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Gdańsk University of Technology

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Publications from the year 2020

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  • Gdańsk 2020
    • Krzysztof Wróblewski
    2020

    Na wystawie Gdańsk 2020 prezentujemy prace, które były odpowiedzią na sytuację, w jakiej znaleźli się artyści w obliczu zamrożenia działań kulturalnych, które są oddaniem emocji pierwszych tygodni izolacji. To komentarz do konkretnego czasu, ale też do sytuacji artystów i kryzysu, który przed nami, a także do sytuacji twórców w Polsce w ogóle – mówi Aleksandra Szymańska, dyrektorka Instytutu Kultury Miejskiej. Otwarcie wystawy online, która prezentuje 50 prac gdańskich artystów i artystek odbędzie się 3 czerwca o godz. 19.00 na Facebooku IKM-u oraz na portalu gdansk.pl. Prace będą dostępne na stronie www.gdansk2020.eu. Wernisaż wystawy odbędzie się online 3 czerwca o godz. 19.00 na Facebooku IKM-u: https://www.facebook.com/IKMgdansk/ oraz na www.gdansk.pl.

  • Gdańsk: a City of Solidarity and Freedom
    • Piotr Lorens
    • Izabela Mironowicz
    2020 disP

    Only a few cities can claim that they have changed Europe and indeed the World. Gdańsk is privileged to be one of them. It is not a “caprice of history” that the Solidarity movement which, in the end, got the iron curtain torn, was born in this particular place. It is a logical consequence of ten centuries of the collective wisdom of the people that built Gdańsk and the region of Pomerania. The tragic assassination of the Mayor of Gdańsk, Paweł Adamowicz, in 2019, reminds us that these values that city represents – solidarity and freedom – should be recaptured from those who want to push our cities towards other principles. Gdańsk is once again becoming a symbol of the choice we all have to face. Is the city ready to set sail towards a new destination in its stormy history?

  • Gdyński modernizm lat międzywojennych. Oblicze stylowe epoki = Modernism of the Interwar Period of Gdynia. A Picture of the Style of the Epoch
    • Maria Sołtysik
    2020

    Lata dwudzieste i trzydzieste XX wieku, a więc czas w którym Gdynia powstawała, nie są w historii architektury okresem homogenicznym. Stylistyka modernizmu lat międzywojennych - wbrew swym uniwersalistycznym założeniom ideowym - nosiła w sobie dużą różnorodność. Widzimy to zarówno w odniesieniu do Gdyni, jak i w ogóle do architektury europejskiej tego okresu. Niniejszy rozdział prezentuje cztery główne oblicza architektury modernistycznej Gdyni: wczesno modernistyczny nurt Art Déco, skrajnie awangardowy nurt funkcjonalizmu, luksusowy nurt streamline moderne oraz umiarkowanie modernistyczny nurt wertykalizmu.

  • Gender-Related Differences in Trimethylamine and Oxidative Blood Biomarkers in Cardiovascular Disease Patients
    • Laura Bordoni
    • Donatella Fedeli
    • Marco Piangerelli
    • Iwona Pelikant-Malecka
    • Adrianna Radulska
    • Joanna J. Samulak
    • Angelika K. Sawicka
    • Lukasz Lewicki
    • Leszek Kalinowski
    • Robert A. Olek
    • Rosita Gabbianelli
    2020 Full text Biomedicines

    Gender differences in the burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been observed worldwide. In this study, plasmatic levels of trimethylamine (TMA) and blood oxidative biomarkers have been evaluated in 358 men (89 controls and 269 CVD patients) and 189 women (64 control and 125 CVD patients). The fluorescence technique was applied to determine erythrocyte membrane fluidity using 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) and Laurdan, while lipid hydroperoxides were assessed by diphenyl − 1-pyrenylphosphine (DPPP). Results show that levels of plasmatic TMA were higher in healthy men with respect to healthy women (p = 0.0001). Significantly lower TMA was observed in male CVD patients (0.609 ± 0.104 μM) compared to healthy male controls (0.680 ± 0.118 μ M) ( p < 0.001), while higher levels of TMA were measured in female CVD patients (0.595 ± 0.115 μ M) with respect to female controls (0.529 ± .073 μ M) ( p < 0.001). DPPP was significantly higher in healthy control men than in women (p < 0.001). Male CVD patients displayed a lower value of DPPP (2777 ± 1924) compared to healthy controls (5528 ± 2222) ( p < 0.001), while no significant changes were measured in females with or without CVD (p > 0.05). Membrane fluidity was significantly higher ( p < 0.001) in the hydrophobic bilayer only in control male subjects. In conclusion, gender differences were observed in blood oxidative biomarkers, and DPPP value might be suggested as a biomarker predictive of CVD only in men.

