2020 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Publikacje z roku 2020

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Designing of Parking Spaces on Parking Taking into Account the Parameters of Design Vehicles
- Miroslava Mikusova
- Jamshid Abdunazarov
- Joanna Żukowska
- Juraj Jagelcak
2020 Pełny tekst Computation
Nowadays, in all cities, there is an acute problem of a lack of parking spaces. The number of vehicles is constantly increasing not only in big cities and megacities, but also in small towns of the country, and there are not enough parking places—the pace of solving the problem is several times slower than the growth rate of transport among citizens. The paper is dedicated to the determination of an optimal size of a parking place for design vehicles in a parking space as an element of roads. In the example of passenger cars and trucks, the optimal number of parking places is presented. The results of the research on the dimensioning of parking spaces serve as recommendations and can be used for the design of objects of transportation infrastructure. According to the research, authors introduce the term “design vehicle” and provide its definition. They also figure out optimal parameters for each design vehicle and recommend a special template for designing parking places.
DESIGNING OF PARKING SPACES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE PARAMETERS OF DESIGN VEHICLES IN RUSSIA
- Miroslava Mikusova
- Jamshid Abdunazarov
- Joanna Żukowska
- Alisher Usmankulov
2020 Pełny tekst Communications - Scientific Letters of the University of Zilina
Nowadays, in all the cities, there is an acute problem of a lack of parking spaces. The number of vehicles are becoming more and more larger, not only in megacities, but in small cities of the country, as well and there are no more parking places - the pace of solving the problem is several times slower than the rate of the transport growth among the citizens. The article is dedicated to the determination of the optimum sizes parking place for designing vehicles on a parking space, which is an element of the roads. The optimum amount parking places are determined on examples of the passenger cars and trucks. The results of research on dimensioning of parking spaces and recommendations to use the results for design of objects of transportation infrastructure are presented. According to the research, authors included the term "design vehicle" and gave its definition. The authors developed a template for 7 types of design vehicles and their sizes and also recommended sizes for longitudinal parking for each of their design vehicles. The optimum parking plot angles are determined, as well.
Design-oriented computationally-efficient feature-based surrogate modelling of multi-band antennas with nested kriging
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
2020 Pełny tekst AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS
Design of modern antenna structures heavily depends on electromagnetic (EM) simulation tools. EM analysis provides reliable evaluation of increasingly complex designs but tends to be CPU intensive. When multiple simulations are needed (e.g., for parameters tuning), the aggregated simulation cost may become a serious bottleneck. As one possible way of mitigating the issue, the recent literature fosters utilization of faster representations, or surrogates, of the system at hand. Notwithstanding, conventional models are severely affected by the curse of dimensionality. In practice, modelling of antenna structures described by no more than a few parameters over narrow parameter ranges is possible. In the context of the structural complexity of modern antennas, this is hardly acceptable. This paper presents a novel technique for cost-efficient design-oriented modelling of multi-band antennas. Our approach integrates a recently reported nested kriging framework and the response feature technology. This combination enables rendering of reliable surrogates valid within broad ranges of geometry parameters while using small training data sets. Benchmarking against conventional modelling methods demonstrates superiority of the proposed framework in terms of both the predictive power of the surrogate and its setup cost. Design applications for antenna optimization are discussed as well.
Design-oriented modeling of antenna structures by means of two-level kriging with explicit dimensionality reduction
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
2020 AEU-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS
The employment of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) analysis is a practical necessity in the design of contemporary antenna structures. This is because simpler models are generally not available or of limited accuracy. At the same time, EM-based design is computationally expensive. Consequently, the ways of accelerating tasks such as parametric optimization or uncertainty quantification have to be sought. A possible workaround that has been gaining popularity over the recent years is utilization of fast surrogates. Among these, data-driven models are the most popular due to their versatility and easy handling. Notwithstanding, the curse of dimensionality and utility requirements (e.g., having the surrogate valid over broad ranges of geometry and operating parameters) limit the applicability of conventional approximation approaches to antenna modeling. Recently proposed performance-driven methods, especially the nested kriging framework, allow for going beyond the capability of the standard techniques. This is achieved by an appropriate confinement of the model domain, defined to contain only high-quality designs with respect to the selected performance figures. This paper proposes a novel approach, which combines the main idea of the nested kriging, specifically, the first-level model as a tool for constructing the domain-defining manifold, as well as principal component analysis to reduce the domain dimensionality in an explicit manner. Comprehensive benchmarking using three antenna structures indicates superiority of our methodology over conventional techniques, but also nested kriging, in terms of the achievable predictive power. The latter is obtained without compromising design utility of the model as demonstrated through application case studies.
