2021 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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Phosphorus and nitrogen forms in liquid fraction of digestates from agricultural biogas plants
- Agnieszka Tuszyńska
- Anna Wilińska
- Krzysztof Czerwionka
2021 ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY
The novelty of the presented research is the determination of the nitrogen and phosphorus fraction in the liquid fraction of digestate from agricultural biogas plants. This information is important because it can help in proposing possible further liquid fraction management or developing of new technologies for their purification. The research covered digestates from agricultural biogas plants, obtained from the fermentation of three different groups of waste, i.e. agricultural lignocellulosic waste (where corn silage was a monosubstrate or a dominant co-substrate), food waste (where fruit and vegetable waste or distillery residue were monosubstrate or dominant cosubstrate) and livestock manure (where cow manure was a monosubstrate or a dominant cosubstrate). Concentrations of nutrients in the liquid fraction of digestates varied within a wide range (230.9–649.1 mg PO4 3−/L and 1363–3211 mg N/L), and their content was determined by the feedstock characteristic. The highest concentrations of organic phosphorus were found in the liquid fraction of digestates from the fermentation of distillery brew and livestock manure, and the lowest in the fermentation of fruit and vegetable waste. In the liquid fraction of digestates from agricultural biogas plants, regardless of the composition of the feedstock, the dominant nitrogen form was ammonium nitrogen (from 60% to 90% TN). Organic nitrogen was dominated by CON fraction, which was from 35% to 54% of ON. It was 1.3–1.6 times higher than the DON fraction
Phosphorus concentration and availability in raw organic waste and post fermentation products
- Agnieszka Tuszyńska
- Krzysztof Czerwionka
- Hanna Obarska-Pempkowiak
2021 JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
The aim of the study was to determine the mobility of phosphorus forms in raw organic waste and from the solid and liquid fractions of digestate. To achieve the purpose of this study, the components (including livestock manure, agricultural waste, food waste, sewage sludge) and their post fermentation products were considered. Subsequently, the effect of the fermentation process on the mobility of phosphorus forms in post-fermentation fractions (solid and liquid) was investigated. Then, the evaluation of the fertilising potential of digestate fractions was assessed. The available organic and inorganic phosphorus forms were determined according to the Standards in Measurements and Testing (SMT) Programme extraction protocol and according to the acid molybdate spectrophotometric method. It has been shown that phosphorus in digestates occurred mainly in inorganic forms with Fe, Al, Mn, Mg and Ca ions. Its proportion in relation to total phosphorus ranged from 80 to 90%. The lowest phosphorus content was found in digestate from the fermentation of agricultural and food waste (fruit and vegetables), while digestate from livestock manure and sewage sludge fermentation was rich in phosphorus. It was shown that the solid fractions of digestate represented from 30 to 70% of highly labile phosphorus (i.e. phosphorus with organic matter and in bonds with Al, Fe, Mg and Mn oxides and hydroxides) in relation to total phosphorus. However, the share of labile phosphorus forms in the liquid fraction of digestates was much higher and accounted for 80–90% of the total phosphorus.
Photogrammetry image-based approach for imperfect structure modelling and FE analysis
- Krzysztof Wołoszyk
- Paweł Bielski
- Yordan Garbatov
- Tomasz Mikulski
2021 Pełny tekst OCEAN ENGINEERING
This study aims to model and analyse imperfect tructures using real measurements, employing photogrammetry technique commonly used in the geodesy. The study highlights the capability of the photogrammetry in aiding the structural analysis of imperfect engineering objects. Firstly, the photogrammetry measurements of a stiﬀened plate are carried out using a specially designed for the purpose experimental stand. Then, the plate surface geometry and structural conﬁguration are reconstructed using commercial software. The resulting cloud of points is transformed into a regular mesh with a controlled grid size using a specially developed algorithm. The geometry of a stiﬀened plate, with measured initial imperfections, is then transferred to a ﬁnite element model and analysed. The ultimate strength analysis of stiffened plates considering different imperfections modelling techniques is conducted. The results are compared with the one obtained for measured imperfections, and several conclusions are derived. The proposed methodology revealed to be cost-effective and can be applied in various branches of shipbuilding and ocean engineering.
