2016 - Repozytorium publikacji - Politechnika Gdańska

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A structure and simulation-driven design of compact CPW-fed UWB antenna
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Adrian Bekasiewicz
2016 IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters
In this letter, a structure of a miniaturized ultra-wideband CPW-fed antenna and its design proce-dure are presented. The antenna is a modified version of the design previously proposed in the literature, with additional degrees of freedom introduced in order to improve the structure flexibility. The small size is achieved by executing a rigorous optimization procedure that consists of two stages: (i) smart random search carried out at the level of coarse-mesh EM simulation model that aims at finding an initial design featuring small size and reasonable return loss, and (ii) surrogate-assisted optimization exploiting variable-fidelity EM simulations and response correction techniques for expedited design tuning. The final design exhibits return loss below –13.2 dB in the entire UWB band and a small size of 418 mm2. Simulation results are supported by physical meas-urements of the fabricated antenna prototype.
A Study in Experimental Methods of Human-Computer Communication for Patients After Severe Brain Injuries
- Andrzej Czyżewski
- Bożena Kostek
2016
Experimental research in the domain of multimedia technology applied to medical practice is discussed, employing a prototype of integrated multimodal system to assist diagnosis and polysensory stimulation of patients after severe brain injury. The system being developed includes among others: eye gaze tracker, and EEG monitoring of non-communicating patients after severe brain injuries. The proposed solutions are used for collecting and analyzing patients’ responses and interactions induced by the multimodal stimulation, resulting in assessing the influence of stimuli on increase of patient’s cognitive and communicative functions with the use of intelligent data analysis methods.
A Study on Emission of Airborne Wear Particles from Car Brake Friction Pairs
- Mattia Alemani
- Oleksii Nosko
- Ibrahim Metinoz
- Ulf Olofsson
2016 SAE International Journal of Materials and Manufacturing
The emission of airborne wear particles from friction material / cast iron pairs used in car brakes was investigated, paying special attention to the influence of temperature. Five low-metallic materials and one non-asbestos organic material were tested using a pin-on-disc machine. The machine was placed in a sealed chamber to allow airborne particle collection. The concentration and size distribution of 0.0056 to 10 μm particles were obtained by a fast mobility particle sizer and an optical particle sizer. The temperature was measured by a thermocouple installed in the disc. The experiments show that as the temperature increases from 100 to 300 °C the emission of ultrafine particles intensifies while that of coarse particles decreases. There is a critical temperature at which the ultrafine particle emission rate rises stepwise by 4 to 6 orders of magnitude. For the friction pairs investigated, the critical temperature was found to be between 165 and 190 °C. Below the critical temperature, fine particles outnumber coarse and ultrafine particles, although coarse particles make up the bulk of the particulate matter mass. The friction pairs differ in the ultrafine particle emission rate by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude. Above the critical temperature, ultrafine particles constitute almost 100% of the total particle number and their relative mass contribution can exceed 50%. Analysis of the particle size distributions revealed peaks at 0.19-0.29, 0.9 and 1.7 μm. Above the critical temperature, one more peak appears in the ultrafine particle range at 0.011-0.034 μm.
A study on signal processing methods applied to hearing aids
- Bożena Kostek
- Krzysztof Kąkol
2016
This paper presents a short survey on current technology available in hearing aids with a focus on digital signal processing techniques used. First, factors influencing the hearing aid effectiveness are introduced. Then, examples of the present DSP methods and strategies are provided. Also, a description of current limitations of hearing aids and future trends of development are shown. Finally, the notion of computational auditory scene analysis is presented as a possible solution for improving quality of speech and music perception while using a hearing prosthesis.
