2019 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

Pokaż publikacje z roku

Publikacje z roku 2019

Pokaż wszystkie

Enhanced boron doping of thin diamond films grown in deuterium-rich microwave plasma
- Robert Bogdanowicz
- Michał Sobaszek
- Mirosław Sawczak
- Galina Grigorian
- Mateusz Ficek
- Piotr Caban
- Aleksander Herman
- Adam Cenian
2019 Pełny tekst DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
The boron-doped diamond thin films were growth in deuterium rich microwave plasma in CVD process. The mechanism of influence of plasma composition on boron doping level was studied using optical emission spectroscopy. Deuterium rich plasma results in an increased dissociation of B2H6 precursor and intense boron-radicals' production. In consequence, a higher doping level of diamond films was observed by means of Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Deuterium species modify the mechanism of boron incorporation into thin films leading to increased boron concentration. Lower concentrations of sp2 phases and CH defects have been noticed in the films deposited in the plasma with deuterium than with hydrogen. Moreover, all BHx (x = 0–3) species can bind to radical sites on the diamond {100} surface to form stable complexes. The enhanced boron doping is attributed to the lower energy of BH bond at the growth surface, when compared to CH bond. The hydrogen abstraction from BH site is providing dangling bond for diamond growth and boron incorporation. This effect plays a main role due to extended dissociation caused by deuterium rich plasma. The increase in the carrier concentration and the decrease in the Hall mobility for the BDD samples grown in deuterium was registered.
Enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction on highly stable titania-supported PdO and Eu2O3 nanocomposites in a strong alkaline solution
- Mohamed Ibrahim
- Amine Mezni
- Mohammed Alsawat
- T. Kumeriah
- Manash Das
- Shaykla Alzahly
- Ali Aldalbahi
- Karolina Górnicka
- Jacek Ryl
- Mohammed Amin
- Tariq Altalhi
2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
In this work, PdO/TiO2 and Eu2O3/TiO2 nanocomposites (NCs), were synthesized using a new facile, template-free and one-step solvothermal approach, and characterized by several instrumentation techniques. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies revealed the presence of oxidised form of the Pd and Eu nanoparticles within the nanocomposite materials (PdO and Eu2O3). The two catalysts exhibited remarkable activity for the HER in a strong alkaline solution (4.0 M NaOH) with PdO/TiO2 catalyst being the best, which recorded an exchange current density (jo) of 0.26 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope (βc) of 125 mV dec-1. Such parameters are not far from those recorded for a commercial Pt/C catalyst (0.71 mA cm-2 and 120 mV dec-1) performed here under the same operating conditions. Eu2O3/TiO2 catalyst recorded jo and βc values of 0.05 mA cm-2 and 135 mV dec-1. The Tafel slopes 125 and 135 mV dec-1 calculated on the PdO/TiO2 and Eu2O3/TiO2 catalysts suggest a HER kinetics controlled by the Volmer step. PdO/TiO2 catalyzed the HER with a high turnover frequency (TOF) of 2.3 H2/s at 0.2 V versus the reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), while Eu2O3/TiO2 catalyst only measured a TOF value of 1.25 H2/s at the same overpotential. The two catalysts exhibited excellent stability and durability after 10,000 cycles and 72 h of controlled potential electrolysis at a high cathodic overpotential, reflecting their practical applicability. SEM and XPS examinations revealed that the morphology and chemistry of both catalysts were not altered as a result of the performed long-term stability and durability tests
ENHANCED MASTER CYCLE - SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENT OF STEAM RANKINE CYCLE
- Stanisław Głuch
- Marian Piwowarski
2019 Pełny tekst
The present paper focuses on an enhancement of the Master Cycle. In the first part, the paper presents a classical Master Cycle which is a modification of the double reheat Rankine cycle. This modification allows to slightly increase efficiency, resolves problems caused by superheated steam on bleeds and decreases mass flow rate of steam directed to reheat. These improvements include the implementation of a tuning turbine from which a few bleeds are taken. In the proposed Enhanced Master Cycle all bleeds are placed on the tuning turbine. This alteration results in an increased efficiency, further reduction of steam mass flow on reheats and simplification of low pressure turbine. Comparative calculations of the double reheat cycle, Master Cycle and Enhanced Master Cycle are presented. Cycles operate on the advanced ultra-supercritical parameters. The Enhanced Master Cycle achieved the highest net efficiency 54.64% and required the lowest steam mass flow on superheaters.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of transparent carbon nanowall/TiO2 heterostructures