Photoluminescence as a probe of phosphorene properties
- Maciej R. Molas
- Łukasz Macewicz
- Aleksandra Wieloszyńska
- Paweł Jakóbczyk
- Andrzej Wysmołek
- Robert Bogdanowicz
- Jacek B. Jasinski
2021 Pełny tekst npj 2D Materials and Applications
Here, we provide a detailed evaluation of photoluminescence (PL) as a comprehensive tool for phosphorene characterization with the emphasis on a prominent quantitative role of PL in providing fingerprint-like features due to its extreme sensitivity to the band structure details, anisotropy, disorder, external fields, etc. Factors such as number of layers, dimensionality, structural and chemical disorder, and environmental factors and their effect on phosphorene’s PL signal are reviewed and discussed. Applications of PL in monitoring phosphorene and its modifications, as well as potential impacts on the fields of chemical and biosensing, nanomedicine, and solar energy harvesting, are also elaborated.
PHOTON LUMINESCENCE STUDIES OF TETRAHYDROFURAN FOLLOWING TRIHYDROGEN CATIONS IMPACT IN THE 20–1000 EV ENERGY RANGE
- Tomasz Wąsowicz
2021 Pełny tekst Romanian Reports in Physics
Photon emission arising during tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O, THF) fragmentation initiated by H3 + ion impact has been studied experimentally. Luminescence fragmentation spectra and the relative emission cross-sections of the excited fragments have been measured using collision-induced emission spectroscopy in the 20–1000 eV energy range. The main features in the spectra are the H Balmer series lines, whose intensities decrease with increasing principal quantum number n more quickly than predicted by quantum theory. Optical spectra also display weak emission of vibrationally and rotationally excited diatomic CH fragments. The possible mechanisms leading to the observed products are discussed.
Photoresponsive Amide-Based Derivatives of Azobenzene-4,4′-Dicarboxylic Acid—Experimental and Theoretical Studies
- Natalia Łukasik
- Koleta Hemine
- Iwona Anusiewicz
- Piotr Skurski
- Ewa Paluszkiewicz
2021 Pełny tekst Materials
Azobenzene derivatives are one of the most important molecular switches for biological and material science applications. Although these systems represent a well-known group of compounds, there remains a need to identify the factors influencing their photochemical properties in order to design azobenzene-based technologies in a rational way. In this contribution, we describe the synthesis and characterization of two novel amides (L1 and L2) containing photoresponsive azobenzene units. The photochemical properties of the obtained compounds were investigated in DMSO by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, as well as 1H NMR spectroscopy, and the obtained results were rationalized via Density Functional Theory (DFT) methods. After irradiation with UV light, both amides underwent trans to cis isomerization, yielding 40% and 22% of the cis isomer of L1 and L2 amides, respectively. Quantum yields of this process were determined as 6.19% and 2.79% for L1 and L2, respectively. The reverse reaction (i.e., cis to trans isomerization) could be achieved after thermal or visible light activation. The analysis of the theoretically determined equilibrium structure of the transition-state connecting cis and trans isomers on the reaction path indicated that the trans-cis interconversion is pursued via the flipping of the substituent, rather than its rotation around the N=N bond. The kinetics of thermal back-reaction and the effect of the presence of the selected ions on the half-life of the cis form were also investigated and discussed. In the case of L1, the presence of fluoride ions sped the thermal relaxation up, whereas the half-life time of cis-L2 was extended in the presence of tested ions.