A survey of strategies for communication networks to protect against large-scale natural disasters
- Teresa Gomes
- Janos Tapolcai
- Christian Esposito
- David Hutchison
- Fernando Kuipers
- Jacek Rak
- De Amaro
- Athanasios Iossifides
- Rui Travanca
- Joao Andre
- Luisa Jorge
- Lucia Martins
- Patricia Ugalde
- Alija Pasic
- Dimitrios Pezaros
- Simon Jouet
- Stefano Secci
- Massimo Tornatore
2016
Recent natural disasters have revealed that emergency networks presently cannot disseminate the necessary disaster information, making it difficult to deploy and coordinate relief operations. These disasters have reinforced the knowledge that telecommunication networks constitute a critical infrastructure of our society, and the urgency in establishing protection mechanisms against disaster-based disruptions. Hence, it is important to have emergency networks able to maintain sustainable communication in disaster areas. Moreover, the network architecture should be designed so that network connectivity is maintained among nodes outside of the impacted area, while ensuring that services for costumers not in the affected area suffer minimal impact. As a first step towards achieving disaster resilience, the RECODIS project was formed, and its Working Group 1 members conducted a comprehensive literature survey on “strategies for communication networks to protect against large-scale natural disasters,” which is summarized in this article.
A survey on network resiliency methodologies against weather-based disruptions
- Massimo Tornatore
- Joao Andre
- Peter Babarczi
- Torsten Braun
- Eirik Folstad
- Poul Heegaard
- Ali Hmaity
- Marija Furdek
- Luisa Jorge
- Wojciech Kmiecik
- Machuca Mas
- Lucia Martins
- Carmo Medeiros
- Francesco Musumeci
- Alija Pasic
- Jacek Rak
- Steven Simpson
- Rui Travanca
- Artemios Voyiatzis
2016
Due to the increasing dependence on network services of our society, research has recently been concentrating on enhancing traditional protection strategies to withstand large-scale failures, as in case of disaster events. The recently-formed EU-funded RECODIS project aims at coordinating and fostering research collaboration in Europe on disaster resiliency in communication networks. In particular, the Working Group (WG) 2 of the RECODIS project focuses on developing new network-resiliency strategies to survive weather-based disruptions. As a first step, WG2 members have conducted a comprehensive literature survey on existing studies on this topic. This paper classifies and summarizes the most relevant studies collected by WG2 members in this first phase of the project. While the majority of studies regarding weather-based disruptions deals with wireless network (as wireless channel is directly affected by weather conditions), in this survey we cover also disaster-resiliency approaches designed for wired network if they leverage network reconfiguration based on disaster “alerts”, considering that many weather-based disruptions grant an “alert” thanks to weather forecast.
A system for acoustic field measurement employing cartesian robot
- Maciej Szczodrak
- Adam Kurowski
- Józef Kotus
- Andrzej Czyżewski
- Bożena Kostek
2016 Pełny tekst Metrology and Measurement Systems
A system setup for measurements of acoustic field, together with the results of 3D visualisations of acoustic energy flow are presented in the paper. Spatial sampling of the field is performed by a Cartesian robot. Automatization of the measurement process is achieved with the use of a specialized control system. The method is based on measuring the sound pressure (scalar) and particle velocity (vector) quantities. The aim of the system is to collect data with a high precision and repeatability. The system is employed for measurements of acoustic energy flow in the proximity of an artificial head in an anechoic chamber. In the measurement setup an algorithm for generation of the probe movement path is included. The algorithm finds the optimum path of the robot movement, taking into account a given 3D object shape present in the measurement space. The results are presented for two cases, first without any obstacle and the other - with an artificial head in the sound field.
A system of visualization of operational situation on digital maps for mobile units of the Border Guards
- Bartosz Czaplewski
- Krzysztof Cwalina
- Marek Blok
- Sylwester Kaczmarek
- Mariusz Miszewski
- Magdalena Młynarczuk
- Maciej Sac
2016
Border guards have to be equipped with technology enabling a communication, an acquisition, an exchange, and a visualization of data in different operational situations. This also applies to the staff, which is located on mobile units such as ground vehicles, aircrafts and vessels. Within the project realized for the Polish Border Guard and financed by The National Centre for Research and Development, a system was designed and implemented to fulfill this functionality for mobile units. This paper discuss the implemented system and presents its features and capabilities. The part of the system placed on the mobile unit consists of the universal radio controller, mobile operator consoles and a radio. The radio allows to connect to the observation point in the land and to access all the data obtained by all the mobile units and stored in the center database. At the operator console, it is possible to visualize the data about the objects located in the area of that particular mobile unit as well as from any other area by the use of center database. The data is derived from the AIS receivers, ARPA radars, GPS receivers and Web Service. The data can be both current and archival. Regardless of the visualization on digital maps, the data is available in the tabular database browser in various configurations defined by the operator. Both forms of presentation, i.e. visualization on maps and database browser, are synchronized and interconnected with the possibility of actively switching between them. This paper presents the functionality and the concept of the system, hardware and software implementation. The solution received certificates confirming the 9th technology readiness level (TRL 9). Apart from these features, the presented system allows the realization of telecommunication connections with any terminal attached to the border guard’s network or public networks like GSM network.