  • Generalized Gradient Equivariant Multivalued Maps, Approximation and Degree
    • Zdzisław Dzedzej
    • Tomasz Gzella
    2020 Full text Mathematics

    Consider the Euclidean space Rn with the orthogonal action of a compact Lie group G. We prove that a locally Lipschitz G-invariant mapping f from Rn to R can be uniformly approximated by G-invariant smooth mappings g in such a way that the gradient of g is a graph approximation of Clarke’s generalized gradient of f . This result enables a proper development of equivariant gradient degree theory for a class of set-valued gradient mappings

  • Generation and Characterization of a DNA-GCN4 Oligonucleotide-Peptide Conjugate: The Impact DNA/Protein Interactions on the Sensitization of DNA
    • Paweł Wityk
    • Rafał Piątek
    • Dorota Kostrzewa-Nowak
    • Robert Nowak
    2020 Full text MOLECULES

    Radiotherapy, the most common therapy for the treatment of solid tumors, exerts its effects by inducing DNA damage. To fully understand the extent and nature of this damage, DNA models that mimic the in vivo situation should be utilized. In a cellular context, genomic DNA constantly interacts with proteins and these interactions could influence both the primary radical processes (triggered by ionizing radiation) and secondary reactions, ultimately leading to DNA damage. However, this is seldom addressed in the literature. In this work, we propose a general approach to tackle these shortcomings. We synthesized a protein-DNA complex that more closely represents DNA in the physiological environment than oligonucleotides solution itself, while being sufficiently simple to permit further chemical analyses. Using click chemistry, we obtained an oligonucleotide-peptide conjugate, which, if annealed with the complementary oligonucleotide strand, forms a complex that mimics the specific interactions between the GCN4 protein and DNA. The covalent bond connecting the oligonucleotide and peptide constitutes a part of substituted triazole, which forms due to the click reaction between the short peptide corresponding to the specific amino acid sequence of GCN4 protein (yeast transcription factor) and a DNA fragment that is recognized by the protein. DNAse footprinting demonstrated that the part of the DNA fragment that specifically interacts with the peptide in the complex is protected from DNAse activity. Moreover, the thermodynamic characteristics obtained using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) are consistent with the interaction energies calculated at the level of metadynamics. Thus, we present an efficient approach to generate a well-defined DNA-peptide conjugate that mimics a real DNA-peptide complex. These complexes can be used to investigate DNA damage under conditions very similar to those present in the cell.

  • Generic invariant measures for iterated systems of interval homeomorphisms
    • Wojciech Czernous
    • Tomasz Szarek
    2020 Full text ARCHIV DER MATHEMATIK

    It is well known that iterated function systems generated by orientation preserving homeomorphisms of the unit interval with positive Lyapunov exponents at its ends admit a unique invariant measure on (0, 1) provided their action is minimal. With the additional requirement of continuous differentiability of maps on a fixed neighbourhood of {0,1} { 0 , 1 } , we present a metric in the space of such systems which renders it complete. Using then a classical argument (and an alternative uniqueness proof), we show that almost singular invariant measures are admitted by systems lying densely in the space. This allows us to construct a residual set of systems with unique singular stationary distribution. Dichotomy between singular and absolutely continuous unique measures is assured by taking a subspace of systems with absolutely continuous maps; the closure of this subspace is where the residual set is found.

