2019 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Generating sequences of Lefschetz numbers of iterates
- Grzegorz Graff
- Małgorzata Lebiedź
- Piotr Nowak-Przygodzki
2019 Pełny tekst MONATSHEFTE FUR MATHEMATIK
Du, Huang and Li showed in 2003 that the class of Dold–Fermat sequences coincides with the class of Newton sequences, which are defined in terms of socalled generating sequences. The sequences of Lefschetz numbers of iterates form an important subclass of Dold–Fermat (thus also Newton) sequences. In this paper we characterize generating sequences of Lefschetz numbers of iterates.
Generation and Propagation of Nonlinear Waves in a Towing Tank
- Marcin Drzewiecki
- Wojciech Sulisz
2019 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
The paper presents the results of the research focused on linear and nonlinear wave generation and propagation in a deepwater towing tank equipped with a single flap-type wavemaker of variable draft. The problem of wave generation and propagation has been theoretically formulated and solved by applying an analytical method; linear and nonlinear solutions were obtained. The linear solution has been verified experimentally. The laboratory experiments confirmed that a linear model can be applied to predict the generation and propagation of water waves of low steepness. However, according to the analysis, the discrepancies between wave profiles predicted by applying the linear and nonlinear models rapidly increases with increasing wave steepness. Additionally, the secondary phenomena which occur in the towing tank, including: disintegration of wave profile, wave reflections from the beach and wave damping, were analyzed. Knowledge on the nonlinear processes and phenomena is essential for modeling the environmental conditions during tests carried out to secure the safety of the naval and offshore constructions. The theoretical formulation was derived and the solution was obtained by the Institute of Hydroengineering of the Polish Academy of Sciences IBW PAN while the experimental research was carried out in Ship Hydromechanics Division of the Ship Design and Research Centre CTO S.A.
Genotoxicity of selected pharmaceuticals, their binary mixtures, and varying environmental conditions – study with human adenocarcinoma cancer HT29 cell line
- Monika Wieczerzak
- Jacek Namieśnik
- Błażej Kudłak
2019 Pełny tekst DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
Pharmaceutical residues are present in the environment in mixtures and their adverse effects may also result from interactions that occur between compounds. Studies presented in this work focus on genotoxicity of pharmaceuticals from different therapeutic groups in mixtures and in individual solutions impacted with different environmental conditions assessed using comet assay (alkaline approach). Binary mixtures of pharmaceuticals (in different concentration ratios) and in individual solutions impacted with pH change (range from 5.5 to 8.5) or addition of inorganic ions, were incubated with HT29 cells and after 24 h time period cells were tested for the presence of DNA damage. To estimate whether mixtures act more (synergistic) or less (antagonistic) efficiently Concentrations Addition (CA) and Independent Action (IA) approaches were applied followed by a calculation of the Model Deviation Ratio (MDR) to determine deviation from the predicted values. Addition of inorganic ions mainly reduced their genotoxicity. Diclofenac s. was the most susceptible to potassium, fluoride, and bromide ions. Change of the pH of pharmaceutical solutions had significant impact on genotoxicity of diclofenac s. and fluoxetine h. Among mixtures, more commonly observed interactions were synergistic ones, exactly twenty-five cases (ten pairs containing chloramphenicol or oxytetracycline h.) and ten cases of antagonism (four for pairs containing chloramphenicol or fluoxetine h.). The results obtained indicate that interactions between tested compounds occur frequently and can lead to DNA damage. This topic especially concerning in vitro tests using cells is still rare, however, it should not be neglected.
Geochemical fractionation of organic matter in the Jurassic-Cretaceous Vaca Muerta shale, Argentina
- Aleksandra Małachowska
2019
Several studies have indicated the presence of more than one generation of bitumen that could be isolated from rocks through sequential extraction or after demineralization or both. Nabbefeld et al. (2010a) and Holman et al. (2012, 2014) termed bitumen obtained after solvent extraction from the undigested rock as “Bitumen I" and that obtained by extraction after demineralization of rock as “Bitumen II.” The occurrence of different bitumen fractions in rocks poses the question of whether subsequent bitumens are of the same origin as those of the first generation, remaining trapped in the rock matrix and unable to be easily extracted, or if they originated from different source. Based on the distinct composition of Bitumen I and Bitumen II in Paleoproterozoic marine rocks in Australia, Williford et al. (2011) and Holman et al. (2012, 2014) suggested that Bitumen II was closely related to the in-situ organic matter, whereas Bitumen I could be over- printed by migrated hydrocarbon phases. The investigation includes the chemical functional group characteristics and origin of different bitumen fractions present in Jurassic to early Cretaceous Vaca Muerta Formation from Argentina. The main objectives of the paper were to relate the differences in chemical functional groups of the two bitumen fractions to their origin in correspondence to kerogen macerals present in Jurassic to early Cretaceous Vaca Muerta Formation from Argentina. The impact of thermal decomposition of kerogen to Bitumen I and Bitumen II was discussed with regard to hydrocarbons mobilization in shales. The research is broadly described in Malachowska et al., 2019.