- Mattia Pierpaoli
- Aneta Lewkowicz
- Michał Rycewicz
- Karol Szczodrowski
- Maria Letizia Ruello
- Robert Bogdanowicz
2019 Pełny tekst MATERIALS LETTERS
The synthesis of novel tunable carbon-based nanostructure represented a pivotal point to enhance the efficiency of existing photocatalysts and to extend their applicability to a wider number of sustainable processes. In this letter, we describe a transparent photocatalytic heterostructure by growing boron-doped carbon nanowalls (B-CNWs) on quartz, followed by a simple TiO2 sol-gel deposition. The effect on the thickness and boron-doping in the B-CNWs layer was studied, and the photocatalytic removal of nitrogen oxides (NOx) measured. Our results show that TiO2, in the anatase form, was uniformly deposited on the carbon nanowall layer. The underlying carbon nanowall layer played a double role in the heterostructure: it both affects the crystallinity of the TiO2 and promotes the separation of the photoexcited electron-holes, by increasing the number of contact points between the two layers. In summary, the combination of B-CNWs with TiO2 can enhance the separation of the electron–hole photogenerated charges, due to the peculiar CNWs maze-like structure.
Enhanced uniform data sampling for constrained data‐driven modeling of antenna input characteristics
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Ari Sigurdsson
- Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
- Stanisław Szczepański
2019 Pełny tekst INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NUMERICAL MODELLING-ELECTRONIC NETWORKS DEVICES AND FIELDS
Data-driven surrogates are the most popular replacement models utilized in many fields of engineering and science, including design of microwave and antenna structures. The primary practical issue is a curse of dimensionality which limits the number of independent parameters that can be accounted for in the modelling process. Recently, a performance-driven modelling technique has been proposed where the constrained domain of the model is spanned by a set of reference designs optimized with respect to selected figures of interest. This approach allows for significant improvement of prediction power of the surrogates without the necessity of reducing the parameter ranges. Yet, uniform allocation of the training data samples in the constrained domain remains a problem. Here, a novel design of experiments technique ensuring better sample uniformity is proposed. Our approach involves uniform sampling on the domain-spanning manifold and linear transformation of the remaining sample vector components onto orthogonal directions with respect to the manifold. Two antenna examples are provided to demonstrate the advantages of the technique, including application case studies (antenna optimization).
Enhancing electrochemical properties of an ITO-coated lossy-mode resonance optical fiber sensor by electrodeposition of PEDOT:PSS
- Michał Sobaszek
- Dariusz Burnat
- Petr Sezemsky
- Viteszlav Stranak
- Robert Bogdanowicz
- Marcin Koba
- Katarzyna Siuzdak
- Mateusz Śmietana
2019 Pełny tekst Optical Materials Express
A sensor working in multiple domains may offer enhanced information about the properties of an investigated analyte, including those containing biological species. It has already been shown that a dual-domain sensing capability, i.e., in optical and electrochemical domains, can be offered by lossy-mode resonance (LMR) sensors based on indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin film. The spectral response of the LMR sensors depends on the refractive index (RI) at the ITO surface. In this work, we discuss a capability for enhancing the electrochemical properties of these sensors by electrodeposition of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)–poly(4-styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) on the ITO surface. This conjugated polymer shows high electrical conductivity, high optical transmittance, as well as good chemical stability, and thus can be used as a transparent electrode. We have found that the PEDOT:PSS deposition improves the reversibility of the electrochemical reduction/oxidation reactions by 2.5 times with no negative impact on LMR-based measurements of the RI of the analyte.