  • Genetic Algorithm Approach for Gains Selection of Induction Machine Extended Speed Observer
    • Daniel Wachowiak
    2020 Full text ENERGIES

    The subject of this paper is gains selection of an extended induction machine speed observer. A high number of gains makes manual gains selection difficult and due to nonlinear equations of the observer, well-known methods of gains selection for linear systems cannot be applied. A method based on genetic algorithms has been proposed instead. Such an approach requires multiple fitness function calls; therefore, using a quality index based on simulations makes gains selection a time-consuming process. To find a fitness function that evaluates, in a short time, quality indices based on poles placement have been proposed. As the observer is nonlinear, equations describing the observer dynamics have been linearized. The relationship between poles placement and real dynamic properties has been shown. A series of studies has been performed to investigate the influence of the operating point of the machine on the dynamics of the observer. It has been proven that rotor speed has a significant impact on the placement of the poles and the observer may lose stability after a rotation direction change. A method of gains modification to maintain symmetrical properties of the observer for both directions has been presented. Experimental studies of the observer during machine reverse in the open and closed-loop control system have been performed. The results show that the observer can be implemented in a sensorless drive, using the proposed gains selection method.

  • Genetic and Epigenetic Aspects of Atopic Dermatitis
    • Bogusław Nedoszytko
    • Edyta Reszka
    • Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak
    • Magdalena Trzeciak
    • Magdalena Lange
    • Justyna Jarczak
    • Marek Niedoszytko
    • Ewa Jablonska
    • Jan Romantowski
    • Dominik Strapagiel
    • Jarosław Skokowski
    • Anna Siekierzycka
    • Roman J. Nowicki
    • Iwona T. Dobrucki
    • Anna Zaryczańska
    • Leszek Kalinowski
    2020 Full text INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES

    Atopic dermatitis is a heterogeneous disease, in which the pathogenesis is associated with mutations in genes encoding epidermal structural proteins, barrier enzymes, and their inhibitors; the role of genes regulating innate and adaptive immune responses and environmental factors inducing the disease is also noted. Recent studies point to the key role of epigenetic changes in the development of the disease. Epigenetic modifications are mainly mediated by DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and the action of specific non-coding RNAs. It has been documented that the profile of epigenetic changes in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) di ff ers from that observed in healthy people. This applies to the genes a ff ecting the regulation of immune response and inflammatory processes, e.g., both a ff ecting Th1 bias and promoting Th2 responses and the genes of innate immunity, as well as those encoding the structural proteins of the epidermis. Understanding of the epigenetic alterations is therefore pivotal to both create new molecular classifications of atopic dermatitis and to enable the development of personalized treatment strategies.

  • Geographical and chronological knowledge in teaching the history of architecture
    • Aleksander Piwek
    • Tomasz Jażdżewski
    • Piotr Samól
    2020 Full text World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education

    The subject of this article is the analysis of examination results from the course, the History of Polish Architecture. These Bachelor studies present the political, economic and cultural issues of medieval and early modern architecture, and their changes over time. Basic knowledge of the administrative division and historical regions is needed for a proper understanding of the regional diversity of cultural heritage monuments in Poland. One of the tasks of the final test is to identify from pictures ten historic buildings and to provide the name, function, time of creation, architectural style, author, city and region of the pictures. Analysis of the answers shows that many students, despite their good knowledge of architecture, have problems with the correct location of not only small- and medium-sized cities, but also the largest cities and the capital. Another issue discussed in this article is the problem of students recognising architectural styles and the time of their occurrence in various regions.

  • GEOINFORMATYCZNE NARZĘDZIE DO BADANIA ZASIĘGU LOKALNYCH STACJI NADAWCZYCH RADIOFONII CYFROWEJ DAB+
    • Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
    • Ryszard J. Zieliński
    • Marek Kulawiak
    • Marcin Kulawiak
    2020 Przegląd Telekomunikacyjny + Wiadomości Telekomunikacyjne

    Kwestia zapewnienia odpowiedniego pokrycia sygnałem multipleksu jest kluczowym aspektem zarówno dla nadawców publicznych jak i prywatnych, a w szczególności lokalnych stacji zainteresowanych procesem cyfryzacji. W pracy przedstawiono geoinformatyczne narzędzie, umożliwiające badanie zasięgu lokalnych stacji nadawczych radiofonii cyfrowej DAB+. Analizę przeprowadzono dla pionierskiej w Polsce stacji LocalDAB we Wrocławiu. Wyniki opisanych prac mogą być pomocne dla naukowców i profesjonalistów działających we wspomnianej dziedzinie.