Physics-Based Coarse-Grained Modeling in Bio- and Nanochemistry
- Adam Liwo
- Adam K. Sieradzan
- Agnieszka S. Karczyńska
- Emilia Lubecka
- Sergey A. Samsonov
- Cezary Czaplewski
- Paweł Krupa
- Magdalena Mozolewska
2021
Coarse-grained approaches, in which groups of atoms are represented by single interaction sites, are very important in biological and materials sciences because they enable us to cover the size- and time-scales by several orders of magnitude larger than those available all-atom simulations, while largely keeping the details of the systems studied. The coarse-grained approaches differ by the scheme of reduction and by the origin and parameterization of the respective force fields. Both statistical (database-derived) and physics-based potentials are used, the physics-based potentials enabling us to bridge the coarse-grained level with the all-atom level, which is necessary when carrying out the simulations at multiple resolutions (multiscale simulations). The physics-based potentials originate from the potential of mean force (PMF) of a system under study, in which the degrees of freedom that are not considered in the model are averaged out. For tractability and transferability the PMF has to be expressed as a sum of contributions that constitute the effective energy terms. These terms are often assigned analytical expressions imported from all-atom force fields or engineered to reproduce certain structural patterns (e.g., the secondary structures of proteins or nucleic acids). Tabulated (model-free) potentials are also applied. Approaches also exist in which the effective energy terms are derived systematically by splitting the potential of mean force into transferable terms, e.g., by expressing the PMF by the Kubo cluster-cumulant functions. Two approaches, or a combination thereof, are applied in the parameterization of the coarse-grained force fields: the bottom-up one, in which the potentials of mean force are determined from atomistically-detailed calculations and then used to parameterize the respective expressions, and the top-down approach, in which the force field is tuned to fit the experimental data. In this chapter, the theory and parameterization of the physics-based coarse-grained force fields, along with the corresponding methods of conformational search are reviewed. Examples of physics-based coarse-grained force fields applied to study biomolecules and their assemblies and nanosystems are discussed.
Physics-guided neural networks (PGNNs) to solve differential equations for spatial analysis
- Bartłomiej Borzyszkowski
- Karol Damaszke
- Jakub Romankiewicz
- Marcin Świniarski
- Marek Moszyński
2021 Pełny tekst Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences-Technical Sciences
Numerous examples of physically unjustified neural networks, despite satisfactory performance, generate contradictions with logic and lead to many inaccuracies in the final applications. One of the methods to justify the typical black-box model already at the training stage and lead to many inaccuracies in the final applications. One of the methods to justify the typical black-box model already at the training stage involves extending its cost function by a relationship directly inspired by the physical formula. This publication explains the concept of physics- involves extending its cost function by a relationship directly inspired by the physical formula. This publication explains the concept of Phys- guided neural network (PGNN), makes an overview of already proposed solutions in the field and describes possibilities of implementing ics-guided neural networks (PGNN), makes an overview of already proposed solutions in the field and describes possibilities of implementing physics-based loss functions for spatial analysis. Our approach shows that the model predictions are not only optimal but also scientifically physics-based loss functions for spatial analysis. Our approach shows that the model predictions are not only optimal but also scientifically consistent with domain specific equations. Furthermore, we present two applications of PGNNs and illustrate their advantages in theory by consistent with domain specific equations. Furthermore, we present two applications of PGNNs and illustrate their advantages in theory by solving Poisson’s and Burger’s partial differential equations. The proposed formulas describe various real-world processes and have numerous solving Poisson’s and Burger’s partial differential equations. The proposed formulas describe various real-world processes and have numerous applications in the area of applied mathematics. Eventually, the usage of scientific knowledge contained in the tailored cost functions shows that applications in the area of applied mathematics. Eventually, the usage of scientific knowledge contained in the tailored cost functions shows that our methods guarantee physics-consistent results as well as better generalizability of the model compared to classical, artificial neural networks. our methods guarantee physics-consistent results as well as better generalizability of the model compared to classical, artificial neural networks
Physiological Biomarkers Assessed by Low‐Tech Exercise Tests Predict Complications and Overall Survival in Patients Undergoing Pneumonectomy Due to Lung Cancer
- Tomasz Marjanski
- Damian Wnuk
- Robert Dziedzic
- Marcin Ostrowski
- Wioletta Sawicka
- Ewa Marjańska
- Witold Rzyman
2021 Pełny tekst Cancers
Due to its debilitating character pneumonectomy this is last‐resort procedure. Preoperative results of the 6‐min walking test (6MWT) help to identify high risk of postoperative complications and increased mortality in patients undergoing lobectomy for lung cancer. The aim of the study was to validate the value of 500 m in 6MWT as an indicator, which differentiates risk of complications in patients undergoing pneumonectomy. 125 patients who underwent pneumonectomy at Thoracic Surgery Department between 2009 and 2018. On the day preceding the surgery, patients underwent 6MWT. The patients were in median age of 63 years. The cut‐off value of 500 m identified patients with increased 90‐day mortality [17.9% vs. 3.5%, odds ratio (OR) 6.271, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.528–25.739], first‐year mortality (30.7% vs. 11.6%, OR 3.378, 95%CI 1.310–8.709), and overall survival (p = 0.02). Patients who covered a distance ≤ 500 m had an increased risk of atrial fibrillation (35.9% vs. 16.3%, OR 2.880, 95%CI 1.207–6.870) and cardiac complications (38.4% vs. 19.8%, OR 2.537, 95%CI 1.100–5.849). Patients unable to reach 500 m in 6MWT are in a high risk of postoperative death after pneumonectomy, what may be a result of increased frequency of postoperative cardiac complications. Poor result of 6MWT is a predictor of worse overall survival.