A systematic retrieval of international competitiveness literature: a bibliometric study
- Magdalena Olczyk
2016 Pełny tekst Eurasian Economic Review
Over the last three decades there has been growing interest in international competitiveness research. However, as evidenced by the academic literature, there is a lack of systematic chronological studies synthesizing how this field has evolved over time. The main aim of this paper is to consolidate the state of the art of academic research on international competitiveness in the discipline of economics by using a new method: a bibliometric study of the economics literature published over the past 70 years. Citation data is collected from Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar, and it is analysed using HistCite, Pajek and VOSviewer software. Using bibliometric indicators, network citation analysis, key-routes main path methodology and term co-occurrence analysis, it investigates the growth pattern of the international competitiveness literature, identifies the core journals and authors, the main paths of knowledge diffusion and the key research domains in the international competitiveness literature. The results of the analysis show that studies on international competitiveness have been and still are important and popular in economics. International competitiveness concepts come from models of competition and are not strongly connected with classical theories of international trade. Publications by Krugman, Fagerber and Balassa have made the greatest contributions to the development of international competitiveness studies, but only Krugman’s works have been significant in terms of knowledge diffusion. International competitiveness mostly refers to international trade/export performance and to the impacts of cost, price, exchange rates, income and FDI. However, in the last decade the relationships between trade flows and technology, liberalization processes, environmental regulations, location, education/human capital and productivity have become key topics in international competitiveness studies.
A taxonomy of challenges to resilient message dissemination in VANETs
- Jacek Rak
- Magnus Jonsson
- Alexey Vinel
2016
Inter-vehicular communications is seen as a promising solution to a number of issues related with public road safety, road congestion management, and infotainment. However, Vehicular Ad-hoc NETworks (VANETs) characterized by high mobility of vehicles and facing a number of other issues related with high frequency wireless communications and network disconnections, encounter major challenges related with reliability of message delivery. This issue, despite a number of relevant publications, has not been extensively researched so far. This paper is the first one to provide a definition of information resilience for VANETs and the respective taxonomy of challenges to resilient message delivery for all types of VANET applications (being adaptation of a general taxonomy of challenges for networked systems). Example challenges related to technical aspects of resilient message dissemination for PHY/MAC layer, broadcast transmission, and multi-hop routing are outlined in the final part of the paper.
A testing method of analog parts of mixed-signal electronic systems equipped with the IEEE1149.1 test bus
- Zbigniew Czaja
- Bogdan Bartosiński
2016 Pełny tekst Przegląd Elektrotechniczny
A new solution of the JTAG BIST for testing analog circuits in mixed-signal electronic microsystems controlled by microcontrollers and equipped with the IEEE1149.1 bus is presented. It is based on a new fault diagnosis method in which an analog circuit is stimulated by a buffered signal from the TMS line, and the time response of the circuit to this signal is sampled by the ADC equipped with the JTAG. The method can be used for fault detection and single soft fault localization in an analog tested circuit (A testing method of analog parts of mixed-signal electronic systems equipped with the IEEE1149.1 test bus).
