2019 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Publikacje z roku 2019

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Application of ion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection for the determination of trace cyanide in biological samples, including breast milk
- Ewa Jaszczak-Wilke
- Krystyna Kozioł
- Bogumiła Kiełbratowska
- Żaneta Polkowska
2019 JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
Cyanide (CN) is the biomarker of exposure to the components of tobacco smoke, although its presence in biological samples is also due to the consumption of products containing cyanogenic glycosides. In this work, we determine the concentration of the free cyanide in urine, saliva and breast milk matrices, using ion chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (IC-PAD). IC-PAD is an emerging method, with only few documented applications in urine and saliva, and the presented determination in breast milk is its first published report for any method. The biological samples, which were obtained from women staying in a maternity ward, showed cyanide concentrations spanning 1.82–98.47 μg L-1. Under the optimized chromatographic conditions, the IC-PAD system exhibited satisfactory repeatability (R <3%, n=3) and good linearity in the range of 1–100 μg L-1. Thus, it proved to be an effective tool for monitoring trace cyanide concentration in a series of human body fluid matrices, including breast milk. This last matrix is especially important due to the possible effect on infant health related to the mothers’ smoking habits.
Application of ionic liquids in microextraction techniques: Current trends and future perspectives
- Renata Marcinkowska
- Karolina Konieczna
- Łukasz Marcinkowski
- Jacek Namieśnik
- Adam Kloskowski
2019 TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Ionic liquids (ILs) with their unique properties found so far numerous analytical applications. Among them ILs both in their liquid form and immobilized on the surface or within the pores of a solid support were successfully utilized in microextraction techniques. The scope of this review will cover a comprehensive summarizing of available literature data on selected properties of ILs playing a key role in analytical purposes, methods of their implementation in microextraction techniques as liquid or solid/stationary extraction media and finally, the most recent examples of application of ILs-based microextraction techniques in preconcentration of analytes from food, environmental and biological samples. The work will be concluded with directions for further investigation in this field.
Application of method of differential magnetometric system for detection of sunken objects
- Mirosław Wołoszyn
2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF APPLIED ELECTROMAGNETICS AND MECHANICS
This paper presents a magnetometric system with scalar sensors mounted on two independent platforms, which is used to detect sunken shipwrecks. Increasing the distance between the sensors allows for more precise measurement of the difference in the magnetic induction module than in the case of sensors mounted e.g. on the aeroplane’s wings. This type of system makes it possible to enlarge detection range of the sunken wrecks.
Application of micellar electrokinetic chromatography for detection of silver nanoparticles released from wound dressing
- Marek Konop
- Ewa Kłodzińska
- Joanna Borowiec
- Anna Laskowska
- Joanna Czuwara
- Piotr Konieczka
- Bartłomiej Cieślik
- Emilia Waraksa
- Lidia Rudnicak
2019 ELECTROPHORESIS
The recent emergence of nanotechnology has provided a new therapeutic modality in case of silver nanoparticles. Dressings containing silver form the basis for the treatment of burns and wounds, either acute or chronic ones. The aim of the study was to examine silver release from the different wound dressings: commercially available (Atrauman Ag, Aqua- cel Ag) and experimental (FKDP-AgNPs) using MEKC. In order to characterize prepared keratin based wound dressing before and after its modification with AgNPs, a compo- sitional analysis was conducted using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Nanosilver toxicity was evaluated with the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2- (4 sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium test. Silver release from wound dressings was assessed using MEKC. The best separation was observed for MEKC in 20 mM borate buffer at pH 9 with 20 mM SDS addition. In vitro studies showed silver at higher concentration than 10 ppm exerted a toxic effect on fibroblasts isolated from diabetic mice versus. NIH/3T3 and BJ cell lines (p 0.05). We observed silver was released more gradually from ex- perimental FKDP-AgNPs wound dressing, in compare to commercially available wound dressings. The fast and low-cost method utilizing MEKC can be used in clinical practice to detect silver release from the wound dressings
Application of multi-criteria method to assess the usefulness of a hydrotechnical object for floating housing
- Emilia Miszewska
- Maciej Niedostatkiewicz
2019 Pełny tekst IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering
This publication presents the analysis of three hydrotechnical objects located in the Municipality of Gdańsk with a view of mooring Floating Houses. The assessment of the adaptation of a hydrotechnical object has been carried out by a multi- criteria method AHP and using the main criteria such as: mooring system, communication with the mainland, availability of the utility networks, waste disposal and location of the parking spaces. The analysis allowed to conclude that there are no hydrotechnical objects in Gdańsk, which would be fully adapted to mooring of Floating Houses without additional infrastructure investments. The most adapted site out of the three ones considered in the Municipality of Gdańsk is location no. 1 – the Rybackie Pobrzeże.
