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Vascular stents - materials and manufacturing technologies
- Klaudia Malisz
- Beata Świeczko-Żurek
2023 Pełny tekst Engineering of Biomaterials / Inżynieria Biomateriałów
The objective of this article is to present materials and technology for the manufacture of vascular stents with appropriate design requirements. The use of the right material is very important in implantology. A biomaterial introduced into the circulatory system must be biocompatible and hemocompatible. At the same time, it should not initiate toxic, mutagenic, or immunological reactions. Currently, 316L stainless steel (316L SS), nitinol (Ni-Ti alloy) and cobalt-chromium alloy (Co-Cr) are used as standard stent materials. Additionally, drug-containing coatings are used to provide antithrombotic properties. Nowadays, scientists are trying to create biodegradable stents (BDS) using magnesium (Mg) or zinc (Zn) alloys. Laser methods are generally used to manufacture stents using Nd:YAG lasers with a pulse length in the range of several milliseconds. Material removal is based on the ejection of the melt using a high-pressure gas. The result is remelting and heat-affected zones. Various post-processing procedures are necessary to remove residues, including etching and electropolishing. Minimizing the heat-affected zone could be achieved by using femtosecond lasers. Additionally, immersion of the material in water prevents the deposition of residues on the workpiece. Interesting alternatives used in the manufacture of vascular stents are electrospinning or additive techniques. 3D printing enables obtaining of geometrically complex and personalized implants and reduces the consumption of materials and the production of waste.
Very accurate time propagation of coupled Schrödinger equations for femto- and attosecond physics and chemistry, with C++ source code
- Jan Kozicki
2023 Pełny tekst COMPUTER PHYSICS COMMUNICATIONS
In this article, I present a very fast and high-precision (up to 33 decimal places) C++ implementation of the semi-global time propagation algorithm for a system of coupled Schrödinger equations with a time-dependent Hamiltonian. It can be used to describe time-dependent processes in molecular systems after excitation by femto- and attosecond laser pulses. It also works with an arbitrary user supplied Hamiltonian and can be used for nonlinear problems. The semi-global algorithm is briefly presented, the C++ implementation is described and five sample simulations are shown. The accompanying C++ source code package is included. The high precision benchmark (long double and float128) shows the estimated calculation costs. The presented method turns out to be faster and more accurate than the global Chebyshev propagator.
Vessel Energy Requirement Prediction from Acceleration Stage Towing Tests on Scale Models
- Klaudia Wrzask
2023 Pełny tekst Polish Maritime Research
One of the most crucial tasks for naval architects is computing the energy required to meet the ship’s operational needs. When predicting a ship’s energy requirements, a series of hull resistance tests on a scale model vessel is carried out in constant speed stages, while the acceleration stage measurements are ignored. Another important factor in seakeeping analysis is the ship’s hydrodynamic added mass. The second law of dynamics states that all this valuable information, that is, the dependence of the hull resistance on the vessel’s speed and the added mass, is accessible from just one acceleration stage towing test done up to the maximum speed. Therefore, the acceleration stage, often overlooked in traditional towing experiments, can be a valuable source of information. For this reason, this work aims to generalise Froude’s scaling procedure to full-scale vessels for the accelerated stage towing tests.
Vibration monitoring of structures in the light of the Polish and international requirements
- Aneta Herbut
- Anna Jakubczyk-Gałczyńska
- Marek Wyjadłowski
2023 Pełny tekst Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
The paper concerns the wide range of strategies used to protect structures against man-made dynamic excitation. The most popular approaches applied worldwide are compared, and the main differences and similarities are summarized. The literature studies are supported by the results of the measurements performed on different types of real structures, which are sensitive and insensitive to the dynamic load. To make the conclusions more general, various types of excitation forces are examined (long-term and shortterm excitations, traffic load, and loads resulting from geotechnical works). The main issue raised in the paper is the problem of unequivocal and accurate assessment of the potential structure damage, based on the different legislations. It can be seen that the application of different codes can even result in opposite conclusions about the safety of the structure.