Design-Oriented Two-Stage Surrogate Modeling of Miniaturized Microstrip Circuits with Dimensionality Reduction
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Anna Pietrenko-Dąbrowska
- Muath Al-hasan
2020 Pełny tekst IEEE Access
Contemporary microwave design heavily relies on full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulation tools. This is especially the case for miniaturized devices where EM cross-coupling effects cannot be adequately accounted for using equivalent network models. Unfortunately, EM analysis incurs considerable computational expenses, which becomes a bottleneck whenever multiple evaluations are required. Common simulation-based design tasks include parametric optimization and uncertainty quantification. These can be accelerated using fast replacement models, among which the data-driven surrogates are the most popular. Notwithstanding, a construction of approximation models for microwave components is hindered by the dimensionality issues as well as high nonlinearity of system characteristics. A partial alleviation of the mentioned difficulties can be achieved with the recently reported performance-driven modeling methods, including the nested kriging framework. Therein, the computational benefits are obtained by appropriate confinement of the surrogate model domain, spanned by a set of pre-optimized reference designs, and by focusing on the parameter space region that contains high quality designs with respect to the considered performance figures. This paper presents a methodology that incorporates the concept of nested kriging and enhances it by explicit dimensionality reduction based on spectral decomposition of the reference design set. Extensive verification studies conducted for a compact rat-race coupler and a three-section impedance matching transformer demonstrate superiority of the presented approach over both the conventional techniques and the nested kriging in terms of modeling accuracy. Design utility of our surrogates is corroborated through application cases studies.
Detection and Imaging of Debonding in Adhesive Joints of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Steel Plates Using Guided Waves and Weighted Root Mean Square
- Erwin Wojtczak
- Magdalena Rucka
- Magdalena Knak
2020 Pełny tekst Materials
Strengthening of engineering structures is an important issue, especially for elements subjected to variable loads. In the case of concrete beams or slabs, one of the most popular approaches assumes mounting an external reinforcement in the form of steel or composite elements by structural adhesives. A significant disadvantage of adhesive joints is the lack of access to the adhesive film for visual condition assessment, thus, there is a need for non-destructive diagnostics of these kinds of connections. The aim of this paper was the identification and visualization of defects in adhesive joints between concrete beams and steel plates using the guided wave propagation technique. The initial theoretical and numerical analyses were performed. The experimental wave field was excited and measured by the scanning laser Doppler vibrometry. The collected signals were processed by the weighted root mean square (WRMS) calculation. As a result, 2-D damage maps were obtained. The numerical simulations were performed to corroborate the experimental results. The results showed that the guided waves could be successfully applied in non-destructive diagnostics of adhesive joints between concrete and steel elements. However, the quality of damage visualizations strongly depended on the location of excitation.
Detection and size estimation of crack in plate based on guided wave propagation
- Beata Zima
- Rafał Kędra
2020 Pełny tekst MECHANICAL SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING
The paper presents results of the comprehensive theoretical and experimental investigation of crack detection in metallic plate using guided wave propagation. The main aim of the paper is to develop the novel method which would allow for linear crack size estimation with the use of minimal number of the transducers. In general, there exists the relation between length of the propagation path and the wave amplitude value. However, we have shown that the amplitude value can be also influenced by the interaction with the damage. The meaningful differences in the amplitudes of waves reflected from various damage zones (the end and middle point) have become the foundation of the novel algorithm of line-crack detection. All stages of the algorithm have been described in detail and then the experimental tests were conducted. The experimental investigation involved crack detection and its size estimation for four different configurations of piezo transducers. Each configuration consisted of one actuator and three sensors, what which so far was the minimum number of sensors for point damage detection. The damage maps created on the basis of the collected time-domain signals visualized the exact crack orientation in each case. It has been revealed that the developed algorithm allows also for determining the crack size when the configuration of the transducers is designed properly.