Application of nanofluids in thermal technologies
- Janusz Cieśliński
2019
Nanofluids it is a relatively new category of thermal fluids that can serve as coolants, both in single- and two phase systems. However application of nanofluids in industrial applications requires faultless their thermophysical properties. Existing models originally developed for liquid/solid particles mixtures (slurries) fail in case of nanofluids. Moreover correlations used to calcuate heat transfer coefficients of conventional fluids can not be used in case of nanofluids as well. Therefore comprehensive investigations of thermophysical properties of nanofluids as well as studies concerning heat transfer of nanofluids are still indispensable. In this paper reults of the simultaneous measurements of essential thermophysical properties like dynamic viscosity and thermal conductivity of water based nanofluids are presented. The results of the experimental investigations of the single phase forced convection inside horizontal tubes and pool boiling characteristics are presented as well. Finally the experimental results of the performance of the prototype two-phase thermosyphon heat exchanger (TPTHEx) and selected type of brazed plate heat exchanger (PHEx) operated with nanofluids are reported.
Application of RCD and AFDD in low-voltage electrical installations for protection against fire
- Stanisław Czapp
2019 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
The paper presents the principles of application of residual current devices (RCDs) in protection against fire. The permissible rated residual operating current of RCDs is discussed. Limitations in the operation of RCDs in this type of protection are indicated. A new type of a protective device against fire – arc fault detection device (AFDD) – is described.
Application of Reverse Engineering Technology in Part Design for Shipbuilding Industry
- Mariusz Deja
- Michał Dobrzyński
- Marcin Rymkiewicz
2019 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
In the shipbuilding industry, it is difficult to create CAD models of existing or prototype parts, especially with many freeform surfaces. The paper presents the creation of the CAD 3D model of a shipbuilding component with the application of the reverse engineering technology. Based on the data obtained from the digitization process, the component is reconstructed in point cloud processing programs and the CAD model is created. Finally, the accuracy of the digital model is estimated.
Application of the ‘CPT 2012’model of AFNOR standard for column design in Poland–Jazowa case study
- Lech Bałachowski
- Jakub Konkol
- Kamila Międlarz
2019 Pełny tekst
his paper presents the ‘CPT 2012’ model incorporated into the AFNOR NF P94-262:2012-07, French standard for pile design fully compatible with Eurocode 7, to the wider Polish audience. The bearing capacity of three reference columns for Vistula Marshlands have been calculated according to ‘CPT 2012’ model and AFNOR recommendations. Then, the design resistances have been compared with ultimate column bearing capacity measured during static load tests conducted on reference columns. The results of comparison are discussed and the discrepancies between measured and calculated bearing capacities are shortly commented.
Application of the IMO standard manoeuvres procedure for pod-driven ships
- Maciej Reichel
2019 JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
International Maritime Organisation (IMO) in the resolution MSC.137(76) Standards for Ship manoeuvrability presents the manoeuvring criteria that has to be satisfied by majority of seagoing ships. Together with the criteria, procedures for carrying out the manoeuvring tests are also presented. They however do not correspond directly to ships with non-conventional steering-propulsion devices, like pod drives. IMO is aware of this shortcoming and permits the use of comparative steering angles to the rudder angles specified by the resolution. To address this problem, a set of model tests has been carried out. Experiments with free-sailing manned model of a pod-driven gas carrier have been carried out to check the satisfaction of IMO criteria with systematically varying pod deflection angles. Results of the research show, that for tested pod-driven gas carrier, IMO manoeuvring criteria on turning circle are satisfied for much smaller deflection angles than recommended by IMO. Therefore a conclusion is made, that although the IMO manoeuvring criteria are valid for pod-driven ships and can be applied directly, the procedure for carrying out especially turning circle tests might be for pod-driven ships reconsidered.