Geoscience Methods in Real Estate Market Analyses Subjectivity Decrease
- Malgorzata Renigier-Biłozor
- Artur Janowski
- Marek Walacik
2019 Pełny tekst Geosciences
Real estate management, including real estate market analysis, is part of a so-called geosystem. In recent years, the popularity of creating various types of systems and automatic solutions in real estate management, including those related to property classification and valuation, has been growing in the world, mainly to reduce the impact of human subjectivity, to increase the scope of analyses and reduce research time. A very important fact that should be underlined is that properties are strongly related to geolocation (space) and strongly determine it. Authors proposed in the paper solutions that highlight implementation of geoscience and “geo-approach” combined with fuzzy logic methods that allow to decrease subjectivity in property analyses and diminish uncertainty in decision making process. The proposed methodology involves three main problematic components of decision support system in property investment analyses development with the use of geo-technologies such as: determination of the database model; elaboration geo-property-zones with geoprocessing activities; identification of homogeneous group of properties transactions. The influence of spatial decision factor determined in the study lead to objective and precise calculation of value differentiation from 22 to 43% depending on the property’s remoteness to the sea.
Geotechnical characterization of soft soil deposits in Northern Poland
- Jakub Konkol
- Kamila Międlarz
- Lech Bałachowski
2019 Pełny tekst ENGINEERING GEOLOGY
This paper presents a geotechnical characterization of deltaic soft soil deposits in the Vistula Marshlands, northern Poland. It shows the limited applicability of organic soil classifications based on Cone Penetration Tests (CPTU) and Dilatometer Tests (DMT). None of the in-situ-based classifications correctly identifies peat. Analysis of the behaviour of contractive/dilative soil layers according to Robertson's updated classification (2016) is shown to be in agreement with volumetric changes observed during triaxial compression tests. The coefficient of primary compression Cc is found to decrease exponentially with the initial bulk density (ρd0) and to increase linearly with the in-situ water content (wc). The presented geotechnical characterization and reference data can be used for foundation design and soil improvement in the soft organic soils of northern Poland.
Global and regional economic inequality: Methods of measurement and evidences
- Stanisław Kot
- Katarzyna Ostasiewicz
2019
The lack of countries’ statistical income data, comparable across countries and years, seems to be the main reason of controversial conjectures concerning global inequality and its evolution over time. In the databases, which purport to collect income data on a worldwide scale, only some summary statistics (quantile income shares, means, Gini indices) are presented. Therefore, the development of efficient methods of extracting micro-data from available secondary statistics now seems to be the only way of overcoming the scarcity of national household surveys’ samples. In this monograph, a new method of retrieving the global sample of incomes is proposed. This method, based on the Sequential Probability Ratio Test, generates random samples, which reconstruct unavailable national samples with predetermined statistical reliability and numerical precision. The application of this method brings empirical evidences which contradict the widespread opinion about rising global inequality in two recent decades.
Global Approaches to Reduce Light Pollution from Media Architecture and Non-Static, Self-Luminous LED Displays for Mixed-Use Urban Developments
- Karolina Zielińska-Dąbkowska
- Kyra Xavia
2019 Pełny tekst Sustainability
Urban environments have become significantly brighter and more illuminated, and cities now consider media architecture and non-static, self-luminous LED displays an essential element of their strategy to attract residents, visitors, and tourists in the hours after dark. Unfortunately, most often, they are not designed with care, consideration, and awareness, nor do they support the visual wellbeing and circadian rhythms of humans. They also increase light pollution which has an adverse effect on the environment. The aim of this study was to estimate the scale of the negative impact of 28 non-static, self-luminous LED shop window displays within a real-life city context along the main shopping street Banhofstrasse in Zurich, Switzerland. An experimental field measurement survey investigation was performed to identify visual luminance with commonly available tools such as a luminance meter and a digital reflex camera for luminance photography. Moreover, the most important global approaches to reduce light pollution were evaluated in the form of existing guidelines, technical standards, and laws, all of which should be considered when specifying illuminated digital advertisements. A literature review and survey results both confirmed the extent of the problem and highlighted, too, the need to better measure, apply, and manage this new technology. The authors’ proposal for improvements involve practical recommendations for the design and implementation of future projects which can positively guide and direct this growing trend.