Detection, identification and determination of chiral pharmaceutical residues in wastewater: Problems and challenges
- Aysegul Dogan
- Justyna Płotka-Wasylka
- Dagmara Kempińska-Kupczyk
- Jacek Namieśnik
- Agata Kot-Wasik
2020 Pełny tekst TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Chiral pharmaceuticals (CPs) are widely used in different areas of human life, thus they are frequentlydetected in different ecosystems. However, before CPs reach the environment, wastewater is subjected todifferent treatment processes in order to remove them. Nevertheless, such processes may affect thechirality of CPs, thus it is very important to monitor CP levels during the wastewater treatment.This review addresses the present state of knowledge concerning the input, occurrence, fate and ef-fects of CPs in the environment. It focuses primarily on wastewater analysis, problems and challengesconnected with trace levels of CP enantiomers and highly complex matrices of samples. Analytical ap-proaches used in detection, identification and determination of enantiomers are presented. The appli-cation of the results of wastewater analysis to obtain information on the population's health andbehaviour has been included and discussed. Moreover, the prospects of the future trends in greenenantiomeric analysis are described.
Detection of debonding in reinforced concrete beams using ultrasonic transmission tomography and hybrid ray tracing technique
- Monika Zielińska
- Magdalena Rucka
2020 Pełny tekst CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
This paper concerns inspection of reinforced concrete elements, with particular emphasis on assessing the quality of the adhesive connection between steel and concrete. A novel theoretical model was developed to determine the paths of transmitted, refracted and reflected elastic waves as well as a creeping wave propagated along the inclusion surface. Imaging the internal structure of tested beams was based on wave propagation measurements carried out on their surface and computed tomography. The ray tracing was performed by the hybrid approach as a combination of the network theory and the ray bending methods. The obtained results indicated a great potential of ultrasonic tomography in detection of debonding in reinforced concrete structures.
DETERMINATION OF ADDITIONAL TENSION IN TOWED STREAMER CABLE TRIGGERED BY COLLISION WITH UNDERWATER MOVING OBJECT
- Vladimir Blintsov
- Konstantin Trunin
- Wiesław Tarełko
2020 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
The paper deals with issues connected with the behaviour of a streamer cable towed by a survey seismic vessel when the cable undergoes a strike triggered by collision with an underwater moving object. The consequences of such collisions may be both threat to the life of marine animals or damage to underwater units and large economic losses suffered by vessel owners. The risk of such collisions has increased over the last years as a result of increased offshore seismic survey operations. Therefore, a towed streamer should be very robust. To assure its robustness, we should know the deformation mechanism of a single streamer cable. This in turn requires the development of an appropriate mathematical model of such a phenomenon. In particular, the paper presents the characteristics of seismic survey vessels and streamers; an analysis of collisions that have occurred in the past; a statement of the problem, and a computer-aided system supporting simulation of the cable behaviour. To obtain all the necessary design parameters regarding the deformation mechanism of a streamer cable, we set up a dedicated computer-aided system that supports their calculation.