Application of the Optimization Methods to the Search of Marine Propulsion Shafting Global Equilibrium in Running Condition
- Aleksandr Ursolov
- Yuriy Batrak
- Wiesław Tarełko
2019 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
Full film hydrodynamic lubrication of marine propulsion shafting journal bearings in running condition is discussed. Considerable computational difficulties in non-linear determining the quasi-static equilibrium of the shafting are highlighted. The approach using two optimization methods (the particle swarm method and the interior point method) in combination with the specially developed relaxation technique is proposed to overcome this problem. The developed algorithm allows calculating marine propulsion shafting bending taking into account lubrication in all journal bearings and exact form of journal inside bearings, compared to most of the publications that consider lubrication only in the aftmost stern tube bearing and suppose rest of bearings as pointwise. The calculation results of typical shafting design with four bearings are provided. The significance of taking into account lubrication in all bearings is shown, specifically more exact values of bearings’ reactions, shafting deflections, minimum film thickness and maximum hydrodynamic pressure in the stern tube bearing in case of considering lubrication in all bearings.
Application of the X-ray micro computed tomography to the analysis of the structure of polymeric materials
- Piotr Szewczykowski
- Łukasz Skarżyński
2019 Pełny tekst Polimery
In this paper the application of X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) as a non-destructive testing method of polymeric materials is presented. Increasing applicability of polymers in variedend-use industries such as automotive, building and construction, consumer goods, and packaging is propelling the growth of the global polymer processing market. However, controlling of the polymer structure is one of the most important aspects since it affects mechanical properties of the components. The paper contains examples of two- and three-dimensional analysis of selected polymeric materials using of X-ray micro-computed tomography. Due to the complex structure of polymers, their shape and pores that are embedded inside the material and are not connected to the surface, the X-ray micro-computed tomography is an ideal solution for the analysis of the microstructure of polymeric materials to improve the process of their production in order to obtain components with the best possible properties.
Application of Thermo-chemical Technologies for Conversion of Associated Gas in Diesel-Gas Turbine Installations for Oil and Gas Floating Units
- Oleksandr Cherednichenko
- Serhiy Serbin
- Marek Dzida
2019 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
The paper considers the issue of thermo-chemical recovery of engine’s waste heat and its further use for steam conversion of the associated gas for oil and gas floating units. The characteristics of the associated gas are presented, and problems of its application in dual-fuel medium-speed internal combustion engines are discussed. Various variants of combined diesel-gas turbine power plant with thermo-chemical heat recovery are analyzed. The heat of the gas turbine engine exhaust gas is utilized in a thermo-chemical reactor and a steam generator. The engines operate on synthesis gas, which is obtained as a result of steam conversion of the associated gas. Criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of the developed schemes are proposed. The results of mathematical modeling of processes in a 14.1 MW diesel-gas turbine power plant with waste heat recovery are presented. The effect of the steam/associated gas ratio on the efficiency criteria is analyzed. The obtained results indicate relatively high effectiveness of the scheme with separate high and low pressure thermo-chemical reactors for producing fuel gas for both gas turbine and internal combustion engines. The calculated efficiency of such a power plant for considered input parameters is 45.6%.
Application of two-dimensional intensity maps in high-accuracy polarimetry
- Mykola Shopa
- Nazar Ftomyn
2019 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION
We propose the analysis of 2D intensity contour maps which is based on the optical transmission function for the polarizer-specimen-analyzer system. A small modification of the high-accuracy universal polarimeter (HAUP) technique was used to measure the intensity maps (HAUP maps) and determine the phase retardation, linear dichroism (LD) parameters, and multiple light reflection contribution in uniaxial crystals. We have performed measurements in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis on pure birefringent LiNbO3, birefringent optically active SiO2, and two birefringent optically active dichroic galogermanate crystals doped with Mn3+ and Cr3+ ions. We have obtained good agreement of the experimental data for 532, 633, and 650 nm wavelengths with analytical values. These results extend the capabilities of high-accuracy polarimetry to anisotropic crystal studies.