Enriching the Context: Methods of Improving the Non-contextual Assessment of Sentence Credibility
- Aleksandra Nabożny
- Bartłomiej Balcerzak
- Danijel Korzinek
2019
This paper presents several methods of automatic context enrichment of sentences that need to be evaluated, tagged or fact-checked by human judges. We have created a corpus of medical Web articles. Sentences from this corpus have been fact-checked by medical experts in two modes: contextually (reading the entire article and evaluating sentence by sentence) and without context (evaluating sentences from all articles in random order). It is known that non-contextual evaluation is faster, but some sentences are impossible to evaluate without context. We have designed and evaluated several methods of summarizing context that we hypothesized were suitable for supporting evaluation of sentences without reading the entire text. Then, we collected new assessments from medical experts for the sentences with enriched context. The context enrichment methods have been evaluated using two measures: conversion, which calculates how frequently a method allows experts to evaluate sentences that were impossible to evaluate without context, and agreement, which depends on how frequently the new expert evaluations match with evaluations from experts who had read the whole text before rating a sentence. Our results show that the best method achieves a high conversion rate, while providing experts with a condensed context summary. Moreover, the method significantly reduces the time needed to evaluate one sentence, compared to the baseline method (which provides the expert with the entire paragraph surrounding the target sentence). The problem of automatically enhancing the context of a sentence for fast fact-checking or tagging has not appeared in other studies before. We present preliminary results of the research in this area and a framework for testing potential new methods.
Entanglement of genuinely entangled subspaces and states: Exact, approximate, and numerical results
- Maciej Demianowicz
- Remigiusz Augusiak
2019 Pełny tekst PHYSICAL REVIEW A
Genuinely entangled subspaces (GESs) are those subspaces of multipartite Hilbert spaces that consist only of genuinely multiparty entangled pure states. They are natural generalizations of the well-known notion of completely entangled subspaces, which by definition are void of fully product vectors. Entangled subspaces are an important tool of quantum information theory as they directly lead to constructions of entangled states, since any state supported on such a subspace is automatically entangled. Moreover, they have also proven useful in the area of quantum error correction. In our recent contribution [M. Demianowicz and R. Augusiak, Phys. Rev. A 98, 012313 (2018)], we have studied the notion of a GES qualitatively in relation to so-called nonorthogonal unextendible product bases and provided a few constructions of such subspaces. The main aim of the present work is to perform a quantitative study of the entanglement properties of GESs. First, we show how one can attempt to compute analytically the subspace entanglement, defined as the entanglement of the least-entangled vector from the subspace, of a GES and illustrate our method by applying it to a new class of GESs. Second, we show that certain semidefinite programming relaxations can be exploited to estimate the entanglement of a GES and apply this observation to a few classes of GESs revealing that in many cases the method provides the exact results. Finally, we study the entanglement of certain states supported on GESs, which is compared to the obtained values of the entanglement of the corresponding subspaces, and find the white-noise robustness of several GESs. In our study we use the (generalized) geometric measure as the quantifier of entanglement.
Entrepreneurial Business and Economic Review
- Nelly Daszkiewicz
2019 Pełny tekst Entrepreneurial Business and Economics Review
The objective of the article is to explore internationalisation patterns of family high-tech firms, especially their internationalisation motives, intensity, speed, and entry modes. The empirical part adopts a quantitative approach. The results of the survey are presented on the sample of 263 high-tech production firms from Poland, including 101 family firms. The survey was conducted in all 16 Polish regions. The calculations from obtained survey results were made using Statistica PL 10.
Environmental characteristics of a tundra river system in Svalbard. Part 1: Bacterial abundance, community structure and nutrient levels
- Klaudia Kosek
- Aneta Łuczkiewicz
- Krystyna Kozioł
- Katarzyna Jankowska
- Marek Ruman
- Żaneta Polkowska
2019 Pełny tekst SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
The Arctic hosts a set of unique ecosystems, characterised by extreme environmental conditions and undergoing a rapid change resulting from the average temperature rising. We present a study on an aquatic ecosystem of the Revelva catchment (Spitsbergen), based on samples collected from the lake, river and their tributaries, in the summer of 2016. The landscape variety of the study site and the seasonal change in the hydrological regime modify the availability of nutrients. In general, the upper part of the catchment consists of the mountain rocky slopes which are especially abundant in iron minerals, sulphides and phosphorus minerals. The lower part of the catchment is covered by plants - lichens, saxifrages and bryophytes, which are a different source of nutrients. In the analysed water samples, the maximum concentrations of nutrients such as iron, boron and phosphorus were 0.28 µg L-1, 4.52 µg L-1 and 1.91 µg L-1, respectively, in June, while in September, Fe and B reached the concentrations of 1.32 µg L-1 and 2.71 µg L-1, respectively. The concentration of P in September was below the detection limit of 1.00 µg L-1, which may be explained by the necessity of bacteria to consume it immediately on current needs. We noted also an increase in TOC concentration between the June and September samples, which could originate both from the biomass accumulation in the catchment and the permafrost melting contributing to the hydrological regime of the river. The bacterial community developed in this environment consisted mainly of Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes phylum, while the presence of Acidobacteria was less pronounced than in other tundra-related environments. The described catchment shows that despite the relatively small amount of bioavailable nutrients, the Revelva system is biodiverse and one of the most significant biogeochemical changes occurs there in response to seasonally switching water sources.