Determination of aminoglycoside antibiotics: current status and future trends
- Marta Glinka
- Wojciech Wojnowski
- Andrzej Wasik
2020 Pełny tekst TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
The use of aminoglycoside antibiotics is prevalent in medicine and agriculture. Their overuse increases their mobility in the environment, resulting in a need for reliable methods for their determination in a variety of matrices. However, the properties of aminoglycosides, in particular their high polarity, make the development of such methods a non-trivial task, inciting researchers to tackle this complex issue from different angles. The necessity to determine aminoglycosides in complex matrices and at low concentration levels requires the development of relatively elaborate sample preparation methods and the use of selective and sensitive detection techniques. Various modes of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry are usually the analytical methods of choice. However, the recent developments in techniques such as bioassays, quantum dot-based colourimetric applications and various aptasensors point towards the development of more easily accessible and user-friendly point-of-need tests for screening applications in food control and environmental monitoring. This review summarizes the state-of-the-art in sample preparation protocols and the determination of aminoglycosides using various techniques and outlines the future trends with an emphasis placed on the novel and emerging solutions in this area.
Determination of bromhexine and its metabolites in equine serum samples by liquid chromatography – Tandem mass spectrometry: Applicability to the elimination study after single oral dose
- Emilia Waraksa
- Katarzyna Owczarek
- Paweł Kubica
- Ewa Kłodzińska
- Mariusz Ozimek
- Robert Wrzesień
- Barbara Bobrowska-Korczak
- Jacek Namieśnik
2020 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
Bromhexine (BH), expectorant used in the treatment of respiratory disorders associated with viscid or excessive mucus, is not permitted for use in the competing horse by many authorities in horseracing and Olympic disciplines. Metabolic studies are of the great importance in anti-doping field because they allow for updating the selection of the most appropriate markers for prohibited substances, such as metabolites present at higher concentration levels and/or lasted for a longer period of time in biological samples than a parent drug. This study describes LC-MS/MS-based method for simultaneous determination of BH and its metabolites, including 4-(2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzylamino)cyclohexanol (4-HDMB), 3-(2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzylamino)cyclohexanol (3-HDMB), in equine serum samples. The 2-(2-amino-3,5-dibromobenzylamino)cyclohexanol (2-HDMB) was monitored as well. The assay was validated in terms of linearity (R2 greater than 0.9951), intra- and inter-assay accuracy (91.6 – 109.1%) and precision (CV < 9.6%) as well as recovery (94.8 – 105.65%). The LODs were 0.0052, 0.0053, 0.0056 and 0.0043 ng/mL for BH, 2-HDMB, 3-HDMB and 4-HDMB, respectively. The developed method was applied to determine the time curses of BH and its metabolites concentrations in equine serum collected for 95.25 h following a single oral administration of BH to two healthy mares (in dose of 0.8 mg/kg). The parent drug was found at higher concentration levels than 3-HDMB (major metabolite) and 4-HDMB (minor metabolite), however, both BH metabolites lasted for a longer period of time in equine serum than the parent drug. Thus, both metabolites of BH can be considered as BH abuse markers.
Determination of energy-transfer distributions in ionizing ion-molecule collisions
- Suvasthika Indrajith
- Ewa Erdmann
- Jacopo Chiarinelli
- Alicja Domaracka
- Marta Łabuda
- Lorenzo Avaldi
- Manuel Alcami
- Nestor F. Aguirre
- Sergio Díaz-Tendero
- Paola Bolognesi
- Patrick Rousseau
- Bernd Alan Huber
2020 Pełny tekst Journal of Physics : Conference Series
The main objective of this study is to determine the energy transfer occuring in ion-molecule collisions. In order to solve this problem, we followed two approaches; the first one by validating a purely experimental method and the second one by testing a new theoretical model M3C (Microcanonical Metropolis Monte Carlo).
