2016 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Social development and ICT adoption. Recent evidence from developing world
- Ewa Lechman
- Harleen Kaur
2016 Pełny tekst Economics & Sociology
This paper is designed to provide empirical evidence on the relationship between the process of ICT diffusion and social development across selected low-income and lowermiddle- income countries during the period of 2000 and 2014. It main target it so identify whether in low-income and lower-middle-income economies, ICT development and social development (social empowerment) are correlated.
Social entrepreneurship and its hybridity determining resource challenges and chances
- Marzena Starnawska
2016 STUDIA OECONOMICA POSNANIENSIA
In this conceptual paper, the author aims to grasp what are the particular challenges and opportunities in social entrepreneurship, in terms of resource access and mobilization, considering the hybrid nature of social enterprise. To this end, the author points to the nature of hybridity and discusses what advantages and disadvantages are inherent in financial, human and physical resources access for social enterprises as hybrid organizations. This discussion is enriched by analysing intangible resources such as relational, institutional and cultural ones, that distinguish social entrepreneurship as institutional type of entrepreneurship too.
Social Entrepreneurship Avenues for the Field Development through Research Paradigm Intersection Discussion
- Marzena Starnawska
2016 Pełny tekst Humanities and Social Sciences
The aim of this paper is to identify and provide key arguments for employing integrative approach in the choice of research paradigm for studying social entrepreneurship phenomenon. The fact that social entrepreneurship as a field of research is at its preliminary stage, serves as argument and gives freedom in the discussion of the choice of employing a research paradigm. The author does so through identifying commonalities and converging points that serve as argument for employing different research paradigms in social entrepreneurship as a subfield of entrepreneurship research. In the first part of the paper the reader is introduced into the concept of social entrepreneurship and introduce the development of this field. Subsequently, societal dimension of the social entrepreneurship phenomenon is highlighted, with emphasis on the importance of intangible elements of the process, cauldron of social interactions, contextuality and processual nature of social entrepreneurship phenomenon. This is followed by the overview the key research paradigms and discussion on a potential of all four approaches in pushing the boundaries of the subfield further.
Social Entrepreneurship Research – Challenges, Explanations and Suggestions for the Field Development
- Marzena Starnawska
2016 Pełny tekst Problemy Zarządzania
Employing critical review and reflection on the key literature in the area of entrepreneurship and management studies in social entrepreneurship field, this paper aims to outline the current challenges this field is facing, while introducing related explanations and suggesting required changes. The current field of social entrepreneurship research is at its nascent stage, which is determined by ongoing definitional debates and low legitimacy in the scholarship, leading to limited theory development. The key challenge lies in the lack of consistent theory and resulting limited research infrastructure. Both do not allow for outlining the scope of the phenomenon and embarking on comparative studies. What lies behind these challenges is the complexity and diversity of the social entrepreneurship phenomenon and academic discourses. There are significant institutional and economic differences between individual countries and regions, which in the end lead to an endless definitional debate. The debate itself generates challenges in developing the research infrastructure, which pushes for more functionalist approach in research. At the same time, there is a strong need to employ the contribution of other, affiliated and further disciplines, not limited to entrepreneurship and management, feeding on sociology, anthropology, political science, economics. Their conceptual framework, research methods, particularly from sociology, serve as a useful framework for the field development. In the end, this may generate scholarly interest in moving towards other research paradigms, employing subjectivist approaches, or assuming radical change in the society. Moving beyond the dominant functionalist paradigm may give voice to so far marginalized initiatives and ventures in social entrepreneurship. This, in result, could develop social entrepreneurship research field.
Sodium alginate decreases the permeability of intestinal mucus
- Alan Mackie
- Adam Macierzanka
- Kristi Aarak
- Neil Rigby
- Roger Parker
- Guy Channell
- Stephen Harding
- Balazs Bajka
2016 Pełny tekst FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
In the small intestine the nature of the environment leads to a highly heterogeneous mucus layer primarily composed of the MUC2 mucin. We set out to investigate whether the soluble dietary fibre sodium alginate could alter the permeability of the mucus layer. The alginate was shown to freely diffuse into the mucus and to have minimal effect on the bulk rheology when added at concentrations below 0.1%. Despite this lack of interaction between the mucin and alginate, the addition of alginate had a marked effect on the diffusion of 500 nm probe particles, which decreased as a function of increasing alginate concentration. Finally, we passed a protein stabilised emulsion through a simulation of oral, gastric and small intestinal digestion. We subsequently showed that the addition of 0.1% alginate to porcine intestinal mucus decreased the diffusion of fluorescently labelled lipid present in the emulsion digesta. This reduction may be sufficient to reduce problems associated with high rates of lipid absorption such as hyperlipidaemia.