A vertical subway, namely, an internal transport system in a 1200 m tall building,
- Stefan Niewitecki
2016 Pełny tekst Procedia Engineering
This article deals with the topic of designing an efficient internal transport system in a 1200 m tall multifunctional building called the “World’s Tower” due to its symbolism and specific architectural form. The building comprises four towers whose bases are 75 m/75 m long each and whose height is 1200 m. Two of the towers are located along the north-south axis while the two others along the east-west one. The towers are joined at the top which makes the building higher than ever before (even up to 2 km). It has been achieved with the help of a batten plate joining the towers at the height of 900 m. The opposite towers are joined with the arch structure thanks to which the building constitutes the monument – the symbol of the unity of south and north, east and west. Additionally, the fifth component – a spherical structure with a diameter of 220 m has been placed on the batten plate (fig. 4). There are outlines of the continents on the elevation of the spherical structure. Thus, the whole building symbolizes the mankind that has taken the planet Earth under its wings (fig. 2) The internal transport system in the building has been called by the author a “vertical subway” due to its similarity to the actual subway system. The system consists of 40 elevator cars connected with each other and which, in a given shaft, move only in one direction, for example, they all move up and then they move one by one into the other shaft in which they go down. It creates so far unknown possibilities of using the internal transport systems in very tall buildings, as the “vertical subway” of this type can take a few thousand people at the same time and it can operate every three minutes at peak times. Two sets of these “trains” plus eight traditional elevators can work in the tallest buildings in the world while taking up only a small fraction of their area. It is a new quality in the vertical internal transport because of its efficiency which is several times bigger than the one of the vertical transport systems used so far.
Abuse or contamination? Ratio determination of clenbuterol enantiomers to distinguish between doping use and meat contamination
- Meijer Thijs
- Maria K. Parr
- Marco Blokland
- Franz Liebetrau
- Alexander Schmidt
- Mijo Stanic
- Emilia Waraksa
- Dorota Kwiatkowska
- Saskia Sterk
2016
Clenbuterol has been detected in urine of several athletes during routine doping control in the past years. Athletes claimed that the clenbuterol was ingested by eating contaminated meat. Providing analytical prove for this claim is difficult. clenbuterol consists of two enantiomers, R(-) and S(+)-clenbuterol. Currently available human and veterinary preparations were found to consist of a racemic mixture of both enantiomers. When clenbuterol is administered to animals this ratio may change in meat and other edible products of the animal. It is hypothized that consumption of contaminated meat with an altered ratio will also change the ratio in the urine of the athlete. To prove this a controlled human trial was permformed in which subjects were administered clenbuterol by ingestion of drug preparations or by eating contaminated meat and liver. Urine samples of the subjects were collected and analyzed with chiral LC-MS/MS and SFC-MS/MS methods to measure the ratio of R(-)- and S(+)-clenbuterol.
Accuracy analysis of the RSSI BLE SensorTag signal for indoor localization purposes
- Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Jacek Rumiński
- Adam Bujnowski
2016
In this paper we describe possibility of use the RSSI signal (Radio Signal Strength Indication) from Texas Instruments SensorTag CC2650 for indoor positioning purposes. This idea is not a new but in our opinion it is possible to use SensorTags with Bluetooth LE wireless interface for positioning inside buildings in such applications as people findings in hospitals, senior come care, etc. RSSI is mostly selected as the sensor localization method in the indoor circumstances. In this paper, we aim to analyze accuracy, calibrate and map RSSI to distance by doing a series of the experiments. Obtained results are very promising and shows possibility of use this technique for position estimation.
Accuracy improvement of the prestressed concrete structures precise geometry assessment by use of bubble micro-sampling algorithm
- Patryk Ziółkowski
- Jakub Szulwic
- Krystyna Nagrodzka-Godycka
2016
Prestressed concrete structures are well-known technology for a vast period, but nevertheless, this very technology is a leading solution, currently used in construction industry. Prestressed concrete structures have a huge advantage over conventional methods because it uses the properties of concrete in a very efficient way. The main idea behind this technology is to introduce into the cross-section of the structure, the internal forces which are opposed to external loads effects. Authors have proposed a method to improve the accuracy of the geometry measurement in prestressed concrete structures using Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS). The method raised by the authors is based on Spheres Translation Method, which was developed to study geometry deformation of concrete elements subjected to failure. The new solution, prepared by the authors, enhanced Spheres Translation Method with the generation of additional points in the cloud using a Monte Carlo simulation. Monte Carlo simulation used in point cloud generation gives a better estimation of the marker position which leads to a better motion tracking for the geometry of the object being scanned. Geometry assessment of prestressed reinforced concrete beam has been performed by use of TLS. Prestressed reinforced concrete beam has been subjected to failure and scanned by Terrestrial Laser Scanner.