Vibrational Properties of LaNb0.8M0.2O4-δ (M=As, Sb, V, and Ta)
- Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryń
- Sebastian Wachowski
- Kacper Dzierzgowski
- Iga Szpunar
- Judyta Strychalska-Nowak
- Tomasz Klimczuk
- Sawczak Mirosław
- Maria Gazda
2023 Pełny tekst CHEMPHYSCHEM
LaNb0.8M0.2O4-δ (where M=As, Sb, V, and Ta) oxides with pentavalent elements of different ionic sizes were synthesized by a solid-state reaction method. The vibrational properties of these oxides have been investigated. These studies revealed that the substituent element influences both Debye temperature value as well as the Raman active vibrational modes. Additionally, the low-temperature vibrational properties of LaNb0.8Sb0.2O4-δ have been determined to show the phase transition occurrence at 260 K which is lower than previously reported.
Vibrational Quenching of Optically Pumped Carbon Dimer Anions
- Markus Nötzold
- Robert Wild
- Christine Lochmann
- Tanja Rahim
- Sruthi Purushu Melath
- Katrin Dulitz
- Barry P. Mant
- Jan Franz
- Francesco Antonio Gianturco
- Roland Wester
2023 Pełny tekst PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
Careful control of quantum states is a gateway to research in many areas of science such as quantum information, quantum-controlled chemistry, and astrophysical processes. Precise optical control of molecular ions remains a challenge due to the scarcity of suitable level schemes, and direct laser cooling has not yet been achieved for either positive or negative molecular ions. Using a cryogenic wire trap, we show how the internal quantum states of C2- anions can be manipulated using optical pumping and inelastic quenching collisions with H2 gas. We obtained optical pumping efficiencies of about 96% into the first vibrational level of C2- and determined the absolute inelastic rate coefficient from v=1 to 0 to be k_q = (3.2±0.2stat±1.3sys)×10−13 cm3/s at 20(3) K, over 3 orders of magnitude smaller than the capture limit. Reduced-dimensional quantum scattering calculations yield a small rate coefficient as well, but significantly larger than the experimental value. Using optical pumping and inelastic collisions, we also realized fluorescence imaging of negative molecular ions. Our work demonstrates high control of a cold ensemble of C2−, providing a solid foundation for future work on laser cooling of molecular ions.
Virtual reality as a tool for development and simulation. Research projects and experience of the Gdańsk University of Technology
- Jacek Lebiedź
2023
By supporting the human imagination, virtual reality technology can be applied in almost every human activity. This is evidenced by the cooperation of the Immersive 3D Visualization Lab with specialists representing such different professions from architects and artists, astronomers and chemists, through historians and museologists, criminologists and military educators, mechanical and ship engineers, up to physicians and psychologists. The results of this cooperation are presented with an emphasis on architectural applications including not only building prototyping. New applications are welcome.
Virulence analysis and antibiotic resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospitalised patients in Poland
- Barbara Kot
- Małgorzata Piechota
- Piotr Szweda
- Joanna Mitrus
- Jolanta Wicha
- Agata Grużewska
- Małgorzata Witeska
2023 Pełny tekst Scientific Reports
Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a nosocomial pathogen causing difficult-to-treat infections. The presence of virulence genes and antibiotic resistance of 109 KP isolates from hospitalized patients were investigated. Among them, 68.8% were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and 59.6% produced extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs). Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) were produced by 22% of isolates (mainly from anus), including 16.5% of isolates producing New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1). The genes encoding adhesins (fimH-91.7%, mrkD-96.3%), enterobactin (entB-100%) and yersiniabactin (irp-1-88%) were frequently identified. The genes encoding salmochelin (iroD-9.2%, iroN-7.3%) and colibactin (clbA, clbB-0.9%) were identified rarely. Iron acquisition system-related kfu gene and wcaG gene involved in capsule production were identified in 6.4% and 11% of isolates, respectively. The rmpA gene associated with hypermucoviscosity was present in 6.4% of isolates. In 19.2% of isolates magA gene was detected, specific for K1 capsule serotype, while 22.9% of isolates showed K2 capsule serotype. The rmpA, iroD or iroN genes being diagnostic biomarkers for hypervirulent KP (hvKP) were detected in 16.5% of isolates. We found that 55.5% of hvKP were MDR and produced ESBLs, thus hospital KP isolates pose a serious threat to the healthcare system.