SOLAP GIS in maritime research
- Krzysztof Drypczewski
- Andrzej Stepnowski
2016 Pełny tekst HYDROACOUSTICS
Multidimensional Geographical Information System is a system especially designed to acquire, distribute, analyze and visualize complicated spatio-temporal data. Modern Geographical Information System technology can provide easy-to-use, near real-time solutions to many problems from different areas of research. In the article, authors summarize recent works on Spatial Online Analytical Processing (SOLAP) and multidimensional Geographical Information System (GIS), discuss its capabilities and data structures used in spatio-temporal datasets, and propose its possible applications in maritime research.
Solid phase microextraction–comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry: a new tool for determining PAHs in airport runoff water samples
- Anna Sulej-Suchomska
- Żaneta Polkowska
- Tomasz Chmiel
- Tomasz Dymerski
- Zenon Kokot
- Jacek Namieśnik
2016 Pełny tekst Analytical Methods
fundamental aspect of airport operations is the pollution caused by airport runoff waters. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are one of the most important groups of xenobiotics which are commonly found in runoff water originating from airports. Only very limited data on the analysis of airport runoff water have been published until now. Therefore, a reliable and accurate analytical method based on headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) coupled with comprehensive twodimensional gas chromatography with time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC GC-TOF-MS) for simultaneous determination of 16 PAHs in airport runoff water was developed. The optimization of the HS-SPME procedure resulted in the following extraction conditions: extraction time of 45 min, temperature of 70 C, salt addition of 3.0 g, and desorption time of 10 min at 270 C. The recovery values obtained using this method (63–108%) mostly fell within the acceptable range for the analytical procedures.
Solvation of alkaline earth metal ions in N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide – A volumetric and acoustic study
- Dorota Warmińska
- Daniel Lundberg
2016 JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
Densities and sound velocities at temperatures (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15) K of magnesium(II), calcium(II) and strontium(II) rifluoromethanesulfonates (triflates), as well as barium(II) perchloratein N,N-dimethylformamide (dmf) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (dma) have been measured over the composition range studied. From these results, apparent molar volumes and apparent molar isentropic compressibilities at infinite dilution, as well as expansibilities have been evaluated. The results have been discussed in terms of ion–solvent interactions and coordination number.
Solving highly-dimensional multi-objective optimization problems by means of genetic gender
- Tomasz Białaszewski
- Zdzisław Kowalczuk
2016
Paper presents a computational optimization study using a genetic gender approach for solving multi-objective optimization problems of detection observers. In this methodology the information about an individual gender of all the considered solutions is applied for the purpose of making distinction between different groups of objectives. This information is drawn out of the fitness of individuals and applied during a current parental crossover in the performed evolutionary multi-objective optimization (EMO) processes.
SOME CONVERGENCE PROPERTIES OF THE SUM OF GAUSSIAN FUNCTIONALS
- Agnieszka Wałachowska
2016 Pełny tekst Demonstratio Mathematica
In the paper, some aspects of the convergence of series of dependent Gaussian sequences problem are solved. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the convergence of series of centered dependent indicators are obtained. Some strong convergence results for weighted sums of Gaussian functionals are discussed.
SOME PROBLEMS OF SUPPORTING OFFSHORE WIND TURBINES
- Jarosław Przewłócki
- Piotr Iwicki
2016
Basic problems of foundations of sea wind turbines are considered in this paper. This aims to search for solutions to optimize supporting of the offshore turbines with a size greater than 10 MW. The types of foundations, their basic features, including most important dimensions, applications as well as general design considerations are discussed. Numerical model of the offshore turbine and some preliminary computations for a case of gravity foundation are presented.
Some variations of perfect graphs
- Magda Dettlaff
- Magdalena Lemańska
- Gabriel Semanišin
- Rita Zuazua
2016 Pełny tekst Discussiones Mathematicae Graph Theory
We consider (ψk−γk−1)-perfect graphs, i.e., graphs G for which ψk(H) =γk−1(H) for any induced subgraph H of G, where ψk and γk−1 are the k -path vertex cover number and the distance (k−1)-domination number, respectively. We study (ψk−γk−1)-perfect paths, cycles and complete graphs for k≥2. Moreover, we provide a complete characterisation of (ψ2−γ1)-perfect graphs describing the set of its forbidden induced subgraphs and providing the explicit characterisation of the structure of graphs belonging to this family.