Global edge alliances in graphs
- Robert Lewoń
- Anna Małafiejska
- Michał Małafiejski
- Kacper Wereszko
2019 Pełny tekst DISCRETE APPLIED MATHEMATICS
In the paper we introduce and study a new problem of finding a minimum global edge alliance in a graph which is related to the global defensive alliance (Haynes et al., 2013; Hedetniemi, 2004) and the global defensive set (Lewoń et al., 2016). We proved the NP-completeness of the global edge alliance problem for subcubic graphs and we constructed polynomial time algorithms for trees. We found the exact values of the size of the minimum global edge alliance for certain classes: paths, cycles, wheels, complete k-partite graphs and complete k-ary trees. Moreover, we proved some lower bounds for arbitrary graphs.
Global Value Chains and Wages: Multi-Country Evidence from Linked Worker-Industry Data
- Aleksandra Parteka
- Joanna Wolszczak-Derlacz
2019 Pełny tekst OPEN ECONOMIES REVIEW
This paper uses a multi-country microeconomic setting to contribute to the literature on the nexus between production fragmentation and wages. Exploiting a rich dataset on over 110,000 workers from nine Eastern and Western European countries and the United States, we study the relationship between individual workers’ wages and industry ties into global value chains (GVCs). We find an inverse (but weak) relationship between the degree of industries’ involvement in GVCs and wages. Workers employed in routine occupations clearly earn less, but it is difficult to attribute it to the role played by the involvement of their countries and industries in global value chains.
Gość Inność, Wystawa sztuki współczesnej, Galeria MD_S, Wrocław 2019
- Patryk Różycki
2019
Grudzień. Zimno, szaro, mokro, wszyscy biegają, żeby wyrobić się na święta; żeby kupić prezenty, odwiedzić rodzinę do której średnio chce Ci się jechać, żeby usiąść przy stole, odpowiadać na sztywne pytania w sztywnych koszulach, zapychając usta karpiem. Zapraszamy w gościnę do galerii MD_S 20 grudnia, gdzie o 18:00 będzie biła ciepłem i przytulnością, bo gościnność nie ocenia tak jak my nie oceniamy, każdy z nas jest gościem i każdy z nas jest inny. Każde ciało ma swój zapach, po co się kłócić o perfumy? Gościnność nie wybiera, stwarza przestrzeń do wspólnego obcowania. Klementyna Epa Malwina Gaj Wiktor Gałka Drag queen Larwa Kasper Lecnim Mortimer Hesper Patryk Różycki Michał Rutz Agnieszka Sejud Łukasz Stokłosa Daniel Weiss Melania Wróblewska
Graphs with equal domination and certified domination numbers
- Magda Dettlaff
- Magdalena Lemańska
- Jerzy Topp
- Mateusz Miotk
- Radosław Ziemann
- Paweł Żyliński
2019 Pełny tekst Opuscula Mathematica
A setDof vertices of a graphG= (VG,EG) is a dominating set ofGif every vertexinVG−Dis adjacent to at least one vertex inD. The domination number (upper dominationnumber, respectively) ofG, denoted byγ(G) (Γ(G), respectively), is the cardinality ofa smallest (largest minimal, respectively) dominating set ofG. A subsetD⊆VGis calleda certified dominating set ofGifDis a dominating set ofGand every vertex inDhas eitherzero or at least two neighbors inVG−D. The cardinality of a smallest (largest minimal,respectively) certified dominating set ofGis called the certified (upper certified, respectively)domination number ofGand is denoted byγcer(G) (Γcer(G), respectively). In this paperrelations between domination, upper domination, certified domination and upper certifieddomination numbers of a graph are studied
Green analytical chemistry: Social dimension and teaching
- Aleksandra Kurowska-Susdorf
- Marcin Zwierżdżyński
- Anita Bevanda
- Stanislava Talić
- Anita Ivanković
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
2019 Pełny tekst TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Green Analytical Chemistry (GAC) is the idea which every analytical chemist should be familiar of. Due to continuous improvement in the subject both from the aspects of theory and experimentation, the dynamic way analytical chemistry studies are evolving in the frame of chemistry degrees should not be surprising. Recently, many efforts have been made in order to include Green Chemistry principles to Education, also in the field of analytical chemistry, where twelve GAC principles play a main role. The understanding and awareness of these principles and other evolving related concepts requires special teaching of GAC as a part of curriculum at undergraduate and graduate levels. This article is focused on the main concepts and challenges of teaching GAC and also presents the current accomplishment in this field. In addition, teaching social responsibility in GAC is discussed. Several case studies are also presented as an example for the learners.
