stored, classified as potential influence in future Antarctic environment. Considering all data regarding climate change prediction, this topic may prove important issue for the future state of the Antarctic environment. A detailed survey on soil and permafrost data permitted the assumption that this medium may constitute a sink for organic and inorganic pollution (especially for persistent organic pollution, POPs, and heavy metals). The analysis of the environmental fate and potential consequences of the presence of pollutants for the existence of the Antarctic fauna leads to a conclusion that they may cause numerous negative effects (e.g. Endocrine disruptions, DNA damage, cancerogenicity). In the case of temperature increase and enhanced remobilisation processes, this effect may be even stronger, and may disturb natural balance in the environment. Therefore, regular research on the environmental fate of pollution is required, especially in terms of processes of remobilisation from the permafrost reserves.
The influence of image masks definition onsegmentation results of histopathological imagesusing convolutional neural network
- Kamil Jańczyk
- Tomasz Neumann
- Jacek Rumiński
2019 Full text
Abstract—In the era of collecting large amounts of tissue materials, assisting the work of histopathologists with various electronic and information IT tools is an undeniable fact. The traditional interaction between a human pathologist and the glass slide is changing to interaction between an AI pathologist with a whole slide images. One of the important tasks is the segmentation of objects (e.g. cells) in such images. In this study, weapplyU-netandV-netconvolutionalneuralnetworkmodelsto perform image segmentation. In particular, we analyze the role of the contour thickness in the reference (labels, masks) images on the results of image segmentation, also for the degraded images. We show the role of the proper mask deﬁnition and the results obtained for the ensemble models that use the same architecture but are trained using two sets of inverted masks.
The influence of inflation pressure and ambient temperature on the value of the truck tires rolling resistance
- Wojciech Owczarzak
- Sławomir Sommer
2019 Full text Autobusy. Technika, Eksploatacja, Systemy Transportowe
The articlediscusses the effect of inflation pressure and the ambient temperature on the value of the rolling resistance of truck tires which directly translates into fuel consumption. For this purpose, a series of measurements was made at two ambient temperatures (at 25°C and -15°C), using different pumping pressures.
THE INFLUENCE OF INTERPERSONAL MOTIVATION ON POLISH CONSUMERS’ ONLINE BRAND-RELATED ACTIVITY
- Magdalena Brzozowska-Woś
- Bruno Schivinski
2019 Argumenta Oeconomica
The development of social media has a substantial impact on the surge of social engagement of Internet users. It is particularly prominent in the domain of content creation and content sharing. Such communication may contain various references to different products brands and companies. Internet users may refer to them explicitly or brands may be present in the background only. Therefore, it is pivotal for managers and researchers to isolate the factors that may trigger consumers’ brand-related engagement in the Internet. The objective of the research was to determine whether the susceptibility to interpersonal influence (both informational and normative) stimulates the three types of group behavior associated with consumer brand-related activity in the social media. The dedicated online survey was completed by 1,025 Polish consumers and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The results demonstrate that the factors of informational social influence – irrespective of its type – directly influence the consumers’ online engagement with brands controlled for age, gender, social media and brand usage. Regardless of whether the brand communication is initiated by some organization or by the consumers themselves, an eagerness to share the content perceived as valuable on social media plays a prominent role.
The Influence of Iron Doping on Performance of SrTi1-XFexO3-δ Perovskite Oxygen Electrode for SOFC
- Aleksander Mroziński
- Sebastian Molin
- Jakub Karczewski
- Bartosz Kamecki
- Piotr Jasiński
2019 Full text ECS Transactions
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are based on electrolytes and mixed ionic and electronic conductivity (MIEC) materials. The need to reduce costs causes an increase in interest of new compounds suitable for operating temperatures between 600 °C and 800 °C. The SrTi1-xFexO3 (STF) perovskite material is a perspective material that could be used for the oxygen electrodes. In this work STF materials with different content of iron (x = 0.35, 0.5 and 0.7) have been evaluated. The paper presents synthesis, sintering properties, paste and layer preparation with preliminary electrical measurements. The results show that the electrical conductivity increases with the addition of iron, whereas the activation energy decreases. Based on these results, the applicability of STF as a potential oxygen electrode was discussed.
The influence of IT-competency dimensions on job satisfaction, knowledge sharing and performance across industries
- Wioleta Kucharska
- G. Scott Erikson
2019 Full text VINE Journal of Information and Knowledge Management Systems
Purpose – Technology makes knowledge management easier. Knowledge sharing is essential for organizational development. Job satisfaction fosters knowledge sharing. Hence, this study aims to develop an understanding of the mutual relationship between knowledge sharing and job satisfaction when both are predicted by information technology (IT)-competency dimensions such as IT-operations, IT-knowledge and IT-infrastructure in the context of company performance. Design/methodology/approach – The results were achieved based on the examination of 910 Polish knowledge workers with different roles and experiences across various sectors. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling method. Findings – The findings suggest that the company’s IT-competency drives job satisfaction and knowledge sharing more strongly for IT industry knowledge workers than for other industries. Also, a stronger mediation function of knowledge sharing and job satisfaction is observed for IT-operations when the IT industry is controlled. Originality/value – The main value of the study is the empirical evidence that the influence of a particular IT-competency dimension varies for industries when it comes to job satisfaction and knowledge sharing processes.