Environmental characteristics of a tundra river system in Svalbard. Part 2: Chemical stress factors
- Klaudia Kosek
- Krystyna Kozioł
- Aneta Łuczkiewicz
- Katarzyna Jankowska
- Stanisław Chmiel
- Żaneta Polkowska
2019 Pełny tekst SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Bacterial communities in the Arctic environment are subject to multiple stress factors, including contaminants, although typically their concentrations are small. The Arctic contamination research has focused on persistent organic pollutants (POPs) because they are bioaccumulative, resistant to degradation and toxic for all organisms. Pollutants have entered the Arctic predominantly by atmospheric and oceanic long-range transport, and this was facilitated by their volatile or semi-volatile properties, while their chemical stability extended their lifetimes following emission. Chemicals present in the Arctic at detectable and quantifiable concentrations testify to their global impact. Chemical contamination may induce serious disorders in the integrity of polar ecosystems influencing the growth of bacterial communities. In this study, the abundance and the types of bacteria in the Arctic freshwater were examined and the microbial characteristics were compared to the amount of potentially harmful chemical compounds in particular elements of the Arctic catchment. The highest concentrations of all determined PAHs were observed in two samples in the vicinity of the estuary both in June and September 2016 and were 1964 ng L−1 (R12) and 3901 ng L−1 (R13) in June, and 2179 ng L−1 (R12) and 1349 ng L−1 (R13) in September. Remarkable concentrations of the sum of phenols and formaldehyde were detected also at the outflow of the Revelva river into the sea (R12) and were 0.24 mg L−1 in June and 0.35 mg L−1 in September 2016. The elevated concentrations of chemical compounds near the estuary suggest a potential impact of the water from the lower tributaries (including the glacier-fed stream measured at R13) or the sea currents and the sea aerosol as pollutant sources. The POPs' degradation at low temperature is not well understood but bacteria capable to degrading such compounds were noted in each sampling point.
Enzymatic activities behind degradation of glucosinolates
- Karol Parchem
- Anna Piekarska
- Agnieszka Bartoszek-Pączkowska
2019
Myrosinase (thioglucosidase, EC 3.2.1.147) is the enzyme responsible for the hydrolysis of glucosinolates (GLs). In plant tissue, myrosinase and GLs are sequestered in separate cellular compartments. As a result of cell disruption, e.g., after pathogen attack or on chopping or grinding during food preparation, the myrosinase comes into contact with GLs and catalyzes the hydrolysis of thioglucosidic bond in GL structure. Consequently, glucose is cleaved off and an unstable aglucon—thiohydroximate-O-sulfate—becomes released. Depending on the parent GLs, the hydrolysis conditions such as pH, temperature, presence of Fe2+ ions, and additional protein factors, the aglucon is converted into different classes of degradation products embracing: isothiocyanates, thiocyanates, nitriles, epithionitriles, hydroxynitriles, oxazolidine-2-thiones, or indoles. This chapter presents information on the myrosinase structure, its enzymatic activity, and the role of additional protein factors involved in the GL metabolism. In addition, we discussed methods to determine the activity of myrosinase in plant material.