Green Analytical Chemistry: Summary of Existing Knowledge and Future Trends
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Agnieszka Gałuszka
- Jacek Namieśnik
2019
Analysis of recent publications in green analytical chemistry shows the current trends and future needs in this area. The main issues are related with search for cheaper, more efficient, more accurate, greener and miniaturized alternatives. Miniaturization is perhaps, the most notable current trend in analytical chemistry. Rapid developments and improvements in instrumentation have led to impressive range of benchtop technology and portable devices. In addition, an important issue that has been explored by many authors is metrics of green analytical chemistry, such as Analytical Eco-Scale or Green Analytical Procedure Index. Implementation of interdisciplinary methods is an emerging trend in green analytical chemistry. Employment of multicriteria decision analysis, a technique which is used in environmental management, to green analytical chemistry is very popular and common trend. Another important issue that will determine the future of green analytical chemistry is education and popularization of this concept in the society. This chapter summarizes contemporary problems and gives future perspectives of Green Analytical Chemistry.
Green and equitable analytical chemistry
- Renata Marcinkowska
- Jacek Namieśnik
- Marek Tobiszewski
2019 Current Opinion in Green and Sustainable Chemistry
Green analytical chemistry introduces the ideas of reduction ofanalytical activities impact on the environment. However, to bemore sustainable, analytical chemistry should include socialaspects in greater manner. In this light‘equitable’analyticalprocedures, which are easily available in terms of price andapplicability by everyday user, are developed. These positivetrends are observed as many procedures, based on commonlyused for nonanalytical purpose devices, are developed. Someexamples of methods based on smartphones, scanners, 3Dprinters, or espresso machines are presented herein. With thiscontribution, we want to stress that green analytical chemistryis not tantamount to sustainable analytical chemistry as it doesnot include social equity factors
Ground tire rubber thermo-mechanically devulcanized in the presence of waste engine oil as asphalt modifier
- Yue Li
- Aiqin Shen
- Zhenghua Lyu
- Shifeng Wang
- Krzysztof Formela
- Guangtai Zhang
2019 CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
Cross-linked elastomers network is main limitation for industrial usage of ground tire rubber (GTR) as asphalts’ and road pavements modifier. GTR was thermo-mechanically devulcanized via extrusion in the presence of waste engine oil (WEO) at temperature ranges from 150 to 280 °C. Combined impact of WEO content and extruder barrel temperature on the change of cross-linked structure of degraded GTR (DTGR) was investigated through sol fraction measurements and thermogravimetric analysis. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopic analysis, storage stability, viscosity, temperature susceptibility and rheological properties of asphalt modified with DGTR were studied via infrared spectrometer, conventional tests, viscosity, dynamic shear rheology, dynamic mechanical analysis. Fluorescence microscopy was also applied to observe microstructure and the interfacial interaction between DGTR and asphalt. The results shown that the sol fraction of DGTR increases with the increase of WEO content, which results in low dynamic viscosity and storage modulus of the modified asphalts. Barrel temperature strongly affects the form of DGTR and final properties of modified asphalt. Modified asphalts with DGTR at barrel temperature in 180 °C and 210 °C show better rheological properties and broader operating temperature than that of at 280 °C, which is related to degradation of polymer main chain. In addition, 30 %wt. of DGTR content resulted in significant improvement rheological properties and storage stability of modified asphalt. Moreover, it was observed that higher content (above 40 %wt.) of DGTR causes the deterioration of performance properties of modified asphalts, due to the excessive quantities of undissolved rubber particles in asphalt.