Determination of long-chain aldehydes using a novel quartz crystal microbalance sensor based on a biomimetic peptide
- Tomasz Wasilewski
- Bartosz Szulczyński
- Marek Wojciechowski
- Wojciech Kamysz
- Jacek Gębicki
2020 MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
There is an increasingly popular trend aimed at improvement of fundamental metrological parameters of sensors via implementation of materials mimicking biological olfactory systems. This study presents investigation on usefulness of the peptide mimicking HarmOBP7 region as a receptor element of the piezoelectric sensor for selective analysis of long-chain aldehydes. Identification of odorant binding proteins creates new possibilities for design of peptides mimicking binding properties of their volatile compounds. Exploration of OBPs and new peptide sequences capable to effectively bind volatile compounds is necessary to enhance artificial olfaction. For the development of biosensors where simple detection is crucial rather than identification of subsequent metabolic activity, the use of sub-protein components (e.g. ligand-binding regions or synthetic peptides) is still escalating. Bearing all this in mind, a segment of a peptide sequence associated with a specific function of HarmOBP7 (involved in binding the long-chain aldehydes) has been designed, synthesised and immobilised on a piezoelectric transducer. The results of in silico investigations were correlated with the experimental measurements of gas substances. The correlated results confirm a high selectivity of the KLLFDSLTDLKKKMSEC-based sensor with respect to long-chain aliphatic aldehydes including octanal, decanal, undecanal, nonanal and helional. Odorant molecules interact with recognition peptide with specific affinities. The lowest limit of detection, 14 ppm was calculated for nonanal. The results can throw a new light on the possibility of synthetic peptide application as a receptor layer in biosensors in odorants analysis.
Determination of phenol biodegradation pathways in three psychrotolerant yeasts, Candida subhashii A011, Candida oregonensis B021 and Schizoblastosporion starkeyi-henricii L012, isolated from Rucianka peatland
- Natalia Filipowicz
- Malwina Momotko
- Grzegorz Boczkaj
- Hubert Cieśliński
2020 Pełny tekst ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
In this study, three psychrotolerant phenol-degrading yeast strains Candida subhashii (strain A011), Candida oregonenis (strain B021) and Schizoblastosporion starkeyi-henricii (strain L012) isolated from Rucianka peatland were examined to determine which alternative metabolic pathway for phenol biodegradation is used by these microorganisms. All yeast strains were cultivated in minimal salt medium supplemented with phenol at 500, 750 and 1000 mg l−1 concentration with two ways of conducting phenol biodegradation experiments: with and without the starving step of yeast cells. For studied yeast strains, no catechol 2,3-dioxygenase activities were detected by enzymatic assay and no products of catechol meta-cleavage in yeast cultures supernatants (GC–MS analysis), were detected. The detection of catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity and the presence of cis,cis-muconic acid in the analyzed samples revealed that all studied psychrotolerant yeast strains were able to metabolize phenol via the ortho-cleavage pathway. Therefore, they may be tested in terms of their use to develop biotechnology for the production of cis,cis-muconic acid, a substrate used in the production of plastics (PET) and other valuable goods.
DETERMINATION OF SEAKEEPING PERFORMANCE FOR A CASE STUDY VESSEL BY THE STRIP THEORY METHOD
- Karol Niklas
- Artur Karczewski
2020 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
The increase of seakeeping performance is of particular importance for car and passenger ferries, service ships in the gas and oil extraction industry and offshore wind power farm industry, as well as for special purpose ships (including military applications). In the water areas of the Baltic Sea, North Sea, and Mediterranean Sea, which are characterised by a short and steep wave, the hull shape has a substantial impact on the operational capacity and propulsion efficiency of the ship, as well as on comfort and safety of navigation. The article analyses selected aspects of seakeeping for four variants of a selected case study vessel, indicating practical limitations of the strip method. The analysed aspects included hull heaving and pitching, added resistance, Motion Thickness Indicator (MSI), and Subjective Magnitude (SM). Experimental tests were also performed in the towing tank. Their comparison with the numerical results has indicated high inaccuracy of the strip method. What is more, the simplified representation of hull shape used in the strip method makes it impossible to analyse the effect of hull shape changes on the predicted seakeeping characteristics. Especially for the case of head wave, neglecting highly non-linear phenomena, such as slamming or head wave breaking, in strip method-based computer simulations will significantly decrease the reliability of the obtained results. When using the strip method, the seakeeping analysis should be complemented with model tests in a towing tank, or by another more complex numerical analysis, such as CFD for instance.