Sonochemia czyli ultradźwięki w laboratorium
- Katarzyna Owczarek
- Błażej Kudłak
- Jacek Namieśnik
2016 Analityka: Nauka i Praktyka
wykorzystywana jako czynnik wspomagający przebieg różnych operacji i procesów. W artykule przedstawiono informacje o ultradźwiękach oraz o możliwościach ich wykorzystania w laboratorium analitycznym.
Sonochemia, czyli ultradźwięki w laboratorium - część II.
- Katarzyna Owczarek
- Błażej Kudłak
- Jacek Namieśnik
2016 Analityka: Nauka i Praktyka
Wykorzystanie ultradźwięków, jako energii pomocniczej, na etapie przygotowania próbek do analizy jest doskonałym przykładem stosowania zasad Zielonej Chemii Analitycznej. Dynamiczny rozwój technik ekstrakcyjnych i mikroekstrakcyjnych zapewnia bardziej efektywną i wydajną czasowo ekstrakcję szerokiej gamy analitów z próbek o skomplikowanym składzie matrycy.
Sopot - is it possible to retain the unique image of the city?
- Jacek Poplatek
- Jarosław Bąkowski
2016
Sopot is the best-known seaside resort in Poland. The city is unique with regard not only to its location and natural values, but also its interesting architecture, which dates back to the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The relic of that era is the largest in the country number of buildings characteristic for the Northern European seaside resorts. The architecture of historic Sopot is dominated by eclectic influences, including mainly the features of Neo-gothic and Art-Nouveau. Sopot architecture is distinguishable by its richness of form, including wooden verandas, turrets, bay windows and architectonic details. The unique image of the city, which is a mosaic of landscape values and architecture from the turn of the 20th century constitutes valuable cultural heritage and its preservation is extremely important. After the Second World War the majority of private tenement houses, residences and even single-family houses became municipal property. The communist authorities, due to the permanent economic crisis, were not able to maintain in appropriate condition the buildings which had been taken over by the state. The circumstances were equally unfavourable for public utility buildings – long-lasting disregard for architecture from the turn of the 20th century did not promote solicitous attitude towards historic buildings and, in extreme cases, led to their demolition in the course of misconceived “city clean-up”. This was the situation until the beginning of the 1990’s, when Poland regained its sovereignty and became a fully democratic country. Revitalisation activities aimed at revival of the former splendour and cultural value of historic architecture in Sopot were launched. Since 1997 investment plans of Sopot residents have been supported by local programmes, whose aim is to give financial aid to condominiums. Municipal authorities have been intensifying their activities aimed at obtaining investors, and participate in realisation of investment goals. Do the undertakings of municipal authorities, investors and architects translate into the quality of architecture and town-planning? This article analyses the changes which have taken place over the past 25 years and attempts to provide an answer to the question posed in the title.
Spatial variability of throughfall in a stand of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) with deciduous admixture as influenced by canopy cover and stem distance
- Anna Kowalska
- Boczoń Andrzej
- Robert Hildebrand
- Żaneta Polkowska
2016 JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
Vegetation cover affects the amount of precipitation, its chemical composition and its spatial distribution, and this may have implications for the distribution of water, nutrients and contaminants in the subsurface soil layer. The aim of this study was a detailed diagnosis of the spatio-temporal variability in the amount of throughfall (TF) and its chemical components in a 72-year-old pine stand with an admixture of oak and birch. The spatio-temporal variability in the amount of TF water and the concentrations and deposition of the TF components were studied. The components that are exchanged in canopy (H+, K, Mg, Mn, DOC, NH4 + ) were more variable than the components whose TF deposition is the sum of wet and dry (including gas) deposition and which undergo little exchange in the canopy (Na, Cl, NO3 , SO4 2). The spatial distribution was temporally stable, especially during the leafed period. This study also investigated the effect of the selected pine stand characteristics on the spatial distribution of throughfall and its chemical components; the characteristics included leaf area index (LAI), the proportion of the canopy covered by deciduous species and pine crowns, and the distance from the nearest tree trunk. The LAI measured during the leafed and leafless periods had the greatest effect on the spatial distribution of TF deposition. No relationship was found between the spatial distribution of the amount of TF water and (i) the LAI; (ii) the canopy cover of broadleaf species or pines; or (iii) the distance from the trunks.