Growth and Isolation of Large Area Boron‐Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Sheets: A Route toward Diamond‐on‐Graphene Heterojunction
- Robert Bogdanowicz
- Mateusz Ficek
- Michał Sobaszek
- Adrian Nosek
- Łukasz Gołuński
- Jakub Karczewski
- Andrés Jaramillo-botero
- William A. Goddard III
- Marc Bockrath
- Tadeusz Ossowski
2019 Pełny tekst ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
Many material device applications would benefit from thin diamond coatings, but current growth techniques, such as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition require high substrate and gas‐phase temperatures that would destroy the device being coated. The development of freestanding, thin boron‐doped diamond nanosheets grown on tantalum foil substrates via microwave plasma‐assisted CVD is reported. These diamond sheets (measuring up to 4 × 5 mm in planar area, and 300–600 nm in thickness) are removed from the substrate using mechanical exfoliation and then transferred to other substrates, including Si/SiO2 and graphene. The electronic properties of the resulting diamond nanosheets and their dependence on the free‐standing growth, the mechanical exfoliation and transfer processes, and ultimately on their composition are characterized. To validate this, a prototypical diamond nanosheet–graphene field effect transistor‐like (DNGfet) device is developed and its electronic transport properties are studied as a function of temperature. The resulting DNGfet device exhibits thermally activated transport (thermionic conductance) above 50 K. Below 50 K a transition to variable range hopping is observed. These findings demonstrate the first step towards a low‐temperature diamond‐based transistor.
Guessing Intrinsic Forwarding Trustworthiness of Wireless Ad Hoc Network Nodes
- Jerzy Konorski
- Karol Rydzewski
2019 Pełny tekst
A novel node misbehavior detection system called GIFTED is proposed for a multihop wireless ad hoc network (WAHN) whose nodes may selfishly refuse to forward transit packets. The system guesses the nodes’ intrinsic forwarding trustworthiness (IFT) by analyzing end-to-end path performance rather than utilizing unreliable and incentive incompatible low-layer mechanisms. It can work with occasional IFT jumps, directional antennae, multichannel transmission, end-to-end encrypted packets, any single-path source routing protocol, and any number of selfish nodes; this makes it a valuable alternative to existing misbehavior detection schemes. GIFTED relies on approximate decomposition of a path equation system arising from successive performance reports from source nodes. The ability to near-perfectly guess IFT in the presence of various perturbations is demonstrated through Monte Carlo and time-true simulations, and compared with an existing weighted path trust scheme.
Guided Wave Propagation in Detection of Partial Circumferential Debonding in Concrete Structures
- Beata Zima
2019 Pełny tekst SENSORS
The following article presents results of investigating the damage detection in reinforced concrete beams with artificially introduced debonding between the rod and cover, using a non-destructive method based on elastic waves propagation. The primary aim of the research was to analyze the possible use of guided waves in partial circumferential debonding detection. Guided waves were excited and registered in reinforced concrete specimens with varying extents of debonding damage by piezoelectric sensors attached at both ends of the beams. Experimental results in the form of time–domain signals registered for variable extent of debonding were compared, and the relationships relating to the damage size and time of flight and average wave velocity were proposed. The experimental results were compared with theoretical predictions based on dispersion curves traced for the free rod of circular cross-section and rectangular reinforced concrete cross-section. The high agreement of theoretical and experimental data proved that the proposed method, taking advantage of average wave velocity, can be efficiently used for assessing debonding size in reinforced concrete structures. It was shown that the development of damage size in circumferential direction has a completely different impact on wave velocity than development of debonding length. The article contains a continuation of work previously conducted on the detection of delamination in concrete structures. The proposed relationship is the next essential step for developing a diagnostics method for detecting debondings of any size and orientation.
Hard carbon derived from rice husk as low cost negative electrodes in Na-ion batteries
- Maria Rybarczyk
- Yunming Li
- Mo Qiao
- Yong-Sheng Hu
- Magdalena Titirici
- Marek Lieder
2019 Journal of Energy Chemistry
Here, we report the synthesis of hard carbon materials (RH) made from natural rice husk through a single pyrolysis process and their application as an anode in sodium-ion batteries. The studies show that the electrochemical properties of RHs are affected by the treatment temperatures, which determine the materials morphology, in particular, their degree of graphitization and extent of continuous channels (nanovoids). The latter are accessible to sodium ions and significantly contribute to charge storage capacity of the produced anodes. The RHs obtained at 1600 °C deliver the highest reversible capacity of 276 mAh g−1 mainly due to insertion of sodium ions into the nanovoids. This work deepens the basic understanding of the influence of the carbonization temperature on the sodium storage mechanism.