Determination of the Bending Properties of Wire Rope Used in Cable Barrier Systems
- Dawid Bruski
2020 Pełny tekst Materials
This paper presents research on the bending properties of 3 × 7 19-mm wire rope commonly used in road cable barriers. A total of 19 experimental tests were conducted. In addition, two nonlinear 3D numerical models of the wire rope using beam and solid finite elements were developed. Based on these models, four numerical simulations were carried out. The numerical results were validated against the experimental ones and a very good agreement was obtained. The main result of the research is the determination of the moment–curvature relationship for the wire rope considered. The effect of prestretching on the rope performance is discussed. The numerical results are analyzed in this paper in detail, including the behavior of the wire rope under bending and analyses of the cross-sectional and contact stresses. Suggestions concerning the type of finite element for wire rope modeling are also given. The results can be used, for example, in numerical simulations of crash tests of cable barriers.
Determination of the dynamic critical maneuvering area in an encounter between two vessels: Operation with negligible environmental disruption
- Mateusz Gil
- Jakub Montewka
- Przemysław Krata
- Tomasz Hinz
- Spyros Hirdaris
2020 Pełny tekst OCEAN ENGINEERING
This paper introduces the concept of Collision Avoidance Dynamic Critical Area (CADCA) for onboard Decision Support Systems (DSS). The indicator proposed is derived via identification of a minimum required maneuvering zone in an encounter between two vessels. The CADCA model accounts for ship maneuvering dynamics and associated hydrodynamic actions emerging from different rudder angles and forward speed effects. The method presented is novel as it considers the variability of a critical area due to dynamic changes in operational parameters for both vessels. Results of the simulations carried out in negligible weather conditions confirm that computed zones may differ significantly in terms of shapes and limits. It is demonstrated that the size of the CADCA depends on the rudder angle, forward speed, as well as the dimensions of the vessels.
DETERMINATION OF THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE CORROSION OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM BASED ON ANALYSIS OF ON-LINE CORROSION MONITORING RESULTS
- Agata Jażdżewska
- Maciej Gruszka
- Robert Mazur
- Juliusz Orlikowski
- Jacek Banaś
2020 Pełny tekst ARCHIVES OF METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
Corrosion of water distribution system is a significant issue causing problems with quality, safety and continuity of distribution. The changes of corrosion rates of the water distribution systems in Cracow made of carbon steel were investigated by analysis of online corrosion monitoring system results. Corrosion rates were determined using the linear polarization method. The impact of rain, temperatures, conductivity, dissolved oxygen content on corrosion rate were characterized. The corrosivity of different water sources like mountain water, underground water or river water were indicated. The possible actions for reducing corrosion losses were characterized. Results show that pollution of the environment in the form of acid rain and runoff from agriculture as well as the type of the source water has significant influence on corrosion of water distribution system. Corrosion monitoring system gives possibility of controlling corrosion rate by mixing waters from different sources in the way to obtain less corrosive mixture
DETERMINATION OF THE HYDROXYL NUMBER OF GROUND TIRE RUBBER PARTICLES VIA MODIFIED TEST METHOD FOR ISOCYANATE GROUPS
- Aleksander Hejna
- Paulina Kosmela
- Adam Olszewski
- Łukasz Zedler
- Krzysztof Formela
2020 Pełny tekst
Nowadays, considering the environmental trends and law regulations associated with the circular economy, it is very important to seek for the methods of by-products and waste utilization. The example of such material, which requires the attention and recycling method is ground tire rubber generated during recycling of post-consumer car tires. It can be introduced into various polymer matrices as a filler, but to enhance its effectivity it is essential to guarantee the interfacial compatibility. Therefore, the fast and simple methods for determination of the waste rubber chemical structure are needed. In the presented paper, we are presenting the method for the determination of hydroxyl number of ground tire rubber, based on the modified standard test method for isocyanate groups. Hydroxyl number is used as a quantitative measure of the hydroxyl groups content, which is essential during manufacturing of multiple polymeric materials, such as polyurethanes, epoxy resins, polyesters or polyamides. Moreover, the presence of hydroxyls on the rubber surface may be exploited during compatibilization of composites.