Visual Features for Improving Endoscopic Bleeding Detection Using Convolutional Neural Networks
- Adam Brzeski
- Tomasz Dziubich
- Henryk Krawczyk
2023 Pełny tekst SENSORS
The presented paper investigates the problem of endoscopic bleeding detection in endoscopic videos in the form of a binary image classification task. A set of definitions of high-level visual features of endoscopic bleeding is introduced, which incorporates domain knowledge from the field. The high-level features are coupled with respective feature descriptors, enabling automatic capture of the features using image processing methods. Each of the proposed feature descriptors outputs a feature activation map in the form of a grayscale image. Acquired feature maps can be appended in a straightforward way to the original color channels of the input image and passed to the input of a convolutional neural network during the training and inference steps. An experimental evaluation is conducted to compare the classification ROC AUC of feature-extended convolutional neural network models with baseline models using regular color image inputs. The advantage of feature-extended models is demonstrated for the Resnet and VGG convolutional neural network architectures.
VOCs absorption from gas streams using deep eutectic solvents – A review
- Patrycja Makoś-Chełstowska
2023 JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are one of the most severe atmospheric pollutants. They are mainly emitted into the atmosphere from anthropogenic sources such as automobile exhaust, incomplete fuel combustion, and various industrial processes. VOCs not only cause hazards to human health or the environment but also adversely affect industrial installation components due to their specific properties, i.e., corrosive and reactivity. Therefore, much attention is being paid to developing new methods for capturing VOCs from gaseous streams, i.e., air, process streams, waste streams, or gaseous fuels. Among the available technologies, absorption based on deep eutectic solvents (DES) is widely studied as a green alternative to other commercial processes. This literature review presents a critical summary of the achievements in capturing individual VOCs using DES. The types of used DES and their physicochemical properties affecting absorption efficiency, available methods for evaluating the effectiveness of new technologies, and the possibility of regeneration of DES are described. In addition, critical comments on the new gas purification methods and future perspectives are included.
Volatile Compound Emissions from Stereolithography Three-Dimensional Printed Cured Resin Models for Biomedical Applications
- Y Lan Pham
- Wojciech Wojnowski
- Jonathan Beauchamp
2023 CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY
Stereolithography three-dimensional printing is used increasingly in biomedical applications to create components for use in healthcare and therapy. The exposure of patients to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted from cured resins represents an element of concern in such applications. Here, we investigate the biocompatibility in relation to inhalation exposure of volatile emissions of three different cured commercial resins for use in printing a mouthpiece adapter for sampling exhaled breath. VOC emission rates were estimated based on direct analysis using a microchamber/thermal extractor coupled to a proton transfer reaction-mass spectrometer. Complementary analyses using comprehensive gas chromatography–mass spectrometry aided compound identification. Major VOCs emitted from the cured resins were associated with polymerization agents, additives, and postprocessing procedures and included alcohols, aldehydes, ketones, hydrocarbons, esters, and terpenes. Total VOC emissions from cubes printed using the general-purpose resin were approximately an order of magnitude higher than those of the cubes printed using resins dedicated to biomedical applications at the respective test temperatures (40 and 25 °C). Daily inhalation exposures were estimated and compared with daily tolerable intake levels or standard thresholds of toxicological concerns. The two resins intended for biomedical applications were deemed suitable for fabricating an adapter mouthpiece for use in breath research. The general-purpose resin was unsuitable, with daily inhalation exposures for breath sampling applications at 40 °C estimated at 310 μg day–1 for propylene glycol (tolerable intake (TI) limit of 190 μg day–1) and 1254 μg day–1 for methyl acrylate (TI of 43 μg day–1).