  • Geokompozyty drenażowe w odwodnieniach drogowych i kolejowych
    • Remigiusz Duszyński
    2020 Magazyn Autostrady

    Zagadnienie zagospodarowania wód opadowych i gruntowych w rejonie konstrukcji drogowych i kolejowych stanowi istotny element bezpiecznej i efektywnej eksploatacji tych obiektów. Odpowiednie wykorzystanie geokompozytów drenażowych zapewnia bezproblemową pracę konstrukcji oraz właściwą ochronę przed uszkodzeniami wynikającymi z niekontrolowanego oddziaływania wody.

  • Geometry of cycling track
    • Maciej Solarczyk
    2020 Full text Budownictwo i Architektura

    The paper describes the problems related to shaping of the geometry of the cycling track. The method of selection of the angle at the track curve is presented. Issues related to the selection of the appropriate transition curve and the superelevation section along the transition curve are presented. Reference to the recommendations presented in the literature and scientific papers has been made. Special attention to the need of consideration of the subjective feelings of the cyclist is paid. The paper describes the guidelines of the International Cycling Union (UCI) on shaping the geometry of the cycling track.

  • Geospatial Coverage and Signal Quality Measurements of Terrestrial DAB+ Network in Northern Poland
    • Przemysław Falkowski-Gilski
    • Marek Kulawiak
    • Marcin Kulawiak
    2020

    Modern signal coverage maps are prepared based on industry-standard radio propagation models, which take into account a number of parameters, including: type of antenna, distance from the transmitter, type of terrain, etc. However, such simulations are prone to location-specific inaccuracies, and should be verified with in-situ measurements. This paper presents results of a field test of a terrestrial DAB+ (Digital Audio Broadcasting plus) network in the metropolitan area of the Tricity, the largest agglomeration in Northern Poland. Obtained results were compared to previously generated radio signal coverage maps. The study shown that terrain topology has a profound impact on signal strength, and should be more accurately implemented in coverage modeling, particularly in order to provide a stable and reliable high-quality connection.

  • Geosyntetyki w funkcji zbrojenia
    • Angelika Duszyńska
    2020 Geoinżynieria, Drogi, Mosty, Tunele

    Wymiarowanie geosyntetyków pełniących funkcję zbrojenia gruntu nasypowego polega na dobraniu wyrobów spełniających stosowne warunki stateczności zewnętrznej i wewnętrznej konstrukcji, które zagwarantują zachowanie integralności konstrukcji i bezpieczną współpracę zbrojenia oraz gruntu w projektowanym okresie użytkowalności. Prawidłowe zaprojektowanie budowli ziemnej zbrojonej geosyntetykami wymaga szczegółowych i rzetelnych danych dotyczących zbrojenia. Należą do nich przede wszystkim: - wytrzymałość geosyntetyku na rozciąganie z uwzględnieniem pełzania w projektowym okresie użytkowania, - wpływ uszkodzeń w trakcie wbudowania zbrojenia i zagęszczania gruntu (kruszywa), - wpływ oddziaływań środowiskowych itp.

  • GIUSEPPE VOLPI. IL GRANDE MEDIATORE TRA ISTITUZIONI, POLITICA ED ECONOMIA
    • Luciano Segreto
    2020 Studi Storici

    Giuseppe Volpi di Misurata represented a mediation point between different interests both in the economic field and in the complex national – but also regional and local – political balance that long underpinned the fascist regime. This article intends to revisit this figure between the 1920s and the Second World War. The attempt will be made to identify, through an approach that will be chronological and thematic, the passages that led Volpi to embody the ideal prototype of the mediator between different economic and political interests. In his relationship with the institutions and with the fascist government the paper will identify the elements that made him – to the eyes of many, in Italy as well as abroad – a potential successor to Mussolini in the event of a regime crisis.

  • Global Optimization for Recovery of Clipped Signals Corrupted With Poisson-Gaussian Noise
    • Arthur Marmin
    • Anna Węsierska
    • Marc Castella
    • Jean-Christophe Pesquet
    2020 IEEE SIGNAL PROCESSING LETTERS

    We study a variational formulation for reconstructing nonlinearly distorted signals corrupted with a Poisson-Gaussian noise. In this situation, the data fidelity term consists of a sum of a weighted least squares term and a logarithmic one. Both of them are precomposed by a nonlinearity, modelling a clipping effect, which is assumed to be rational. A regularization term, being a piecewise rational approximation of the ℓ0 function provides a suitable sparsity measure with respect to a preset linear operator. We propose a global optimization approach for such a problem. More specifically, it is first transformed into a generalized moment problem by introducing some auxiliary variables. Then, a hierarchy of semidefinite programming relaxations is built. Numerical examples show the good performance of the proposed approach.