Application potential of dummy molecularly imprinted polymers as solidphase extraction sorbents for determination of low-mass polybrominated diphenyl ethers in soil and sediment samples
- Mariusz Marć
- Piotr Paweł Wieczorek
2019 MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
Despite the introduction of restrictive regulations in the USA and the European Union, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are still found in various types of environmental and biological samples at significant concentration levels. The presence of these persistent organic pollutants in the environment raises important issues because of their negative impact on immunological and neurological systems, and on the hormonal balances in living organisms. From the analytical point of view, the final determination of PBDEs would entail substantial challenges, because it would necessitate conducting the pre-concentration of analytes, or sample clean up. The aim of the present study is to demonstrate the analytical application potential of developed dummy molecularly imprinted polymers as solid-phase extraction sorbents for the selective recognition of low-mass PBDEs. The 4,4′-dihydroxydiphenyl ether was employed as a dummy template of low-mass PBDEs. The developed types of the sorption materials were used in the sample preparation stage of the analytical procedure to determine the PBDE-47 and PBDE-99 levels in selected representatives of environmental samples—reference materials of soil and bottom sediments. The recovery values of PBDE-47 and PBDE-99 from the studied solid samples ranged from 60% to 87%, depending on the applied DMIPs type.
Applications of Raman spectroscopy for detection of selected substances in tissues
- Maciej Wróbel
2019
This dissertation explores the applications of Raman spectroscopy for biological tissue analysis. Basics of Raman and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) are described, along with an analysis of the literature on biodetection and non-invasive blood analysis with emphasis on glucose detection. Instrumentation for Raman measurements is described. The sources of noise and interferences occurring in biological tissue measurements are presented. The experimental work was focused on two distinct goals: a rapid detection of drugs in whole human blood with SERS; and reduction of the individual variability in non-invasive Raman measurements. A surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy in NIR is utilized for a qualitative and quantitative analysis of drugs in blood. Optimization of this technique may become clinically viable for a rapid detection of drugs in blood samples. The challenge of non-invasive detection of molecules in blood through skin, without perforation, is the natural variability of skin optical properties and chemical composition. The proposed solution to this problem is to reduce the influence of the signal from tissue and distinguish the signal from the blood components by exploiting periodic changes of the blood content, causes by the blood pulse, while the tissues remain the same. A signal processing approach was developed where the natural blood pulse is identified from the series of Raman spectra, and used in a synchronous detection. The result of the algorithm is a Raman spectrum correlated with the Raman scattering on blood, while the uncorrelated signal from static tissues is diminished. The experimental proof for the two goals is presented and discussed. A series of appended publications form the basis of the dissertation.
Applying of Doped Graphene Oxide Coatings for Corrosion Prevention
- Ollik Karolina
- Karczewski Jakub
- Marek Lieder
2019
INTRODUCTION Graphene is a carbonaceous material characterized by extraordinary properties (high electron mobility, high surface area, high mechanical strength of 1100 GPa, very dense network hindering the passage of even the smallest helium atoms) [1]. Therefore, it found many applications, also as an anti-corrosive layer [2]. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) is one of the methods to deposit coatings. However, due to slight solubility graphene in solvent, deposition by this technique is difficult. Because of presence of oxygen functional groups, graphene oxide is alternative material. Electrophoretically deposited graphene oxide coatings protect substrate from corrosion effectively [3], but parameters of EPD affect significantly on the quality of coatings [4]. Additionally, presence of oxygen functional groups enhances wettability, and thus accelerates corrosion [5]. One of the methods of corrosion prevention is applying of corrosion inhibitors. Their protective properties are associated with among others presence of heteroatoms in the structure [6], Therefore, introduction of nitrogen into graphene oxide structure could be improve its anti-corrosive properties. To the best of our knowledge, using electrophoretically deposited nitrogen-doped graphene oxide coating as anti-corrosive coating has not been reported yet. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Hydrothermal introduction of nitrogen in the graphene oxide structure reduced of oxygen content in sample. This is also the result of reaction between carboxyl groups and ammonia solution. This behavior resulted in a reduced in hydrophilocity. Additionally coatings not shown any imperfections. Such features can have a beneficial effect on anti-corrosive properties. A slight improvement of corrosion resistance of coating indicate, that electrophoretically deposited coatings may be prevent corrosion. CONCLUSION Doping of graphene oxide was synthesized successfully by the hydrothermal method. This was proven by the appearance of new peaks associated with nitrogen functional groups on the FTIR spectrum for NGO samples. XPS measurement confirmed reduction of oxygen content, at the same time causing inconsiderable growth of contact angle. N10GO coating showed corrosion resistance and protect copper substrate in chloride environment.