VREA PROJECT - A DIGITAL CURATOR FOR ARCHITECTURE AND DIGITAL PERSPECTIVES FOR HERITAGE MANAGEMENT AND ENHANCEMENT
- Justyna Borucka
- Sandro Parrinello
2023 Pełny tekst International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences
Thinking about architectural education, one must face the challenges of the ever-changing and digital world and bear in mind the figure of the architect of the future - the curator of digital data. Nowadays the aim is to train specialists who know how to manage the production of digital products and are able to face the challenges of digital change in the field of architecture and architectural heritage management. Virtual Reality Engineering and Game Design for Architecture and Cultural Heritage (VREA) will be a new Master’s degree course designed to generate a new professional figure in charge of the technological evolution and at the same time having critical sensitivity towards the architectural heritage, its conservation, and enhancement. These objectives received funding as part of the call of European Erasmus Mundus Design Measures (ERASMUS-EDU-2021-EMJM-DESIGN) for the development of new, innovative, high-level integrated transnational study programmes at the Master level. VREA project aims to create a basis for a new international joint Master level course to create a new generation of architects and engineers equipped with the cultural and technical knowledge for managing Digital Twins in the field of Cultural Heritage, outlining at the same time the future course of study for architects and engineers. The result of the work is an innovative, international and comprehensive programme, strengthening the competences of all project participants and aimed at educating architects and engineers of the future, prepared for the challenges of the 21st century.
W poszukiwaniu równowagi: aplikacja do nauki analizy statycznej układów prętowych
- Katarzyna Szepietowska
- Violetta Konopińska-Zmysłowska
- Magdalena Oziębło
- Anna Pestka
- Mateusz Sondej
- Karol Winkelmann
- Łukasz Żmuda-Trzebiatowski
- Agnieszka Tomaszewska
2023
Praca dotyczy interaktywnej aplikacji mającej wesprzeć naukę analizy statycznej układów prętowych. Aplikacja jest tworzona z myślą o studentach I roku budownictwa i kierunków pokrewnych. Wyznaczenie wykresów sił wewnętrznych jest podstawą procesu projektowania konstrukcji. Chociaż współcześnie stosuje się programy do komputerowej analizy konstrukcji, to projektant nadal musi potrafić zinterpretować wynik i ocenić jego poprawność. Aplikacja ma służyć jako narzędzie treningowe do nauki wyznaczania wykresów sił wewnętrznych w układach statycznie wyznaczalnych oraz oferować system natychmiastowej informacji zwrotnej i wskazówek służących nauce samodzielnej kontroli poprawności rozwiązania. W pierwszym etapie pracy z aplikacją użytkownik może rozwiązywać zadania sprawdzając wyniki cząstkowe i uzyskując szczegółowe podpowiedzi w przypadku uzyskiwania złych wyników. Po przejściu na wyższe poziomy zaawansowania, cząstkowe informacje zwrotne będą stopniowo ograniczane, a system będzie podpowiadał, jak samodzielnie weryfikować wyniki. Cześć analizowanych schematów statycznych będzie wprost odzwierciedlała rzeczywiste konstrukcje budowlane, co pomoże studentom lepiej zrozumieć połączenie mechaniki (teorii) z obiektami fizycznymi. Proponowana interaktywna aplikacja ma wyjść naprzeciw potrzebom współczesnych studentów i ułatwić im systematyczną i efektywną pracę własną.
W stronę postliberalizmu. Filozofia społeczna i polityczna Johna Milbanka
- Jakub Gużyński
2023
Celem rozprawy jest krytyczna analiza programu postliberalnego anglikańskiego teologa Johna Milbanka. Jego twórczość nie tylko wpisuje się w nurt teologii postliberalnej, która przyjmuje kulturowo-językową interpretację religii, uwydatniając pierwotność narracji w poznaniu, lecz także stanowi istotny wkład w postliberalną filozofię polityczną, który porzuca charakterystyczny dla liberalizmu indywidualizm, uniwersalizm i racjonalizm, szukając inspiracji w tradycyjnym rozumieniu polityki. Łącząc te dwa wymiary, Milbank przedstawia niezwykle oryginalną perspektywę, która być może najpełniej wyraża ideę postliberalizmu, oferując spójną wizję polityki chrześcijańskiej. W toku wywodu zwracam uwagę na szereg wątpliwości, problemów i obaw, które towarzyszą teologiczno-politycznej wizji Milbanka. Większość z nich wynika z jego skrajnego dualizmu, który tworzy fałszywe dychotomie – chrześcijaństwo albo nihilizm, ortodoksja albo sekularyzm, socjalizm albo faszyzm – upraszczając wiele skomplikowanych kwestii i utrudniając otwartą dyskusję. Co za tym idzie, mimo wielu cennych spostrzeżeń, trafnych diagnoz i interesujących postulatów Milbanka w mojej ocenie jego program postliberalny nie jest jeszcze gotowy do zastąpienia liberalizmu jako dominującego systemu ideowego. Mimo to daje on wskazówkę, jak może wyglądać nasza przyszłość polityczna i oferuje godną uwagi, postsekularną wizję chrześcijaństwa.