Accuracy Investigations of Turbine Blading Neural Models Applied to Thermal and Flow Diagnostics
- Anna Butterweck
- Jerzy Głuch
2016
Possibility of replacing computional fluid dynamics simulations by a neural model for fluid flow and thermal diagnostics of steam turbines is investigated. Results of calculations of velocity magnitude of steam for 3D model of the stator of steam turbine is presented.
Accurate simulation-driven modeling and design optimization of compact microwave structures
- Sławomir Kozieł
- Adrian Bekasiewicz
2016
Cost efficient design optimization of microwave structures requires availability of fast yet reliable replacement models so that multiple evaluations of the structure at hand can be executed in reasonable timeframe. Direct utilization of full-wave electromagnetic (EM) simulations is often prohibitive. On the other hand, accurate data-driven modeling normally requires a very large number of training points and it is virtually infeasible for structures that exhibit highly nonlinear responses (e.g. filters or couplers). In this paper, we propose a design-oriented modeling technique where good accuracy is achieved by (i) careful non-uniform design space sampling that accounts for nonlinear relationship between the operating frequency of the structure and its geometry parameters, and (ii) carries out the modeling process only for selected characteristic points of the structure responses (those that determine satisfaction/violation of given design specifications). Our approach is demonstrated using a compact microstrip rat-race coupler modeled in a wide range of geometry parameters. The model is subsequently used to design the structure for various sets of design specifications. Comparison with standard data-driven modeling techniques is also provided.
Acoustic journal bearing – Performance under various load and speed conditions speed conditions
- Tadeusz Stolarski
- Rafał Gawarkiewicz
- Krzysztof Tesch
2016 TRIBOLOGY INTERNATIONAL
The paper presents results of experimental testing aiming at finding out what effect system of piezo-electric actuators (PZTs)attached to an aerodynamic journal bearing has on the magnitude of shaft's motion within the bearing operating at specified speed and load. The results clearly demonstrate effectiveness of PZTs in mitigating the shaft's motion thus contributing to the increased stability of the bearing. This stabilizing effect is especially pronounced for lightly loaded bearing running at speed. Three bearings, each having a different geometry, were tested and their dynamic performance recorded using fast response data acquisition system.
Active IR-Thermal Imaging in Medicine
- Mariusz Kaczmarek
- Antoni Zbigniew Nowakowski
2016 Pełny tekst JOURNAL OF NONDESTRUCTIVE EVALUATION
In this paper we summarize results of several research projects devoted to development of new diagnostic methods and procedures based on quantitative infrared thermography in medical applications. First, basics of active dynamic thermography are presented. Described are both, instrumentation and software comprising measurement procedures including collection of series of IR-images after external excitation, data treatment with displacement corrections, reduction of noise and artifacts and finally resentation of parametric diagnostic images. The thermal tomography method is also shortly discussed. As the most important for medical diagnostics parametric images of thermal time constants are discussed. For illustration of the value of presented methods chosen research and clinical applications performed in several clinics of Gdansk Medical University are resented. In vivo experiments on animals, mainly domestic pig, as well as clinical diagnostic procedures are discussed in skin burn and cardiosurgery applications. Specific requirements of IR-thermal investigation inmedical applications are discussed in comparison to IR-thermal imaging in technical non-destructive evaluation. It should be underlined that medical applications of IR-diagnostics seem to be the most difficult among other applications as heat transfers in living tissues are far more complicated comparing to technical evaluation where nondestructive testing methods based on thermal IR-imaging are already well developed.
Activity coordination of capacitor banks and power transformer controllers in order to reduce power losses in the MV grid
- Agata Szultka
- Robert Małkowski
2016
One of the main issues related to the optimization of the MV (middle voltage) network is to reduce losses of active and reactive power. Lower losses of active and reactive power give not only economic advantage, but also improvement of energy quality. The object of regulation that can be used for these purposes are transformer with On-Load Tap Changer and capacitor's banks. This paper presents results of analysis of the possibility of using capacitor banks installed inside the MV network (in industrial consumer) in order to minimize power losses in the power network. The results of analysis allowed to determine which of the criteria adjustment: constant voltage or maintain constant values of power factor tg fi , in individual buses is better. It was also pointed to the necessity of the coordination between actions of regulators of the transformer and capacitor banks.