Pier of the future- investigation of green and blue strategies as tools for modernization of Gdynia's public waterfront
- Dominik Sędzicki
- Jarosław Bąkowski
2021
Between rising water levels and global migration to cities, architects and designers need to critically reimagine the relationship between coastal landscapes and public space. Cities are facing entirely new risks and environmental conditions. Resiliency, infrastructure, and ecology are increasingly common terms, reflecting the growing demand to address the spatial and formal challenges faced by cities worldwide. Rethinking boundaries and edges, designers have unique opportunities to help shape public understanding of these conditions through waterfront parks.
Pierwsza prezentacja obrazu na wystawie "Differentia specifica" w Galerii Feininger w Trzebiatowskim Ośrodku Kultury w Trzebiatowie w terminie 31 lipca do 31 sierpnia 2021. Obraz "Bez tytułu", technika akrylowa na papierze. Wymiary: 75 x 75 cm. Rok powstania: 2021.
- Dominika Krechowicz
2021
Obraz "Bez tytułu", technika akrylowa na papierze. Wymiary: 75 x 75 cm. Rok powstania: 2021
Pin Angle Thermal Effects on Friction Stir Welding of AA5058 Aluminum Alloy: CFD Simulation and Experimental Validation
- Supat Chupradit
- Dmitry Olegovich Bokov
- Wanich Suksatan
- Michał Landowski
- Dariusz Fydrych
- Mahmoud E. Abdullah
- Hesamoddin Aghajani Derazkola
2021 Pełny tekst Materials
The friction stir welding (FSW) of tool pin geometry plays a critical role in the final properties of the produced joint. The tool pin geometry directly affects the generation of heat and the flow of internal materials during the FSW process. The effects of the FSW tool pin angle on heat generation and internal flow have not been quantitatively investigated in detail. In this manuscript, a validated Computational Fluid Dynamic (CFD) model was implemented to analyze the effects of pin angle on the thermo-mechanical action during the FSW process of AA5058 Al-Mg alloy. Experimental test results validate the thermal outcomes of the used model. The obtained results revealed that, when the pin angle is increased, the heat generation decreases while the mechanical action of the tool increases. The internal heat distribution at a higher pin angle is symmetrical. The higher mechanical action of the tool decreases the viscosity of the internal materials and increases stirring action (materials flow) around the pin. Furthermore, plastic flow near the tool increased stirring action and formed a larger stir zone in the joint area.
Planning optimised multi-tasking operations under the capability for parallel machining
- Mieczysław Siemiątkowski
- Mariusz Deja
2021 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF MANUFACTURING SYSTEMS
The advent of advanced multi-tasking machines (MTMs) in the metalworking industry has provided the opportunity for more efficient parallel machining as compared to traditional sequential processing. It entailed the need for developing appropriate reasoning schemes for efficient process planning to take advantage of machining capabilities inherent in these machines. This paper addresses an adequate methodical approach for a non-linear process planning with a variety of alternatives, enabled through the STEP_NC standard. A relevant algorithmic approach of high efficacy is developed for feature clustering and operation sequencing based on AND-OR graph modelling. It involves a discrete modelling scheme for setup formulation so that the workload of machine spindles is levelled and its total cycle time is minimized. The so-formulated optimization problem, and related in particular to feature distribution among setups, can be successfully solved by a non-linear generalized reduced gradient (GRC) algorithm. The solution algorithms outlined can be relatively readily implemented in industrial informatics systems of small and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises. The entire methodical approach is validated through illustrative case studies based on exemplary mill-turn parts.