Epigenetic inhibitor zebularine activates ear pinna wound closure in the mouse
- Piotr Sass
- Paweł Sosnowski
- Justyna Podolak-Popinigis
- Bartosz Górnikiewicz
- Jolanta Kamińska
- Milena Deptuła
- Ewa Nowicka
- Anna Wardowska
- Jarosław Ruczyński
- Piotr Rekowski
- Piotr Rogujski
- Natalia Filipowicz
- Alina Mieczkowska
- Grażyna Peszyńska-Sularz
- Łukasz Janusz
- Piotr Skowron
- Artur Czupryn
- Piotr Mucha
- Arkadiusz Piotrowski
- Sylwia Rodziewicz-Motowidło
- Michał Pikuła
- Paweł Sachadyn
2019 Pełny tekst EBioMedicine
Background:Most studies on regenerative medicine focus on cell-based therapies and transplantations.Small-molecule therapeutics, though proved effective in different medical conditions, have not been extensivelyinvestigated in regenerative research. It is known that healing potential decreases with development and devel-opmental changes are driven by epigenetic mechanisms, which suggests epigenetic repression of regenerativecapacity.Methods:We applied zebularine, a nucleoside inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases, to stimulate the regenerativeresponse in a model of ear pinna injury in mice.Findings:We observed the regeneration of complex tissue that was manifested as improved ear hole repair inmice that received intraperitoneal injections of zebularine. Six weeks after injury, the mean hole area decreasedby 83.2 ± 9.4% in zebularine-treated and by 43.6 ± 15.4% in control mice (pb10−30). Combined delivery ofzebularine and retinoic acid potentiated and accelerated this effect, resulting in complete ear hole closure withinthree weeks after injury. We found a decrease in DNA methylation and transcriptional activation ofneurodevelopmental and pluripotency genes in the regenerating tissues.Interpretation:This study is thefirst to demonstrate an effective induction of complex tissue regeneration in adultmammals using zebularine. We showed that the synergistic action of an epigenetic drug (zebularine) and a tran-scriptional activator (retinoic acid) could be effectively utilized to induce the regenerative response, thus delin-eating a novel pharmacological strategy for regeneration. The strategy was effective in the model of ear pinnaregeneration in mice, but zebularine acts on different cell types, therefore, a similar approach can be tested inother tissues and organs
Epoxy Composites Filled with Natural Calcium Carbonate. 1. Epoxy Composites Obtained in the Presence of Monoperoxy Derivative of Epidian-6 Epoxy Resin
- Michael Bratychak
- Olena Astakhova
- Olena Shyshchak
- Olha Zubal
- Maciej Sienkiewicz
- Ostap Ivashkiv
2019 Pełny tekst Chemistry & Chemical Technology
Physico-mechanical properties of the products based on filled epoxy-oligomeric mixtures composed of Epidian-5 epoxy resin, oligoesteracrylate TGM-3 and monoperoxide derivative of Epidian-6 epoxy resin (PO) have been investigated. CaCO3 was used as a filler and polyethylene polyamine was a curing agent. The effect of PO and CaCO3 on the gel-fraction content and physico-mechanical properties was examined. Using a scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the morphology of the samples has been studied.
Equitable coloring of hypergraphs
- Hanna Furmańczyk
- Paweł Obszarski
2019 Pełny tekst DISCRETE APPLIED MATHEMATICS
A hypergraph is equitablyk-colorable if its vertices can be partitioned into k sets/colorclasses in such a way that monochromatic edges are avoided and the number of verticesin any two color classes differs by at most one. We prove that the problem of equitable 2-coloring of hypergraphs is NP-complete even for 3-uniform hyperstars. Finally, we apply the method of dynamic programming for designing a polynomial-time algorithm to equitably k-color linear hypertrees, where k≥2 is fixed.
Equivalent single-layer models in deformation analysis of laminated multilayered plates
- Ireneusz Kreja
- Agnieszka Sabik
2019 Pełny tekst ACTA MECHANICA
The performance of selected Equivalent Single-Layer (ESL) models is evaluated within several classical benchmark tests for linear static analysis of multi-layered plates. The authors elaborated their own Finite Element software based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FOSD) with some modifications incorporated including a correction of the transverse shear stiffness and an application of zig-zag type functions. Seven different ESL models were considered in the study; beside the classical FOSD model, there were three FOSD models with various transverse shear corrections and three ESL models enhanced by the application of zig-zag functions. In addition, particular attention was paid to investigation of differences related to the “soft” and “hard” variants of the simply support.