Spectral Finite Element Method in Condition Monitoring and Damage Detection
- Łukasz Doliński
- Marek Krawczuk
- Magdalena Palacz
- Arkadiusz Żak
2016
It is well known that the dynamic behaviour of engineering structures may carry very important and crucial information that can be further used for the assessment of their condition as well as detection of any damage induced. The current interest in monitoring techniques based on the propagation of guided elastic waves requires that numerical techniques used for modelling the phenomena associated must shift into the realm of high frequency dynamics in contrast to traditional low frequency dynamic modal analysis. However, high frequency dynamics may present serious difficulties, which may have their origin in the numerical approach used. In that light the aim of the current work is to present certain results obtained by the authors related to two different spectral finite element approaches (frequency-domain and time-domain) for condition monitoring and damage detection of various engineering structures including simple 1-D and 2-D structures as well as complex 3-D structures. Also an effective numerical technique based on the application of an absorbing layer with increasing damping (ALID) for propagation of guided elastic waves in infinite or semi-infinite engineering structures of complex geometries is presented. Its concept has been not only presented by the authors, but certain relations between the layer properties and the characteristics of propagating elastic waves have been given that can help to maximise the layer performance in terms of its damping capability. Beside the assessment of the effectiveness of the numerical techniques used by the authors various numerical issues and problems that can be encountered during numerical simulations and that can strongly influence their accuracy or even determine their existence are discussed and presented.
Spectral reflectance and transmission modeling of multi-cavity Fabry-Pérot interferometer with ZnO thin films
- Marzena Hirsch
- Agnieszka Szreder
2016
In this paper spectral reflectance and transmission of a low-coherence fiber-optic Fabry-Pérot interferometer with thin ZnO layers is analyzed using a multi-cavity approach. In the investigated setup two standard single-mode optical fibers (SMF-28) with thin ZnO films deposited on their end-faces form an extrinsic Fabry-Pérot interferometer with air cavity. Calculations of the spectral response of the interferometer were performed for different thickness of the layers (50, 100, 150, 200 nm). Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that the use of ZnO thin films improves the reflectance of the interferometer. Moreover, addition of another cavity can make it possible to perform sensing of two different quantities (e.g. temperature and refractive index). The optimal lengths of the Fabry-Pérot cavities were selected using the results of modelling for achieving the best performance in a sensing application.
Spectroscopic Study of Plasma Polymerized a-C:H Films Deposited by a Dielectric Barrier Discharge
- Thejaswini Chandrashekaraiah
- Robert Bogdanowicz
- Eckart Rühl
- Vladimir Danilov
- Jürgen Meichsner
- Steffen Thierbach
- Rainer Hippler
2016 Pełny tekst Materials
Plasma polymerized a-C:H thin films have been deposited on Si (100) and aluminum coated glass substrates by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) operated at medium pressure using C2Hm/Ar (m = 2, 4, 6) gas mixtures. The deposited films were characterized by Fourier transform infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (FT-IRRAS), Raman spectroscopy, and ellipsometry. FT-IRRAS revealed the presence of sp3 and sp2 C–H stretching and C–H bending vibrations of bonds in the films. The presence of D and G bands was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. Thin films obtained from C2H4/Ar and C2H6/Ar gas mixtures have ID/IG ratios of 0.45 and 0.3, respectively. The refractive indices were 2.8 and 3.1 for C2H4/Ar and C2H6/Ar films, respectively, at a photon energy of 2 eV.
Spectrum-based modal parameters identification with Particle Swarm Optimization
- Marek Galewski
2016 MECHATRONICS
The paper presents the new method of the natural frequencies and damping identification based on the Artificial Intelligence (AI) Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm. The identification is performed in the frequency domain. The algorithm performs two PSO-based steps and introduces some modifications in order to achieve quick convergence and low estimation error of the identified parameters’ values for multi-mode systems. The first stage of the algorithm concentrates on the natural frequencies estimation. Using the information about the natural frequencies, measurement data are filtered and corrected dampings as well as amplitudes are calculated for each preliminary identified mode. This allows regrouping particles to the area around proper parameters values. Particle regrouping is based on the physical properties of modally tested structures. This differs the algorithm from other PSO based algorithms with particles regrouping. In the second stage of the algorithm parameters of all modes are tuned together in order to adjust estimates. The procedure of identification, as well as the appropriate algorithm, is presented and some SISO examples are provided. Results are compared with the results obtained for the selected, already developed modal identification methods. The paper presents practical application of AI method for mechanical systems identification.