PLA–Potato Thermoplastic Starch Filament as a Sustainable Alternative to the Conventional PLA Filament: Processing, Characterization, and FFF 3D Printing
- Agnieszka Haryńska
- Helena Janik
- Maciej Sienkiewicz
- Barbara Mikolaszek
- Justyna Kucińska-Lipka
2021 Pełny tekst ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
The growing popularity of the fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printing technology in science, industry, and in-home use is associated with an increased demand for high-quality polymer filaments. This study presents an in-depth characterization and analysis of a self-made bio-based polylactide (PLA)/thermoplastic potato starch (TPS) filament dedicated for the FFF 3D printing technology. The obtained results were compared with the commercial PLA filament (FF). The series of conducted studies (i.e., Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and dynamic mechanical analysis) revealed that both of the investigated filaments are stable under FFF 3D printing conditions. The mechanical test showed a correlation between the print orientation and raster angle on the strength features. The most favorable strengths values were recorded for the ZX_0° configuration, which were ∼18/22 MPa of tensile strength and ∼9/18 kJ m–2 of Charpy impact strength for the PLA/TPS filament and FF, respectively. Also, it was observed that the developed bio-filament has a more hydrophilic surface and is more susceptible to hydrolytic degradation in the phosphate-buffered saline solution than the FF. The composting study (according to the EN ISO 20200 standard) revealed that the commercial PLA printouts remain intact, while the PLA/TPS samples showed a mass loss of 19%. Finally, the remarkable printability of PLA/TPS was successfully demonstrated by FFF 3D printing of personalized anatomical models and complex porous structures.
Plasma free amino acid profiling as metabolomic diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in paediatric cancer patients: a follow‑up study
- Anna Synakiewicz
- Anna Stanisławska-Sachadyn
- Małgorzata Sawicka-Żukowska
- Grażyna Gałęzowska
- Joanna Ratajczyk
- Anna Owczarzak
- Małgorzata Skuza
- Lidia Wolska
- Teresa Stachowicz-Stencel
2021 Pełny tekst AMINO ACIDS
Amino acids (AAs) play a crucial role in cancer cell metabolism. Levels of 22 plasma AAs at the time of diagnosis and after treatment were established among 39 pediatric cancer patients and 33 healthy children. Glutamic acid levels decreased and tryptophan levels increased during treatment. Cancer patients presented significantly lower levels of glutamine and leucine post-treatment while levels of 12 other AAs were higher comparing to controls. Results suggest that plasma free AA profile may serve as a prognostic biomarker.
Plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from TiO2 and TeO2 thin films doped by Eu3+ for optoelectronic applications
- Marcin Łapiński
- Jakub Czubek
- Katarzyna Drozdowska
- Anna Synak
- Wojciech Sadowski
- Barbara Kościelska
2021 Pełny tekst Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
In this work we study the luminescence properties of europium-doped titanium dioxide and tellurium oxide thin films enhanced by gold plasmonic nanostructures. We propose a new type of plasmon structure with an ultrathin dielectric film between plasmonic platform and luminescent material. Plasmonic platforms were manufactured through thermal annealing of the gold thin film. Thermal dewetting of gold film results in spherical gold nanostructures with average dimensions of 50 nm. Both, luminescent TiO2:Eu and TeO2:Eu films were deposited by RF magnetron sputtering from mosaic targets. The morphology of the gold nanostructures was investigated by SEM and TEM, while the composition of oxides film was analyzed by XPS. Luminescence properties were studied on the basis of excitation and emission spectra. The experiments show that the additional dielectric layer enhances the luminescence intensity. Such structures could be potential candidates as phosphors in white LEDs.