Wake-Up Receiver for Underwater Acoustic Communication Using in Shallow Water
- Jan Schmidt
- Aleksander Schmidt
2023 Pełny tekst SENSORS
A data frame transmitted over the underwater acoustic channel usually begins with a preamble. Therefore, underwater communication systems have a dedicated receiver that constantly listens to the preamble signals. A receiver that is to work effectively in shallow waters must have solutions that effectively reduce the impact of the permanently occurring multipath propagation. The article presents a solution based on complementary broadband signals. Initial tests were carried out using theWatermark simulator to determine its reliability in such a difficult propagation environment. The results of experimental tests carried out in a model pool are also included. Details of the implementation of the wake-up receiver are presented.
"Walerian Wróbel - Zwei Blicke auf das Unrecht am jungen Zwangsarbeiter"
- Krzysztof Wróblewski
2023
Zur Ausstellung Die tragische Geschichte über das Schicksal des jungen polnischen Zwangsarbeiters Walerian Wróbel (2. April 1925 in Falków — 25. August 1942 in Hamburg) bewegt heute noch viele Menschen. Er wurde im Alter von nur 17 Jahren nach einem Urteil des Sondergerichts Bremen von den Nationalsozialisten hingerichtet. In dieser Ausstellung geht es jedoch nicht um Walerian Wróbel selbst, sondern um den Versuch der Aufarbeitung seiner Geschichte, gesehen aus zwei künstlerischen Perspektiven: einmal die des Fotografen Stefan Weger, Urenkel der Bauerstochter, die damals den jungen Zwangsarbeiter angezeigt hatte und einmal die des polnischen Malers Krzysztof Wróblewski, der 2004, während eines Aufenthaltes in Bremen, zufällig auf diese Geschichte gestoßen ist. Im Anschluss an einen dokumentarischen Teil mit den offiziellen Berichten sind in der Ausstellung auf der einen Seite Bilder und Zeichnungen des Malers Krzysztof Wróblewski zu sehen, die auf diese Dokumente Bezug nehmen. Auf der anderen Seite versucht Stefan Weger, mit seinen Fotografien diese Geschichte atmosphärisch nachzuempfinden.
Waste printer ink as modifier for natural rubber/carbon black composites: No haste, use waste
- Aleksander Hejna
- Paulina Wiśniewska
- Daria Kowalkowska-Zedler
- Jerzy Korol
- Paulina Kosmela
- Mariusz Marć
- Peyman Ezzati
- Marek Szostak
- Mohammad Saeb
2023 Pełny tekst Sustainable Materials and Technologies
From a sustainability perspective, achieving a greener future with a minimal carbon footprint requires maximizing waste materials' reuse. The four pillars of satisfying customer demands are processing, price, properties, and performance. Along with such a global policy, this work seeks to utilize waste printer ink (WPI) as a source of carbon in combination with low- and high-surface carbon black (LCB and HCB, respectively) additives to enhance the performance of natural rubber (NR). Using WPI together with NR underlines the importance of this work from a sustainability angle. By altering the type and amount of CB and WPI content, a broad properties window was unravelled, such that a very high elongation at break of ~970% and elasticity of 53% were achieved under optimized conditions and formulation compared to 385% and 27.5% assigned to the reference (or neat) NR. Thermal stability was also changed quite broadly, depending on the formulation. The volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis revealed that propanol and its derivatives were the most abundant volatiles detected, accounting for above 85% of the total emission. Analyzing environmental contamination and properties investigations opened avenues to standardize the usage of WPI and CB additives in NR compounding.