Apprendere camminando.Il metodo della Jane’s Walk per riscoprire San Lorenzo
- Justyna Borucka
- Claudia Mattogno
2019
Tratta dal libro rivoluzionario che Jane Jacobs, attivista americana, ha scritto negli anni Sessanta e che ben presto è diventato un importante riferimento per la partecipazione dei cittadini nella progettazione urbana, questa citazione ben esprime l’approccio attraverso il quale ci siamo avvicinate alla riscoperta di San Lorenzo. Quartiere della città storica molto conosciuto, San Lorenzo si è rivelato in grado di disvelare paesaggi inattesi e sorprendenti, se si ha voglia di andare oltre gli attuali luoghi comuni, con iquali si descrive spesso troppo schematicamente il quartiere. Il metodo di lavoro appreso da Jane Jacobs ha fatto emergere passione e impegno locale, necessità di salvaguardare diritti di cittadinanza e senso di appartenenza, desiderio di approfondire le relazioni tra individui e spazio fisico attraverso la pratica semplice dell’andare a piedi.
Architects and urban planners in the face of energy transition - smart cities energy aspects in shaping building structures and cities
- Julia Kurek
- Justyna Martyniuk-Pęczek
2019
Contemporary architects and urban planners are facing steadily increasing challenges. The growing problems around environmental issues, shrinking natural resources and climate action are just some of them. Currently, planning should also include balancing with all the aspects of sustainable development such as not only the environmental issues, but also social and economic ones. How to meet them in the era of energy transition and the transfer of physical reality to virtual one? Some of the European Union countries began to successively implement solutions related to the optimization and collection of data on energy consumption, in the form of smart meters, the first step to create smart houses and smart cities. The question is whether planners are ready for this shift. In this situation, two divergent worldviews are confronted: contemporary architects and planners versus industry engineers and programmers responsible for the technological implementation of energy- -independent buildings and cities. The first group mostly concerns balanced and harmonious principles of shaping space in the pursuit of satisfying functional, aesthetic, socio-economic and environmental aspects. The approach of second group is based solely on parameters, calculations, energy characteristics and hard indisputable data, which is represented by industry engineers. This raises the risk of utopian attempts to develop a fixed idea, which could be applied everywhere in energy and planning matters - very tempting for industry engineers and at the same time extremely dangerous for shaping the space we live in. Energy efficiency and independency is namely not shaped by independent buildings and objects. When talking about spatial energy efficiency, often underestimated, comprehensive urban aspects related to mobility, location and several other factors should be considered. Therefore, the cooperation of architects, urban planners with industry engineers dealing with energy issues is indispensable to create a comprehensive spatial energy efficiency, not limited only to solids of individual objects.
Architectural education and digital tools: the challenges and opportunities
- Karolina Życzkowska
- Katarzyna Urbanowicz
2019 Pełny tekst World Transactions on Engineering and Technology Education
Enriching architectural education with digital tools is the subject of this article. Such tools can create, support and visualise architecture. The focus in this article is on an interdisciplinary approach to media architecture (allowing variable visual content of architectural objects) and interactivity (user-space communication), revealing new possibilities in terms of human perception. The results of a survey on media architecture among 110 students are also presented. Described in the article are two courses related to new technologies that are conducted in the Faculty of Architecture at Gdańsk University of Technology (GUT), Gdańsk, Poland, including co-operation with the Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics. Presented also are the challenges of the visualisation of studentdesigned structures (example: the Coal Market), comparing traditional tools with innovative 1:1 visualisation methods in the Immersive 3D Visualisation Laboratory at GUT, and stressing the potential of this environment for new ways of media and interactive solution visualisation.