The Influence of Laser Alloying of Ti13Nb13Zr on Surface Topography and Properties
- Patryk Tęczar
- Beata Majkowska-Marzec
- Michał Bartmański
2019 Full text Advances in Materials Science
The laser alloying is a continually developing surface treatment because of its significant and specific structuration of a surface. In particular, it is applied for Ti alloys, being now the most essential biomaterials` group for load-bearing implants. The present research was performed on the Ti13Nb13Zr alloy subject to laser modification in order to determine the treatment effects on surface topography and its some mechanical properties like nanohardness, Young's modulus, roughness. A pulse laser Nd:YAG was applied at three different laser pulse regimes: either 700 W, 1000 W or 1000 W treatment followed by 700 W modification at a pulse duration of 1 ms. The surface topography and morphology were examined using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy with spectroscope of X-ray energy dispersion. The mechanical properties were determined by nanoindentation tests and surface roughness with a use of profilograph. The wettability was tested with a goniometer. The obtained results demonstrate complex behavior of the material surface: decrease in penetration distance and increase in hardness after first laser treatment, maintenance of this trend when machining using a higher laser pulse power, followed by an increase in penetration and decrease in hardness after additional laser treatment at lower power input, due to which a surface with fewer defects is obtained. The change in Young`s modulus follows the change in other mechanical properties, but not a change in roughness. Therefore, the observed hardening with the increase of the laser pulse power and then a small softening with the use of additional treatment with lower power can be attributed to some processes of remelting, diffusion and crystallization, sensitive to the previous surface state and heat energy flux. Despite that, the laser treatment always caused a significant hardening of the surface layer.
The Influence of Microstructure on the Passive Layer Chemistry and Corrosion Resistance for Some Titanium-Based Alloys
- Nader El-bagoury
- Sameh Ahmed
- Ola Ahmed Abu Ali
- Shimaa El-hadad
- Ahmed Fallatah
- G.a.m. Mersai
- Mohamed Ibrahim
- Joanna Wysocka
- Jacek Ryl
- Rabah Boukherroub
- Mohammed Amin
2019 Full text Materials
The effect of microstructure and chemistry on the kinetics of passive layer growth and passivity breakdown of some Ti-based alloys, namely Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-6Al-7Nb and TC21 alloys, was studied. The rate of pitting corrosion was evaluated using cyclic polarization measurements. Chronoamperometry was applied to assess the passive layer growth kinetics and breakdown. Microstructure influence on the uniform corrosion rate of these alloys was also investigated employing dynamic electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (DEIS). Corrosion studies were performed in 0.9% NaCl solution at 37 °C, and the obtained results were compared with ultrapure Ti (99.99%). The different phases of the microstructure were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Chemical composition and chemistry of the corroded surfaces were studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. For all studied alloys, the microstructure consisted of α matrix, which was strengthened by β phase. The highest and the lowest values of the β phase’s volume fraction were recorded for TC21 and Ti-Al-Nb alloys, respectively. The susceptibility of the investigated alloys toward pitting corrosion was enhanced following the sequence: Ti-6Al-7Nb < Ti-6Al-4V << TC21. Ti-6Al-7Nb alloy recorded the lowest pitting corrosion resistance (Rpit) among studied alloys, approaching that of pure Ti. The obvious changes in the microstructure of these alloys, together with XPS findings, were adopted to interpret the pronounced variation in the corrosion behavior of these materials
The Influence of PEG on Morphology of Polyurethane Tissue Scaffold
- Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
- Helena Janik
- Agnieszka Sulowska
- Agnieszka Haryńska
- Paweł Szarlej
- Sylwia Grabska-Zielińska
2019
In this study, polyurethanes (PU) were synthesized from oligomeric dihydroxy(etylene-butylene adipate), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), 1,4-butanediol (BDO) as chain extender and stannous octoate as catalyst. PEG due to its hydrophilic character influences physical and chemical properties of PU. For testing were used PU having the following weigh contents of PEG: 0%, 7%, and 14%. Porous scaffolds were prepared by the method of solvent casting and particulate leaching. The materials were subjected to miscoscopic analysis. Porosity and pore morphology were evaluated. Based on the results from experimental data, it was found that PEG influences the pore's morphology of the obtained scaffold. The scaffold containing 7% wt. of PEG showed optimal properties for tissue engineering.