Wastewater reuse in agriculture: Prospects and challenges
- Hussein Al-Hazmi
- Ali Mohammadi
- Aleksander Hejna
- Joanna Majtacz
- Amin Esmaeili
- Sajjad Habibzadeh
- Mohammad Saeb
- Michael Badawi
- Eder C. Lima
- Jacek Mąkinia
2023 ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
Sustainable water recycling and wastewater reuse are urgent nowadays considering water scarcity and increased water consumption through human activities. In 2015, United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 6 (UN SDG6) highlighted the necessity of recycling wastewater to guarantee water availability for individuals. Currently, wastewater irrigation (WWI) of crops and agricultural land appears essential. The present work overviews the quality of treated wastewater in terms of soil microbial activities, and discusses challenges and benefits of WWI in line with wastewater reuse in agriculture and aquaculture irrigation. Combined conventional-advanced wastewater treatment processes are specifically deliberated, considering the harmful impacts on human health arising from WWI originating from reuse of contaminated water (salts, organic pollutants, toxic metals, and microbial pathogens i.e., viruses and bacteria). The comprehensive literature survey revealed that, in addition to the increased levels of pathogen and microbial threats to human wellbeing, poorly-treated wastewater results in plant and soil contamination with toxic organic/inorganic chemicals, and microbial pathogens. The impact of long-term emerging pollutants like plastic nanoparticles should also be established in further studies, with the development of standardized analytical techniques for such hazardous chemicals. Likewise, the reliable, long-term and extensive judgment on heavy metals threat to human beings's health should be explored in future investigations.
Water uptake and energetics of the formation of barium zirconate based multicomponent oxides
- Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryń
- Tamilarasan Subramani
- Daniel Jaworski
- Kristina Lilova
- Wojciech Skubida
- Alexandra Navrotsky
- Maria Gazda
2023 Pełny tekst PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
A group of multi-component oxides based on BaZrO3 have been prepared using a solid-state reaction method and examined in terms of their water uptake and thermodynamics of formation. Depending on the type and amount of acceptor substitution, the synthesized compounds exhibit various proton defect concentrations, reaching up to 0.2 mol/mol for a compound containing 10 different elements in the B-sublattice, where 50% of them are acceptors. For the most promising materials, van’t Hoff plots were created and the enthalpies and entropies of hydration were calculated. At higher temperatures, these parameters do not differ from the values for the reference yttrium doped barium zirconate. However, at lower temperatures they are more negative, indicating a more exothermic process of proton incorporation.
Water uptake kinetics and electrical transport in BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.1M0.1O3−δ (M = Tb, Pr, Fe) protonic conductors
- Jagoda Budnik
- Aleksandra Mielewczyk-Gryń
- Maria Gazda
- Tadeusz Miruszewski
2023 Pełny tekst Journal of Materials Chemistry A
BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.1M0.1O3−d (M = Fe, Pr, Tb) is a mixed conducting oxide in which three mobile charge carriers – oxygen ion, electron/hole, and protonic defects – are present. These types of materials have gained much interest as electrode materials for protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) and protonic ceramic electrolysis cells (PCECs). In this study, the water uptake and oxygen transport properties of different BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.1M0.1O3−d samples were investigated at different pH2O using Thermogravimetry (TG) and Electrical Conductivity Relaxation (ECR) methods at various temperatures. TG results showed that in all samples the mass increases during the switch from dry to wet atmospheres, which indicates proton incorporation into the materials. The kinetics of the water uptake process differed depending on the type of substituent used. The studies of pO2 dependence of total conductivity allowed for the determination of partial conductivities in BaCe0.6Zr0.2Y0.1Tb0.1O3−d (BCZYTb), which shows a predominant p-type conduction mechanism above 600 °C. The electrical conductivity relaxation (ECR) studies performed for a chosen BCZYTb sample have shown that the hydration/dehydration processes were asymmetric twofold, whereas the oxidation/reduction processes had typical single-fold kinetics. Furthermore, a significant influence of pH2O on the oxidation and reduction kinetics was observed.