Platforma aktywnego nauczania dla zwiększenia poziomu umiejętności techników i inżynierów
- Marek Chodnicki
2021 Pełny tekst Przegląd Spawalnictwa
Przemysł 4.0 całkowicie przekształca sektor wytwórczy w Unii Europejskiej wprowadzając zasady cyfryzacji procesów przemysłowych. W rezultacie, nowe cyber-fizyczne systemy produkcyjne wywierają ogromny wpływ na siłę roboczą, a zwłaszcza na techników i inżynierów. Systemy te wymagają nowych hybrydowych zespołów "człowiek – maszyna", w których technicy i inżynierowie powinni umieć analizować zbiory danych Big Data, tworzyć symulacje linii produkcyjnych, koordynować pracę robotów, diagnozować/naprawiać złożone zautomatyzowane systemy. Dane pokazują jednak, że pracownicy przemysłowi nie są gotowi stawić czoła tej nowej rzeczywistości, ponieważ brakuje im odpowiednich umiejętności i wiedzy niezbędnej w nowym środowisku przemysłowym. Wydaje się, że pracownicy nie posiadają odpowiednich kwalifikacji, co z kolei ogranicza ich możliwości zatrudnienia jak i dostęp do dobrych zawodów. Ankieta European skills and jobs survey (ESJS) [1] wykazuje że 43% dorosłych pracowników doświadczyło ostatnio zmian technologii, której używają w pracy, a 47% odnotowało zmiany w metodzie pracy. Niemal 1 na 5 badanych uważa, że kilka z umiejętności jakie posiada staną się przestarzałe w ciągu kilku lat.
Podstawowe zagadnienia z mikrobiologii ogólnej
- Agata Sommer
2021
W rozdziale opisano podstawowe zagadnienia z mikrobiologii ogólnej, przedstawiono podział mikroorganizmów i zaprezentowano metody oznaczania liczby drobnoustrojów.
Podstawy pól i fal elektromagnetycznych
- Włodzimierz Zieniutycz
2021
W pracy przedstawiono w sposób systematyczny podstawowe zagadnienia elektromagnetyzmu. Materiał zawarto w dwunastu rozdziałach, w których zagadnienia teoretyczne, o ile to było możliwe, ilustrowano przykładami przybliżającymi Czytelnikowi ich sens fizyczny. Początkowe rozdziały poświęcono narzędziom matematycznym stosowanym w analizie zagadnień polowych oraz przedstawieniu koncepcji pól: elektrycznego i magnetycznego. Następnie omówiono równania Maxwella w próżni i w ośrodkach materialnych, warunki dla pól na granicy ośrodków oraz zagadnienia energetyczne (twierdzenie Poyntinga). Kolejne rozdziały poświęcono rozwiązaniu równań Maxwella i dyskusji własności fali płaskiej rozchodzącej się w ośrodku nieograniczonym oraz padającej na granicę ośrodków. Końcowy rozdział omawia propagację fal elektromagnetycznych w popularnych prowadnicach falowych. Dobór treści oraz układ pracy są efektem przemyśleń autora, który przez szereg lat prowadził wykłady z przedmiotów związanych z omawianą tematyką na Wydziale Elektroniki Telekomunikacji i Informatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej.
Pojęcie ideologii. Między krytyką ekonomii politycznej a hermeneutyką podejrzeń
- Andrzej Karalus
2021 Pełny tekst
Monografia stanowi systematyczne i historyczne opracowanie zagadnienia "ideologii". Pojęcie to narodziło się pierwotnie w kontekście inspirowanej filozofią Hegla krytyki klasycznej ekonomii politycznej (Smith, Ricardo, Say) jako określenie na pewną społecznie reprodukowaną iluzję poznawczą , utrwalającą nierówności władzy i dominację klasową. Uległo ono następnie semantycznym przekształceniom i w drugiej połowie XX wieku stało się wraz z "rodziną" znaczeniowo pokrewnych pojęć (takich jak "dyskurs", interpelacja", "hegemonia" czy "mit") narzędziem krytycznego badania społeczeństwa i kultury oraz wpisanych weń relacji władzy. W ostatnich dwóch dekadach widać jednak stopniowy powrót do klasycznych (klasowych, ekonomicznych) wykładni zagadnienia ideologii, zwłaszcza w kontekście krytyki neoliberalizmu i w reakcji na globalny kryzys kapitalizmu (zagrożenie ekologiczne, nierówności dochodowe, kryzys finansowy).