  • Golden artefacts, resin figurines, body adhesives and tomb sediments from the pre-Columbian burial site El Caño (Gran Coclé, Panamá): tracing organic contents using molecular archaeometry
    • Joeri Kaal
    • María Martín Seijo
    • César Oliveira
    • Ewa Wagner-Wysiecka
    • Victoria E. McCoy
    • Mónica M. Solórzano Kraemer
    • Alexander Kerner
    • Philip Wenig
    • Carlos Mayo
    • Julia Mayo
    2020 Full text Journal of Archaeological Science

    This research aimed to determine the origin of organic residues from funerary contexts in the El Ca~no settlement (Gran Cocl�e area, Panam�a, Central America) by means of multiple molecular probing techniques (GC-MS of organic solvent extracts and pyrolysis-GC-MS, THM-GC-MS and FTIR of solid samples). The samples include particles of precious resin figurines, fillings of golden objects, tomb sediments, plant exudates from extant plants (reference collection) and other reference materials (amber). The labdane diterpene fingerprints (eperuic, isoozic, copalic and kolavenic acids and derivatives) of the resin figurines, a resinous bead and several other samples, suggest that they were composed primarily of Hymenaea resin. Besides traditional interpretation approaches (visual comparison of chromatograms and relative proportions data), we used a novel OpenChrom® application that resolves complex pyrolysis chromatograms by screening data from archaeological samples for marker products defined on the basis of a reference collection (ChromIdent). ChromIdent confirmed the Hymenaea origin of many samples and also Burseraceae resin was identified in some samples, which is present as a minor ingredient in resin figurines (indicative of mixing practices) and as the dominant resin in tomb sediment that had been in contact with the corpses (indicating balsaming practices). The degree of polymerization of the Hymenaea resin was higher than for extant resin but diagenetic alteration (especially condensation of cyclic moieties) was much smaller than for amber, implying that the manufacturers used resin (or copal), not amber. These results were confirmed by FTIR, which allowed identification of non-fossil Hymenaea resin as the main constituent of one of the resin figurines. Several golden object infillings contained wax derivatives, probably beeswax, accompanied by various types of plant resin, which may well indicate the use of meliponines’ cerumen for manufacturing (lost-wax casting). The findings highlight the potential of complementary molecular techniques to resolve questions on materials and manufacturing of archaeological artefacts, and the need for crosscomparison of molecular and ethnographic information in the study of archaeobotanical remains and the processes involved in their management.

  • Graph classes generated by Mycielskians
    • Mieczysław Borowiecki
    • Piotr Borowiecki
    • Ewa Drgas-Burchardt
    • Elżbieta Sidorowicz
    2020 Full text Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory

    In this paper we use the classical notion of weak Mycielskian M'(G) of a graph G and the following sequence: M'_{0}(G) =G, M'_{1}(G)=M'(G), and M'_{n}(G)=M'(M'_{n−1}(G)), to show that if G is a complete graph oforder p, then the above sequence is a generator of the class of p-colorable graphs. Similarly, using Mycielskian M(G) we show that analogously defined sequence is a generator of the class consisting of graphs for which the chromatic number of the subgraph induced by all vertices that belong to at least one triangle is at most p. We also address the problem of characterizing the latter class in terms of forbidden graphs.

  • Green Chromatography: State-of-the-art, Opportunities and Future Perspectives
    • Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
    • Magdalena Fabjanowicz
    • Kaja Kalinowska
    • Jacek Namieśnik
    2020

    It is well known that chromatographic procedures could have a significant impact on the environment if laboratory practice is not in line with the principles of green analytical chemistry (GAC). However, chromatographic techniques have the potential to be greener in all steps of the analysis. The approaches used to make chromatographic separations greener differ depending on the type of chromatographic method. This chapter considers the ways in which chromatography can become greener. Liquid and gas chromatography are compared from the GAC point of view. In addition, the importance of miniaturization in sample preparation and chromatographic separations is pointed out. On-line process analysers and portable chromatographs are also discussed.