Equivalent standard manoeuvres for pod-driven ships
- Maciej Reichel
2019 OCEAN ENGINEERING
Procedures for carrying out the manoeuvring tests presented in International Maritime Organisation (IMO) resolution MSC.137(76) are based on the capabilities of ships with conventional steering-propulsion systems. Therefore they do not correspond to ships with other steering-propulsion devices, like pod drives. IMO is aware of this shortcoming and for ships with non-conventional steering and propulsion system may permit the use of comparative steering angles to the rudder angles specified by the resolution. To elaborate these comparative angles for pod-driven gas carrier, experiments with free-sailing manned model have been carried out. For comparison two sister ships have been taken into consideration, i.e. twin-pod and twin-propeller twin-rudder configurations. For both ship versions, manoeuvres according to standard IMO procedures have been carried out. For twin-pod configuration, additionally manoeuvres with various pod propulsor settings have been performed to find the comparative, i.e. rudder-equivalent pod propulsor angles. Results show an obvious fact, that for twin-pod ship version similar results of standard manoeuvre parameters, as for twin-propeller twin-rudder version, are obtained for other than IMO recommended 35° steering angle. It is shown that, for turning circle parameters, a single comparative or rudder-equivalent angle does not exist. Various turning circle parameters are obtained for different pod propulsor angles.
Equivalent temperature for design of asphalt pavements in Poland
- Marek Pszczoła
2019 Pełny tekst MATEC Web of Conferences
The paper presents application of equivalent temperature for design of asphalt pavements. The calculation methods of equivalent temperature: the Shell method, the French method, the methods that use the AASHTO and the Asphalt Institute fatigue criteria were presented. The results of calculations of equivalent temperature for Polish climatic conditions were presented and discussed. It was shown that different asphalt pavement design methods and utilization of Polish climatic data resulted in various calculated values of equivalent temperature that could be used in the design process.
Ergonomic Aspects of Development of Architecture in the Context of Sanitary and Hygiene Safety
- Rafał Janowicz
2019 Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing
Abstract Ergonomics answers the need of safe development of space by creating spatial forms which help to implement the safety procedures and limit the threats involved both in ordinary use of the spaces and in case of unforeseen events. Using the knowledge of ergonomics and architecture on the basis of defining the routes of germ transmission, allows to limit the spread of those organisms. Ergonomics of developing architectural spaces allows to improve safety of all users. Changing reality, including the risks and the level of knowledge about those risks results in the fact that development of architecture with the use of ergonomics is not only a multi-dimensional issue, but also requiring constant analysis and validation of solutions due to a changing character of those risks. The work is an attempt to present how the deficit of detailed ergonomic guiding principles in the process of programming and designing of architectural objects experienced in Poland influences the sanitary and hygiene safety.
Erozja Kawitacyjna Austenitycznej Stali Nierdzewnej 1.4541
- Dominika Zakrzewska
- Alicja Krella
- Grzegorz Gajowiec
2019
Proces erozji kawitacyjnej powoduje niszczenie materiału, na który składają się: odkształcenie plastyczne, ubytki masy, zmiany fazowe, fragmentacja ziaren, zmiany mikrogeometrii i makrogeometrii powierzchni. Różnorodność czynników mająca wpływ na proces niszczenia materiału sprawia, iż trudno jest przewidzieć postęp procesu niszczenia ciała stałego wskutek kawitacji. Z tego względu badania doświadczalne cały czas są niezbędne. Wiele badań nad różnymi materiałami wykazały, że odporność kawitacyjna zależy nie tylko od jednej własności materiału, ale również od intensywności zjawiska kawitacji. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badań erozji kawitacyjnej austenitycznej stali nierdzewnej 1.4541. Przeprowadzone badania wykazały wpływ prędkości przepływu cieczy (ciśnienia wlotowego) na wielkość ubytków masy, szybkość erozji oraz obszar degradacji powierzchni. Ponadto, zaobserwowany charakter zniszczeń okazał się typowy dla badanego gatunku stali.