The influence of robotization on the reliability of the production process in the bakery industry
- Radosław Drozd
- Jan Piwnik
2019 Aparatura Badawcza i Dydaktyczna
This article presents a new concept of technological system reliability based on the analysis of the relationship of associations of elements of energy streams, matter, information, time and finance. The method of stream specification and the method of determining the reliability values of significant and supporting relationships are given. Relevant relationships between elements of system streams were defined as having one-time reliability value. Supportive relationships have a value between zero and one. Relevant relationships are determined based on research, experience and knowledge. Pss expresses the efficiency of the production process. Pss indicates how to optimize the process by increasing the number of relationships significant between the components of the system batch streams. The Pss concept was used in research into the production efficiency of bakery X operating within the MiMPBP group. System analysis of the bakery allows a significant increase in the bread baking process reliability after using robotization. The concept of Pss stream-system reliability can be used to analyze the efficiency of technological processes and optimization in any production processes. This requires a detailed system analysis of such processes
The influence of solution annealing temperature on the properties of Lean Duplex 2101 welded joints in tubes
- Grzegorz Rogalski
- Aleksandra Świerczyńska
- Dariusz Fydrych
- Michał Landowski
2019 Full text Przegląd Spawalnictwa
The article presents a technology of TIG longitudinal welding without filler material (142) of heat exchanger tubes made of Lean Duplex 2101. The results of studies on the effect of heat treatment (solution annealing) on tensile strength, plasticity, delta ferrite and the structure of smooth tubes are shown. It was found, that the change in solution annealing temperature across the tested range has an impact on mechanical properties of welded tubes and the most advantageous solution annealing temperature (1050 °C) was determined.
The influence of the carbon equivalent on the weldability of high-strength low-alloy steel in the water environment
- Jacek Tomków
- Michalina Tomków
2019 Full text Przegląd Spawalnictwa
From many years, the high strength low alloy steels are often used for offshore constructions. This constructions, due to the environment in which they work, require more frequent repairs than the constructions from the land. For economic reasons, repairs take place in the underwater conditions, however water significantly decreases the weldability of steel. The paper presents the results of the CTS weldability test for S460ML and S460 steels, which have a similar value of the yield point, but different carbon equivalent (CeMIS) values. The welded joints were cut into specimens, which were then subjected to Vickers HV10 hardness measurements. The experiment has shown that as the CeMIS value increases, the hardness in the heat affected zone (HAZ) of joints and in the weld metal increases.
The Influence of the Co-Dopant Dexamethasone Phosphate on the Electrodeposition Process and Drug-Release Properties of Polypyrrole-Salicylate on Iron
- Karolina Cysewska
- Jakub Karczewski
- Piotr Jasiński
2019 JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
In this work, the influence of incorporation of two anti-inflammatory drugs dexamethasone phosphate and sodium salicylate on the electrodeposition process of polypyrrole (PPy) film on iron has been studied. The incorporation of the agents into PPy has been carried out in a one-step electropolymerization process on oxidizable iron. The role of each drug agent during the deposition process has been discussed. The morphological and redox properties of as-deposited PPy doped with salicylate only or with addition of differently concentrated dexamethasone phosphate have been examined. Moreover, a spontaneous (in literature called: self-powered) drug-release study of PPy on iron was investigated in a phosphate buffer saline solution at the body temperature by the UV-Vis spectrophotometry with the flow cell. The study showed that the addition of high molecular weight co-dopant into PPy influenced much the growth mechanism and final properties of the material. It had also a big impact on the drug release profile compared to a polymer doped only with one agent.
The influence of the place of residence on the behavior and transport preferences of the inhabitants of the agglomeration
- Krzysztof Grzelec
- Romanika Okraszewska
2019 Full text Transport Economics and Logistics
Transport behaviors and preferences have an impact on modal split, which is why they should form the basis for shaping the public transport offer. Achieving the goals of sustainable mobility requires taking into account differences in transport behavior and preferences characterizing residents from different areas of the agglomeration. Analyzing differences in behaviors and preferences, the possibilities and limitations resulting from the mass character of public transport services and the fact that the main determinant of the offer is the space determined by displacements in the source-target relation should be taken into account. This article identifies differences in transport behavior and preferences of residents based on the center and suburbs of the Gdańsk agglomeration. At the same time, a preliminary attempt was made to explain the causes of specific differences in residents’ behavior and transport preferences, taking into account the limited volume ofpublication. Theshare ofpublic transport intheimplementation of travel decreases with the distance of the area of residence from the center of the agglomeration. The increase in the share of rail transport in travel affects the increase in the importance of waiting time and the lack of change as a decisive factor in the selection of cars in trips. Transport preferences are strongly diversified in individual areas. Differences are noticeable even in the center areas constituting separate administrative units.
The influence of the welding environment on the properties of Tekken joints made from S355J2C+N steel
- Jacek Tomków
- Anna Janeczek
2019 Full text Przegląd Spawalnictwa
There are three main methods of underwater welding: dry, wet and intermediate between them, by using the local dry chamber. Due to low costs, the most common method is the wet welding with the use of covered electrodes. Water as a welding environment carries out a lot of problems. The first is limited visibility and instability of the welding arc. The biggest problem during underwater welding is high susceptibility to cold cracking, resulting from the increased diffusible hydrogen content in deposited metal and high stress values. In the work, Tekken joints from S355J2C+N steel were made in air and in water environment. The joints were subjected to non-destructive visual (VT) and penetrant (PT) tests. Then, macroscopic tests and hardness measurements were performed. The results confirm the literature reports that the water environment causes an increase in hardness in the heat affected zone (HAZ), which promotes the formation of cracks in welding joints.